DefiED ww Key Features of the Strengthened Senior High School Program March 13, 2025The K-12 SHS Graduate The SHS Curriculum, as part of the K to 12 Program, aims to produce graduates who have the follo\ A holistically developed; > equipped with 21* century skills learning and innovation life and career communication © information media and technology; and prepared for the future, be it in pursuit of higher education or acquisition of middle-level skills, or geared towards employment or entrepreneurship. ‘Republic Act No. 10533,The SHS program has not .-.but we have made yet reached its vision for the some progress. We want to build K to 12 graduates... on these small wins. Congested Curriculum & Cognitive Mismatch Excessive number of competencies limit instructional depth (ACTRC, 2021). Improved Hiring Outlook 4 out of companies are open to hiring SHS graduates, an improvement from 3 out of in 2018 (BEd, 2024), overworked Students and Teachers Instructional and homework time exceeds global stancaras (Dabbay et al, 2028). oe = ‘he sks program boosted enaiment omong Isto? year-olds by is wih the highest serene eome gage on 28) Low Labor Participation Ducanes & Ocampo, 2018). 10% of SHS compieters enter the worklarce, ‘mostly in informal jobs (Bersales, 2024). eee eee Seat Sat oe dents a ear oranca ne ent econo, rary he epee te maga one Sse (C8) EAA TEL PPT ee aE ES Sa Ber se eRe er 2 Page SenAseten neHarness the Totality of the Filipino Dstey ww ¢ Empower graduates for employment * Decongest the SHS curriculum * Enhance work immersion program for SHS learners Fund and support the assessment and certification of our SHS-TVL graduates “Our system of education must be strategically calibrated to make sure that our youth are not only taught to become literate; but, it must also consciously develop them into problem-solvers, and into critical thinkers - hungry for success and ready for the future!” ~ President Ferdinand Marcos, Jr. during his 3 State of the Nation AddressUpdating the SHS Curriculum requires upgrading the whole system to ensure seamless and effective implementation ete WO Learning Delivery & Assessment ‘Updoted Instructional Design Framework court gpa, asaeurent statis ond igsson exemplars Teachor Support eating on Advocai “4 jon contant, ppedogogy, and skis sector-ige sat communication about the rotor Responsive Financing Learning Resources ‘locating MOOE ond Qualty-ossured Support fonds based ‘CURRICULUM ‘equipment and fon actual needs estan relotonces Governance Career Guidance Interagency collaboration Fits ope stam. ct iblespvte porters LANOAS Toot incttymkoges Stipportor cass isn, parents, ana students Pilot implementation eacinees framework for schoolsVi & @ © + & ok ion for the Reform Streamlining tracks and subjects to enhance clarity and efficiency. Expanding student choice to align education with individual aspirations Enhancing employability by aligning education with industry needs. Establishing stackable and seamless learning pathways for continued academic and career growth:ebeD Vision for the Reform Streamiining ‘Sxpanding student Enhancing Establishing stackable and tracks and subjects chelee to alan ‘employability by ‘seamless eating pathways toennanee clarty ‘education with ‘aligning education {orcontinued academic and ond efficiency, Individual aspirations withindusty needs. career growth, v Key Features of the Strengthened Senior High School Program 1. Reduction of tracks from 4 to 2 2. Reduction of the required subjects 3. Streamlining the number of core subjects, academic electives, and techpro electives 4, Replacing strands with ‘clusters’ of electives 5. Introduction of a "doorway option” where learners can take 2 elective subjects from the other track 6. Revised time allotment per subject 7. Extension of Work Immersion hours from 80 hours to 320 hours, and 320 hours to 640 hours@ Reduction of tracks from 4 to 2 Students interested in Arts & Design (A&D) and Sports will take the Academic track instead, and choose A&D/S “electives”. Teachers who were previously teaching specialized and applied subjects under Arts & Design Track and Sports Track will now teach “electives” that are related to Arts & Design and Sports, which are all under the academic track. Current 4 Tracks Proposed 2 Tracks Academic Techrical-Vocational- Academic aM sre Huss cas Livelihood -> Sports ‘ts and Design Technical Professional (Techro)@ Reduction of the required subjects reo WO Students are now required to complete 7-20 subjects to finish the SHS program, down from the previous 31 subjects. This includes 4 core subjects and 4-7 electives including work immersion or a capstone project (estimate count but may change depending on the schools’ class program). 25 HOURS PER WEEK Current Proposed 311 Total of SHS Subjects 7 to ZO Total of SHS Subjects 15 Core 4 Core *Delvered for on smestor (0 hours) =>: “Delivered for one year (160 hous) 7 Applied Electives and WI 16 Academic Track (16 eadanic Eecives) 9 Specialized Syadzlzstin abies LO Academic Track with Doorway (Cross-track) (G cad Bective +1 Teco Bete + 1) 1B TechPro Track (Texto Bectves+ 1 Wek Immersion) 5 TechPro Track with Doorway (Cross-track) (@Techiro Elects +2 Read tives) + 1WEQ) Reduction of the required subjects oe 15 Current SHS Core Subjects 4 Proposed Core Subjects sommunicati focdiig onl iting Sls Effective Communication 20" Cantury Uterature rom the Phiippines and the World for Flipinos} Meat and information Literacy Mabisang Komunikasyon Komunikasyon ot Parana 2a Wika at Kuiturang Filipino Fagbosa ot Pagsurngibat-bang Tetst Tungo sa Penanltsk [Eee © lite Physical Edveation (Fness, ports, Dance, Recreational Skills Activities) [HOPE => General Mathematics ‘Statistics and Probabiity Integrated Science Earth and Life Science (tor STEM: Earth Science) and Mathematics Physical Science (or STEN Disaster and Risk Reduction in Society Management) Understanding Cuture,Poltics,and Society Bag-corniin ‘Contemporary Philippine Arts fram the Regions ee Introduction to Philosophy ofthe Human Person/Pambungad at Lipunang Pitino saPiosopiyarng Tao 1 fr oon onWhowill teach the core subjects? Core Subject Teachers Effective Communication for Filipinos | Mabisang Komunikasyon English and Filipino Teachers Personal Development, Life Skills Physical Education, Values Education Teachers Integrated Science and Mathematics in Society Math and Science Teachers Social Science TeachersStreamlining the number of core subjects, academic electives, and techpro electives Core: The key competencies from related core subjects have been merged, reducing the original 15 core subjects to just 4. These core subjects will now be offered throughout the entire year instead of being limited to a single semester. Academic electives: Subjects with competencies already covered in JHS were removed. Techpro electives: Electives that are no longer offered by TESDA were removed. Asequence of subjects will be released to clearly identify pre-requisite subjects.veh WG @ Replacing strands with "clusters" of electives Previously, students needed to take specialized subjects based on their strands. In the new model, students can take any electives from any cluster of subjects. Schools may now offer a variety of electives that are not tied to specific “strands.” A draft clustering of electives can be found in Annex A. POSSIBLE CLUSTERS OF ACADEMIC ELECTIVES * Arts, Social Sciences, and Humanities * Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) * Sports, Health, and Wellness * Business and EntrepreneurshipList of Possible Academic Clusters PSS SETS Uo UL + Arts Apprenticeship and Production + Filipino sa Isports > (*rerequste: Al At Related Subjects) + Filipino sa Sining at Disenyo © Theater Arts.» Literary Arts + Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person © Dance» Visual Art, Media Art, Applied Art, + Leadership and Management in the Arts © Music ‘and Traditional Art + Malikhaing Pagsulat * Creative Industries (Visual, Literary, Media, ** Philippine Governance, Citizenship, and Civic ‘Applied, and Traditional Arts) Engagement + Creative Industries (Music, Dance, and Theater) «= Research Methods + Creative Writing ++ The Social Sciences in Theory and Practice '* Cultivating Filipino Identity Through the Arts '* Wika at Komunikasyon sa Akademikong Filipino + Design and InnovationList of Possible Academic Clusters EST Urs) rete aL) PCat ei ml Engineering, and Mathematics + Basic Accounting ‘+ Business Finance and Income Taxation + Contemporary Marketing and Business Economics Design and Innovation + Entrepreneurship « Introduction to ‘Organization and Management ‘+ Research Methods ‘Introduction to Human Movement * Design and Innovation + Exercise and Sports Programming + Physical Education: Fitness and Recreation + Physical Education: Sports and Dance + Research Methods + Safety and First Aid + Sports Coaching * Sports Officiating * Sports Activity Management ‘+ Work Immersion (In-Campus) + Work Immersion (Off-Campus) ‘Advanced Mathematics 1 - 2 Biology 1 - 2 Biology 3 - 4 Chemistry 1 - 2 Chemistry 3 - 4 Design and Innovation Earth and Space Science 1 - 2 Earth and Space Science 3 - 4 Empowerment Technologies Finite Mathematics Fundamentals of Data Analytics and Management General Mathematics 1 - 2 General Science 1 - 2 General Science 3-4 ++ Pre-Caloulus 1-2 + Physics 1 = 2 * Physics 3-4 ‘+ Research Methods ‘+ Trigonometry 1 = 2List of Possible TechPro Clusters TO eu eer ot) PU nag Us Technology (ICT) (AFA) + Animation “+ Agricultural Crops Production ‘+ Computer Programming (.NET Technology) '* Agro-Entrepreneurship ‘+ Computer Programming (Java) * Aquaculture '* Computer Programming (Oracle Database) '* Fish Capture Operation + Computer Systems Servicing '* Food Processing '* Contact Center Services '* Organic Agriculture Production * Illustration '* Poultry Production — Chicken = Visual Graphic Design + Ruminants Production ‘= Swine ProductionList of Possible TechPro Clusters ¥ Family and Consumer Science (FCS) Pastel + Aesthetic Services ++ Automotive Servicing (Engine and Chassis) + Bakery Operations ‘+ Automotive Servicing (Electrical) '* Caregiving (Adult Care) + Carpentry . '* Caregiving (Child Care) . Construction Operations - © Events Management Services '* Domestic Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning ‘+ Food and Beverages Operation (DomRAC) Servicing + Driving and Automotive Servicing ‘Electrical Installation Maintenance + Electronic System Servicing ‘+ Manual Metal Arc Welding + Garments Artisanry ‘+ Hairdressing Services + Handicraft (Weaving) + Hotel Operations (Front Office Services) «© Hotel Operations (Housekeeping Services) oe ome + kitchen Operations + Motorcycle and Small Engine Servicing + Tourism Services + Photovoltaic System Instalation ‘+ Commercial Air-Conditioning Installation and Servicing ++ Technical DraftingList of Possible TechPro Clusters * Marine Engineering at the Support Level (MESL) + Marine Transportation at the Support Level * Ships Catering ServicesIntroduction of a “doorway option” Dehn where learners can take 2 elective subjects from the other track Every student is required to choose a track by Grade 11 but they may opt to take 1-2 electives from the other track. aeRO c—— —) re doorways between —— CCS6) Revised time allotment per subject Proposed time allotment: * Core = 160 hours offered in one year/two semesters * Academic electives = 80 hours offered in