FIRE PROTECTION HANDBOOK, 21ST

EDITION

Contents

Introduction

Acknowledgments

Section 1 Safety in the Built Environment

Chapter 1-1 The NFPA Fire & Life Safety Ecosystem

Chapter 1-2 Challenges to Safety in the Built Environment

Chapter 1-3 Codes and Standards for the Built Environment

Chapter 1-4 Legal Issues for Design and Enforcement Professionals

Chapter 1-5 Fire Prevention and Code Enforcement

Chapter 1-6 Systems Approach to Fire-Safe Building Design

Chapter 1-7 Wildland Fires and Wildland/Urban Interface

Chapter 1-8 The Interconnected All-Hazards Fire Department

Chapter 1-9 Smart Infrastructure and Fire Protection

Section 2 Basics of Fire and Fire Science

Chapter 2-1 Physics and Chemistry of Fire

Chapter 2-2 Physics of Fire Configuration

Chapter 2-3 Fire Hazards of Materials and Products

Chapter 2-4 Introduction to Compartment Fires

Chapter 2-5 Basics of Fire Containment

Chapter 2-6 Fundamentals of Fire Detection

Chapter 2-7 Theory of Fire Extinguishment

Chapter 2-8 Explosions

Section 3 Information and Analysis for Fire Protection

Chapter 3-1 An Overview of the Fire Problem

Chapter 3-2 Fire Loss Investigation

Chapter 3-3 Fire Incident Data: From Collection to Use

Chapter 3-4 Introduction to Fire Modeling

Chapter 3-5 Fire Hazard Analysis Techniques

Chapter 3-6 Fire Risk Analysis

Chapter 3-7 Closed Form Enclosure Fire Calculations

Chapter 3-8 The Role of Performance-Based Codes and Standards in

Fire Safety Design

Chapter 3-9 Overview of Performance-Based Fire Protection Design

Section 4 Human Factors in Emergencies

Chapter 4-1 Human Behavior in Fire

Chapter 4-2 Calculation Methods for Egress Prediction

Chapter 4-3 Facilitating Occupant Movement During Emergencies

Chapter 4-4 Techniques of Crowd Management

Section 5 Fire and Life Safety Education

Chapter 5-1 Community Risk Reduction

Chapter 5-2 Principles and Techniques of Fire and Life Safety Education
Chapter 5-3 Fire and Life Safety Education Messages

