QII.

Give a short response tothe following questions:

Q1. When a motor cyclist hit a stationary car, he may fly off the motor
cycle and driver in the car may get neck injury.
Explain
Ans: VWhen a motor cyclist hits a stationary car then he
cannot stop himself due to
inertia and continue his state of motion
so he may fly off the motor cycle
While the driver in the car is at rest.
When the motor cyclist hits the car then
the upper part of the driver wants to
stay at rest due to inertia, but his
moves with the car with a force produced lower part
of collision. So the driver in the
getneck injury car may
Q2. In autumn, when you shake a branch, the leaves are detached.
-Why?
Ans: The leaves get detached when you shake a branch because of inertia of the
leaves. The leaves along with its branch are initially at rest. As you shake a branch
suddenly, the leaves of the branch come inmotion immediately.The leaves try to
keep its initial state that is the state of rest. Forthis reason, the leaves get detached
from its branch as you shake a brunch.
get se ne tree and nence fall own.
03. Why it is not safe to apply brakes only on the front wheel of a
bicycle?
Ans: It is not safe to apply brakes only on the front wheel of a bicycle because
due to inertia the rider will fallforward and may get injured. When a cyclist applies
only the front wheel brakes, the front wheel suddenly comes to rest while the back
wheel tends to continue its motion along with the rider's body. Due to this the rider
will feel a forward push and will fall to his front. That's why is not safe to apply
it

brakes only to the front wheel of a bicycle. It is therefore, advised to wear a helmet
while riding a bicycle and to apply brakes slowly if possible.
OR (Second Answer)
cause of an accident.
Q4. Deduce Newton's first law of motion from Newton's second law of
motion.
2nd law:
Ans: According to Newton's
F= ma F=m()
If F =0, a = 0 Since m#0,
But a = V-V
t
Or V- =0 V; V =V
For whatever time t' is taken.
continue moving with uniform velocity, V;
This means that the object will

throughout the time,t. If V, is zero then Ve will also be zero. That is, the object will

remain at rest.
Q5. Action and reaction are equal but opposite in direction. These
forces always act in pair. Do they balance each other? Can bodies
move under action -reaction pair?
Ans: Balanced forces are equal and opposite forces that act on the same object.
That's why they cancel out. Action and reaction forces are equal and opposite
forces that act on different objects, so they don't cancel out. No, a body cannot
move under action-reaction pair. For example book lying on the table has weight
downward butthe table has normal reactíon force in upward direction.
man slips on the oily floor: he wants to move out of this area He
Q6. A man slips on the oily floor; he wants to move out of this area. He
is alone. He throws his bag to move out of this slippery area. Why
is it so?
Ans: As slippery man throws his bag in any direction, he will feel an oppositely
a
directedforce which may help him to come out of the slippery floor.
When a man slips on the oily floor then he has minimum friction between
floor and his feet. He throws his bag to move out of thisslippery area. When he
throws a bag in one direction then this is an action, according to third law of motion
as a reaction he will move in opposite direction due to less friction, This act helps
him tomove out from the oily floor.
Q7. How would you use Newton's 3 law of motion and law of
conservation of momentum to explain motion of rocket?
Ans: Motion of a rocket can be explained by using Newton 's 3 law of motion and
law of conservation of momentum.
Newton's third law of motion states that to every action there is an equal and
opposite reaction. Similarly, when a rocket moves, it exerts the action force on the
gases to expel them backwards which in turn exert an equal and opposite reaction
force to move the rocket forward.
Rocket works on the principle of conservation of momentum. Rocket eject
gases inbackward direction which creates momentum of the gases backwards and
thus by conservation of momentum, the rocket gets momentum in the forward
direction making it move forward.
 eq
Q8. Why are cricket batter gloves padded with foam?
Ans: The batsman gloves are padded with foam in order to increase the impact
time and thus decrease the influence of change in momentum on batman's hands.
The rate of change of momentum is given by:
1
F= At
Ap
F« At
For same changemomentum (Ap), if impact time (At)is greater force will
in

be smaller. The foam of the gloves just increases time of impact (4t) between
hándle of bat and batsman's hand which reduces acceleration and hence the force
is reduced (F x a).
Batsman gloves are padded with foam for protection and it provides better
friction between the gloves and the bat instead of using cott
09
fricuon gioveS and te bat nstead of using cotton.
Q9. Where your weight be greater, near earth or near moon? What
will
about mass?
Ans: Near Earth, both weight and mass would be greater compared to near the
Moon. Weight is a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object, which is
directly proportiohal to the mass of the object.and the gravitational acceleration at
that location. Near Earth, the gravitational acceleration is greater than near the
Moon,hence weight would be greater near Earth.
Mass, however, remains the same regardlessof the location. It is a measure
of the amount of matter in an object, and it remains constant regardless of the
gravitational field it is in. So, whether near Earth or near the Moon, the mass of an
object would be the same.
o10. When Ronaldo kicks the ball, at the highest point of balls both
Earth and ball attracts each other with the same magnitude of
force. Why then the ballmoves towards Earth and not the Earth?
Ans: Although the Earth and the ball attract each other with the same magnitude
of force at the highest point, the acceleration experienced by each object is
determined by its mass.
The Earth has an extremely large mass compared to the ball, so while the
gravitational force between them is the same,
the Earth's acceleration due to this
force is negligible. The ball, on the other hand, experiences a significant
acceleration towards the Earth due to its much smaller mass. As a result, the ball
moves towards the Earth, not the other way around.
OR (Second Answer)