one semester * Grade 11 TechPro electives = 320 hours in one year * Grade 12 TechPro electives = 320 hours in one semesterExtension of Work Immersion hours from 80 hours to 320 hours, and 320 hours to 640 hours If Work Immersion will be offered on consecutive days, 8 hours per day, students will be in work immersion for 1-2 quarters. Work immersion will be required for learners in the TechPro track and optional for learners in the Academic track. Work Ez 20M | 80 to 320 hours Immersion Hours Hoa 320 to 640 hoursSelection of Pilot SchoolsOperational Plan for Selection of Pilot Schools DefeD ww Communication of the Reform March 17-19, 2025 and Confirmation of Interest 1.Regional Offices 2.ROs, SDOs, and schools (ROs) cascade key SHS coordinate to identify reforms to schools school heads interested to ee oe, division offices (SDOs) participate in the pilot Bice and schools using based on the initial ee materials provided by presentation of the key the Central Office. features and list of subjects. Outputs: * List of interested schools per divisionOperational Plan for Selection of Pilot Schools Initial Planning based on teaching complement and learning resources 3, School heads of interested ‘schools determine: a.Howmanyteacherscan | teach core subjects e ’b. What electives can be offered by the schoo! spay, Sehedls should ony offer -Q% soctives quoted teacher ore cveioble. The output of this exercise is the lst of teachers and the subjects that they can teach, 4.F1om the ist of electives with available teachers, school heads check ifthey have ‘he appropriate learning resources. Schodl lea consider the ovate g Industries that wil be potential partners ‘Sev nmmersion nenossng te Teeter eacives thot they wif, VU ekisieatiyinonaraa ‘The resulting lst of electives will serve as ‘the “indicative list of electives’. Outputs: * List of teachers and the subjects + Indicative list of Electives that they can teach per school 5. Schools prepare a sample class program to help ‘stakeholders visualize the possible schedule of ‘students and teachers, = Sample class program peter WO March 19-21, 2025 Next PhaseOperational Plan for Selection of Pilot Schools DefieD ww Pathways Guidance and preparing March 24-28, 2025 the learners’ plan of study 6. School heads conduct an 7. Schoo! heads 8. tor the orientation, students orientation of parents and document and relay to ‘are given Tweek to accomplish learners covering the Regional Office any the Landas Toolkit to help them Key Features, Indicative lst feedback and/or choose their tracks and G62 of Electives, and Sample concerns from the electives based on the schoot's Class Program ‘stakeholders. “indicative ist of electives” 9. School heads summarize 10. Based on the available number of teachers and the their students’ preferences preferences of the students, the sehool can generate: Mere ‘and reconcile the same with * Complete list of subjects that they can ottfar for SY 2025-2026 their “list of teachers and the + Draft class program for SY 2025-2026 Grade 11 Phase subjects that they can teach. + Draft teacher workload for $¥ 2025-2026 Grade Il and 12 + Landas Toolkit Outputs which includes» Finallistof__ Draftclass _—_» Dratt teachers Outputs: » eran ot Study perleaner Electives per” program iors" workood for SY ee school 2028-2028 2025-2028Operational Plan for Selection of Pilot Schools DefeD @ Selection of recommended March 31-April 1, 2025 pilot schools 11. Schootheads submit their report to the 12. The Regional office Regional Offices. The report should cover. should review the reports + Anarrative on their planning process from the school and from + List of subjects that they wil fer the inputs determine their * Dratt class program for SY 2025-2026 region's pilot schools. + Drait teachers’ workload for sy 2026-2026 + Other concems/feedback ‘on the new curriculum Outputs: + Report per school + Final ist of recommended pilot schools per regionLandas ToolkitAnnex D / Landas Toolkit for SHS Plan of Study What is the Landas Toolkit? Preparing for the Futures through Multiple Career Pathways Landas (Filipino for "pathway’) is a comprehensive toolkit designed to help high school learners with the support of their teachers and parents make informed career decisions. It guides learners in navigating career choices, education tracks, and future opportunities through futures literacy, while fostering adaptability, resilience, and a stronger sense of agency. The kit includes: * Career maps * Course Catalog © Plan of Study By equipping learners with tools for long-term thinking and decision-making, Landas encourages them to shape their ‘own futures responsibly, with courage and care.Annex D / Landas Toolkit for SHS Plan of Study What will it look like? Proposed Learner Outputs 4) Imagining multiple pathways and futures * Day ina Life 7A) Exploring trends and opportunities aren pe aone ED Making decisions amidst uncertainty + Decision Tree Z® Planning with purpose and intention en oe ioe ea I-@ Adapting to change «* Challenge ReflectionAnnex D / Landas Toolkit for SHS Plan of Study Sample/Proposed Course Catalog The Course Catalog includes a student-friendly version of the Acad and TechPro electives. * What | will learn * Jobs I can explore * Futures I can envision ARTS APPREt PRODUCTION: Dance What! wit oaen ee Sera aoe =a ae oeAnnex D / Landas Toolkit for SHS Plan of Study Sample/Proposed Plan of Study The Plan of Study includes: * Learner's Information * Learners’ Plan of Study (which includes the school’s indicative list of electives) * Teacher's AssessmentSummarized Sample Class ProgramsAnnex A / Sample Class Programs / Summary Sample Class Program 1: Pure Academic Track Career Pathway: Engineering ours Grade 11 Grade 12 1 Semester 2r4 Semester cd 204 Semester 1 Effective Communication for Filipinos Research Methods | Design and Tnovation 2 “Integrated Scence and Mathematisin Society Trigonometry 1 “TWigonometry 2 a Pag-aaral ng Kasaysayan at Upunang Pilipino Chemistry 1 ‘Chemistry 2 4 le sis Safety and Fst Ald Finite Mathematics 5 Physics Physics 2 Physics 3 Physics 4 6 Advanced Mathematics 1 | Advanced Mathematics 2| Entrepreneurship Politics and Governance 7.) Homeroom Guance Program Hemeraam Guidance Program Homeroom Guidance Program Hemeroam Guidance Program 25 hours per week (16 Acad Electives)Annex A / Sample Class Programs / Summary Sample Class Program 2: Academic Track Career Pathway: Engineering, Architecture h Doorway Corr Grade 12 ead ea od ead 1 Effective Communication for Filipinos a a eee ‘Technical Drafting Construction Operations 3 ag-aara ng Kasaysayan a Lipunang Pilipino Cd comemy ‘ Life skis 5 Physics Physics 2 Physics 3 Physics 4 6 Advanced Mathematics 1 | Advanced Mathematics 2 Pre-Calculus 1 Pre-Calculus 2 7, | Homeroom Guidses Program | Homeroom Guidance Program | Homeroom Guidance Program | Homeroom Guidance Pragram 25 hours per week (10 electives = § Acad + 2 TechPro)Annex A / Sample Class Programs / Summary Sample Class Program 4: Academic Track with Doorway Career Pathway: Entrepreneur Grade 12 1 ective Commnication fer Flpinos 2 |—_Imegrated Snead Mather in Soxety 3 Pag-aral ng Kasaysayan at Lipunang Pilipino ‘ le state S| General Mathematics 1 |General Mathematics 2 © Basic Accounting | todo fo Organization 7 | Femerom Gases Program | Homeroom Gudince raram “Tourism Services (320 hours) Finite Mathematics Entrepreneurship Homeroom Guidance Program | Homeroom Guidance Program 25 hours per week (8 electives = 6 Acad + 1 TechPro + 1 W1)Annex A / Sample Class Programs / Summary ae Sample Class Program 5: Pure TechPro Track Carer Grade 12 Semester eed eed Eel 1 Effective Communication for Filipinos 2 Integrated Science and Mathematics in Society ene cretion 2 ‘Pag-aaral ng Kasaysayan at Lipunang Pilipino Ci ‘Work Immersion a Life Stile ‘Kitchen Operations (320 hours) 7. | Homeroom Guidance Program | Homeroom Guidance Program | Homeroom Gudance Program | Homeroom Guidance Program 25 hours per week (2 electives = 2 TechPro +1 W1)‘Annex A / Sample Class Programs / Summary defen Sample Class Program 6: TechPro with Doorway Grade 11 Erery cd 1 Effective Communication for Filipinos 2 Integrated Science and Mathematicsin Sodely | rgg4 and Baverage Services 5 Pag-aaral ng Kasaysayan at Lipunang Pilipino (320 hours) 4 aa ‘Work Immersion 5 ‘creative Writing Kitchen Operations (620 hours) Introduction to Organization a ‘and Management 7 | Homercom Guidance Program | Homeroom Guidance Program | Homeroom Guidance Program | Homereom Guidance Program 25 hours per week (5 electives = 2 Acad + 2 TechPro +1 WI)List of Core Subjects with DescriptionList of Core Subjects with Description ee GRADE Il EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION FOR FILIPINOS Effective Communication for Filipinos is a core subject undertaken by all GIl learners. its aim is to enhance the capacity of leamers to communicate effectively and strategically in visual, spoken, written, and muttimodal forms, in ways that are appropriate for purpose, audience and context. It embraces communication in both traditional and digital media, and stresses both the receptive and expressive components of communication. t recognizes the importance of communication in a variety of contexts, including personal, social, workplace and academic contexts. This subject conceives of language as a repertoire of meaning-making resources, rather than a set of ‘syntactical/semantic constructs that exist outside of real-world contexts. Its focus is on communicative competence, rather than linguistic accuracy. in this subject, the languages of Flipino and English, and indeed mother tongue languages, Gre resources to draw upon, strategically and flexibly, to ensure communication is effective for the situation at hand, Teachers will ensure an approximate 50:50 use of Flipino and English in communicative events, including ‘assessment tasks. Increasingly, learners will be asked to choose and justify the language appropriate for the context. Inevitably, there will be opportunities for translanguaging. in short, the use of languages in this subject reflects the reality of bilingual/ multilingual communication in the Philippines today.ote EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION FOR FILIPINOS (CONT.) ‘The content of the subject has been organized into four communication domains of relevance to all learners: the local, the national, the global and the future. The learning over the four quarters has been structured to reflect a shift from local to global thinking, from contemporary to future perspectives. Each quarter includes a range of ‘suggested’ communicative events, but teachers may vary these activities as appropriate for their class. Some communicative events will need to be scaffolded for all or some learners. As its name suggests, Effective Communication for Filipinos provides opportunities to further develop 2ist century skill, in accordance with the Department of Education 2ist Century Skils Framework (below), particularly but not ‘exclusively those skills related to communication. By the end of the course, learners will be able to: * adapt and use communication strategies, including choice of language, as appropriate for purpose, ‘audience, and context, demonstrating intercultural sensitivity, * engage confidently in various communicative events, applying conventions, language, and structure appropriately and effectively; * utilize digital tools