CSE/IT/SEM-4/M-401/ABSTRACT ALGEBRA/ASSIGNMENT-2017

GROUP - A
(Multiple Choice Type Questions)

Choose the correct alternatives for the following:

1. Let G be a Group and a, b ∈ G. Then (a−1 b)−1 is equal to

a) ab−1 b) b−1 a
c) a−1 b−1 d) b−1 a−1

2. The set {[2], [4], [6], [8]} is a group under multiplication modulo 10. The identity element
of the group is
a) [2] b) [4]
c) [6] d) [8]

3. Let G be a finite group of even order. Then the number of elements of order 2 in G is
a) 2 b) 4
c) even d) odd

4. The generators of the cyclic group (Z, +) are

a) 1, -1 b) 0, 1
c) 0, -1 d) 2, -2

5. Let f : G → H be a group homomorphism. Then Im(f ) is a

a) Cyclic subgroup of G b) Cyclic subgroup of H
c) Normal subgroup of G d) Normal subgroup of H

6. The number of elements of order 8 in a cyclic group of order 8 is

a) 1 b) 8
c) 2 d) 4
 
1 2 3
7. In the group S3 of all permutations on {1, 2, 3}; the inverse of   is
2 3 1
   
1 2 3 1 2 3
a)   b)  
1 2 3 1 3 2
   
1 2 3 1 2 3
c)   d) 
3 1 2 3 2 1
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8. The number of unit elements of the ring (Z, +, ·) is

a) 2 b) 3
c) 1 d) infinite
9. Let Z be the set of all integers and ⊕ be a binary operation on Z defined by a⊕b = a+b+10
for all a, b ∈ Z. The identity element of the group (Z, ⊕) is
a) 0 b) 10
c) -10 d) 1
10. Let Z be the set of all integers and ⊕ be a binary operation on Z defined by a⊕b = a+b+1
for all a, b ∈ Z. Then the inverse of the element 5 is
a) 5 b) -5
c) -6 d) -7

11. In an Abelian group ◦(a) = 5 and ◦(b) = 7. Then (ab)14 is equal to

a) a b) a−1
c) b d) ab

12. In the group {1, −1, i, −i} under multiplication, order of −i is

a) 0 b) 2
c) 4 d) −4

13. The set {[2], [4], [6], [8]} is a group under multiplication modulo 10. The identity element
of the group is
a) [2] b) [4]
c) [6] d) [8]
14. Let G be a finite group of even order. Then the number of elements of order 2 in G is
a) 2 b) 4
c) even d) odd

15. The generators of the cyclic group (Z, +) are

a) 1, -1 b) 0, 1
c) 0, -1 d) 2, -2

16. Let f : G → H be a group homomorphism. Then Im(f ) is a

a) Cyclic subgroup of G b) Cyclic subgroup of H
c) Normal subgroup of G d) Normal subgroup of H
17. The number of elements of order 8 in a cyclic group of order 8 is
a) 1 b) 8
c) 2 d) 4

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18. The number of unit elements of the ring (Z, +, .) is

a) 2 b) 3
c) 1 d) infinite

GROUP - B
(Short Answer Type Questions)

19. Prove that a group (G, ∗) is commutative if and only if (a ∗ b)2 = a2 ∗ b2 , for all a, b ∈ G.

20. Prove that the identity element of a group is unique.

21. Let (G, ∗) be a group and a ∈ G. Prove that there exists an unique element b ∈ G such
that a ∗ b = b ∗ a = e, where ‘e0 is the identity element of G.

22. Let (G, ∗) be a group and a ∈ G such that ◦(a) = n.

(a) If am = e for some positive integer m, then prove that n divides m.

n
(b) Prove that for every positive integer t, ◦(at ) = gcd(t,n) .

23. Consider all the complex roots of the equation xn = 1. Show that they form a group under
the usual complex multiplication.

