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Growth N Development

The document discusses the concepts of growth and development in children, defining growth as physical maturation and development as the acquisition of skills and behaviors. It outlines factors influencing growth and development, normal growth velocity during childhood, and methods for assessing both physical and developmental progress. Additionally, it highlights the principles of development and the eight domains of development, providing a framework for evaluating a child's milestones.

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16 views19 pages

Growth N Development

The document discusses the concepts of growth and development in children, defining growth as physical maturation and development as the acquisition of skills and behaviors. It outlines factors influencing growth and development, normal growth velocity during childhood, and methods for assessing both physical and developmental progress. Additionally, it highlights the principles of development and the eight domains of development, providing a framework for evaluating a child's milestones.

Uploaded by

plugpanda.music
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WELCOME

DR. KONA CHOWDHURY


ASSOC. PROF.
PAEDIATRICS
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
What is Growth

• Growth refers to physical maturation and signifies an


increase in the size of thebody parts and various organs. It
occurs as a result of tissue hyperplasia, hypertrophy and
differentiation
What is Development

• Development refers to acquisition and maturation of skills,


behavior and values on the part of the growing child. It
mostly depends on maturation of nervous system
Factors influencing growth and Development
• Genetic factors
• Nutrition
• Low birth weight
• Influence of hormones
• Chronic illness
• Chromosomal abnormalities
• Emotional deprivation
• Others e.g. social, cultural and environmental factors
Normal growth velocity during childhood
Age Growth Velocity
1st year 25 cm/year
2nd year 12 cm/year
3-4 years 7 cm/year
5-6 years 6 cm/year
7 years till pubertal onset 5 cm/year
Assessment of Growth

It includes assessment of

 Physical Growth – Anthropometry

 Reproductive Growth – Assessment of testis volume and other


secondary sex chatacers
ANTHROPOMETRY – The measurement of
• Length/ Height
• Weight
• MUAC
• Occipito-frontal circumference (OFC)
• Body Mass Index (BMI)
• Skin fold thickness
Measuring Lt by INFANTOMETER
STADIOMETER – Measuring Ht
Weight – measured by various type of weighing scale

Baby weighing scale

Bathroom Scale

Hanging Scale
OFC
MUAC – measured by Shakir’s tape
DEVELOPMENT – Development depends on the
maturation of brain
Principles of Development

• It is a continuous process

• It is cephalocaudal in direction

• Sequence of development is same but the rate is different

• Mass activities are replaced by specific responses

• Primitive reflexes are lost before the appearance of corresponding


voluntary movements
Assessment of development

By comparing the skills/ performances of any child with a standard age


specific chart of Milestones of Development
Domains of Development
Mainly Eight domains
 Cognitive
 Motor (Gross and Fine)
 Vision
 Hearing
 Speech
 Social
 Emotiona
 Self help/ Autonomy
Practically domains are grossly sub divided into 4
functional areas

1. Gross motor
2. Fine motor and vision
3. Speech, language and hearing
4. Social, emotional, behavior, self help/ autonomy
Homework

• Developmental milestones of a child of 3 months, 6 months, 9


months and 12 months of age

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