Class IX Session 2024-25

Subject - Science
Sample Question Paper - 3

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.

2. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A student is expected to

attempt only one of these questions.

3. Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 1 mark each.

4. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these questions should in the

range of 30 to 50 words.

5. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to these questions should in
the range of 50 to 80 words.

6. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answer to these questions should be

in the range of 80 to 120 words.

7. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each with sub-parts.

Section A
1. Which of the changes is/are exothermic? [1]

a) P,Q,S b) R

c) P, S d) S
2. Four strips are cut from a fresh potato. The length of each strip is measured. One strip is placed in water and [1]
others in different concentrations of sugar solution. After an hour, the strips were measured again. The results are
shown in the table. Which of the liquids P, Q, R and S is water?

Liquid Original length of strip (mm) Final length of strip (mm)

P 75 75

Q 78 80

R 82 80

S 86 85

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 a) Q b) S

c) P d) R
3. A particle is moving in a straight line with initial velocity u and uniform acceleration a. If the sum of the [1]

distances travelled in tth and (t + 1)th seconds is 100 cm, then its velocity after t seconds in cm s-1 is

a) 50 b) 80

c) 30 d) 20
4. Gundhy bug is a pest of ______ [1]

a) Groundnut b) Wheat

c) Rice d) Mustard
5. Select the incorrect differences between collenchyma and scierenchyma. [1]

Collenchyma Scierenchyma

(i) It is made up of dead cells. Its cells are living

(ii) Lumen or cell cavity is wide. Lumen or cell cavity is usually narrow.

(iii) It provides hardness to the region where it occurs. It keeps the organ soft.

(iv) Wall thickening is not uniform. Wall thickening is uniform.

(v) Pits are simple and straight Pits are simple, oblique and may be branched.

a) (i) and (iv) only b) (i) and (iii) only

c) (ii), (iv) and (v) only d) (i), (iii) and (iv) only
6. Study the given figure carefully. In which direction the net movement of water will take place? [1]

[Key : O Water molecule; ® Solute molecule]

a) From solution 1 to solution 2 b) Both From solution 1 to solution 2 and

From solution 2 to solution 1

c) From solution 2 to solution 1 d) No movement will take place

7. A sample of CaCO3 contains 3.01 × 1023 ions of Ca+2 and CO 3

−2
. The mass of the sample is: [1]

a) 200 g b) 50 g

c) 100 g d) 5 g
8. Survival of plants in terrestrial environment has been made possible by the presence of [1]

a) conducting tissue b) apical meristem

c) parenchymatos tissue d) intercalary meristem

9. The water level in a measuring cylinder, before and after immersing a metal cube in it, is shown in the figure. [1]

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 The volume of the metal cube is:

a) 18 cm3 b) 24 cm3

c) 20 cm3 d) 22 cm3

10. What would you conclude about the variation in velocity of a cyclist from the given graph? [1]

a) Velocity changes linearly if acceleration is b) Velocity changes non-linearly if

changing non-linearly. acceleration is changing linearly.

c) Velocity becomes uniform if acceleration d) Velocity becomes zero if acceleration

becomes infinite. becomes zero.
11. Elements with valency 1 are [1]

a) always non-metals b) either metals or non-metals

c) always metalloids d) always metals

12. Chlorenchyma and aerenchyma are modified/specialised [1]

a) phloem b) parenchyma

c) sclerenchyma d) collenchyma
13. The only cell organelle seen in prokaryotic cell is [1]

a) ribosomes b) mitochondria

c) lysosomes d) plastids
14. A food sample turned blue-black after addition of a few drops of iodine solution. This sample contains: [1]

a) starch b) fat

c) protein d) glucose
15. Which one is a physical change? [1]

a) Mixing BaSO4 + NaCl b) Mixing NH3 and HCl

c) Burning magnesium in air d) Adding NaCl to water

16. Which of the following type of irrigation system is used in areas closer to rivers? [1]

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 a) Dug wells b) Tanks

c) River lift d) Canals

17. Assertion (A): Motion of satellites around their planets is considered as accelerated motion. [1]
Reason (R): During their motion, the speed remains constant, while the direction of motion changes
continuously.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

