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Day1 2

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2 views18 pages

Day1 2

python notes

Uploaded by

dasaf81046
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Python Programming - II

-By Nimesh Kumar Dagur, CDAC,


India
Standard Data Types:

• The data stored in memory can be of many types.


• For example, a person's age is stored as a numeric value and
his or her address is stored as alphanumeric characters.
• Python has various standard types that are used to define the
operations possible on them and the storage method for each
of them.
Standard Data Types:

Python has following standard data types:

• Numbers
• String
• List
• Tuple
• Dictionary
• set
Working With Numbers
• The interpreter acts as a simple calculator: you can
type an expression at it and it will write the value.
• Expression syntax is straightforward:
• operators +, -, * and / work just like in most other
languages (for example, C);
• parentheses can be used for grouping.
Examples

In Python 3.x version


Python Numbers
Python supports following different numerical types
• int (signed integers): positive or negative whole numbers with no
decimal point.

• long (long integers ): integers of unlimited size, written like integers


and followed by an uppercase or lowercase L. It is not supported in
Python 3.x version.

• float (floating point real values) :represent real numbers and are
written with a decimal point dividing the integer and fractional parts.
• Floats may also be in scientific notation, with E or e indicating the
power of 10 (2.5e2 = 2.5 x 102 = 250).

• complex (complex numbers) : are of the form a + bJ, where a and b


are floats and J (or j) represents the square root of -1 (which is an
imaginary number).
• The real part of the number is a, and the imaginary part is b.
Working With Numbers
• The equal sign (’=’) is used to assign a value to a
variable. Afterwards, no result is displayed before
the next interactive prompt:
Working With Numbers
• A value can be assigned to several variables
simultaneously:
Working With Numbers
Variables must be “defined” (assigned a value)
before they can be used, or an error will occur:
Working With Numbers
• There is full support for floating point; operators
with mixed type operands convert the integer
operand to floating point:

a+bj

0+1j
Working With Numbers
• Complex numbers are also supported;
• imaginary numbers are written with a suffix of j or J.
• Complex numbers with a nonzero real component are written
as (real+imagj), or can be created with the complex(real,
imag) function.
Working With Numbers
• Complex numbers are always represented as two floating
point numbers, the real and imaginary part.
• To extract these parts from a complex number z, use z.real
and z.imag.
Working With Numbers
• The conversion functions to floating point and integer (float(),
int() and long()) don’t work for complex numbers — there is
no one correct way to convert a complex number to a real
number.
• Use abs(z) to get its magnitude (as a float) or z.real to get its
real part.
Mathematical Functions

• abs() : The method abs() returns absolute value of x - the


(positive) distance between x and zero.
Syntax

Example
Mathematical Functions

• ceil() : The method ceil() returns ceiling value of x - the


smallest integer not less than x.
Syntax

x is a numeric expression.

Example
Mathematical Functions

• floor() : The method floor() returns floor of x - the largest integer


not greater than x.

Example
Mathematical Functions
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CDAC Noida
-2 -1

s=“CDAC Noida

s[5] N

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