Chapter 2
Instructional Planning
Lesson 5: Instructional Planning Components
EXPERIENCE: Interview one veteran teacher (with at least six or more years of
teaching experience), one experienced teacher (with two to five years of teaching
experience), and one beginning teacher (with one year or less teaching experience).
and ask them what are the components of instructional planning and what do they
think are the most important component of instructional planning, and why?
Veteran Teacher Experienced Teacher Beginning Teacher
Clear Objectives, Learning Clear Objectives, Learning Clear Objectives,
Materials, Active Background Materials, Active Background Learning Materials,
Knowledge, Direct Instruction Knowledge, Direct Active Background
Instruction Knowledge, Direct
Instruction
Most Important Component and Most important component Most important
Why and why component and why
Assessment strategies. Learning objectives are the According to her the
"Knowing how students are most important component of most Important
learning is crucial. Without a lesson or discussion. They components is
effective assessment they won't define the specific knowledge learning objectives
be aware if their learners and skills learners should because it guides the
acquire new knowledge or not gain, acting as the goals to be selection of content,
about the certain topic that been achieved. They directly teaching methods
discussed. Also, it helps them to answer the question: "What and provides a
recognize the strength and do learners need to know?" common
weakness of their students Well-defined objectives understanding of the
through different kind of ensure focused learning and learning process.
assessment. effective assessment.
ASSESS: Based what you have learned about instructional planning, what do you
think are the most important components of instructional planning?
Based on what I learned about the instructional planning the most important
component is Learning objectives because it is crucial for students’ engagement and
leaning. Clear learning objectives provide significant framework for creating relevant
activities. They establish clear expectations and allow for the tracking of progress
towards learning goals.
CHALLENGE: Now that you have a better understanding of the components of
instructional planning, what then is structural planning? What is the importance of
instructional planning?
Objectives:
Clearly defined
goals for student
learning.
Content:
The material and
resources needed
for instruction
Instructional
Planning
Share your answers with your classmates.
HARNESS: Based on the components of the instructional planning, write a sample
plan using the standard below from the K to 12 Curriculum:
Content Standard Performance Standard
The learners demonstrate understanding The learners share/express personal
of familiar words used to communicate ideas thoughts, actions, and feelings
personal experiences ideas, thoughts, using familiar words.
actions and feelings.
What to teach:
How to teach:
Materials:
Activities:
Assessments:
IN A NUTSHELL: Write your reflection and conclusion.
Complete the following statements:
I learned that:
I realized that:
I think there is a need to:
Lesson 6: Instructional Planning Cycle
EXPERIENCE: Interview a veteran teacher. Ask him/her about how to go about the
planning process and the considerations for each of the stages.
Learning Assessment
Objectives Strategies
Instructional
Reflection
Activities
ASSESS: What do you think are the issues or difficulties that teachers could
encounter at each stage of the instructional planning cycle? How could these issues be
addressed?
Stage Issue/Difficulty Solution
Learning Objectives
Assessment Strategies
Instructional Activities
Reflection
Share your explanation with your classmates.
CHALLENGE: As a future teacher, in what ways could the instructional planning
cycle help you in planning instruction?
Write your explanation below.
Share your answers with your classmates.
HARNESS: What are other considerations that could be incorporated in the
instructional planning cycle? How could you improve on the process?
Draw your diagram here. Provide an explanation of your improvements right below it.
IN A NUTSHELL: Write your reflection and conclusion.
Complete the following statements:
I learned that:
Effective teaching requires a deep understanding of child development, diverse
learning styles, and appropriate instructional strategies. I also learned the
importance of creating a positive and engaging classroom environment where
students feel safe to take risks and learn from their mistakes. The instructional
planning cycle is crucial for effective teaching.
I realized that:
Teaching is not just about delivering information; it's about fostering a love of
learning and empowering students to become independent learners. It demands
patience, creativity, and a genuine passion for helping children grow. My own
assumptions and biases can significantly impact my teaching, and I need to be
mindful of them.
I think there is a need to:
Continuously reflect on my teaching practices, seek feedback from colleagues and
students, and engage in professional development to stay current with best practices
in education. There is also a need to develop strong classroom management skills to
create a productive learning environment. I need to be adaptable and flexible to meet
the diverse needs of my students.
Lesson 7: Instructional Planning Cycle
EXPERIENCE: To which of the instructional models discussed do you connect the
most with? Whal elements would you incorporate in your instructional planning?
