OST Lab Record - Procedures
Experiment 1: Linux Commands
Procedure:
- Open a terminal on a Linux system.
- Execute commands like ls, pwd, cd, mkdir, and rm.
- Use file manipulation commands like cp, mv, and touch.
- Manage processes with ps, kill, and top.
- Execute networking commands like ping, ifconfig, and netstat.
Experiment 2(A): Odd or Even
Procedure:
- Take an integer input from the user.
- Use the modulus operator % to check divisibility by 2.
- If remainder is 0, print 'Even'; otherwise, print 'Odd'.
- Display the result.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 2(B): Check if a Number is Positive, Negative, or Zero
Procedure:
- Take a number as input from the user.
- Compare the number with zero.
- If greater than zero, print 'Positive'.
- If less than zero, print 'Negative'; otherwise, print 'Zero'.
- Display the result and exit the program.
Experiment 3(A): Print Even Numbers from 1 to 20 (For Loop)
Procedure:
- Use a for loop starting from 2 to 20.
- Increment the loop variable by 2 in each iteration.
- Print the loop variable in each step.
- Continue the loop until 20 is reached.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 3(B): Sum of First 10 Natural Numbers (While Loop)
Procedure:
- Initialize a sum variable to 0.
- Use a while loop to iterate from 1 to 10.
- Add each number to the sum variable.
- Display the final sum after the loop ends.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 3(C): Multiplication Table of 5 (Do-While Loop)
Procedure:
- Initialize a variable to 1.
- Use a do-while loop to multiply the number 5.
- Print each multiplication result up to 10.
- Stop when the loop reaches 10.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 4(A): Store and Display 5 Student Names
Procedure:
- Create an array to store 5 student names.
- Use a loop to access each name in the array.
- Print each name one by one.
- Ensure proper formatting in the output.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 4(B): Student Marks (Associative Array)
Procedure:
- Create an associative array to store student names as keys and marks as values.
- Use a loop to iterate through the array.
- Print each student's name along with their marks.
- Ensure proper formatting of output.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 4(C): Student Details (Multidimensional Array)
Procedure:
- Create a multidimensional array to store student details (name, marks, grade).
- Use a loop to iterate through each student’s data.
- Print the student's name, marks, and grade in a structured format.
- Ensure proper output formatting.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 5: Sorting an Array
Procedure:
- Create an array with random numbers.
- Use the sort() function to arrange them in ascending order.
- Loop through the array to print sorted values.
- Display the sorted array properly.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 6: Maximum and Minimum in an Array
Procedure:
- Define an array with numerical values.
- Use max() to find the largest value.
- Use min() to find the smallest value.
- Print both maximum and minimum values.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 7: Factorial Using Class
Procedure:
- Create a class named Factorial.
- Define a method to calculate the factorial.
- Take a number as input and call the method.
- Display the computed factorial.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 8: Date Difference Calculation Using PHP
Procedure:
- Create two DateTime objects with different dates.
- Use the diff() function to find the difference.
- Extract years, months, and days from the difference.
- Display the calculated difference.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 9: Inheritance in PHP
Procedure:
- Create a parent class BankAccount.
- Define methods for deposit and get balance.
- Create a child class SavingAccount that inherits from BankAccount.
- Implement an interest rate feature in SavingAccount.
- Display the final account balance after interest is added.
Experiment 10: String Manipulation Functions
Procedure:
- Take a string as input.
- Perform operations like length calculation, word count, and reverse.
- Use str_replace() for replacing words in a string.
- Convert text to uppercase and lowercase.
- Display all modified string outputs.
Experiment 11: Call by Value and Call by Reference
Procedure:
- Define a function to modify a variable by value.
- Pass a variable to the function and modify it inside.
- Observe that the original variable remains unchanged.
- Now, pass a variable by reference using &.
- Observe that the original variable gets updated.
Experiment 12: Email ID Validation
Procedure:
- Take an email ID as input.
- Use a regular expression pattern to validate it.
- Check for correct format (username, @, domain).
- Display 'Valid' or 'Invalid' based on validation.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 13: Mobile Number Validation
Procedure:
- Take a mobile number as input.
- Use a regex pattern to check if it has 10 digits.
- Validate using preg_match().
- Display 'Valid' or 'Invalid' based on the match.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 14: CRUD Operations in PHP with MySQL
Procedure:
- Establish a connection to the MySQL database.
- Create a table if it doesn’t exist.
- Perform Insert, Read, Update, and Delete (CRUD) operations.
- Display success messages for each operation.
- Close the database connection.
Experiment 15: Read and Print a String in PHP (CLI Mode)
Procedure:
- Take a string input using readline().
- Store the input in a variable.
- Print the stored string using echo.
- Ensure correct input handling.
- Exit the program.
Experiment 16: Factorial Calculation Using a Web Interface
Procedure:
- Create an HTML form to take user input.
- Use PHP to process the input and calculate the factorial.
- Implement a function to compute factorial using recursion or loops.
- Display the result dynamically on the webpage.
- Exit the program.