18. Assertion (A): Gases are compressible but liquids are not. [1]
Reason (R): Structure of gas and liquid are different.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

19. Assertion (A): Epithelial tissue form the lining of the mouth and alimentary canal and protect these organs. [1]
Reason (R): They help in the absorption of water and nutrients.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

20. Assertion (A): Bohr’s orbits are called stationary orbits. [1]
Reason (R): Electrons remain stationary in these orbits for sometime.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
21. Explain briefly why a balloon filled with helium gas rises in air? Why does the balloon not rise indefinitely? [2]
OR
If a solid of the same density as that of a liquid is placed in it, what will happen to the solid?
22. The vegetables are cooked better and faster in a pressure cooker. Why is it so? [2]
23. A girl is sitting in the middle of a park of dimension 12 m × 12 m. On the left side of it there is a building [2]
adjoining the park and on the right side of the park, there is a road adjoining the park. A sound is produced on
the road by a cracker. Is it possible for the girl to hear the echo of this sound? Explain your answer.
24. The room temperature on Celsius scale is 25oC. Convert it into the other two scales of measurement. [2]

25. An automobile vehicle has a mass of 1500 kg. What must be the force between the vehicle and road if the [2]
vehicle is to be stopped with the negative acceleration of 1.7 ms-2?
OR
Which of the following has more inertia:
a. a rubber ball and a stone of the same size?
b. a bicycle and a train?
c. a five rupees coin and a one-rupee coin?

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26. Describe Bohr's model of the atom. [2]
Section C
27. A person standing between two vertical cliffs and 640 m away from the nearest cliff shouted. He heard the first [3]
echo after 4 seconds and the second echo 3 seconds later. Calculate
i. the velocity of sound in air, and
ii. the distance between the cliffs.
28. Study the data given below and answer the questions which follow: [3]

Particle Electrons Protons Neutrons

A 2 3 4

B 10 9 8

C 8 8 8

D 8 8 10

i. Write the mass number and atomic number of particles A, B, C, D.

ii. Which particles represent a pair of isotopes? Explain.
29. The velocity time graph of runner is given in the graph. [3]

a. What is the total distance covered by the runner in 16s?

b. What is the acceleration of the runner at t = 11s?
OR
The velocity of a body in motion is recorded every second as shown-

time (s) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

velocity (m/s) 60 54 48 42 36 30 24 18 12 6

Calculate the -
a. acceleration
b. distance travelled and draw the graph.
30. Due to heavy rains and speedy winds a tree broke and fell on the road. Two persons from local shops came and [3]
begin to remove that broken part of the tree, but in vain as the log was too heavy. A passerby came to their help
with a few solid heavy sticks. Consequently, the heavy log was put aside and the commutation on the road began
as usual.
(a) Comment upon the value(s) displayed by the passerby?
(b) Name the energy stored when the heavy log of the tree was lifted to some height?
31. The velocity-time graph of an object of mass m = 50 g is shown in the figure. Observe the graph carefully and [3]
answer the following questions.
i. Calculate the force on the object in time interval 0 to 3 s.
ii. Calculate the force on the object in the time interval 6 to 10 s.

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 iii. Is there any time interval in which no force acts on the object? Justify your answer.

32. How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic cell? [3]

OR
Illustrate only a plant cell as seen under electron microscope. How is it different from animal cell?
33. i. Which process in meristematic tissue converts it to permanent tissue? [3]
ii. Which feature of meristematic tissue helps aquatic plants to maintain buoyancy in water?
iii. Why epidermis of plants living in dry habitats is thicker?
iv. Identify the following.
a. Living component of xylem
b. Dead element of phloem
v. Which type of conducting tissues conduct water and minerals vertically?
Section D
34. A stone is dropped from the edge of a roof. [5]
i. How long does it take to fall 4.9 m?
ii. How fast does it move at the end of that fall?
iii. How fast does it move at the end of 7.9 m?
iv. What is its acceleration after 1s and after 2 s?
OR
Show that the weight of an object on the moon is th of its weight on the earth. Given, the mass of the earth Me =
1

6×1024 kg , mass of the moon, Mm =7⋅4×1022 kg , The radius of the earth, Re = 6400 km and radius of the moon, Rm