Write your explanation below.
ASSESS: Among the models discussed, what are the pros and cons of each?
Instructional Planning Pros Cons
Models
1. ADDIE Model
2. Kemp Design
Model
3. ARCS Model
CHALLENGE: Search on the internet for other instructional planning model. How
would these models compare with the ones discussed? Which model would be more
effective in your practice?
Instructional Elements Pros Cons
Planning
Model
The 5E Lesson Engage - This phase shifts from - The 5E - Decreases the
lecturing to encouraging model teaches effectiveness of
students to reflect on their prior students to the individual
think critically. phases due to
knowledge and identify gaps,
shortening the
sparking curiosity and a desire - Allows to time and
to learn more. take charge of opportunities
the learning for challenging
Explore - Students transition
process by and
from passive observation to observing, restructuring
active investigation, where they asking concepts and
develop models, gather data, questions, abilities.
and explore concepts analyzing data,
independently. and making
inferences.
Explain - Instead of superficial
discussions, students delve into
evidence-based explanations,
analyzing how questions were
answered or problems solved.
Elaborate - Moving beyond
mere introduction of new ideas,
this phase emphasizes creating
connections between concepts,
personal experiences, and real-
world applications.
Evaluate - involves critical
reflection on the entire
investigative process, including
hypotheses and outcomes,
rather than just assessing
vocabulary or journal entries.
Write your explanation below.
The 5E Instructional Model is a widely recognized framework for enhancing
student engagement and understanding through active participation. It consists of five
phases: Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, and Evaluate. This model is
particularly effective in fostering inquiry-based learning, where students are
encouraged to discover information and formulate insights independently.
Share your answers with your classmates.
HARNESS: What elements of an instructional planning model do you think are the
most important? Create a diagram of your own instructional planning model
below. Explain the elements that you included in your model.
Write your explanation below:
When we are designing an instructional planning model, there are several key
elements that are crucial for effective learning outcomes:
1. Clear Objectives: Specific, measurable goals that define what students should
learn.
2. Learner Analysis: Understanding the learners' needs, prior knowledge, and
learning environment.
3. Engagement Strategies: Activities that activate prior knowledge and
stimulate interest.
4. Content Sequencing: Logical organization of content to facilitate learning
progression.
5. Instructional Strategies: Methods such as direct instruction, guided practice,
and independent practice.
6. Resource Allocation: Selection of appropriate materials and tools to support
learning.
7. Assessment and Feedback: Regular evaluation to monitor progress and
provide constructive feedback.
Clear
Objectives
Systematic
Analyze
Assessment
& Support Learners
CARES
Instructional
Model
Effective Responsive
Sequencing Engagement
& Strategies Strategies
Clear Objectives: Clearly defined learning outcomes that guide instruction.
Analyze Learners: Understanding students' needs, prior knowledge, and
learning environment.
Responsive Engagement Strategies: Activities that spark curiosity and
engage students.
Effective Sequencing and Strategies: Organized content and instructional
methods to facilitate learning.
Systematic Assessment and Support: Regular evaluation and feedback to
ensure learning progress.
Share your answers with your classmates.
IN A NUTSHELL: Write your reflection and conclusion.
Complete the following statements:
I learned that:
I realized that:
I think there is a need to:
Lesson 8: Thematic Approach to Instructional Planning
EXPERIENCE: Read the short Tanguian folklore below. You are planning a lesson
for your Grade 4 class. With the basic understanding of thematic approach
instructional planning, write down at least five ideas for possible themes based on the
folklore.
The Man with the Cocoanuts
(from Philippine Folk Tales by Mabel Cook Cole, Gulenberg.org)
One day, a man who had been to gather his cocoanuts loaded his horse heavily with
the fruit. On the way home he met a boy whom he asked how long would take to
reach the house.
"If you go slowly," said the boy, looking at the load on the horse "you will arrive very
soon, but if you go fast, it will take you all day.
The man could not believe this strange speech, so he hunted his horse B the cocoanuts
fell off and he had to stop to pick them up. Then, he hurried his horse all the more to
make up for first time, but the cocoanuts fell off again. Many time he did this and it
was night when he reached home.
Possible themes based on the folktale
Explain why these themes were chosen.
Share your answers with your classmates.
ASSESS: You are on the 1st week of the Grade 4 curriculum guide, and based on the
three themes you have written, what learning objectives could be targeted in each of
the learning domains?