24. Let U9 = {[a] ∈ Z9 : 0 < a < 9 and gcd(a, 9) = 1}. Show that U9 forms a group under
multiplication modulo 9.

25. Find the order of [3] in U14 .

26. Let (G, ∗) be a group and a, b ∈ G. Suppose that a2 = e and a ∗ b4 ∗ a = b7 . Prove that
b33 = e.

27. In the group Z15 find the order of the following elements: [5], [8] and [10].

28. Let G be a group and a ∈ G. If ◦(a) = 24, then find out ◦(a4 ), ◦ (a7 ) and ◦(a10 ).

a+b
29. Let G = {a ∈ R : −1 < a < 1}. Define a binary operation ∗ on G by a ∗ b = 1+ab for all
a, b ∈ G. Show that (G, ∗) is a group.

30. Find out the order of each element in the Group S3 .

31. Find out the inverse element of (123) ∈ S3 .

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32. Find out the order of the permutation (1234)(56) ∈ S6 .

33. Find out the inverse of the permutation (1234)(56) ∈ S6 .

34. Prove that intersection of any two subgroup of a group G is also the subgroup of G.

35. Give a counterexample to show that union of two subgroups of G is not necessarily a
subgroup of G.

36. Let G be a group and H be a nonempty finite subset of G. Then H is a subgroup of G if

and only if for all a, b ∈ H, ab ∈ H.

37. Let (G, ∗) be a group and a ∈ G. Then the Centraliser of a is defined by C(a) = {x ∈
G : x ∗ a = a ∗ x}. Prove that C(a) is a subgroup of G.

38. Let (G, ∗) be a group. The Center of the group G is defined by Z(G) = {x ∈ G : g ∗ x =
x ∗ g for all g ∈ G}. Prove that Z(G) is a subgroup of G.

39. If G is a commutative group , then prove that H = {a ∈ G : a2 = e} is a subgroup of G.

40. Show that every cyclic group is commutative. Give a counterexample to show that every
commutative group is not cyclic.

41. Show that the 7 th roots of unity form a cyclic group. Find all the generators of this
group.

42. Prove that every subgroup of a cyclic group is cyclic.

43. Let H be a subgroup of a finite group G. Prove that the order of H divides the order of G.

44. Let H be a subgroup of a group G. Then prove that {aH : a ∈ G} forms a partition of G.

45. Prove that every group of prime order is cyclic.

46. Let G be a group of finite order n and a ∈ G. Then ◦(a) divides n and an = e.

47. Let G be a group. Show that if G/Z(G) is cyclic, then G is Abelian.

48. Prove that a subgroup H of a group G is normal if and only if xHx−1 = H for all x ∈ G.

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49. Let GL(2, R) denote the set of all non singular 2 × 2 matrices with real entries. Show that
  
 a b 
SL(2, R) =   ∈ GL(2, R) : ad − bc = 1
 c d 

is a normal subgroup of GL(2, R).

50. Prove that every subgroup of an Abelian group is normal.

51. Give an example to show that if H is normal subgroup of G and K is a normal subgroup
of H, then K may not be a normal subgroup of G.

52. Let (Z, +) be the additive group of all integers and (Q∗ , ·) be the multiplicative group of
non zero rational numbers. Define f : Z → Q∗ by f (n) = 3n for all n ∈ Z. Show that f is
a homomorphism but not an isomorphism.

53. Show that there does not exist any isomorphism from the group (R, +) to the group (R∗ , ·).
(R is the set of all real numbers and R∗ is the set of all nonzero real numbers).

54. Show that the group (Z6 , +) is a homomorphic image of the group (Z, +).

55. Let (R, +) and (R+ , ·) be two groups. Define f : R → R+ by f (x) = 2x for all x ∈ R.
Show that f is a homomorphism. Find out Ker(f ).

56. For any two integers m, n define m ⊕ n = m + n − 1 and m n = m + n − mn. Prove

that the set of integers, Z forms a commutative ring with identity with these two binary
operations.

57. Prove that every finite integral domain is a field.

58. Let G be a group and let a ∈ G. Prove that the mapping φa : G → G defined by
φa (x) = a · x · a−1 is an isomorphism on G.