Chapter 5-4 Evaluation Techniques for Fire and Life Safety Education

Chapter 5-5 Educators as Public Information Officers and Effective Media

Relations

Chapter 5-6 Reaching High-Risk Groups

Chapter 5-7 Youth Firesetting

Section 6 Characteristics of Materials and Products

Chapter 6-1 Fire Hazards of Materials

Chapter 6-2 Combustion Products and Their Effects on Life Safety

Chapter 6-3 Concepts and Protocols of Fire Testing

Chapter 6-4 Wood and Wood-Based Products

Chapter 6-5 Fibers and Textiles

Chapter 6-6 Upholstered Furniture and Mattresses

Chapter 6-7 Fire-Retardant and Flame-Resistant Treatment of Cellulosic

Materials

Chapter 6-8 Additive Flame Retardants

Chapter 6-9 Dusts

Chapter 6-10 Metals

Chapter 6-11 Gases

Chapter 6-12 Medical Gases

Chapter 6-13 Ignitible (Flammable and Combustible) Liquids

Chapter 6-14 Polymeric Materials

Chapter 6-15 Pesticides

Chapter 6-16 Explosives and Blasting Agents

Chapter 6-17 Manufacture and Storage of Aerosol Products

Chapter 6-18 Solid and Liquid Oxidizers

Chapter 6-19 Organic Peroxides

Chapter 6-20 Tables and Charts

Section 7 Storage and Handling of Materials

Chapter 7-1 Storage and Handling of Solid Fuels

Chapter 7-2 Storage of Ignitible (Flammable and Combustible) Liquids

Chapter 7-3 Storage of Gases

Chapter 7-4 Storage and Handling of Chemicals

Chapter 7-5 Hazardous Waste Control

Section 8 Special Equipment

Chapter 8-1 Air-Moving Equipment

Chapter 8-2 Chemical Processing Equipment

Chapter 8-3 Material Handling Equipment

Chapter 8-4 Automated Equipment

Chapter 8-5 Lasers

Chapter 8-6 Protection of Electronic Equipment

Chapter 8-7 Heat Transfer Systems and Fluids

Chapter 8-8 Industrial and Commercial Heat Utilization Equipment

Chapter 8-9 Oil Quenching and Molten Salt Baths

Chapter 8-10 Stationary Combustion Engines and Fuel Cells

Chapter 8-11 Fluid Power Systems

Chapter 8-12 Industrial Refrigeration Systems

Chapter 8-13 Photovoltaic Systems

Chapter 8-14 Energy Storage Systems

Section 9 Processes and Facilities

Chapter 9-1 Woodworking Facilities and Processes

Chapter 9-2 Spray Finishing and Powder Coating

Chapter 9-3 Dipping and Coating Processes

Chapter 9-4 Plastics Industry and Related Process Hazards

Chapter 9-5 Metalworking Processes

Chapter 9-6 Cannabis Processing Facilities

Chapter 9-7 Storage and Bulk Handling of Grain Elevator and Milling
Operations

Chapter 9-8 Protection of Records

Chapter 9-9 Semiconductor Manufacturing

Chapter 9-10 Oilseed Solvent Extraction Plants

Chapter 9-11 Protection of Wastewater Treatment Plants

Chapter 9-12 Fire Protection of Laboratories Using Chemicals

Chapter 9-13 Fire Protection of Telecommunications Facilities

Chapter 9-14 Electric Generating Plants

Chapter 9-15 Nuclear Facilities

Chapter 9-16 Mining and Mineral Processing

Chapter 9-17 Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres

Section 10 Building Services

Chapter 10-1 Emergency and Standby Power Supplies

Chapter 10-2 Electrical Systems and Appliances

Chapter 10-3 Heating Systems, Boiler Furnaces, and Appliances

Chapter 10-4 Building Transportation Systems

Chapter 10-5 Air-Conditioning and Ventilating Systems

Chapter 10-6 Ventilation of Commercial Cooking Operations

Section 11 Fire Prevention Practices

Chapter 11-1 Waste Handling and Control

Chapter 11-2 Housekeeping Practices

Chapter 11-3 Site Design for Fire Safety

Chapter 11-4 Fire Hazards of Construction, Alteration, and Demolition of

Buildings

Chapter 11-5 Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work

Chapter 11-6 Control of Electrostatic Ignition Sources

Chapter 11-7 Lightning Protection Systems

Section 12 Non-Emergency Fire Department Functions

Chapter 12-1 Planning for Public Fire-Rescue Protection

Chapter 12-2 Organizational Benchmarking and Performance Evaluation

Chapter 12-3 Needs Assessment and Hazard Analysis

Chapter 12-4 Managing Fire-Rescue Departments

Chapter 12-5 Information Management, Computer Technology, and GIS
for Fire Station Locations and Response Protocols

