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Module 5

The document discusses the functioning and features of microwave ovens, highlighting the role of a magnetron in producing microwave energy at 2.45 GHz for cooking food efficiently while retaining its nutritional value. It also explains the principle of microwave heating, which involves electromagnetic waves and their applications in food heating and cancer treatment. Additionally, it briefly describes the Orbcomm satellite system, which offers two-way communication services and position determination capabilities.

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4 views2 pages

Module 5

The document discusses the functioning and features of microwave ovens, highlighting the role of a magnetron in producing microwave energy at 2.45 GHz for cooking food efficiently while retaining its nutritional value. It also explains the principle of microwave heating, which involves electromagnetic waves and their applications in food heating and cancer treatment. Additionally, it briefly describes the Orbcomm satellite system, which offers two-way communication services and position determination capabilities.

Uploaded by

sahilsinghpradhan4444
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 5

Microwave oven
A magnetron produces microwave energy at a frequency of 2 45 GHz within the oven The
blade of the rotating stirrer reflects microwave energy and produces multimode fields in the
cavity A plastic ceiling around the chamber protects it from environmental problem Absorbed
microwave energy dissipates as a heat in the chamber. The food to cook is to be placed on a
rotating turn table to heat it uniformly The cooking temperature, humidity and cooking time
can be sensed and controlled by means of a microprocessor based controller The electrical
power input ranges from 1 to 1 5 KW and results a maximum microwave power of 700 watt at
2 45 GHz As microwave power penetrates up to a depth of 2.3 cm of the food, thus large pieces
of food materials can be cooked easily.
Features of Microwave Oven
 Less cooking time and even processing
 Food retains it nutritional value
 As the heat is generating within the material, thus the temperature rise will be much
faster than conventional heating.

The Microwave Heating Principle


Microwave heating is a multiphysics phenomenon that involves electromagnetic waves and
heat transfer; any material that is exposed to electromagnetic radiation will be heated up. The
rapidly varying electric and magnetic fields lead to four sources of heating. Any electric field
applied to a conductive material will cause current to flow. In addition, a time-varying electric
field will cause dipolar molecules, such as water, to oscillate back and forth. A time-varying
magnetic field applied to a conductive material will also induce current flow. There can also
be hysteresis losses in certain types of magnetic materials.
Applications of Microwave Heating
Heating Food
One obvious example of microwave heating is in a microwave oven. When you place food in
a microwave oven and press the "start" button, electromagnetic waves oscillate within the oven
at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. These fields interact with the food, leading to heat generation and
a rise in temperature.
Treating Cancer
Another application that leverages the effects of microwave heating is cancer treatment, in
particular hyperthermic oncology. This type of cancer therapy involves subjecting tumor tissue
to localized heating, without damaging the healthy tissue around it.
Orbcomm
The Orbital Communications Corporation (Orbcomm) system is a LEO satellite system, which
provides two-way message and data communications services and position determination.
Features of Orbcomm:
1. The Orbcomm system is capable of providing subscribers with a basic position
determination service through the use of Doppler positioning, which fixes position to
within a few hundred meters.
2. The free-space loss (FSL) is very much less. Propagation delay is correspondingly
reduced, but this is not a significant factor where messaging and data communications,
as compared to real-time voice communications, are involved.
3. The Orbcomm system provides a capacity of more than 60,000 messages per hour.

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