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Sorting in C++

The document discusses various methods for sorting in C++, primarily using the std::sort function from the <algorithm> library. It provides examples for sorting in ascending and descending order, as well as custom sorting using a lambda function, and also covers sorting regular arrays. Additionally, it mentions the time complexity of std::sort and compares it to other sorting algorithms.

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102 views4 pages

Sorting in C++

The document discusses various methods for sorting in C++, primarily using the std::sort function from the <algorithm> library. It provides examples for sorting in ascending and descending order, as well as custom sorting using a lambda function, and also covers sorting regular arrays. Additionally, it mentions the time complexity of std::sort and compares it to other sorting algorithms.

Uploaded by

humayunahmedsust
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sorting in C++

sorting in C++

Sorting in C++ can be done in various ways depending on the sorting algorithm you want to
use. C++ provides a standard library function std::sort that makes it easy to sort
containers like arrays, vectors, etc.

1. Using std::sort
std::sort is part of the <algorithm> library and allows you to sort in ascending order by
default.

Example:

cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>

int main() {
std::vector<int> vec = {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6};

std::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end());

std::cout << "Sorted vector: ";


for (int num : vec) {
std::cout << num << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;

return 0;
}

Output:

arduino

Sorted vector: 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 9

2. Descending Order Sorting

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To sort in descending order, you can provide a custom comparison function or use a lambda
expression.

Example (Descending Order):

cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>

int main() {
std::vector<int> vec = {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6};

std::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end(), std::greater<int>());

std::cout << "Sorted in descending order: ";


for (int num : vec) {
std::cout << num << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;

return 0;
}

Output:

csharp

Sorted in descending order: 9 6 5 4 3 2 1 1

3. Custom Sorting (Using a Lambda Function)


You can also provide a custom comparison function, for example, to sort in a way other than
just ascending or descending.

Example (Custom Sorting):

cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>

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int main() {
std::vector<int> vec = {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6};

// Custom sort: sort by even numbers first, then odd numbers


std::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end(), [](int a, int b) {
if (a % 2 == 0 && b % 2 != 0) return true;
if (a % 2 != 0 && b % 2 == 0) return false;
return a < b; // If both are even or both are odd, sort normally
});

std::cout << "Custom sorted vector: ";


for (int num : vec) {
std::cout << num << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;

return 0;
}

Output:

arduino

Custom sorted vector: 2 4 6 1 1 3 5 9

4. Sorting Arrays
You can also sort regular arrays with std::sort .

Example (Array Sorting):

cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>

int main() {
int arr[] = {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6};
int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);

std::sort(arr, arr + n);

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std::cout << "Sorted array: ";
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
std::cout << arr[i] << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;

return 0;
}

Output:

Sorted array: 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 9

5. Time Complexity
Average/Best Case Time Complexity: O(n log n)

Worst Case Time Complexity: O(n log n) for std::sort (but O(n²) for some other
algorithms like bubble sort).

Would you like to see how to implement a specific sorting algorithm (e.g., bubble sort,
quicksort, merge sort)?

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