Science 10

Science – Grade 10
Quarter 2 – Module 6: Regions of Electromagnetic Spectrum
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Maria Luz D. Belen
Editor: Jocelyn A. Prado
Reviewer: Jocelyn A. Prado
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Mark Kihm G. Lara
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 6
Regions of Electromagnetic Spectrum
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 10 Self-Learning Module 6 on Regions of

Electromagnetic Spectrum
This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.
This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:
Welcome to the Science 10 Self-Learning Module 6 on Regions of
Electromagnetic Spectrum

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

Properties of electromagnetic (EM) waves and problems involving wavelength,

frequency, and energy of EM waves have been discussed in your previous module.
Electromagnetic (EM) waves are waves produced by oscillation of accelerating
electric charges and a magnetic field in space. EM waves include radio waves,
microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet rays, x-rays, and gamma rays. In this
module, we will discuss the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. compare the relative wavelengths, frequencies, and energies of the different
regions of the electromagnetic spectrum;
2. describe how the electromagnetic spectrum is arranged; and
3. cite some importance of EM waves in the field of communication, medicine,
industry and in agriculture.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate answer
sheet.
1. Radio waves have the longest wavelengths in the spectrum. Which of the following
regions of the EM spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
A. X-ray
B. Visible light
C. Gamma-rays
D. Ultraviolet rays

2. There are seven different regions in the Electromagnetic spectrum. Which region
is next to visible light?
A. Infrared
B. Microwaves
C. Radio waves
D. Ultraviolet rays

3. Electromagnetic waves have a large range of wavelengths and frequencies. Which

of the following is the correct wavelength of visible light?
A. 1 x 10-3 m - 1 x 10-1 m
B. 7 x 10-7 m - 1 x 10-3 m
C. 4 x 10-7 m - 7 x 10-7 m
D. 1 x 10-8 m - 4 x 10-7 m
4. Visible light is found between infrared and ultraviolet rays in the spectrum. Which
of the following is correctly arranged in order of increasing energy?
A. radio waves, infrared, visible light, gamma-rays and X-rays
B. radio waves, infrared, ultraviolet rays, visible light, and X-rays
C. radio waves, microwaves, visible light, X-rays, and gamma-rays
D. microwaves, radio waves, ultraviolet rays, x-rays, and gamma-rays

5. Based on the study, mobile phone radiation has adverse health effects on humans such as
changes in brain activity, reaction times, and sleep patterns. Which of the following statements
does not show reducing radiation exposure from mobile phone?
A. Using headset or speakerphone when calling.
B. Putting your cell phone in your pocket while it is on.
C. Limiting the amount of time you spend talking on a mobile phone.
D. Not putting your cell phone under your pillow when you are sleeping.

RECAP
In your previous lesson, you have learned the different properties of EM waves.
Do you still remember those properties?
Let us have a short activity about the different properties of EM waves by
completing the sentence below.
Fill in the missing words on the blanks. Choose the word in the box that would
best complete the idea of the sentence.

energy perpendicular space refract transverse

vacuum reflect light diffract longitudinal

Electromagnetic (EM) waves are waves produced by oscillation of accelerating

electric charges and a magnetic field in (1) ____________________. The EM waves are
(2) ___________ waves and they travel in a direction (3) __________ to particle vibration.
They can travel with a speed of (4) ____________ in (5) _____________ and transfer (6)
________________from one place to another. EM waves can also (7) _________ from a
surface and (8) _____________ around corners.
 LESSON
Regions of Electromagnetic Spectrum
Electromagnetic (EM) waves have a large range
of wavelengths and frequencies. This range is also
known as Electromagnetic Spectrum. The spectrum is
divided into seven different regions that are arranged
in order of decreasing wavelengths and
increasing frequencies and energies as shown
in Figure 1.
The different regions of EM waves in the
spectrum according to decreasing wavelength
are radio waves, microwaves, infrared (IR),
ultraviolet (UV) ray, visible light (VL), X-ray, Figure 1: The Electromagnetic Spectrum
and gamma ray.