= 1740 km.
35. i. State what will happen when human red blood cells are placed in a hypotonic salt/sugar solution. [5]
ii. Why plant cell shrinks when kept in a hypertonic solution.
iii. Why lysosomes are known as suicidal bags?
OR
Make a comparison and write down ways in which plant cells are different from animal cells.
36. Distinguish between compounds and mixtures. [5]
Section E
37. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Animal tissue has various types of epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscular tissue, and nervous tissue and of
tissue one of them is the connective tissue which consists of blood, bone, cartilage. Blood is the fluid matrix
called plasma in which red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelet are suspended while bone form the
framework that supports the body it also anchors the muscle and supports the main organ of the body. Two bones
are connected by a ligament. cartilage is a solid matrix composed of sugar and protein.
i. Name the tissue which connects muscle to a bone. (1)
ii. Matrix of bone cells are composed of (1)

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 iii. Two bones are connected by ligament how muscle connects to the bone? (2)
OR
Where the cartilage is found in the human body? (2)
38. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Irrigation
The process of supplying water to crop plants through human efforts by means of canals, wells, reservoirs, tube
wells etc., is known as irrigation. Most agriculture in India is dependent on timely monsoons and sufficient
rainfall spread through most of the growing season. However, the extra water required by crops is met through
irrigation.

i. Which is the most common source of irrigation? (1)

ii. Mention the various sources of irrigation. (1)
iii. Which is the least use source of irrigation? (2)
OR
What are the other sources of irrigation? (2)
39. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
A solution of a solid in a liquid such as water can be prepared by adding it slowly to water with constant stirring
at a certain temperature (room temperature). If the addition process is continued, a stage is ultimately reached in
the dissolution process when no more of the solid dissolves. Rather it starts setlling at the bottom of the
container such as a glass beaker. The solution at this stage is said to be saturated. The solubility of a solute is
always expressed with respect to the saturated solution. It may be defined as the maximum amount of the solute
that can be dissolved in 100 g of the solvent to form a saturated solution at a given temperature. Please
remember that the role of temperature is very important. If temperature is increased, the solution becomes
unsaturated. In case the temperature is decreased, the solution becomes supersaturated. As a result, crust of the
solute gets deposited on the surface.
i. What do mean by the term Solubility? (1)
ii. 20 g of a solute are dissolved in 500 g of the solvent. The solubility of the solute is: (1)
iii. When a saturated solution becomes unsaturated? (2)
OR
.37. Tendon. What do you mean by concentration of solution? (2)
ii. Matrix of a bone cell composed of calcium and phosphorus
compound.
iii. Muscles are connected to the bone by the structure called tendon.
OR
Ear, Nose, and Trachea.
38. The most common source of irrigation is tube wells. Irrigation is the artificial process of applying controlled amounts of
water
to land to assist in the production of crops.
ii. The various sources of irrigation are canals, tanks, tube wells, other wells, and other sources like rainwater harvesting.
iii. The last source of irrigation tanks.
OR
The other sources include rainwater harvesting and watershed management.
i.
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iii. A saturated solution becomes unsaturated by either heating it or by adding more of the solvent.
 Solution
Section A
1.
(b) R
Explanation: Changes of state are examples of phase changes or phase transitions. All phase changes are accompanied by
changes in the energy of a system. The energy change in the phase transitions can be explained as follows:
Phase Change Name Phase Energy Change Example

Freezing Liquid to solid Exothermic Freezing water

Melting (P) Solid to liquid Endothermic Ice melting

Condensation (R) Gas to liquid Exothermic Water vapour burns

Evaporation (Q) Liquid to gas Endothermic Boiling water

Sublimation (S) Solid to gas Endothermic Dry ice

Deposition Gas to solid Exothermic Formation of frost

2. (a) Q
Explanation: Sugar solution is hypertonic to cell sap of potato, whereas water acts as a hypotonic solution to it. When the
potato strip is placed in water, its cells will gain water by osmosis, resulting in increase in size of potato strip. When the potato
strips are put in sugar solution of different concentrations, the cells will lose water resulting in decrease in the size of strip. As
only potato strip placed in liquid ‘Q’ shows increase in length, this shows that liquid ‘Q’ is water.
3. (a) 50
Explanation: Distance travelled in tth second of uniformly accelerated motion is
St = u + (2t - 1) ...(i)
a