Theme Learning Domains Objectives
CHALLENGE: Based on the learning objectives you have identified, what activities
and learning experiences to conducted to attain them? What are the materials needed
to implement these activities and learning experiences?
Learning Objectives Activities Materials Required
HARNESS: With the ideas you generated from the previous activities, write a one-
day instructional plan for the Grade 4, Week 1 using the thematic approach. You may
refer to the Grade 4 DepEd curriculum guide for guidance.
Content Standards
Performance Standards
Instructional Objectives
Resources and
Materials
Procedure
Assessment
Summary
IN A NUTSHELL: Write your reflection and conclusion.
Complete the following statements:
I learned that:
I realized that:
I think there is a need to:
Lesson 9: DepEd Guidelines on Lesson Planning
EXPERIENCE: Lesson planning is a crucial part of the life of a teacher. This is why
the Department of Education outlined the guidelines in the lesson planning for
teachers. Read DepEd Order No. 42. s. 2016. Using a concept web, what are the
guiding principles that serve as the backbone of lesson planning? Describe how these
principles add to the DepEd's picture of lesson planning in the K to 12 Curriculum.
Use this place for your answer.
Share your answers with your classmates.
ASSESS: In the previous lessons, we have discussed various instructional panning
models. Based on what you know about instructional planning models. what
instructional planning model do you think is being advocated by the DepEd Order 42,
s. 2016, or do you think it is an entirely new model? Discuss your answer below. You
may use graphic organizers to illustrate your ideas.
Share your ideas with the class.
CHALLENGE: Based on the instructional plan you developed from the previous lesson, create a Daily Lesson Log following DepEd's DLL template below.
School Grade Level
Teacher Learning Area
Grade 1 to 12
Daily Lesson Log Teaching date and
Quarter
Time
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
ICL
I. OBJECTIVES
a. Content Standard
b. Performance
Standard
c. Learning
Competencies w/ LC
code
II. CONTENT
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
pages
2. Learner’ Materials
pages
B. Other Learning
Resources
IV. PROCEDURES
A. Review
B. Motivation
C. Presentation of the
Lesson
D. Unlocking of Difficulties
E. Lesson Proper
ACTIVITY
ANALYSIS
ABSTRACTION
APPLICATION
V. Evaluation
VI. REMARKS
VII. REFLECTION
A. No. of learners who
earned 80% in the
evaluation
B. No. of learners who
require additional activities
for remediation who score
below 80%
C. Did the remedial lesson
work? No. of learners who
caught up with the lesson
D. No. of learners who
continue to require
remediation
E. Which of my Teaching
Strategy worked well? why
did these work
F. What difficulties did I
encounter w/c my principal
or supervisor can help me
solve?
G. What innovation or
localized materials did I
used /discover which I wish
to share with other
teachers
HARNESS: We also learned in the previous lesson about the thematic approach to
instructional planning in what way can we include thematic approach in lesson
planning especially in the development of the DLL?
Areas in the DLL How can thematic approach be inserted in this area?
Objectives Design learning objectives that integrate a central theme
across different subjects to make lessons more
interconnected and meaningful.
Content Choose topics that align with a common theme, allowing
students to explore concepts from multiple perspectives,
such as linking history with literature or science.
Learning Resources Use thematic books, videos, articles, and real-world
examples that support the central theme to enhance
student engagement and understanding.
Procedure Implement activities that explore the theme creatively,
such as storytelling, experiments role-playing, group
discussions, and hands-on projects.
Remarks Note students’ responses and engagement with the
thematic approach making adjustments as needed to
improve lesson effectiveness.
Reflection Encourage students to reflect on how the theme to
connects on their own experiences and the world around
the theme, promoting deeper understanding and critical
thinking.
IN A NUTSHELL: Write your reflection and conclusion.
Complete the following statements:
I learned that:
Thematic approaches in lesson planning help create more meaningful and connected
learning experiences for students. By integrating themes across different subjects,
lessons become more engaging and relevant.
I realized that:
Using thematic approaches in the development of the Daily Lesson Log (DLL) allows
for better organization of lessons, making it easier to link concepts and skills across
different learning areas.
I think there is a need to:
Incorporate more thematic approaches in lesson planning to foster deeper
understanding and retention among students. This method encourages creativity,
critical thinking, and collaboration in the learning process.