Radio Waves
Radio waves are found in the spectrum above the
microwaves, with wavelengths greater than 0.10 m (100
millimeters), a frequency less than 3 x 109 Hz and energy less
than 2 x 10−24 J. Radio waves have the longest wavelengths in
the spectrum but have the lowest frequency and energy.
Microwaves
Microwaves are in the range between radio waves and
infrared in the spectrum with wavelengths approximately 1 x
10−3 m to 1 x 10−1 m, a frequency about 3 x 109 Hz to 3 x 1011
Hz and energy of about 2 x 10−24 J to 2 x 10−22 J. Microwaves
have smaller wavelengths but have higher frequency and energy
than radio waves.

Infrared (IR)
Infrared is in the range of the spectrum between
microwaves and visible light, with wavelengths range from 7 x
10−7 m to 1 x 10−3 m, a frequency from 3 x 1011 Hz to 3 x 1014
Hz, and energy from 2 x 10-22 J to 3 x 10-19 J. It is divided into
three main regions, Near Infrared (NIR): 0.7- 1.3 micrometer,
Shortwave Infrared (SWIR): from 1.3 – 3 micrometer and the Far
or Thermal Infrared from 3- 100 micrometer. Infrared light is
invisible to human eyes, but we can feel it as heat if the intensity
is sufficient.

Visible Light
Visible light lies beyond ultraviolet light with wavelengths from 4 x 10-7 m to
−7
7 x 10 m, a frequency from 4 x 1014 Hz to 7.5 x 1014 Hz, and energy from 3 x 10-
19 J to 5 x 10−7 J. Visible light has seven different colors, arranged in order of

decreasing wavelengths and increasing frequencies. These are red,

orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. Visible light is visible to human eyes
because our eyes are sensitive to wavelengths that range from 4 x 10-7 m to 7 x 10−7
m which is the range of visible light.
Table 1: The Wavelength of the Different Colors of Light
Color Wavelength (nm)
Violet-Indigo 390 t0 455
Blue 455 to 492
Green 492 to 577
Yellow 577 to 597
Orange 597 to 622
Red 622 to 700

Ultraviolet (UV)
Ultraviolet light falls in the EM spectrum between visible
light and X-rays. Its wavelengths range from 1 x 10-8 m to 4 x
10−7 m, a frequency from 7.5 x 1014 Hz to 3 x 1016 Hz, and
energy from 5 x 10-19 J to 2 x 10−17 J. The UV portion in the
spectrum is subdivided into UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C rays. UV-
C rays which are the most harmful and almost completely
absorbed by the atmosphere.UV-B rays are the harmful rays
that can cause sunburn and UV-A waves are invisible to the
human eye but some insects such as bumblebees can see
them. UV rays have shorter wavelengths but have higher frequencies and energies
than visible light.

X-rays
X-rays are found in the EM spectrum after ultraviolet
rays, with wavelengths ranging from 1 x 10-11 m to 1 x 10−8 m,
a frequency from 3 x 1016 Hz to 3 x 1019 Hz, and energy from 2
x 10-17 J to 2 x 10−14 J. X-rays are produced by accelerating
electrons. X-rays have shorter wavelength but carries higher
energy than UV rays.

Gamma-rays
Gamma-rays are found at the lowest range of the EM
spectrum with wavelengths of less than about 1 x 10−11 m, a
frequency greater than about 3 x 1019 Hz, and energy greater
than about 2 x 10−14 J. They have the shortest wavelength in
the spectrum but have the highest frequency and energy.
Gamma-rays are produced by atomic nuclei. Too much
exposure is extremely dangerous to humans.

Let us now do the activities below. Use a separate paper for your answer.
 ACTIVITY
Activity 1
Don’t Compare Me!!!

Learning Competency:
➢ Compare the relative wavelengths, frequencies, and energies of the different
regions of electromagnetic spectrum (S10FE-IIa-b-47.6)
Materials: pen and short bond paper

Procedure:
Study the table below and compare the relative wavelengths, frequencies and
energies of the different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

The relative wavelengths, frequencies, and energies of electromagnetic waves

Regions Wavelength (m) Frequency (Hz) Energy (J)
1. Radio Waves > 1 x 10-1 < 3 x 10 9 < 2 x 10-24
2. Microwaves 1 x 10-3 - 1 x 10-1 3 x 109 - 3 x 1011 2 x 10-24- 2 x 10-22
3. Infrared (IR) 7 x 10-7 - 1 x 10-3 3 x 1011 - 4 x 1014 2 x 10-22 - 3 x 10-19
4. Visible Light 4 x 10-7 - 7 x 10-7 4 x 1014 - 7.5 x 1014 3 x 10-19 - 5 x 10-19
5. Ultraviolet rays 1 x 10-8 - 4 x 10-7 7.5 x 1014 - 3 x 1016 5 x 10-19 - 2 x 10-17
6. X-rays 1 x 10-11 - 1 x 10-8 3 x 1016 - 3 x 1019 2 x 10-17 - 2 x 10-14
7. Gamma rays < 1 x 10-11 > 3 x 1019 > 2 x 10-14

Compare the following EM waves.

