TAJWEED ASSIGNMENT #1
BS PSYCHOLOGY, SPRING 2025
1C
Naheed Zulfiqar (091)
Maira Shahid (121)
Ajiya Khan (125)
Fatima Bashir (217)
Fiza (104)
Q1) What is the meaning of Tajweed, and what is its importance according to the Quran and
Hadith?
- Definition:
The literal definition of Tajweed is “to make better” or “to improve”. The word
comes from Arabic roots, in the context of the Quran, it refers to the set of rules that
help in proper pronunciation and recitation of the Quran with the right articulation
points (Makheij) and characteristics (Sifaat).
- Importance according to Quran & Hadith:
1. According to Quran:
(Surah Muzammil, 73:4)
2. According to Hadith:
Our Beloved Prophet Muhammad (SAW) emphasized the significance of Tajweed
by saying that:
“The best among you are those who learn the Quran and teach it.”
(Shahih Bukhari)
He also said that,
“One who struggles with Quran fluency will be with the noble and righteous
angels, and one who struggles in recitation, stammering, will have double the
reward.” (Shahih Muslim)
Q2) Below is a chart that organizes the Arabic alphabet. It includes the letters, names, and
sounds.
LETTERS NAMES SOUNDS
ا الف Alif
ب با Baa
ت تا Taa
ث ثا Thaa
ج جيم Jiim
ح حا Haa
خ خا Khaa
د دال Daal
ذ ذال Dhaal
ر را Raa
ز زا Zaa
س سيين Seen
ش شين Sheen
ص صاد Saad
ض ضاد Daad
ط طا Twaa
ظ ظا Dhwaa
ع عين Ayn
غ غين Ghain
ف فا Faa
ق قاف Qaaf
ك كاف Kaaf
ل الم Laam
م ميم Meme
ن نون Noon
و واو Wow
ه ها Haa
ء همزا Hamza
ى يا Yaa
Q3) Write the names of the teeth according to Tajweed rules:
Teeth Names:
The human mouth contains a total of 32 teeth, each with a specific name and function in
articulation. These teeth are categorized as follows:
1. Incisors ()ثنایا
• The two upper front teeth are called ( ثنایا علیاupper incisors).
• The two lower front teeth are called ( ثنایا سفلیlower incisors).
• These four teeth are responsible for producing sharp and clear sounds by making
contact with the tongue.
2. Lateral Incisors ()رباعی
• Located next to the central incisors, with two on the right and two on the left, both on
the upper and lower jaw.
• These help in forming certain sounds that require partial contact with the tongue.
3. Canines ()انیاب
• These are the pointed teeth next to the lateral incisors, with two on the upper jaw and
two on the lower jaw.
• They are also known as cuspids and play a minor role in articulation.
4. First Premolars ()ضواحک
• These are located next to the canines and assist in forming sounds that require
pressure on the tongue.
5. Second Premolars ()طواحن
• Also known as the main premolars, there are 12 in total (three on the upper right,
three on the upper left, three on the lower right, and three on the lower left).
• These are used indirectly in articulation and mainly serve a functional role in
chewing.
6. Molars ()نواجذ
• The last set of teeth, also known as wisdom teeth, consisting of four in total.
• While they do not contribute significantly to articulation, they complete the structure
of the mouth.
Q4) Explain the five points in Articulation.
The locations in the mouth and throat where certain letters are uttered are known as the five
sites of articulation ( )مخارج الحروفin Arabic. Accurately differentiating Arabic letter sounds
is made easier by these articulation points. The five primary points are as follows:
1. Al-Jawf (:) الجوفThe Oral Cavity's Empty Space
This is the empty area in the throat and mouth where some lengthy sounds (madd
letters) come from. Letters that are used as long vowels are ( اAlif), Έ (Waw), and Ί (Ya).
2. Al-Halq, or The Throat ()الحلق
There are three parts to the throat:
• Deep throat: ( ءHamza), ·( ـHaa')
• Middle throat: ( عAin), ( حHaa') ()وسط الحلق
• Upper throat: ( غGhain), ( خKhaa') ()أدنى الحلق
3. The Tongue, Al-Lisan ()اللسان
The majority of Arabic sounds are produced by the tongue, with various parts of the tongue
forming distinct letters:
• Near the soft palate, the deep tongue is ( قQaf).
• Roof-touching back of tongue: ( كKaf)
• The consonants "( "جJeem), "( "شSheen), and "Ί" (Ya) touch the roof in the middle of
the tongue.
• The tongue's edges that touch the molars: ( ضDhad)
• Touching the front teeth with the tip of the tongue: ( تTa), ( دDal), ( طTaa)
• Touching the back of the front teeth with the tip of the tongue: ( ثThaa), ( ذDhal), ظ
(Zaa)
• Near the front, the tip of the tongue touches the roof: ( رRaa)
• Between the top and lower front teeth, the tongue tip s ( سSeen), ( زZay), and ص
(Saad).
4. The Lips of Ash-Shafatain ()الشفتان
The following sounds are produced by the lips:
• Touching both lips: ( بBa), ( مMeem)
• Lower lip in contact with upper teeth: ( فFa)
• Waw as a consonant: (وrounded lips for "Waw" consonant)
5. Al-Khayshoom, or the Nasal Cavity ()الخیشوم
Ghunnah, or nasalisation, occurs in this nasal canal in:
• Shaddah with ( نnoon)
• Shaddah with ( مMeem)
Accurate pronunciation of Arabic letters and appropriate Tajweed ( )تجويدdepend on these five
articulation points.
Point Of
Articulation Letters
Al-Jawf ()الجوف ي, و,ا
Al-Halq ()الحلق ء, خ, غ, ح, ع,هـ
Al-Lisan ()اللسان , ض, ي, ش, ج, ك,ق
, ر, ظ, ذ, ث, ط, د,ت
ص, ز,س
Ash-Shafatain و, ف, م,ب
()الشفتان
Al-Khayshoom م,ن
()الخيشوم
Q5) Write a chart showing the articulation points of each letter.
ا
From empty part of the mouth
ب
By closing the two lips together
ت
Touch the tip of the tongue against the
palatal mucosa of the upper central incisor
ث
Touch the tip of the tongue against the tip of
the upper central incisors
ج
Touch the middle of the tongue to the upper
palate.
ح
the middle part of the throa
خ
The upper part of the throat
د
Touch the tip of the tongue against the
palatal mucosa of the upper central incisors
ذ
Touch the tip of the tongue against the tip of
the upper central incisors
ر
Touch the tip of the tongue against the
palatal mucosa
ز
Touch the tip of the tongue and the edge of
the front lower incisors
س
Touch the tip of the tongue and the edge of
the front lower incisors
ش
Touch the middle of the tongue to the upper
palate
ص
Touch the tip of the tongue and the edge of
the front lower incisors
ض
Touch the side of the tongue to the molars
ط
Touch the tip of the tongue against the
palatal mucosa of the upper central incisors
ظ
Touch the tip of the tongue against the tip of
the upper central incisors
ع
The middle part of the throat
غ
The upper part of the throat
ف
Touch the inner part of the lower lip against
the upper central incisors
ق
Touch inner part of the tongue against the
roof of the mouth right at the back
ك
Touch inner part of the tongue against the
roof of the mouth right at the back
ل
Touch the tip of the tongue to the upper
gums near roots of teeth
م
By closing the two lips together
ن
Touch the tip of the tongue to the palatal
mucosa
From empty part of the mouth و
The lower part of the throat ه
The lower part of the throat ء
Touch the middle of the tongue to the upper ی
palate