and platforms responsibly to enhance communication effectiveness; * and reflect on their communication strengths and areas for improvement, applying feedback to refine their skils for real-world application.Deter INTEGRATED SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS IN SOCIETY ‘The Integrated Science and Mathematics in Society uses an interdisciplinary approach to provide all Grade 11 leamers with the opportunity to consolidate the learning of foundational concepts and skills in science and mathematics by applying them to the real-world phenomena such as human health and disease, climate change, natural disasters, technological advancements, and sustainability. This course allows learners to explore and offer ways to enhance life in the 2Ist Century. PAG-AARAL NG KASAYSAYAN AT LIPUNANG PILIPINO Nakatuon ang kursong ito sa masusing pag-aaral (pagsusuri) ng mga piling isyu at usaping pangkasaysayan at panlipunan tungkol sa pag-usbong at pag-uniad rng lipunang Pil tematiko, multikultural, at inte pagpapahalaga ng mga mag-aaral sa kasaysayan, Kultura, ekenomiya, at politika ng lipunang Pilipino Upang mapaigting at maitaguyod ang kahusayang pansibiko na mahalaga sa pagiging isang mapanagutang mamamayan ng Pilipinas at ng daigdig. LIFE SKILLS. This course aims to equip the learner with essential skills highlighting personal, physical, social, and career competencies preparing for a meaningful transition to various pathways. It focuses on the interconnectedness of the science of personal development, health and wellness, and career readiness that enable leamers to develop self-determination, leadership, adaptability, and resilience to act responsibly in the workplace and community.List of Academic Electives and TechPro Electives with DescriptionCourse Description for Academic Electives‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY ARTS APPRENTICESHIP AND PRODUCTION (*Prerequisite: all Arts-related Subjects) (THEATER ARTS) ‘This course offers an intensive period of acquiring, understanding, and developing proficiency in theater arts through hands-on training in available theater organizations, arts entrepreneurs, relevant government offices, arts centers, production houses, independent artists, arts entrepreneurs, and community-based art/cultural groups. It intends to. enrich the learner's skills in his/her chosen field emphasizing Filipino artistic cultural values, work ethics and traditions ‘while contributing to local and global creative theater industries. As a culminating project, production and research ‘components ofthe course prepare learners to exhibit creative output using the skils learned during their apprenticeship period, emphasizing contextualized art forms, artistic, educational, cultural values, and work ethies while embracing technological advancements In the industry. (DANCE) ‘This course offers an intensive period of acquiring, understanding, and developing proficiency in dance through hands ‘on training and dance technique classes in available dance organizations and/or businesses, dance centers, production houses, independent artists, community-based art/cultural groups, and other dance production activities, It intends to enrich the learner's skills in his/her chosen field, emphasizing Filipino artistic cultural values, work ethics, and traditions ‘hile contributing to local and global creative dance industries. As a culminating projec, production and research components of the course prepare students to exhibit creative outputs using the skills learned during their apprenticeship period, emphasizing contextualized art forms, artistic, educational, cultural values, and work ethics.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY ARTS APPRENTICESHIP AND PRODUCTION (CONT.) (music) This course offers an intensive period of acquiring, understanding, and developing proficiency in music through hands ‘on training in available music organizations and/or businesses, art centers, production houses, independent artists, and ‘community-based art/cultural groups. It intends to enrich the learners skilsin his/her chosen field, emphasizing Filipino artistic cultural values, work ethics, and traditions while contributing to local and global creative music industries. As a culminating project, the course's production and artistic research components prepare students to exhibit creative ‘output using the skills learned during their apprenticeship period, emphasizing contextualized musical forms, artistic, educational, cultural values, and work ethics while embracing technological advancements in the industry. (LITERARY ARTS) ‘This course guides learners into the process of iterary writing for various media. It seeks to expose the learners to a variety of writing and literary genres, offering a wide range of career options through practices in teary art production ‘and exhibition, This course similarly emphasizes the conceptualizatio, creation, and production of small-scale Iterary projects where leamers will engage in the processes of creative writing and research skis, aiming to develop their ‘creative, technical, and collaborative work skls relevant to production and exhibition‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY ARTS APPRENTICESHIP AND PRODUCTION (CONT.) (VISUAL ART, MEDIA ART, APPLIED ART, AND TRADITIONAL ART) ‘The course offers an intensive period of acquiring, understanding, and developing proficiency in visual arts, applied arts, traditional art, and multimedia arts through hands-on training in available art organizations, art centers, production houses, independent artists/designers, community-based art/cultural groups. It intends to ‘enrich the learner's knowledge and skill in his/her chosen field with a focus on artistic development, cultural appreciation, and professional work ethics with the integration of creativity and technical proficiency, preparing students for real-world applications in the creative arts industry. As a culminating production project, students will produce and present creative works that showcase the skills, knowledge, and values focusing on contextualized art forms, cultural significance, and professional standards.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY CREATIVE INDUSTRIES (VISUAL, LITERARY, MEDIA, APPLIED, AND TRADITIONAL ARTS) ‘The course serves as a foundation that provides inquiry into the industries of selected art disciplines: visual, literary, media, applied, and/or traditional arts. It highlights diverse art styles, forms, genres, and venues on varied mediums, techniques, principles, significant artists, works, and processes with applications of relevant art skills in line with and global contexts. CREATIVE INDUSTRIES (MUSIC, DANCE, AND THEATER) The course serves as a foundation that provides inquiry into the industries of selected performing arts disciplines, including music, dance, or theater arts by evaluating the diverse range of activities, practices, stakeholders, and institutions that contribute to the creation, production, presentation, promotion, and ‘consumption of the respective creative outputs with an emphasis on the relevant laws and regulations, ‘economic and practical application of arts skils in the local and global markets. CREATIVE WRITING This course aims to inspire and equip students with the knowledge, skills, and confidence to become successful creators of original and impactful creative works helping them develop their own unique voices and storytelling abilities.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY CULTIVATING FILIPINO IDENTITY THROUGH THE ARTS This course explores Philippine indigenous and traditional arts as cultural symbols that reflect and preserve Filipino identity, history, and heritage. Through a critical examination of performing and visual art forms— including music, dance,’ theater, visual arts, literary arts, and architecture, learners analyze their historical, cultural, and social contexts, emphasizing their role in shaping national identity and fostering nationalism. The course ‘highlights the significance of community-based artistic practices, the challenges to cultural preservation, and the importance of innovation in sustaining indigenous and traditional arts. By engaging with ic elements, principles, and mediums, learners will create performances and artistic works that integrate local materials, traditional ‘processes, and contemporary applications. Ultimately, this course cultivates an appreciation for Philippine arts as a means of heritage preservation, cultural continuity, and creative ‘expression in the modern world. DESIGN AND INNOVATION This course allows learners to explore the design thinking process while enhancing skills in collaboration, critical thinking, creative problem- solving and communication. The project may be based on the recommendations from the published output in Research to address real-world problems and communicate solutions to the communi‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY FILIPINO SA ISPORTS Nakatuon ang kursong ito sa kritikal na pag-unawa, pagsusuri, at pagsulat ng iba't ibang sulating pang-isports na angkop sa interes ng mga mag-aaral gamit ang akademikong Filipino sa pagbuo ng panukalang plano na ‘tumutugon sa pangangailangan sa komunidad. FILIPINO SA SINING AT DISENYO Nakatuon ang kurso sa kritikal na pag-unawa, pagsusuri, at pagpapahalaga sa Sining at Disenyo gamit ang komunikatibong Filipino. INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON. This subject introduces the nature of philosophy as a way of thinking by exploring key philosophical questions land topics about the human person. Learners develop critical thinking, problem-solving, reflective thinking, and decision-making skills to gain a deeper understanding of the human person and their relationships with ‘others in the world, and to promote human and social flourishing.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT IN THE ARTS ‘The course covers basic concepts and processes of leadership and management in the arts. Learners are introduced to the management of arts production through collaborative and experiential learning. Furthermore, the course emphasizes the value of building partnerships and linkages in sustaining arts organizations and thelr practices, MALIKHAING PAGSULAT Nakatuon ang kurso sa pag-aaral at pagsasanay sa malikhaing pagsulat ng tula at maikling kuwento gamit ang wikang Filipino at/o iba pang wika sa Plipinas. Nakapaloob sa kurso ang mahahalagang yugto sa pagkatha— mula sa paglinang sa mga bukal ng idea't inspirasyon at pagsusulat ng unang borador, hanggang sa pagsasagawa ng palihan at rebisyon. PHILIPPINE GOVERNANCE, CITIZENSHIP, AND CIVIC ENGAGEMENT This course immerses the students to the basic concepts and vital elements of governance from an institutional perspectives and application of community-action initiatives such as community engagement, solidarity, and citizenship as guided by the core values of human rights, social justice, empowerment and advocacy, gender equality, and participatory development. It enables the students to demonstrate sense of shared identity and willingness to contribute to the pursuit of the common good of the community.