Distance travelled in (t + 1)th second can be written as

St+1 = u + [2(t + 1) - 1]
a

or St+1 = u + (2t + 1) ...(ii)

a

st + st+1 = 100 cm (given)

u + (2t -1) + u + (2t + 1) = 100 [Using (i) and (ii)]
a

2
a

or 2u + 2at = 100 or u + at = 50;

∴ v = 50 cms-1
4.
(c) Rice
Explanation: Gundhi bugs are also called stink bugs as a characteristic foul odor is produced by scent glands present on the
abdomen. These stink bugs are distributed in all the tropical and sub-tropical regions. In India, it is used as a pest of all rice-
growing areas.
5.
(b) (i) and (iii) only
Explanation: In plants, collenchyma is a permanent living tissue of primary body. It provides flexibility to soft aerial parts like
leaves, young stem of plant so that they can bend without breaking. Sclerenchyma consists of thick-walled, dead cells. It
provides hardness to the region where it occurs.
6. (a) From solution 1 to solution 2
Explanation: The movement of water from a region of its higher concentration to a region of its lower concentration through a
semi-permeable membrane is called osmosis. Since, concentration of water is high in solution 1, therefore, water will move
from solution 1 to solution 2 by the process of osmosis.

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 7.
(b) 50 g
Explanation: The mass of one mole of CaCO3 is equal to 100 g. 6.022 × 1023 ions are equivalent to one mole. Therefore,

mass of 3.01 × 1023 ions will be equivalent to (

100

2
) g or 50 g.
8. (a) conducting tissue
Explanation: The conducting tissues in plants conduct different saps and have different structures. The primary conducting
tissues of plants are xylem and phloem. Xylem conducts water from roots to the other parts of the plant, whereas phloem
transports food and other material from the leaves to other parts of plants.
9.
(c) 20 cm3
Explanation: 60 – 40 = 20 cm3
10.
(b) Velocity changes non-linearly if acceleration is changing linearly.
Explanation: For the given graph, a = kt, where k is some positive constant. So, velocity v = u + at = u + (kt)t = 4 + kt2 i.e.,
varies non-linearly.
11.
(b) either metals or non-metals
Explanation: Elements with valency 1 are easily loss or gain electron. So, elements with valency 1 are either metals or non-
metals. For example hydrogen is nonmetal and Lithium is metal both having valency 1.
12.
(b) parenchyma
Explanation: Parenchyma cells containing chloroplasts are collectively termed as chlorenchyma. Special parenchyma tissue is
found in the aquatic plants and some land plants (e.g., petiole of Banana, Canna). It is known as aerenchyma. It consists of a
network of parenchyma cells that enclose very large air cavities.
13. (a) ribosomes
Explanation: Unlike eukaryotic cell, a prokaryotic cell lacks membrane-bound organelles like plastids, mitochondria and
endoplasmic reticulum but smaller and randomly scattered ribosomes are seen.
14. (a) starch
Explanation: Many different food groups contain a carbohydrate known as starch. Using an iodine solution, you can test for
the presence of starch. When starch is present, the iodine changes from brown to blue-black or purple.
15.
(d) Adding NaCl to water
Explanation: Adding of common salt (NaCl) to water is physical change as no new substance is formed and no heat is evolved
during the addition of salt in water. Also, salt can be obtained by evaporation.
16.
(c) River lift
Explanation: When it is not possible to supply enough water through a normal canal system, then a river lift system is utilized
to ensure a steady supply. This can happen in areas with uneven topography, or in areas which are far from a water reservoir.
17. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Satellites revolve around their planets in almost circular orbits with constant speed. Thus, during their motion,
the speed remains constant, while the direction of motion changes continuously. As a result, there is a change in their velocity.
Therefore, the motion of satellites around their planets is considered as accelerated motion.
18. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The molecules of a gas are separated very far and there is a lot of empty space between them. Hence gases can
be compressed easily. In liquids molecules are closer to each other and can be brought further closer only under very high
pressure.
19.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The functions of epithelial tissues are as follows:

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 i. The cells of epithelial tissue form the outer layer of the skin (body surface).
ii. The epithelial tissues inside the body form the lining of the mouth and alimentary canal and protect these organs by
secreting mucous.
iii. They also help in the absorption of water and nutrients.

