STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
OF PROPOSED ONE-STOREY CAR WASH BUILDING
(Commercial)
ROOF FRAME ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Project Name ONE-STOREY CAR WASH BUILDING
Owner Josie M. Monte De Ramos
Location Km.6, Bonifacio, Surigao City
Occupancy Commercial
DESIGN PARAMETER
fc' = 20.70 MPa compressive strength of concrete
φ = 0.90 - strength reduction factor
fy = 235.00 MPa yield strength of reinforcement
Fy = 275.00 MPa yield strength of structural steel
Live Load = 4800.00 Pa retail (NSCP Table 205-1)
Roof Live Load = 1000.00 Pa minimum roof live load (NSCP Table 205-3)
Ceiling Dead Load = 720.00 Pa minimum design dead load (NSCP Table 204-2)
Roof Covering = 380.00 Pa minimum design dead load (NSCP Table 204-2)
Connectors, and others = 25.00 Pa assumed weight of insulation, bracing, and nail strips
Velocity = 280.00 kph wind velocity of Zone 1 (NSCP Table 207-1)
Bay = 2.77 m distance between adjacent roof truss/rafter
Span = 3.80 m horizontal distance between supports of truss/rafter
Rise = 1.50 m vertical distance from the ridge to the eaves of truss
Density of Steel = 78500.00 N/cu m unit weight of steel
Density of Soil = 23544.00 N/cu m relative density of soil
q = 160000.00 Pa assumed soil bearing capacity
Occupancy Category IV
Basic Wind Speed 280 Kph 77.78 m/s
Directional Factor 0.85
Exposure B
Topo. Factor 1
Gust Effect Factor 0.85 Rigid
Velocity Exposure Coeff. 0.7
Velocity Pressure 2206.4216049 N/m2
Solution for wind Pressure
a= 2.6
1.2 use smaller
1.2 > 4% of horizontal dimension
Areas
Zone 1 59.36 m2
Zone 2 63.36 m2
Zone 3 74.88 m2
4a2
5.76 wind areas > 4a2
Zone 3 Zone 2 Zone 1
Net Pressure Coeff CN 1.6 -1.4 1.6 -1.4 1.6 -1.4
Wind Pressure P 3000.73 -2625.64 3000.73 -2625.64 3000.73 -2625.64
Structural Analysis 8
A. Purlins Computation
Փ= 21.5 Weight of Purlins:
w= 38.73 Pa
Pwind = 375.092 Pa
for Purlins try C-Purlins (C 75mm x 50mm x 1.2mm)
x= 0.600 Ax = 296.000 mm2 Ix = 2800000.00 mm⁴
T.A.= 0.945 D= 75.000 mm Sx = 37312.12 mm3
Bf = 40.000 mm Iy = 745033.31 mm⁴
Tf = 1.600 mm Sy = 10493.43 mm3
Tw = 1.600 mm rx = 46.70 mm
Dead Load Roof Live Load Load due to Wind Pressure
DL = 247.641 N/m RL = 558.093 N/m WL = 225.055 N/m
Load Combination = 1.2 DL + 1.6WL + 0.50RL (NSCP 203-4)
Load Combination = 936.30354 N/m
Neglecting Weight of Purlins
Mn = 898.02042798 N*m
use Fa equal to the half of Fy
Fa = 137.5 MPa
Req'd Sx = Mn/Fa = 6531.058 cu. mm. OK (SAFE)!!!
Normal and Tangential Loads
a. Normal Loads Fv = 0.40 Fy
Wn = 959.539539 N/m Fv = 110.000 MPa
b. Tangential Loads
DL = 89.221 N/m y= L/240
WL = 87.4419744 N/m y= 11.542 mm.
c. Moment Normal to Purlins
Mn = 920.306366 N*m
Vn = 1328.96226 N
d. Tangential Moment Acting on Top (treat as continuous beam)
Mdl = -21.3933563 N*m Mwl = -20.967 N*m
Rdl = 154.464666 N Rwl = 151.384 N
Combined Actual Bending Stress
Fb = 30.740632 MPa OK (SAFE)!!!