Fill in the missing words on the blanks to complete the idea of the sentence. Write
your answer on a separate answer sheet.
1. Gamma-ray has _____________ wavelength than X-ray.
2. Radio waves have __________ frequency than infrared.
3. Ultraviolet rays have ___________ wavelength than gamma-ray.
4. Infrared has __________ energy than microwaves.
5. X-ray has ____________ frequency than ultraviolet rays.
6. Radio waves have __________ wavelength than gamma-rays.
7. Visible light has _________energy than Ultraviolet rays.
8. Gamma-ray has __________ energy than radio waves.
9. Microwaves have ______wavelengths than visible light but ____ than radio waves.
10. X-ray has ________ energy than ultraviolet rays but ________ than gamma rays.

Closure:
Which of the EM wave has the following characteristics?
a. Longest wavelengths? ____________________
b. Shortest wavelengths? ____________________
c. Highest frequency? ____________________
d. Lowest frequency? ____________________
e. Highest energy? ____________________
f. Lowest energy? _____________________
 Activity 2
Who AM I?
Learning Competency:
➢ Compare the relative wavelengths, frequencies, and energies of the
different regions of electromagnetic spectrum (S10FE-IIa-b-47.6)
➢ Label each part of the spectrum in order of decreasing wavelengths
and increasing energy and frequency.

Materials:
Pencil with eraser, ruler, coloring materials and short bond paper

Procedure:
1. Color the seven boxes under visible light according to decreasing wavelength.
2. Label each part of the spectrum in order of increasing frequency.
3. Draw the wavelengths of EM waves in letter C, from radio waves to gamma
rays.
4. Give at least one use of each EM wave.

Questions:
1. Which of the regions in the spectrum is visible to the human eye? __________
2. Which electromagnetic waves help produce Vitamin D? ____________________
3. What type of EM wave is used in RADAR? _________________________________
Closure: What are the seven types of EM waves? _________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
 WRAP-UP
Complete the sentences below. Write your answer on a separate answer sheet.
1. A __________________ is visible to human eye.
2. The radio waves have _________________ frequency and energy.
3. The _________________________ have longer wavelength than X-ray but shorter than
visible light.
4. Microwaves have _________________ wavelength than infrared.
5. The ________________ have lower energy than Gamma ray but higher than
Ultraviolet rays.
6. The gamma rays have _________________ wavelength.
7. The __________________ have the longest wavelength.
8. Infrared has ____________ frequency than visible light.
9. _________________ has longer wavelength than visible light but shorter than
microwaves.
10. ________________ have the highest frequency and energy.

VALUING
Online selling, virtual meetings, online learning, kumustahan with friends
through mobile phones or computers are what we are doing now. Wireless
communication is one of the uses of radio waves because they are transmitted easily
through air. When these waves are absorbed by the human body they do not cause
damage and they can be reflected to change their direction. These properties of radio
waves make them ideal for communication.
To know more about Electromagnetic waves, do Activity 3: The
Electromagnetic Spectrum!

Activity 3
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Learning Competency:
➢ Compare the relative wavelengths, frequencies, and energies of the
different regions of electromagnetic spectrum (S10FE-IIa-b-47.6)
➢ Name the different regions of electromagnetic spectrum.

Materials: Picture of EM spectrum, pen, coloring materials, ruler and bond paper
Procedure:
1.Draw the EM spectrum on a short bond paper.
2. Study the figure and answer the questions.
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/15/59/e3/1559e35622353556cafaf54bec69f85e.jpg
Questions:
1. Based on the figure above, write the order of EM waves according to the
increasing wavelength. _________________________________________________
2. Write the order of EM waves according to increasing frequency and energy.
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. Which do you think in the EM waves is used for communication? ___________
Closure: What do you think is the most important EM wave? Explain your answer.
_______________________________________________________________________________

POSTTEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a
separate answer sheet.

1. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves. Which of the following EM waves has
the longest wavelength?
A. Radio waves
B. Visible light
C. Microwaves
D. X-ray

2. The spectrum is divided into seven different regions that are arranged according
to decreasing wavelengths and increasing frequencies and energies. Which two waves
lie at the end of the electromagnetic spectrum?
A. Visible light and gamma-rays
B. Radio waves and microwaves
C. Ultraviolet rays and X-rays
D. X-rays and gamma-rays
3. The gamma rays have the shortest wavelengths. Which of the following is the
wavelength of gamma-rays?
A. 10-11 m
B. 10-8 m
C. 10-7 m
D. 10-3 m

4. The visible light is found at middle of the spectrum. Which of the following is
correctly arranged in order of increasing wavelengths?
A. X-ray, ultraviolet rays, microwaves, and infrared
B. X-rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, and microwaves
C. Gamma-rays, X-rays, visible light, and ultraviolet rays
D. Gamma-rays, Visible light, ultraviolet rays and microwaves

5. Electromagnetic waves have many uses but dangerous. The following are ways of
reducing radiation exposure EXCEPT
A. Never sleep with your phone under your pillow or within four feet of your head.
B. Minimize the time that you are in contact with radioactive material.
C. UV lamps should be used to sterilize hands or other areas of skin.
D. Wear sunglasses when you are under the sun.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

PRETEST POSTTEST RECAP

1.C 1. A 1. space 6. energy
2. D 2. D 2. transverse 7. reflect
3. C 3. A 3. perpendicular 8. diffract
4. C 4. B 4. light
5. B 5. C 5. vacuum
ACTIVITY 1
Questions: Closure:
1. shorter 6. Longer a. Radio waves
2. lower 7. Lower b. Gamma-ray
3. longer 8. Higher c. Gamma-ray
4. higher 9. longer, higher d. Radio waves
5. higher 10. higher, lower e. Gamma-ray
f. Radio waves

Questions:
1. Visible light
2. Ultraviolet rays
3. Radio waves/ microwaves
Closure: Radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-ray,
Gamma-ray

Wrap-up
1. visible light 6. shortest
2. lowest 7. Radio waves
3. ultraviolet rays 8. lower
4. longer 9. infrared
5. X-ray 10. Gamma-ray
 Continuation of Key to Correction...

Activity 3:
1. Increasing Wavelength: Gamma-ray, X-ray, Ultraviolet rays, Visible
light, Infrared, Microwaves and Radio waves
2. Increasing frequency and Energy: Radio waves, Microwaves,
Infrared, Visible light, Ultraviolet rays, X-ray, and Gamma-ray
3. Radio waves/microwaves

Closure: Answer may vary .

REFERENCES
Books
• Valdoz, Meliza P., et. al. 2017. Science Links 10. Quezon City. Rex Book Store Inc.
pp. 96-98
• Republic of the Philippines, Department of Education.2015. Science Learner’s
Material 10. Quezon City. Rex Book Store, Inc. pp. 147-163

Electronic Sources
• https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/toolbox/emspectrum1.html
• https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z9rqsrd/revision/2
• https://www.livescience.com/38169electromagnetism.html#:~:text=The%20EM%
20spectrum%20is%20generally,X%2Drays%20and%20gamma%20rays.
• https://i.pinimg.com/564x/dc/20/60/dc20601ed799abe7a9b136c4cf288fbd.jpg
• http://gsp.humboldt.edu/OLM/Courses/GSP_216_Online/lesson12/spectrum.ht
ml
• https://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/toolbox/spectrum_chart.html
• https://image.slidesharecdn.com/emsim-171130115813/95/electromagnetic-
spectrum-em-spectrum-23-638.jpg?cb=1512043162
• https://www.stickmanphysics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/EM-Waves-
Spectrum-1.jpg
• https://static.vecteezy.com/system/resources/previews/000/084/479/non_2x/c
ell-tower-vector-set.jpg
• https://grid.gograph.com/microwave-eps-illustration_gg72222132.jpg
• https://st2.depositphotos.com/1452420/6516/i/450/depositphotos_65162513-
stock-photo-heat-leak-detection.jpg
• https://static4.depositphotos.com/1000820/320/i/450/depositphotos_3209896-
stock-photo-midday-sun.jpg
• https://static9.depositphotos.com/1001146/1180/i/450/depositphotos_118024
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• https://media.sciencephoto.com/image/c0456182/400wm