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Unix Test1 2022

The document discusses key components of the UNIX architecture, including the shell's role in providing an encapsulated environment and simplifying user interaction. It explains the concept of a micro-kernel, detailing its minimal functions such as memory and process management. Additionally, it clarifies the distinction between tasks and processes, the significance of system calls and ACLs, and the importance of the C programming language in UNIX development.

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2 views2 pages

Unix Test1 2022

The document discusses key components of the UNIX architecture, including the shell's role in providing an encapsulated environment and simplifying user interaction. It explains the concept of a micro-kernel, detailing its minimal functions such as memory and process management. Additionally, it clarifies the distinction between tasks and processes, the significance of system calls and ACLs, and the importance of the C programming language in UNIX development.

Uploaded by

bygs2gfm5m
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIX Test1 2022

1. Within the context of the UNIX architecture, provide a description of the shell
component. List its functions and explain the role it plays in the operating system.
The shell has a two-fold containment function. It provides an encapsulated environment to users
and applications. The shell also abstracts the machine even further than the kernel does and
removes from vision all resources that do not pertain to the user that has established the shell
session. The shell simplifies the complexity of interacting with the machine, which, in turn,
simplifies the usage of the machine even further.

2. What is a micro-kernel in UNIX operating systems architecture, and what are its main
functions?
A micro-kernel is a minimal kernel which can be extended by the implementation of kernel
modules. Its main functions are:

Memory management, paging, etc.

process management and scheduling/synchronisation

Input/Output (files, controls, inter-process comms, networking).

3. “Everything in UNIX is a file.” Provide a short explanation for this statement, making
at least three distinct points to support the statement.
FHS – locations, root.

File types (links, devices, pipes, sockets).

Shell command interface (incl. scripting).

4. Explain the UNIX mechanism which enables user-space processes to make system-
calls, including the role that ACLs play in this mechanism.
User-kernel-user mode switch. ACL check made prior to kernel-mode system-call - access denied
if user is not authenticated so there is now way kernel mode can be abused.

6. Explain the difference between a task and a process. Provide examples to clarify
your answer.
A task is a program or a sequence of programs. A process as an instance of a task, or sequence of
tasks.

• Several processes can execute the same task simultaneously. It is possible to have a single
program control more than one process.

• Several tasks can be executed by the same process sequentially. A process can entail a series of
programs to be executed.
10. Briefly discuss the C language for operating system development, and its
relationship with the goals of the UNIX operating system.
UNIX also led to an ideal programming language that could be used to port the operating system
and more easily develop portable applications on any machine hardware. The C programming
language has a far higher quality of abstraction than assembly language.

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