Check for Shear
Fv = 11.0746855 MPa OK (SAFE)!!!
Check for Deflection
y= 1.31350795 mm. OK (SAFE)!!!
RECOMMENDATION
Therefore, use 50mm x 100mm x 1.2mm thick C-Purlins at .6 m spacing on center
B. Steel Truss Analysis
NOTE:
TRUSS DIAGRAM FOR THE ANALYSIS OF EACH TRUSS MEMBER, PLEASE REFER TO THE PLAN
BY INSPECTION, LOADS ON WINDWARD SIDE CREATE MUCH STRESSES TO TRUSS MEMBERS
ADOPTING THE SAME STRUCTURAL STEEL FOR THE FULL TRUSS AND HALF TRUSSES
A. DEAD LOAD
Structural Analysis 8
Selfweight 1 factor
Purlins 38.73 Pa 38.73 N/m
Roof Covering 380.00 Pa 380.00 N/m
Connectors, and others 25.00 Pa 25.00 N/m
Ceiling + MEP 350.00 Pa 350.00 N/m
Top Chord DL 443.73 N/m
Bottom Chord DL 375.00 N/m
B. LIVE LOAD
Roof Liveload 1000.00 Pa 1000.00 N/m
C. WIND LOAD
3000.73 N/m
-2625.64 N/m
Top Chord 4161.5 N
Bottom Chord 4008 N
Web 2611 N
DESIGN OF TOP CHORD
try using 2 - < 50mm x 50mm x 5mm Top Chord
Properties of single angle bar:
D= 50.000 mm. Ax = 950.000 sq. mm.
B= 50.000 mm. Rz = 15.400 mm.
T= 5.000 mm.
Designing Stress = 0N I= A(r^2) mm⁴
T.A. = 0.000 sq.m. I = 225302 mm⁴
D.L. = 0N y= L/360 mm.
R.L. = #VALUE! N y= 0.000 mm.
Fa = #VALUE! MPa V = #VALUE! N
Fv = 110.000 MPa M = #VALUE! N*mm
Check for Shear
Fv = ### MPa #VALUE!
Check for Deflection
y= ### mm. #VALUE!
Check for Bending
Structural Analysis 8
Fb = ### MPa #VALUE!
Check for Axial
Fa = 0.000 MPa #VALUE!
Therefore, use 2 - < 50mm x 50mm x 5mm Top Chord
DESIGN OF BOTTOM CHORD
try using 2 - < 50mm x 50mm x 5mm Bottom Chord
Properties of single angle bar:
D= 50.000 mm. Ax = 950.000 sq. mm.
B= 50.000 mm. Rz = 15.400 mm.
T= 5.000 mm.
Designing Stress = 0N I= A(r^2) mm⁴
T.A. = 30.741 sq.m. I = 225302 mm⁴
D.L. = 0N y= L/240 mm.
R.L. = #VALUE! N y= 0.000 mm.
Fa = #VALUE! MPa V = #VALUE! N
Fv = 110.000 MPa M = #VALUE! N*mm
Check for Shear
Fv = ### MPa #VALUE!
Check for Deflection
y= ### mm. #VALUE!
Check for Bending
Fb = ### MPa #VALUE!
Check for Axial
Fa = 0.000 MPa #VALUE!
Therefore, use 2 - < 50mm x 50mm x 5mm for Bottom Chord
DESIGN OF VERTICAL/DIAGONAL MEMBERS
try using < 50mm x 50mm x 5mm Web Members
Properties of single angle bar:
D= 50.000 mm. Ax = 475.000 sq. mm.
B= 50.000 mm. Rz = 15.400 mm.
T= 5.000 mm.
Designing Stress = 0N I= A(r^2) mm⁴
T.A. = 30.741 sq.m. I= 112651 mm⁴
D.L. = 0N y= L/240 mm.
R.L. = 8453.674 N y= 5.833 mm.