20.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Electrons in different orbits have fixed energies.
Section B
21. The mass of the balloon filled with helium is less than the mass of the air displaced by it. Hence upthrust acting on the balloon is
more than its weight. As a result the balloon experiences a net upthrust which makes it rise. As the balloon rises it experiences
lesser and lesser upthrust due to the fact that with height the density of air decreases. At a certain point the weight of the balloon
may be completely balanced by the upthrust acting on it. Thereafter the balloon stops rising.
OR
In such a case when the density of solid is exactly equal to that of the liquid, it will remain in equilibrium and keep floating in it.
The solid will float in such a way that the entire part of it will remain within the liquid, its upper surface coinciding with the liquid
surface.
22. In a pressure cooker, pressure is raised by preventing the vapours formed inside to escape from the closed cooker. This causes
water to boil at much higher temperature than its normal boiling point. Due to this reason, vegetables can be cooked better and
faster in a pressure cooker.
23. If the time gap between the original sound and reflected sound received by the listener is around 0.1s, only then the echo can be
heard.
Velocity of sound in air = 344 m/s.
Time interval = 0.1 s
Therefore, The minimum distance travelled by the reflected sound wave for the distinctly listening to the echo = Velocity of the
sound × Time interval = 344 × 0.1 = 34.5 m
Since, the girl is sitting in middle of a park of dimension 12 m ×12 m, Therefore; The distance travelled by the sound reflected
from the building and then reaching to the girl = (6 + 6) = 12 m, which is much smaller than the required distance. Therefore, Girl
will not hear any echo of sound.
24. Temperature on Kelvin scale = 25 + 273
= 298 K
Temperature on Fahrenheit scale = × 25 + 32 = 77
9

5
0
F

25. Mass of the vehicle (m) = 1500 kg

Negative acceleration (a) = -1.7 ms-2
∴ Force of friction between the road and vehicle

F = ma
F = 1500 × (-1.7)
= -2550 N
Negative sign means force is acting in the direction opposite to the direction of motion of the vehicle.
OR
a. a stone of the same size will have more inertia than a rubber ball.
b. A train will have more inertia than a bicycle.
c. A five rupees coin will have more inertia than a one-rupee coin.
Explanation: Inertia is associated with mass. Inertia is directly proportional to the mass of a body. Objects having more mass have
more inertia.
26. Neils Bohr proposed a model of atom in 1912 to remove the drawbacks of Rutherford’s atomic model and to explain the structure
of an atom in detail. The features of Bohr’s model of atom are given below:-
i) An electron revolves in the orbit of atom with well-defined energy.
ii) Energy of orbits increases from the inner shell to the outer shells i.e. energy of orbit nearest to the nucleus is the lowest.
iii) If energy is supplied to an electron, it moves from a lower orbit to a higher orbit. When an electron moves from a higher orbit
(energy level) to a lower orbit (energy level), energy is radiated as electromagnetic waves.
iv) Each orbit or shell represents an energy level. Such orbits are represented as K,L,M,N,O (named starting from the centre of an

Page 10 of 14
 atom).
v) The shell or orbits are associated with a certain amount of energy and energy of orbits/shells increases from the nucleus towards
the valence shell.
Section C
27. i. Let P be the person standing between the cliffs A and B. Let s1 be a distance of nearest cliff A from P and s2 the distance of
second cliff B from P. The first echo is heard when sound reaches the person after being reflected from cliff A.

Given, s1 = AP = 640 m
Time interval of first echo, t1 = 4 seconds
From relation, 2 s1 = υ t1, we have
2s1
The speed of sound, υ = t1

2×640

Therefore, Speed of sound in air, v = 320 m/s

ii. The second echo is heard when the sound reaches the person after being reflected from the cliff B.
Time interval of second echo, t2 = 4 + 3 = 7 seconds
Therefore, From relation, 2 s2 = υ t2,
υt2
We have, 2
320×7

= 1120 m
Therefore, Distance between cliffs A and B,
s = s1 + s2 = 640 + 1120 = 1760 m