Chapter 12-6 Liability of Fire Service Organizations for Negligent

Firefighting

Chapter 12-7 Understanding and Addressing Discrimination and

Harassment in the Fire Service

Chapter 12-8 Safety, Medical, and Health Issues and Programs

Chapter 12-9 Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and

Protective Equipment

Chapter 12-10 Effect of Building Construction and Fire Protection

Systems on Firefighter Safety

Chapter 12-11 Training Programs for Fire and Emergency Service

Personnel

Chapter 12-12 Fire Rescue Stations and Fire Service Training Centers

Chapter 12-13 Disaster Planning and Response Services

;Chapter 12-14 ;Public Emergency Services Alarm, Dispatch, and

Communications Systems

Chapter 12-15 Pre-Incident Planning for Industrial and Municipal

Emergency Response

Section 13 Fire Department Emergency Operations

Chapter 13-1 Fireground Operations

Chapter 13-2 Organizing Search and Rescue Operations

Chapter 13-3 Emergency Medical Services and the Fire Department

Chapter 13-4 Emergency Vehicles and Equipment

Chapter 13-5 Fire Streams

Chapter 13-6 Alternate Water Supplies

Chapter 13-7 Public Fire Protection and Hazardous Materials
Management

Chapter 13-8 Managing the Response to Hazardous Materials Incidents

Chapter 13-9 Aircraft

Chapter 13-10 Wildland Fire Management

Chapter 13-11 Active Shooter/Hostile Event Operations

Chapter 13-12 Fireground Operations for Energy Storage Systems

Section 14 Detection and Alarm

Chapter 14-1 Fire Alarm and Signaling Systems

Chapter 14-2 Automatic Fire Detectors

Chapter 14-3 Notification Appliances

Chapter 14-4 Fire Alarm System Interconnections

Chapter 14-5 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Fire Alarm and

Signaling Systems

Chapter 14-6 Household Fire Warning Equipment

Chapter 14-7 Fire Protection Surveillance and Security Services

Chapter 14-8 Gas and Vapor Detection Systems and Monitors

Chapter 14-9 Carbon Monoxide Detection

Chapter 14-10 Fuel Gases Detection

Section 15 Water Supplies for Fixed Fire Protection

Chapter 15-1 Fixed Water Storage Supplies for Fire Protection

Chapter 15-2 Water Supply Requirements for Public Supply Systems

Chapter 15-3 Hydraulics for Fire Protection

Chapter 15-4 Water Supplies for Sprinkler Systems

Chapter 15-5 Corrosion in Fire Sprinkler Systems

Chapter 15-6 Fire Pumps

Chapter 15-7 Fire Pump Controllers and Power Supply Arrangements for
Motor-Driven Fire Pumps

Section 16 Water-Based Fire Suppression Equipment

Chapter 16-1 Principles of Automatic Sprinkler System Performance

Chapter 16-2 Automatic Sprinklers

Chapter 16-3 Automatic Sprinkler Systems

Chapter 16-4 Supporting Water-Based Systems

Chapter 16-5 Sprinkler Systems for Storage Facilities

Chapter 16-6 Residential Sprinkler Systems

Chapter 16-7 Ultra-High-Speed Water Spray Systems

Chapter 16-8 Water Mist Fire Suppression Systems

Chapter 16-9 Water Spray Protection

Chapter 16-10 Standpipe and Hose Systems

Chapter 16-11 Care and Maintenance of Water-Based Extinguishing

Systems

Section 17 Fire Suppression Systems and Portable Fire

Extinguishers

Chapter 17-1 Carbon Dioxide and Application Systems

Chapter 17-2 Chemical Extinguishing Agents and Application Systems

Chapter 17-3 Characteristics and Hazards of Water and Water Additives

for Fire Suppression
Chapter 17-4 Foam Extinguishing Agents and Systems

Chapter 17-5 Portable Fire Extinguisher Applications, Use, and

Maintenance

Chapter 17-6 Clean Agents and Systems

Chapter 17-7 Application of Gaseous Agents to Special Hazards Fire

Protection

Chapter 17-8 Explosion Prevention and Protection

Section 18 Confining Fires

Chapter 18-1 Confinement of Fire in Buildings

Chapter 18-2 Interior Finish

Chapter 18-3 Smoke Movement in Buildings

Chapter 18-4 Venting Practices

Chapter 18-5 Firestopping

Chapter 18-6 Deflagration Venting

Section 19 Structural Fire Protection

Chapter 19-1 Fundamentals of Structurally Safe Building Design

Chapter 19-2 Types of Building Construction

Chapter 19-3 Modular Construction

Chapter 19-4 Fire Resistance of Structural Members and Assemblies

Chapter 19-5 Structural Fire Safety in One- and Two-Family Dwellings

Chapter 19-6 Analyzing Structural Fire Damage

Chapter 19-7 Structural Fire Safety Calculation Methods

Section 20 Protecting Occupancies

Chapter 20-1 Assessing Life Safety in Buildings

Chapter 20-2 Board and Care Facilities

Chapter 20-3 Lodging Establishments and University Housing

Chapter 20-4 Apartment Buildings

Chapter 20-5 One- and Two-Family Dwellings

Chapter 20-6 Manufactured Housing

Chapter 20-7 High-Rise Buildings

Chapter 20-8 Assembly Occupancies

Chapter 20-9 Mercantile Occupancies

Chapter 20-10 Business Occupancies

Chapter 20-11 Educational Occupancies

Chapter 20-12 Day-Care Occupancies

Chapter 20-13 Detention and Correctional Occupancies

Chapter 20-14 Health Care Occupancies

Chapter 20-15 Storage Occupancies

Chapter 20-16 Museums, Libraries, and Places of Worship

Chapter 20-17 Industrial Occupancies

Chapter 20-18 Occupancies in Special Structures

Section 21 Transportation Fire Safety

Chapter 21-1 Passenger Vehicle Fires

Chapter 21-2 Fire Safety in Commercial Vehicles

Chapter 21-3 Automotive and Marine Service Station Operations

Chapter 21-4 Alternative Fueled Vehicles and Fueling

Chapter 21-5 Fuel Cell Vehicles

Chapter 21-6 Recreational Vehicles

Chapter 21-7 Fixed Guideway Transit and Light Rail Systems

Chapter 21-8 Rail Transportation Systems

Chapter 21-9 Marine Vessels

Chapter 21-10 Road Tunnels and Bridges