Fa = 137.500 MPa V= 4227 N
Fv = 110.000 MPa M= 528355 N*mm
Check for Shear
Fv = 2.22784 MPa OK (SAFE)!!!
Check for Deflection
y = 2.681225 mm. OK (SAFE)!!!
Check for Bending
Fb = 117.2548 MPa FAIL (REDESIGN)!
Check for Axial
Fa = 0 MPa OK (SAFE)!!!
Structural Analysis 8
Therefore, use < 50mm x 50mm x 5mm for Web Members
Design β = 0.85
Computation of ρbal: (reinforcement ratio producing balanced strain conditions)
ρbal = 0.85fc'β600/fy(600+fy) = 0.04573
Computation of ρmax: (maximum steel ratio)
ρmax = 0.75ρbal = 0.034298
Computation of ω: (reinforcement index)
assume ρ = 90% of ρmax = 0.030868
ω= ρfy/fc' = 0.350434
Computation of Mu1:
Mn1 = fc'bd2ω(1-0.59ω) = #VALUE! N.mm
Mu1 = φMn1 = #VALUE! N.mm
Determine if compression reinforcement is necessary: (if Mu1 < Mu)
#VALUE!
CONSIDER AS SINGLE REINFORCED BEAM
Solve for ω:
ω = (1-√(1-2.36(Mu/φfc'bd2))1/2)/1.18 = #VALUE!
Solve for ρ:
ρ = ωfc'/fy = #VALUE!
Solve for As:
As = ρbd = #VALUE! mm2
Bars Selection:
try using 12
A16 = π*d /4
2
= 113.0973 mm2
N = As/A = #VALUE!
say 2 pcs
Check ductility:
ρmin = 1.4/fy = 0.001944 (minimun steel ratio)
As = NA12 = 226.1947 (actual steel area)
ρ= As/bd = #VALUE! (actual ratio of tension reinforcement)
ρmin < ρ #VALUE!
ρ < ρmax #VALUE!
.1/6√𝑓𝑐^
Vc = ′ 𝑏𝑤𝑑
Spacing of strirrups:
#VALUE! N #VALUE!
Vu = P-Wud #DIV/0! N
ϑVc/2 = #VALUE! N #DIV/0!
ϑVc = #VALUE!
Use = 10 mm
Av1 = 157.08 mm2
Use = 200.00 mm spacing
Av2 = #VALUE! mm2
Av1 > Av2 #VALUE!
RECOMMENDATION
Therefore, use 200mmx250mm Beam with 2-12mm Ø RSB as main bar and 10mm Ø RSB for stirrups
Structural Analysis 8
spaced @ 200mm O.C.
D. Steel Column
For G.I Steel Pipe Column
H= 3.000 m I= 3010520.00 mm⁴
A= 2047.83 mm2 S= 52677.50 mm3
D= 114.30 mm Z= 70654.60 mm3
T= 6.02 mm Rgx= 38.34 mm
Axial Load 13307.00 N
Slenderness Ration 78.24
Critical Stress 128.97 Mpa KL/r < Cc Intemediate Column
Critical Buckling Load 264112.15 N
Cc 119.82
α 0.65
FS 1.67
Allowable Stress 129.66 Mpa
Alowable Load 265519.32 N
Allowable Load > Actual Load Safe!!!
Allowable Load > Actual Load Safe!!!
RECOMMENDATION
Base on the Result of the analysis use 4" diameter X6mm thck Schd. 40. G.I Pipe
E. Reinforced Concrete Pedestal
Pu = 13307.00 N
try ρ g = 0.006
Ag= 985.2947 mm2
A actual = 62500 mm2
As = ρ Ag
As = 375 mm2
Bars Selection:
use diameter 12 mm
A = π*d2/4 = 113.09734 mm2
N = As/A = 3.315728
say 4 pcs
Check ductility:
ρmin = 1.4/fy = 0.0059574 (minimun steel ratio)
As = NA12 = 452.38934 (actual steel area)
ρ= As/bd = 0.0072382 (actual ratio of tension reinforcement)
ρmin < ρ OK (SAFE)!!!