28. i. Particle Atomic number Mass number

A 3 3+4=7

B 9 9 + 8 = 17

C 8 8 + 8 = 16

D 8 8 + 10 = 18
ii. Particles C and D as they have same number of protons, i.e. same atomic number but different mass number.
29. a. We know that area under v-t graph gives displacement.
So, Area = distance (S) = area of triangle + area of rectangle
Area of triangle = × base × height
1

2
1
= 2
× 6 × 10

= 30 m
Area of rectangle = length × breadth
= (16-6) × 10
=10 × 10
= 100 m
Total area = 100 + 30 = 130m
Therefore distance covered by the runner in 16s = 130 m
b. Since, at t = 11 sec, runner is travelling with uniform velocity so, there is no change in velocity hence acceleration is zero.
OR

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 a. (a) Acceleration =slope of the velocity time graph
V2 − V1
a= t2 − t1

54−24 30 2
a= = = −6m/s
1−6 −5

b. Distance = S = ut + 1

2
2
at

1 2
= 60 × 10 + (−6) × (10)
2

= 600-300 = 300m

c.

30. (a) Social value, conceptual value, presence of mind.

(b) Potential energy.
50
31. i. Given mass, m = 50 g = 1000
kg.
= 40 m/s2
v−u 120−0
Acceleration during intervals 0 to 3 s = a1 = t
= 3

50
According to Newton's second law of motion : Force, F1 = ma = ( 1000
) × 40 = 2 N

= -30 m/s2
v2 − v1 0−120
ii. Acceleration during intervals 6 to 10 s = a2 = t
= =- 120

4
(10−6)

Similarly, Force, F2 = ma2 = 1000

50
× (-30) = -1.5 N.
iii. Time interval in which no force acts on the object ='3's - '6' s i.e A to B.
This is because in this interval, the velocity of object is constant i.e. 120 m/s .
Hence, Acceleration= '0' m/s2. Therefore, F= '0' N.

32. Prokaryotic cell Eukaryotic cell

Size : generally small ( 1-10 µm) where 1 µm = 10-6m Size: generally large ( 5-100 µm)

Nuclear region: It is not well defined and known as the Nuclear region: well defined and surrounded by a nuclear
nucleoid. membrane
Chromosome: single More than one chromosome

Membrane-bound cell organelles absent Membrane-bound cell organelles are present.

OR
Animal cell Plant cell

Cell wall absent. Cell wall present.

Vacuoles are small. Vacuoles are large.

Chloroplast absent. Chloroplast present.

33. i. Differentiation is the process by which meristematic tissue takes up a permanent shape, size and function.
ii. Large air cavities present in parenchyma (aerenchyma) of aquatic plants help the plant to maintain buoyancy in water.
iii. Epidermis of plants living in dry habitats are thicker in order to prevent loss of water.
iv. a. Xylem parenchyma consists of living cells having thin cell walls.
b. Phloem fibres are the dead element of phloem.
v. Tracheids and vessels of xylem are the two conducting tissues, which conduct water and minerals vertically.
Section D
34. A stone is dropped from the edge of a roof.
Given, initial velocity u = 0
Acceleration g = 9.8 m/s2

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 i. Displacement =s = 4.9 m
We have, s = ut + 1

2
gt2
4.9 = 0 × t + 1

2
× 9.8 × t2
t2 =
9.8

9.8
=1
⇒ t = 1 s
The stone takes 1 s to fall 4.9 m
ii. We have, v − u = 2as 2 2

v − 0 = 2 × 9.8 × 4.9
2 2

2
v = 96.04
−−−−
⇒ v = √96.04 = 9.8 m/s
At the end of 4.9 m, stone will be moving at a speed of 9.8 m/s
iii. We have, v − u = 2as 2 2

v − 0 = 2 × 9.8 × 7.9
2 2

v2 = 154.84
⇒v = 12.44 m/s
The stone will be moving with a speed of 12.44 m/s at the end of 7.9 m.
iv. During the free fall the acceleration produced in a body remains constant.
So, acceleration after 1 s = 9.8 m/s2
Acceleration after 2 s = 9.8 m/s2
OR
Suppose the mass of the moon is Mm and its radius is Rm. Let a body of mass m is placed on the surface of the moon.
G Mm m
Therefore, the weight of the body on the moon, Wm =mg' = 2
............(1)
R
m

Mass of body, m will remain same on earth and moon.