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY RESEARCH METHODS This course builds on the research writing skills introduced in Effective Communication for Filipinos by ‘equipping learners with critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. By the end of the course, leamers will publish a completed research paper that demonstrates an appreciation for and ethical considerations in research and provides a thorough understanding of the research process. ‘THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN THEORY AND PRACTICE ‘The course introduces students to basic concepts, approaches, and methods in the disciplines that comprise the Social Sciences. It discusses influential thinkers and ideas in these disciplines and relates these ideas to the Philippine setting and current global trends. The course then introduces some Applied Social Sciences which draw their foundation from the theories and principles discussed. It highlights the intersections between the social science disciplines and the applied social sciences while focusing on social development concerns. WIKA AT KOMUNIKASYON SA AKADEMIKONG FILIPINO Nakatuon ang kursong ito sa mga katangian at pag-unlad ng wikang Filipino para sa mabisang pagdidiskurso sa iba’t ibang disiplina.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY BASIC ACCOUNTING This course provides learners with a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts of accounting. It covers key topics such as the Accounting Cycle of a Service Business and a Merchandising Business and applies accounting concepts in real-world business scenarios. BUSINESS FINANCE AND INCOME TAXATION, This course covers the key concepts, underlying principles, processes, and challenges within the scope of business and finance, including its application on decision-making, analysis, interpretation, and strategy formulation derived from various business environment and financial reports, considering the impact of income. taxation with application of ethical standards and one’s personal financial experiences and practices. CONTEMPORARY MARKETING AND BUSINESS ECONOMICS This course equips learners with an essential foundation in marketing, integrating traditional principles and digital platform strategies. It emphasizes customer-centric, data-driven decision-making, while teaching learners to analyze ‘consumer behavior, create effective campaigns, and incorporate sustainable ethical practices. By the end of the course, learners will be able to present a marketing plan that meets business goals, targets the right audience, and Uses effective strategies. This course covers the key concepts, underlying principles and practices in business economics and its application in ‘current trends and issues. It emphasizes the application of these concepts in addressing contemporary business challenges and responding to global economic trends and issues.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY ENTREPRENEURSHIP This course introduces learners to the fundamental concepts and skills development in entrepreneurship. It focuses on identifying business opportunities, developing innovative solutions, and creating feasible business ideas. By the end of the course, learners will implement and evaluate a business plan that addresses the needs, of the community. INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT This course is designed to introduce the leamers the basic concepts, principles, and processes related to business organization, functional areas of management, and practices of ethical standards in the context of accountability and social responsibilty of a business enterprise, RESEARCH METHODS, This course builds on the research writing skills introduced in Effective Communication for Filipinos by ‘equipping learners with critical thinking and problem-solving ablities. By the end of the course, learners wil publish a completed research paper that demonstrates an appreciation for and ethical considerations in research and provides a thorough understanding of the research process.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN MOVEMENT This course covers the basic structure and function of the human body, integrating principles of motor control, learning, development, and their relevance to fitness, exercise, and health, and current trends in movement assessment to optimize the performance of learners with various needs and skill levels. DESIGN AND INNOVATION This course allows leamers to explore the design thinking process while enhancing skills in collaboration, critical thinking, creative problem- solving and communication. The project may be based on the recommendations from the published output in Research to address real-world problems and communicate solutions to the community. EXERCISE AND SPORTS PROGRAMMING ‘The course is designed to provide learners with a comprehensive understanding of exercise programming and sports for fitness. It covers the principles of goal setting, training, functional movement, and periodization while promoting the development of personalized exercise programs aimed at improving their fitness. Learners will assess their fitness and personal nutrition and actively participate in physical activities. By the end of the course, learners will also gain the skills needed to pursue certification and careers in fitness,‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY PHYSICAL EDUCATION: FITNESS AND RECREATION This Physical Education course equips leamers with the knowledge and skills to enhance personal health through fitness, exercise, and outdoor recreational activities. Learners will engage in various physical activities that promote well-being, teamwork, and an appreciation for an active lifestyle. They will also organize fitness and outdoor recreational events that foster community wellness and encourage lifelong participation in physical activities. PHYSICAL EDUCATION: SPORTS AND DANCE This Physical Education course enhances learners’ understanding of sports and dance as essential components of a healthy and active lifestyle. Learners will develop physical skills, coordination, and teamwork through various sports and dance activities that promote personal wel-being and community engagement. They will also take an active role in organizing sports and dance events that encourage fitness, creativity, and social connection. RESEARCH METHODS This course builds on the research writing skills introduced in Effective Communication for Filipinos by equipping learners with critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. By the end of the course, leamers will publish a completed research paper that demonstrates an appreciation for and ethical considerations in research and provides a thorough understanding of the research process,‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY SAFETY AND FIRST AID This course is designed to equip learners with essential life skills and competencies in safety, first aid, injury prevention, and management across various settings. It focuses on enabling prompt and effective responses during emergencies. By the end of the course, learners will be able to confidently demonstrate safety protocols, first aid procedures, and emergency management techniques. Successful completion of the course will lead to certification from recognized and accredited organizations. SPORTS COACHING This course provides a comprehensive study of essential principles and applications in sports coaching that focuses on philosophical applications, ethical strategies and techniques. At the end of this course, learners are ‘engaged through interactive learning and practical applications to prepare them for a dynamic career in coaching and certification from reputable and recognized organizations. SPORTS OFFICIATING This course provides a comprehensive study of essential principles and applications in sports officiating that covers fundamental concepts of strategic leadership styles, practices and ethical application. At the end of this course, learners are engaged through interactive learning and practical applications to prepare them for a ‘dynamic career in various sports industry and certification from reputable and recognized organizations.Annex B / Course Descri SPORTS ACTIVITY MANAGEMENT This course provides a comprehensive study of essential principles and applications fitness/sports activity management that includes systematic process of assessment, implementation, and evaluation. At the end of this course, learners are engaged through interactive learning and practical applications to prepare them for a dynamic cater in various sports industry and certification from reputable and recognized organizations. WORK IMMERSION (IN-CAMPUS) {In-Campus work immersion offers learners practical experience in sports-related activities within the school or campus environment. This program allows learners to apply classroom knowledge by assisting with physical education classes, managing sports events, coordinating fitness programs, and handling equipment. Additionally this in-campus immersion ‘serves as a preparatory step for off-campus Work immersion, glving learners the foundation, they need to succeed in real-world sports and fitness settings. WORK IMMERSION (OFF-CAMPUS) \Work Immersion isa subject where leamers are exposed to and become familiar with work-related environments related to their field of specialization for readiness and sel-improvement. Through off-campus immersion experiences, Jeamers will not only apply their academic learning but also develop the essential soft skills and industry-specific expertise necessary for future success, Specifically, the learners are able to: (|) gain relevant and practical industrial skills under the guidance of industry experts and workers; (iI) appreciate the importance and application of the principles and theories taught in school; (ili) enhance their technical knowledge and skills; (Iv) enrich their skills in communications and human relations; and (v) develop good work habits, attitudes, appreciation, and respect for work. ote‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY ADVANCED MATHEMATICS 1 ‘Advanced Mathematics aims to deepen the learner's understanding of concepts and techniques drawn from algebra, functions, probability and statistics. Learners will strengthen their problem solving and critical thinking skills, enhance their reasoning, communicate their solutions using concepts and techniques drawn from these topics, and interpret information, including judging the reasonableness of solutions to problems, which will be valuable skill for the future. Learners will be able to choose and use technology appropriately and efficiently. This subject is designed for learners whose future pathways may involve mathematics and statistics and their applications in a range of disciplines at the tertiary level. ADVANCED MATHEMATICS 2 ‘Advanced Mathematics aims to deepen the learner's understanding of concepts and techniques drawn from algebra, functions, probability and statistics. Learners will strengthen their problem solving and critical thinking skills, enhance their reasoning, communicate their solutions using concepts and techniques drawn from these topics, and interpret information, including judging the reasonableness of solutions to problems, which will be Valuable skills for the future. Learners will be able to choose and use technology appropriately and efficiently. This subject is designed for learners whose future pathways may involve mathematics and statistics and their applications in a range of disciplines