0.01 < 0.08 > ρactual OK (SAFE)!!!
Pu = Փ (0.80) (0.85 fc' (Ag - As) + (fy As))
Pu = 670901.95 N OK (SAFE)!!!
` spacing of ties
48d = 480 mm
16D = 192 mm say 200
S = 150 mm
RECOMMENDATION
Therefore, use 250mm x 250mm Column with 4-12mm Ø RSB as vertical bar and 10mm Ø RSB ties spaced @ 150mm
Structural Analysis 8
F. Reinforced Concrete Column
Pu = 112651.00 N
try ρ g = 0.01
Ag= 985.2947 mm2
A actual = 45000 mm2
As = ρ Ag
As = 450 mm2
Bars Selection:
use diameter 12 mm
A = π*d2/4 = 113.09734 mm2
N = As/A = 3.9788736
say 6 pcs
Check ductility:
ρmin = 1.4/fy = 0.0059574 (minimun steel ratio)
As = NA12 = 678.58401 (actual steel area)
ρ= As/bd = 0.0150796 (actual ratio of tension reinforcement)
ρmin < ρ OK (SAFE)!!!
0.01 < 0.08 > ρactual OK (SAFE)!!!
Pu = Փ (0.80) (0.85 fc' (Ag - As) + (fy As))
Pu = 526009.43 N OK (SAFE)!!!
` spacing of ties
48d = 480 mm
16D = 192 mm say 200
S = 150 mm
RECOMMENDATION
Therefore, use 300mm x 150mm Column with 6-12mm Ø RSB as vertical bar and 10mm Ø RSB ties spaced @ 150mm
G. Reinforced Concrete Footing 1
SBC = 160000 Pa
assume wt of footing and overburden = 10% column load
A req. = 0.0831688 m2
B= 0.288 m.
A= 1.000 m2
Pu = 24572.1 N
σ ultimate= 24572.1 Pa
σ allow = 160000 Pa OK (SAFE)!!!
using d = 250 mm
vc = 1.517 MPa
ρmin = 0.0059574
Vu = 19166.238 kN
Vn = 0.0474706 OK (SAFE)!!!
As = ρ bd
As = 1042.5532 sq. mm
Bars Selection:
use diameter 16 mm
A = π*d2/4 = 201.06193 mm2
N = As/A = 5.1852342
say 6 pcs
Required Ld= 258 mm
minimum Ld= 188 mm use 300mm
Ld furnished = 1600 OK!
Bearing Strength = 3435793.9 N OK!
RECOMMENDATION
Therefore, use 1m x 1mx.25m depth footing with 6-16mm Ø RSB bothways
Structural Analysis 8
G. Reinforced Concrete Footing 2
SBC = 160000 Pa
assume wt of footing and overburden = 10% column load
A req. = 0.0914856 m2
B= 0.302 m.
A= 0.360 m2
Pu = 14637.7 N
σ ultimate= 40660.278 Pa
σ allow = 160000 Pa OK (SAFE)!!!
using d = 250 mm
vc = 1.517 MPa
ρmin = 0.0059574
Vu = 6403.9938 kN
Vn = 0.0167425 OK (SAFE)!!!
As = ρ bd
As = 714.89362 sq. mm
Bars Selection:
use diameter 16 mm
A = π*d2/4 = 201.06193 mm2
N = As/A = 3.5555892
say 4 pcs
Required Ld= 258 mm
minimum Ld= 188 mm use 300mm
Ld furnished = 1600 OK!
Bearing Strength = 2046716.4 N OK!
RECOMMENDATION
Therefore, use 0.6 x 0.6mx0.2m depth footing with 4-16mm Ø RSB bothways
Prepared by:
LINO G. APOSTADERO JR.
CIVIL ENGINEER
PRC : 15982
TIN : 409-270-735-000
PTR : BC 2215147
ISSUED ON : March 3, 2022
ISSUED AT : Butuan City
Structural Analysis 8