G Me m
Here, The weight of the same body on the earth's surface, We =mg = 2
..............(2)
R
e

Where Me = Mass of earth and Re = Radius of the earth.

Dividing equation (1) by (2), we get
2
Wm Mm R

We
= Me
×
e

2
.............(3)
Rm

Now, the mass of the earth, Me = 6 × 1024 kg (Given)

mass of the moon, Mm = 7⋅ 4 × 1022 kg (Given)

The radius of the earth, Re = 6400 km and radius of the moon, Rm = 1740 km
Now, Putting these values in equation (3), we get
22

)2
Wm 7.4× 10 kg

We
= 24
× ( 6400 km

1740 km
6× 10 kg

Wm We
or We
≈
1

6
or Wm = 6
Hence proved.
Therefore, The weight of the body on the moon is about one-sixth of its weight on the earth.
35. i. When human red blood cells are placed in hypotonic salt/sugar solution they swell due to endosmosis.
ii. Plant cell shrinks when kept in hypertonic solution because the concentration of the solvent is more inside the cell. It shrinks
due to exosmosis.
iii. Lysosomes are known as suicidal bags because, during the breakdown of cell structure, lysosome bursts and enzymes eat up
their own cells.
OR
Plant cell Animal cell
1. cell wall is present. 1. cell wall is absent.
2. Plastids are present. 2. Plastids are absent.
3. They have dictyosomes instead of Golgi body. 3. They have Golgi apparatus.
4. centrosomes and centrioles are absent. 4. centrosomes and centrioles are present.
5. Vacuoles are larger in size. 5. vacuoles are smaller in size.
6. Daughter cells separate from each other due to formation 6. Daughter cells separate from each other due to contrition or

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 of cell plate. furrow formation.

36. S.No. Compounds Mixtures

Mixture is formed by simply mixing two or

Compounds are formed as a result of chemical reactions between two
1. 1. more constituents. There are no chemical
or more elements or compounds.
reactions between the constituents.

The components of a compound are always present in a definite ratio The components of a mixture may be present
2. 2.
by mass. in any ratio.
The properties of a compound are entirely different from its The properties of a mixture are the same as
3. 3.
constituents. those of its constituents.

Mixtures are usually heterogeneous (except in

4. Compounds are always homogeneous in nature. 4.
solutions).
Heat, light or electrical energy may not be
Compound formation is accompanied by absorption or evolution of
5. 5. evolved or absorbed during the formation of a
light, heat or electrical energy.
mixture.

Melting and boiling points of a compound are usually sharp and Melting and boiling points of a mixture are
6. 6.
fixed. usually not sharp and fixed.

The constituent elements of a compound can not be separated by any

The constituent elements of the mixture can
7. physical method. Special chemical methods or electrochemical 7.
be easily separated by physical means.
methods are employed to separate them.

For example, A mixture of iron filings and

8. For example, Water, Carbon dioxide. 8.
sulphur.
Section E
37. i. Tendon.
ii. Matrix of a bone cell composed of calcium and phosphorus compound.
iii. Muscles are connected to the bone by the structure called tendon.
OR
Ear, Nose, and Trachea.
38. i. The most common source of irrigation is tube wells. Irrigation is the artificial process of applying controlled amounts of water
to land to assist in the production of crops.
ii. The various sources of irrigation are canals, tanks, tube wells, other wells, and other sources like rainwater harvesting.
iii. The last source of irrigation tanks.
OR
The other sources include rainwater harvesting and watershed management.
39. i. The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent.
ii. Given, Mass of solute = 20g
Mass of solvent = 500g
Mass-Volume percentage = 20

500
× 100

= 4%
Solubility of 500 g of solute = 4

100
× 500

= 20g
Hence, the solubility of 20g of solute in 500g of solvent is 20g.
iii. A saturated solution becomes unsaturated by either heating it or by adding more of the solvent.
OR
Concentration of a solution is defined as the amount of solute that is present in a given amount of solution. It can be expressed
in terms of: Mass by the mass percentage of a solution = mass of solute

mass of solution
× 100 .

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