at the tertiary level.Annex B / Course Descri BIOLOGY This course provides an introduction to the fundamental concepts of biology, exploring the structure, function, and behavior of living organisms. Throughout the course, learners will explore biological processes and Understand how these processes sustain lif. By the end of the course, leamers will not only gain @ deeper understanding of the biological systems that govern life but also apply this knowledge to real-world issues, such as environmental sustainability, health care, and technological innovation. The skils developed in this course will enable learners to critically’ analyze biological problems and contribute to solutions that improve the quality of life and promote a more sustainable future. BIOLOGY 2 This course introduces key biology concepts, including genetics, molecular biology, taxonomy, evolution, and ecology. It examines life from the molecular level to the biosphere, focusing on organismal interactions and adaptations. Learners will explore unifying themes such as energy flow, inheritance, and_ life's interconnectedness. The course also highlights the role of biotechnology and scientific inquiry in solving real- world challenges like medical advancements, environmental sustainability, climate change and conservation. By the end of the course, learners will apply this knowledge to real-world issues, such as climate change and sustainability, healthcare, and technological innovations. The skills developed in this course will enable students to critically anaiyze biological and ecological problems and contribute to solutions that improve the quality of life while promoting a more sustainable future. oteAnnex B / Course Descri Deter BIOLOGY 3 This course introduces the essential molecules of life and how genetic information is passed on and expressed in living organisms. Learners examine biological molecules, DNA replication, transcription, translation, and the role of genetics in health and disease. They analyze inheritance patterns, evolution, and how species adapt to their environment over time. By the end of the course, learners gain a deeper understanding of how life is built at the molecular level and how traits are inherited and evolve. They apply this knowledge to real-world topics such as biotechnology, genetic disorders, and biodiversity, developing critical thinking skills to evaluate biological challenges and their influence on organisms and ecosystems. BIOLOGY 4 This course explores the classification of living organisms and their interactions within ecosystems. Learners ‘examine the principles of taxonomy, biodiversity conservation, and ecosystem dynamics, understanding how ‘organisms interact with each other and their environment. The course also introduces environmental science land biotechnology, highlighting human impacts on ecosystems and advancements in science that address global challenges. ‘By the end of the course, learners understand the importance of classifying organisms, maintaining ecosystem balance, and applying biotechnology to improve environmental and societal conditions. They develop critical thinking skills to assess conservation strategies, human interventions, and biotechnological innovations in shaping a sustainable future.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY CHEMISTRY 1 This course examines the composition, structure, and properties of matter together with chemical nomenclature. This also involves fundamental concepts of organic chemistry as well as chemical reactions and stoichiometry. The concepts can be applied in environmental science, community-based issues, and industrial processes especially relating them to the UN Sustainable Development Goals. CHEMISTRY 2 This course will deepen students’ understanding of key chemical principles and how they apply to real life. Topics include gases, solutions, reaction rates, equilibrium, redox reactions, acids and bases, and chemical thermodynamics. The course connects Chemistry with Physics, Earth Science, and Biology to explain natural events and support economic and scientific progress in the Philippines. Through experiments and real-world applications, students will develop problem-solving and critical-thinking skills,Annex B / Course Descri CHEMISTRY 3 This course will deepen students’ understanding of key chemical principles and how they apply to real life. Topics include gases, solutions, reaction rates, and equilibrium. The course connects Chemistry with Physi Earth Science, and Biology to explain natural events and support economic and scientific progress in the Philippines. Through experiments and real-world applications, students will develop problem-solving and critical-thinking skills. CHEMISTRY 4 This course will deepen students’ understanding of key chemical principles and how they apply to real life. Topics include redox reactions, acids and bases, and chemical thermodynamics. The course connects Chemistry with Physics, Earth Science, and Biology to explain natural events and support economic and scientific progress in the Philippines. Through experiments and real-world applications, students will develop problem-solving and criticalthinking skills. DESIGN AND INNOVATION This course allows learners to explore the design thinking process while enhancing skis in collaboration, critical thinking, creative problem-solving and communication. The project may be based on the recommendations from the published output in Research to address real-world problems and communicate solutions to the community.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives DeheD EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE 1 This course Is tailored for learners aspiring to pursue higher education science programs with a focus on advanced scientific models, theories, and laws, in understanding Earth and Space Science through an interdisciplinary approach. Learners will be engaged with a comprehensive understanding of Earth’s systems and their interaction with space phenomena. Key topics examine Earth's origins in the dynamic and evolving universe, Earth's structure and geological processes, as well as the role of plate tectonics. The course assists learners to better understand the interconnected subsystems of the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere, and haw these contribute to natural hazards, ‘Additionally, the course explores sustainability practices, renewable energy, and advancements in Earth and Space ‘Science exploration technologies. Through evidence-based scientific inquiry, critical thinking as presented in hands-on investigations, collaborative research, and innovation, preparing them to productively contribute to the STEM-focused industries and for higher education in the sciences. EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE 2 This course Is tallored for learners aspiring to pursue higher education science programs and science-related careers in the future. Tt focuses on advanced scientific models, theories, and laws, particularly in the way they relate to Understanding the Earth, Space, and Universe. Learners will engage in an in-depth study of Earth's dynamic systems, interactions in the subsystems, natural hazards and its disaster prevention and mitigation strategies, and environmental Issues and sustainabilty. This course assists learners to better appreciate engineering solutions to natural hazards, bioremediation, advancements in Earth and space exploration technologies, and sustainable practices. Through evidence-based inquiry, hands-on investigations, and collaborative research, learners will develop critical thinking skills and scientific proficiency, preparing them to productively contribute in the STEM-focused workforce and for higher ‘education in the sciences,‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE 3 Building on Earth and Space Science 2, this course explores astronomical phenomena, including the formation of the universe, galaxies, stars, and planetary Systems, as wel as Earth's unique ability to sustain life. Learners will analyze the Earth-Moon-Sun system, exploring seasons, eclipses, tides, and lunar phases through models and simulations. Also, learners wil focus on natural hazards and disaster risk reduction. They will study geological and hydrometeorological hazards, assess risks using hazard maps, and explore engineering and policy-based solutions for disaster mitigation. Through hands-on projects, research, and public awareness campaigns, learners will develop scientific, analytical, and problem-solving skils to understand Earth's dynamic nature and enhance community resilience. EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE 4 Building on Earth and Space Science 3, this course explores the application of sustainability principles in environmental conservation, renewable energy, geotechnical engineering, and space technologies. Learners will examine biomass, geothermal, solar, hydro, ocean, and wind energy as alternatives to fossil fuels, as well as techniques lke bioremediation and_ phytoremediation for ecosystem restoration. They will analyze how geotechnical engineering addresses environmental challenges and explore the role of satelites and remote sensing in monitoring Earth's environmental changes. Also, learners will evaluate space exploration advancements and their applications in Earth science and sustainability, “Through research, models, and hands-on projects, learners will propose innovative solutions to environmental issues, advocate for conservation, and explore how space technologies contribute to sustainablity and disaster monitoring.Annex B / Course Descri EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGIES This course equips learners with the knowledge and skills to maintain and optimize computer systems, secure data, utilize digital productivity tools for effective communication, collaboration, and problem-solving, and explore emerging technologies like AI, Blockchain, and IoT to develop practical solutions, foster ethical awareness, and gain experience in no-code AI development and web development to create AI models, applications, and functional websites. FINITE MATHEMATICS Finite Mathematics focuses on developing learners’ understanding of mathematical concepts and their practical applications in various fields, including business, economics, and the social sciences. Emphasizing problem- solving, and analytical and critical thinking, this course explores key topics such as matrices, linear programming, graph theory, financial mathematics, modular arithmetic, combinatorics, and probability. Leamers will enhance their reasoning and decision-making skills by applying mathematical methods to real- world problems, interpreting data, and formulating solutions. Additionally, they will develop proficiency in using mathematical tools and techniques relevant to their fields, preparing them for further studies and diverse career pathways that do not require an extensive background in higher-level mathematics. The course is modular, and the teacher may select four modules (2 modules per quarter) they deem to be most appropriate depending on the interests and mathematical aptitude of the learners.