DEPARTMENT OF IT IT WORKSHOP LAB MANUAL

Task 4: Installation of operating systems LINUX and different packages on a PC.

FEDORA Linux Installation Process:
1. LINUX BOOT OPTIONS
Actually Linux can be installed in two different modes, based on the requirement of
the user.
Graphical Mode. & Text Mode.
Graphical Mode - In this you can work with Graphical Interface (i.e., it supports
mouse and Icons ). By clicking the icon with the mouse, you can perform related
action.
To install Linux in Graphical Mode Press Enter.

Text Mode - In this mode you have to interact with character based interface ( i.e.,
Command prompt ).
To install Linux in Text Mode Type : Linux text and Press Enter.
After selecting the mode of installation, it goes on detecting the basic input output
devices and file systems. And at last it displays a screen asking whether to test the
CD inserted to install or to Skip the test process. Otherwise we can test total
installation CD’s.

On completion of testing the CD’s, it goes on loading an installation program

“ANACONDA” which helps us in the installation of the remaining part.

2 WELCOME TO INSTALLATION PROCESS

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It starts with the display of the welcome screen containing the online help ,
and four buttons to help us in the different activities in the installation process.
Hide Help/Show Help - Which helps you in guiding the installation process,
which can be activated or hidden.
Release Notes - Which contain the Basic Hardware Requirements that are necessary
for the installation of the Red Linux 9.0 and some other post-installation issues.
Next - This button allows you to go to next step of the installation process by the
current step.
Back - This button allows you to move back of the installation process to make any
changes that previously mentioned.
Action: click “Next” to move to next screen.
3. SELECTING A LANGUAGE

It displays a screen containing various languages, to select a language you would

like to use during this installation process.

4. CONFIGURING KEYBOARD AND MOUSE

Here we need to select our own keyboard and mouse layouts which will help you to
interactively proceed in the installation process.

At this point of time it displays you the different types of keyboard layouts. So that
you can select your desired one that you would like to use for the system.

And also choose the appropriate Mouse for the system, based on the following:
Select the exact mouse type among the available.

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5. TYPE OF INSTALLATION:

There are different installation types that are available which will enable you to select
that will best meet your needs.

There are four different types of installations are there –

Personal Desktop

- You select it for personal computers or laptops, select this installation type to install
a graphical desktop environment and create a system ideal for home or desktop use.

Work Station

- This option installs a graphical desktop environment with tools for software
development and system administration.

Server

- If you would like to set up file sharing, print sharing, and web services and
additional services.

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Custom

- Select this installation type to gain complete control over the installation process,

Including software package selection and authentication preferences.:

6. PARTITIONING THE DISK

Partitioning the disk can be done either automatically or manually.

AUTOMATIC PARTITIONING
– By selecting automatic portioning, you will not have to use partitioning tools to
assign mount points, create partitions, or allocate space for your installation.
Automatic partitioning allows you to have some control concerning what data is
removed from your system.

To remove only Linux partitions remove all Linux partitions on this system.

To remove all partitions on your hard drive, select remove all partitions on this
system.

To retain your current data and partitions, assuming you have enough free
space available on your hard disk, select Keep all partitions and use existing free
space.

You can review the partitions that are automatically created using the check box
Review (and modify if needed) the partitions created.

MANUAL PARTITIONING
– To partition manually, choose the Disk Druid partitioning Tool. For the manual
partitioning of Linux installation you need assign disk space for the three compulsory
file systems, they are /boot, /(root), swap
/boot

- This type of partition should of ext3 file system type. For this /boot partition a
minimum of about 150MB is necessary.

Swap

The swap partition should of swap file system type having a minimum of the double
the RAM available on your system. (i.e., if, RAM is of 512MB, your swap should be a
minimum of 1024MB.)

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/(root) –

The symbol ‘/’ stands for the root. This root partition should be a minimum of 5GB.
And you can also increase it based on your availability to increase your system
performance.

To add a new partition Just click on the NEW button and select your mount point (i.e.,
directory of partition ex: /, /boot, /user, etc., ), select your file system type among the
available i.e. Ext3, ext2, swap, vfat, etc., ), and you have different additional size
options like Fixed Size, Fill all space up to(MB), Fill to maximum allowable size. And
also you can make a partition to be primary partition and check for the bad blocks on
each partition.

Now we have to partition our hard disk. You can choose to let the Fedora installer do
the partitioning, or you can do it yourself. I want to create a small /boot partition (less
than 100 MB) with the file system ext3, a swap partition and a huge / partition (again
with ext3):

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Now the boot loader GRUB will be installed. You can leave the default settings
unchanged and click on Next:

7. BOOT LOADER CONFIGURATION

The GRUB boot loader will allow you to boot other operating systems. It will
allow you to select an operating system to boot from the list. To add another
operating system. You can also add other operating systems that are not detected
automatically.
For greater system security, you can set your password for the boot loader. To avoid
unauthorized changes to the system.
You can also change the type of boot loader other than GRUB, among the available
like LILO. And also you can avoid to install boot loader.

8. NETWORK CONFIGURATION

With this option you can set your Network devices manually or using DHCP
(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) which will automatically takes default IP
address, and Net mask addresses. The DHCP also set your Hostname.

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9. FIREWALL CONFIGURATION
A firewall configuration is set between yours computer and network. And decides
which resources of your computer are accessible by the remote users on the
network. On proper configuration of firewall we can set different security levels for the
system.
By using firewalls we can avoid any entrusted passage of data and also we can set
our own protocol supports.

10. ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE SUPPORT

This screen shows different additional languages for installation. These additional
languages can be used to switch after installation process.

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11. SELECTING A TIME ZONE

To set our time zone we can do it either by selecting computers physical location or
by your time zone’s offset from Universal Time, Coordinated. This screen shows two
tabs namely location and UTC Offset. First tab offers you the ability to configure by
location. Second tab allows to set UTC Offset.

12. ROOT PASSWORD SETTINGS

The Root password is for avoiding any unauthorized access to Administration
settings .

13. PERSONAL DESKTOP DEFAULTS

With this screen we can accept the default package list or we can customize the set
of packages to be installed.

14. SELECTION OF PACKAGES TO INSTALL

On selecting the customized set of packages we can select our own selection of
desktops, applications, servers, development tools and system tools to be installed
among the available.
And also we have an option to select a minimal set of packages and all the packages
that are available which will install complete set of packages(about 1400) which will
require about 4850 MB of space.

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15. ABOUT TO INSTALL

This is the final step to make any modifications to the installation process. Once you

click the next button you cannot do any modifications.

16. INSTALLING THE PACKAGES

First it formats the file systems and copies the files to our hard disk to continue
installation. Then there starts the installing of packages which may take up to several
minutes of time during which we need to insert next two CD ROMs to complete the
installation process.

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17. CREATING A BOOT DISK

Here the prompts you to create a Linux boot disk on your choice for your further
requirement.

18. CONFIGURING YOUR DISPLAY

At this stage you need to select your video card type and monitor configuration and
also you restore to the original values.

19. END OF INSTALLATION PROCESS At the end of the installation process it will
remove all the media that is used by the installation. And reboots your system again.

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After the Installation:

After the installation your computer will reboot and you will go through a simple
configuration procedure to get your computer ready for use. It includes such things
as setting the time, setting the password for the "root" user, and creating other user
accounts.

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