‘Annex B / Course Descrip In for Academic Electives FUNDAMENTALS OF DATA ANALYTICS AND MANAGEMENT This course introduces foundational principles and practices in data analytics and management, focusing on developing essential 2ist-century skills. Learners will enhance information, visual, media, technology, and digital literacies through data collection, cleaning, processing, visualization, storytelling, and responsible use of digital tools. The course also fosters creativity, critical thinking, problem-solving, teamwork, collaboration, and interactive communication skills in performing data analytics and management processes, equipping learners for informed decision-making in data-driven fields.Annex B / Course Descri GENERAL SCIENCE 1 This course aims to equip learners with the essential scientific knowledge, skills and capabilities to meet the challenges of living and working in a rapidly changing and advancing Philippine society. The course aims to provide learners with the fundamental scientific competencies to help shape a sustainable future for themselves, their communities and the planet. ‘The course focuses on understanding and applications of the scientific models, theories and laws that relate to everyday life and work, and how these impact on the Philippines as a significant contributor to the world. The Curriculum uses a trans-disciplinary approach to build understanding of the ways that Chemistry, Physics, Earth ‘& Space Science and Biology interact to explain natural phenomena as well as how they can be utilized to advance the Philippines economy. The course builds on learners’ personal experiences and understandings of scientific phenomena to support them to be scientific and technological thinkers who can propose and solve problems through scientific ‘observation, data gathering, and making and effectively communicating evidence-based conclusions. Learners will develop practical scientific and critical thinking skills through individual and collaborative scientific investigations and research, preparing them to pursue further education and careers in STEM fields or contribute meaningfully to a sclence-driven workforce. oteAnnex B / Course Descri GENERAL SCIENCE 2 This course equips leamers with the knowledge, skills, and scientific mindset needed to navigate and contribute to a rapidly evolving Philippine society. By exploring key concepts in Chemistry, Physics, Earth & Space Science, and Biology, students will gain a deeper understanding of how scientific principles shape everyday experiences— from health and technology to environmental sustainability and informed decision-making. Through a cross-disciplinary approach, the curriculum emphasizes how scientific models, theories, and laws rot only explain natural phenomena but also drive progress in Philippine industries, innovations, and traditions. By examining the real-world applications of science, students will discover its role in improving lives, strengthening the economy, and positioning the Philippines as a vital player in global scientific advancement. GENERAL SCIENCE 3 This course equips learners with the knowledge, skills, and scientific mindset needed to navigate and contribute to a rapidly evolving Philippine society. By exploring key concepts in Chemistry and Physics, students will gain a deeper understanding of how scientific principles shape everyday experiences— from health and technology to environmental sustainability and informed decision-making. Through a cross- disciplinary approach, the curriculum emphasizes how scientific models, theories, and laws not only explain natural phenomena but also drive progress in Philippine industries, innovations, and traditions. By examining the real-world applications of science, students will discover its role in improving lives, strengthening the ‘economy, and positioning the Philippines as a vital player in global scientific advancement.‘Annex B / Course Description for Academic Electives Defeo WY GENERAL SCIENCE 4 This course equips learners with the knowledge, skils, and scientific mindset needed to navigate and contribute to a rapidly evolving Philippine society. By exploring Key concepts in Earth & Space Science and Biology, students will gain a deeper understanding of how sclentfic principles shape everyday experiences— from health’ and technology to environmental sustainability and Informed decision-making. Through a cross-disciplinary approach, the curriculum femphasizes how scientific models, theories, and laws not only explain natural phenomena but also drive progress in Philippine industries, innovations,’ and traditions. By examining the real-world applications of science, students will discover its role in improving lives, strengthening the economy, and positioning the Philippines as a vital player in global scientific advancement. PRE-CALCULUS This Pre-Calculus course equips learners with essential mathematical skils and knowledge in preparation for taking Calculus courses, fostering critical and analytical thinking, and problem-solving skils. Through a comprehensive exploration of conic sections, systems of nonlinear equations, functions including exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric, learners will demonstrate 2 deep understanding of mathematical principles and their real-world applications. Learning experiences include analyzing and solving complex problems, justifying solutions through logical reasoning, constructing proofs, and communicating mathematical ideas effectively using appropriate representations. As 2 prelude to calculus for higher education courses, learners will translate real-life context into mathematical models using appropriate digital tools and technology. Equipped with 21st century skills, they will be able to apply their knowledge and understanding of mathematics preparing them for future academic endeavors and professional careers in diverse fields including engineering, computer science, economics, statistics, finance, physics, and other sciences.Annex B / Course Descri GENERAL MATHEMATICS 1 General Mathematics aims to deepen learners’ understanding of concepts and techniques drawn from numbers and algebra, geometry and measurement, and statistics. Learners will strengthen their problem-solving and critical thinking skills, enhance their reasoning and interpretive skills in mathematical and statistical contexts, and communicate results concisely and systematically using appropriate language. Additionally, learners will be ‘adept in choosing and using technology appropriately and efficiently, preparing them for a wide range of ‘educational and employment pathways, including further studies at ‘college. This subject is designed for learners with a wide range of educational and employment aspirations, including continuing their studies at college but whose future studies or employment pathways may not require the knowledge of calculus. GENERAL MATHEMATICS 2 General Mathematics aims to deepen learners’ understanding of concepts and techniques drawn from numbers and algebra, geometry and measurement, and statistics. Learners will strengthen their problem-solving and critical thinking skills, enhance their reasoning and interpretive skills in mathematical and statistical contexts, and communicate results concisely and systematically using appropriate language. Additionally, learners will be adept in choosing and using technology appropriately and efficiently, preparing them for a wide range of educational and employment pathways, including further studies at ‘college. This subject is designed for learners with a wide range of educational and employment aspirations, including continuing their studies at college but whose future studies or employment pathways may not require the knowledge of calculus.Annex B / Course Descri PRE-CALCULUS 2 This Pre-Calculus course equips learners with essential mathematical skills and knowledge in preparation for taking Calculus courses, fostering critical and analytical thinking, and problem-solving skills. Through a ‘comprehensive exploration of conic sections, systems of nonlinear equations, functions including exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric, learners will demonstrate a deep understanding of mathematical principles and their real-world applications. Learning experiences include analyzing and solving complex problems, justifying solutions through logical reasoning, constructing proofs, and communicating mathematical ideas effectively, Using appropriate representations. As a prelude to calculus for higher education courses, learners will translate real-life context into mathematical models using appropriate digital tools and technology. Equipped with 21st century skill, they will be able to apply their knowledge and understanding of mathematics preparing them for future academic endeavors and professional careers in diverse fields including engineering, computer science, economics, statistics, finance, physics, and other sciences.Annex B / Course Descri PHYSICS1 This course is designed to assist learners to better understand the physical world and how it works. The course ‘explores fundamental physics principles, models, theories and laws, and their applications in advancing science and technology. Learners will build understanding of how matter, motion and energy interact in the natural world through both descriptive and quantitative understanding and problem solving. Through this course, learners will build knowledge and understanding of the fundamental forces of the universe and how they interact with matter, not just at everyday scales but across a range of scales, from massive to subatomic. The course builds learners’ skis investigating, communicating, collaborating, information processing, and problem solving, to help them better Understand how Physics impacts on Filippino society as well as other global societies. PHYSICS 2 This natural science subject covers the fundamental concepts and principles in the following branches of Physics: waves, acoustics, optics, electromagnetism, and modern physics. The scientific process skills, attitudes, and values of learners will be enhanced as they apply their understanding of the principles of physics. across diverse fields like technology, engineering, medicine, sports, vehicle safety, manufacturing, aerospace, acoustics, communication technology, optics, electronic devices, and systems, highlighting the impact of physics on society. oteAnnex B / Course Descri PHYSICS 3 This natural science subject covers the fundamental concepts and principles in the following branches of Physics: waves, acoustics, optics, and electricity. The scientific process skills, attitudes, and values of learners will be enhanced as they apply their understanding of the principles of physics across diverse fields like technology, and engineering highlighting the impact of physics on society. PHYSICS 4 This natural science subject covers the fundamental concepts and principles in the following branches of, electromagnetism, and modern physics. The scientific process skills, attitudes, and values of learners will be ‘enhanced as they apply their understanding of the principles of physics across diverse fields like technology, engineering, and medicine highlighting the impact of physics on society. RESEARCH METHODS This course builds on the research writing skills introduced in Effective Communication for Filipinos by ‘equipping leamers with critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. By the end of the course, learners will publish a completed research paper that demonstrates an appreciation for and ethical considerations in research and provides a thorough understanding of the research process. oteAnnex B / Course Descri TRIGONOMETRY 1 This course introduces learners to the key concepts of trigonometry and its applications while adopting essential 21st-century skills. Learners will demonstrate understanding on the different methods of measuring angles, develop fluency in both degree and radian measures, explore the properties and behaviors of circular, functions, and delve into the foundational trigonometric functions and their relationships to angles, polar coordinates and complex numbers. Learners will also probe inverse trigonometric relations, solve trigonometric ‘equations, and apply these concepts to real-world scenarios. Additionally, this course encourages collaboration through group activities, fosters creativity in applying trigonometric principles to practical situations, and develops digital literacy by using technology to visualize and solve problems. Furthermore, learning experiences designed for this course will enhance their critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical thinking skills as they approach complex trigonometric challenges, and gain an understanding of how trigonometry connects to other areas of mathematics and modern technology, preparing them to use these skill in diverse fields such as engineering, physics, computer science, and data analysis.Annex B / Course Descri TRIGONOMETRY 2 This course introduces learners to the key concepts of trigonometry and its applications while adopting essential 21st-century skills. Learners will demonstrate understanding on the different methods of measuring angles, develop fluency in both degree and radian measures, explore the properties and behaviors of circular, functions, and delve into the foundational trigonometric functions and their relationships to angles, polar coordinates and complex numbers. Learners will also probe inverse trigonometric relations, solve trigonometric ‘equations, and apply these concepts to real-world scenarios. Additionally, this course encourages collaboration through group activities, fosters creativity in applying trigonometric principles to practical situations, and develops digital literacy by using technology to visualize and solve problems. Furthermore, learning experiences designed for this course will enhance their critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical thinking skills as they approach complex trigonometric challenges, and gain an understanding of how trigonometry connects to other areas of mathematics and modern technology, preparing them to use these skill in diverse fields such as engineering, physics, computer science, and data analysis.Course Description for Technical-Professional ElectivesI-Professional Electives Defeo WY ‘Annex B / Course Description for Tech @ INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) ANIMATION This course is designed to enable learners to apply a strong foundation in the fundamentals and principles of animation; it equips them with industry-standard techniques to create polished animations, demonstrating proficiency in key skills such as clean-up and inbetweening, both in traditional and digital animation production ‘workflows. Upon completion, learners will be prepared to advance their middle level skills, higher education and wide range of future business and career opportunities and earn the TESDA National Certification in Animation (Level 1), positioning them for roles such as assistant animators, clean-up artists, and in-between artists. COMPUTER PROGRAMMING (.NET TECHNOLOGY) This course enables learners to develop applications using HTMLS, CSS3, JavaScript, and .NET technology, demonstrating proficiency in programming, software development, and’ problem-solving skills, which are applicable across various tech sectors and will prepare them for future technology trends and careers.‘Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives Defeo WY @ INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) ‘COMPUTER PROGRAMMING (JAVA) This course enables learners to competently develop, test, and maintain software applications using Java. Thus, it enhances their career opportunities in the tech industry and allows businesses to build robust and scalable solutions. Upon completing the course, learners will be prepared to take the National Certification Level II for the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority Qualification of Programming (Java). This course ensures that learners have both middle-level and college-ready education skills and work-ready, equipping them to perform object-oriented analysis and design in Java technology and to create fine-tune Java technology applications using object-oriented programming concepts. This enables them to confidently pursue roles like Java programming support staff, software developers, application developers, and user interface developers. COMPUTER PROGRAMMING (ORACLE DATABASE) This course focuses on Structured Query Language (SQL) and Programming Language (PL), equipping learners with the essential knowledge and skills needed to build, implement, develop, test, and maintain computer programs while administering databases using Oracle technology. After completing the course, this will enable learners to obtain National Certification Level III of Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) Qualification Programming Oracle Database for career advancement in the Programming Industry.Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives Defeo WY @ INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) ‘COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING This course equips learners with competencies in setting up, configuring, and maintaining computer systems, networks, and servers. It also fosters problem-solving skills and promotes efficient practices in IT service management. Learners will also explore business and service opportunities in the IT industry, preparing them for roles in entrepreneurship, freelancing, and managed IT services. Upon completion, graduates will be ready to pursue middle level skills and higher education, advance their careers, and obtain the TESDA National Certification in Computer Systems Servicing (Level II). This certification enhances employability and opens immediate career opportunities in IT support, systems management, and related business ventures. CONTACT CENTER SERVICES This course enables learners to effectively manage customer interactions in a contact center environment, including inquiries, complaints, inbound service, order taking, and outbound telemarketing, while maintaining ‘company integrity’ and fostering teamwork to achieve organizational goals and advance their careers. Upon completion, learners will be more equipped in either advancing to Higher Education or acquiring National Certificate level II which will broaden their employment prospects and provide valuable skills and benefits that support career growth in the contact center sector.‘Annex B / Course Description for Tech I-Professional Electives Defeo WY @ INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) ILLUSTRATION This course is designed to equip learners with the skills, knowledge, and attitude needed to produce precise illustrations across traditional and digital media. It covers the development of drawing techniques to represent objects and concepts, utilizing various tools and software for creating high-quality illustrations. Upon completion of the course, learners will be prepared to take the National Certification Level II in Illustration from Technical Education and Skills Development Authority. VISUAL GRAPHIC DESIGN This course is designed to provide learners with the principles and skils necessary for Visual Graphic Design, ‘covering a range of topics. These include the Fundamentals and Principles of Visual Graphic Design; User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI); and industry-standard software for product packaging design. Learners will acquire the fundamental principles of visual graphic design by developing designs for logos, print media, user ‘experience (UX), user interface (UI), product packaging, and booth/product window displays. After completing the ‘course, this will enable learners to obtain National Certification, level IIT for Technical Education Skils Development ‘Authority or TESDA's Qualification Visual Graphic Design, opening pathways for career advancement in visual ‘graphic design, entrepreneurship, middle level skils development, and higher edlucation.‘Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives Defeo WY @ AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY ARTS (AFA) AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION This course equips learners with essential skils in Agricultural Crops Production, focusing on crop farm production in accordance with Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). The course includes plant care and management, harvesting and Post-harvesting operations, and marketing of farm produce. Upon completion, learners can enroll in assessments to earn certifications, paving the way for higher education and career opportunities in the crops production industry. AGRO-ENTREPRENEURSHIP This course equips learners with essential skils in Agro-Entrepreneurship, focusing on farm business exploration. The course includes identifying market opportunities, farm products and services, marketing and value-adding activities, production and budget planning, business plan development, financial management, and recordkeeping in the agri- fishery industry. Upon completion, learners can enroll in assessments to earn certifications, paving the way for higher ‘education and career opportunities in the agrifishery industry.Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives DefED w @ AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY ARTS (AFA) AQUACULTURE This course equips learners with essential skills in Aquaculture, focusing on aquatic farming operations in accordance with the industry standards. The course includes fish grow-out operation, hatchery operation, fish health management practices, harvest and post-harvest activities, and marketing of aquaculture products. Upon’ completion, learners can enroll in’ assessments to earn certifications, paving the way for higher education and career opportunities in the ‘aquaculture industry. FISH CAPTURE OPERATION This course equips learners with essential sklls in Fish Capture, focusing on fish capture operation in accordance with the industry standards, The course includes maintenance of fishing-gears and fish capture operations, municipal vessel ‘operation and navigation, handling, storing, transportation and recording of aquatic products adhering to food safety standards. Upon completion, leamers can enroll in assessments to eam certifications, paving the way for higher ‘education and career opportunities in the fish capture industry.Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives Defeo WY @ AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY ARTS (AFA) FOOD PROCESSING This course equips learners with essential skill in Food Processing, focusing on the different methods of food processing ‘and packaging in accordance with the industry standards. The course includes the different methods of food processing and marketing processed foods in accordance with the industry standards. Upon completion, leamers can enroll in assessments to earn certifications, paving the way for higher education and career opportunities in the food processing industry. ORGANIC AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION This course equips learners with essential skils in Organic Agriculture Production, focusing on organic agriculture production in accordance with the industry standards. The course includes planting organic vegetables, producing ‘organic concoctions and extracts and organic fertilizer, raising organic chickens, raising organic hogs, and/or raising ‘organic small ruminants. Upon completion, learners can enroll in assessments to earn certifications, paving the way for higher education and career opportunities in the organic agriculture production industry.‘Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives Defeo WY @ AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY ARTS (AFA) POULTRY PRODUCTION ~ CHICKEN This course equips learners with essential skills in Poultry Production-Chicken, focusing on the poultry production-chicken in accordance with the industry standards. The course includes growing chicken-brollers/layers and collection of eggs according to enterprise production requirement, marketing of poultry products, and evaluation of records for production expansion. Upon completion, learners can enroll in assessments to earn certifications, paving the way for higher ‘education and career opportunities in the poultry production-chicken industry. RUMINANTS PRODUCTION This course equips learners with essential skills in Ruminants Production, focusing on raising dairy and meat-type ruminants according to industry standards. The course includes housing, facilities, forage production, silage making, breeding, feeding, care, management practices, pre-seling activities, and marketing. Upon completion, learners can enroll in’ assessments to earn certifications, paving the way for higher education and career opportunities in the ruminants production industry. SWINE PRODUCTION This course equips learners with essential skills in Swine Production, focusing on swine production according to industry standards. The course includes breeding management of sows and boars, health and care management on the different stages of swine production, harvesting and post harvesting, record keeping, and marketing in swine production. Upon completion, learners can enroll in assessments to earn certifications, paving the way for higher education and career ‘opportunities in the swine production industry.Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives DefED w @ FAMILY AND CONSUMER SCIENCE (FCS) AESTHETIC SERVICES This course combines the concepts of Nail Care, Skin care and basic haircutting. This covers the principles in assessing clients! needs, acquiring skills and techniques in nail services, facial and skin care processes. Through hands-on experience, learners will build confidence and proficiency in providing personalized beauty solutions and join other beauty enthusiasts and professionals, After completing the course, learners may obtain certifications and open ‘opportunities and career in the Aesthetic industry. BAKERY OPERATIONS This course covers components in baking various bread, pies and pastries. It is designed to provide learners with technical and practical skill relevant to bakery operations. Through hands on experience, learners will be equipped and wil have the opportunity to engage in bakery business and perform various roles, After completing the course, learners may obtain certifications and open pathways for different roles in baking industry.‘Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives Defeo WY @ FAMILY AND CONSUMER SCIENCE (FCS) ‘CAREGIVING (ADULT CARE) This course is 2 detalled and practical course designed to equip learners in providing high-quality care for adults. Learners will develop caregiving abilities in giving personal care, mobilty assistance, and medication management, over all leamers are prepared to create a safe and supportive environment for their patients, After completing the course, learners may obtain certification and will open pathways for roles in the different home care setting, assisted living facilities, nursing homes or hospitals, (CAREGIVING (CHILD CARE) This course is a detailed and practical course designed to equip learners in providing high-quality care for infants, toddlers and children. Learners will develop caregiving abilities in giving personal care, mobilty assistance, and medication management, over all learners are prepared to create a safe and supportive environment for their patients. ‘After completing the course, learners may obtain certification and will open pathways for roles in the diferent home care setting, assisted living facilities, nursing homes or hospitals,‘Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives Defeo WY @ FAMILY AND CONSUMER SCIENCE (FCS) EVENTS MANAGEMENT SERVICES This course is designed to equip learners with skils in planning, handle challenges, communicate to vendors promote events, ensure budget efficiency to ensure successful event outcomes. Through hands-on experience, learners will practice the dynamic of managing events. After completing the course, learners may obtain certifications, and open pathways as events manager, events planner in corporate settings or have the business opportunity to se-up their own ‘events management service. FOOD AND BEVERAGES OPERATION The Food and Beverage Operation is a course that combines the principles of food, beverage services and coffee preparation, These two (2) learning blocks focus on the essentials of providing restaurant services and preparation of Coffee beverages. This will equip learners with hands-on exposure on restaurant knowledge, different dining techniques, and skils in preparing coffee and non- coffee beverages. After completing the course, learners may acquire certification upon passing the assessment and other similar certifications. This will open opportunities and pathways of becoming a ‘well-rounded food and beverage service personnel and coffee entrepreneur. GARMENTS ARTISANRY This course covers the components of garments making such as Dress Making and Tailoring. This will equip learners with technical and practical skils in pattern drafting, selecting fabrics, designing and crafting clothes, and applying complex sewing methods. After completing the course, the learners may obtain certifications relevant to their industry and will ‘open opportunities and pathways in the clothing industry.‘Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives Defeo WY @ FAMILY AND CONSUMER SCIENCE (FCS) HAIRDRESSING SERVICES This course is designed to equip learners with the essential concepts and principles of providing hair services. This will provide learners with the fundamental skils in assessing clients hair care needs, treatments and hairstyling. Learners are ‘engaged in practical sessions that will hone their skill and make them hair enthusiasts, stylist in salons, spa and beauty centers. After completing the course, they may obtain certification that will lead pathways and career opportunities in ‘salons and other related industries. HANDICRAFT (WEAVING) his course encompasses weaving and handloom crafts. This course will provide learners of the various techniques and skis in creating and designing skis in producing crafts lke. It also promotes sustainable livelihoods, stimulate markets, attract tourism and preserve traditions. Completing the course will open pathway careers in textile designing, professional weaver, or craft instructor, while business opportunities in seling woven baskets, textile, mats and many ther entrepreneurial activites. Leamers may obtain certification and other similar accreditation related to the course and would be an advantage for their career opportunities in weaving.‘Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives Defeo WY @ FAMILY AND CONSUMER SCIENCE (FCS) HOTEL OPERATIONS (FRONT OFFICE SERVICES) Fundamental in Front Office Operation is one of the components in Hospitality, this course is designed to provide basic concepts and skills to deliver efficient quest experience. This covers dally operations in the hotel such as guest reservations, check-in, check-out and billing procedures. After completing the course, learners may acquire certification ‘and open opportunities and pathways in the hospitality industry. HOTEL OPERATIONS (HOUSEKEEPING SERVICES) This course is designed to equip learners in the various task in housekeeping. Learners will gain proficiency providing ‘guest service in hotel facilities ensuring guest satisfaction. Through hands- on activities learners will develop a thorough Understanding of the operations, safety protocols, and customer service aspects vital to housekeeping services. After ‘completing the course, learners may obtain certifications and pursue a career as a hotel attendant, supervisor, manager in lodging establishments and resorts.@ FAMILY AND CONSUMER SCIENCE (FCS) KITCHEN OPERATIONS This course is designed to equip learners of the fundamental skills in culinary required in kitchen operations, food safety, inventory and kitchen organization. Learners will develop the skills in meu planning and presentation and explore the different aspects of cooking. After completing this course will enable learners to ‘obtain certification that will open pathways to pursue career as line cooks, sous chef in hotels, restaurants and similar food industries. TOURISM SERVICES This course covers various components of the Tourism sector such as Travel Services, Tourism Promotions Services, and Local Guiding Services. It provides learners with technical and practical competencies in processing tourism service requirements, travel-related transactions, guiding tourists, and promoting tourism products, and services. Completing the course will prepare leamers to take the assessment and obtain certifications. This will also open opportunities toward role in the travel and tourism sectors.Annex B / Course Description for Technical-Professional Electives Defeo WY ©@ INDUSTRIAL ARTS (IA) AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING (ENGINE AND CHASSIS) - GRADE 12 ONLY This elective subject equips learners with essential skills for Automotive Servicing following industry standards, focusing on engine repair such as engine cooling and lubricating systems, engine intake and exhaust systems, ‘overhaul mechanical systems, and chassis repair such as drive lines, clutch system, manual transmission/transaxle, differential, brake system, steering system, suspension system. Upon completion learners are eligible to take assessments to earn certifications leading to higher education and careers relative automotive industry sectors. AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING (ELECTRICAL) - GRADE 12 ONLY This course equips learners with essential skills for Automotive Servicing following industry standard, focusing ‘on electrical repair such as ignition systems, starting systems, Charging Systems, Body Electrical Systems and Automotive manual Airconditioning Systems. Upon completion, learners are eligible to take assessments to ‘earn certifications leading to higher education and careers relative automotive industry sector.