PROJECT 1

MYSTERIES
Subject: English

5th year
2024

Teacher: Carla Vega

 STARTER What do
you know?
Questionnaire
We’re trying to find out what schools can do to improve
students’ well-being. We’d be grateful if you could fill in
this questionnaire as honestly as possible. Thank you!
YOUR INFORMATION
Name Michael Jones
Age 16
School Middletown Secondary School
Email Michael@JonesFamily.co.uk
YOUR SCHOOL
Are you starting a new school now?
No, I’m not. I’m studying at the same school as
last year.
How does your school look after your well-being?
We can talk to our tutor if we have any problems.
Has your school got a ‘relaxation room’ where you can
go to chill 1 (…) ?
No – we can’t relax at school. If we want a quiet
space, we have to go to the library.
FITNESS
How often do you usually do PE, and what do you do? Look after yourself!
We do PE twice a week – usually basketball,
football, athletics … Vocabulary: health and
How could PE be improved? well-being RMF
We should have outdoor gym machines in the
playground so we can keep 2 (…) during break times. 1 Check the meaning of these phrases.
1
You don’t have to work out for long, but every little helps! Then read the questionnaire and complete
DIET 1–6 with the correct words. Listen and check.
Do you usually have lunch at school?
chill out cut down on fast food
I eat at school every day, but I don’t always have the
canteen food – I sometimes bring sandwiches. cut out sugary snacks eat healthy food
feel stressed get enough sleep
Is it possible to eat healthy food at school?
improve your mood keep fit
They should definitely cut 3 (…) on the fast food
meet up with friends spend time outdoors
options in the canteen. They should also 4 (…) out the
unhealthy snacks from the vending machines! take care of yourself work out
YOUR IDEAS
What suggestions would you make to improve the well- 2 Copy and complete the diagram with the
being of students at school? phrases in exercise 1.
It would be great to have a ‘chill-out’ space at school eat healthy food
where we can go if we feel 5 (…) . Also, I’ve heard that
some schools are getting pet dogs nowadays because diet relaxation and
animals can help to improve your 6 (…) ! well-being

fitness

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 Starter

3 How many phrasal verbs can you find in Grammar: modal verbs
exercise 1? Match five of them with the
definitions.
(present and past)
1 eat or do less of something 7 Read the examples. Copy and complete the
2 stop eating or doing something table with the correct modal verbs.
3 look after Modal verbs (present and past)
4 spend time relaxing We can’t relax at school. If we want a quiet space,
5 arrange to see someone we have to go to the library.
We should have gym machines so we can keep fit at
4 Read the questionnaire again and answer the break time. You don’t have to work out for long, but
questions. every little helps!
1 How does Michael's school look after students’
well-being? Modals
2 What does Michael suggest to improve students’ Present Past
fitness at school? ability / permission can / 1 (…) could / couldn’t
3 Does the canteen at the school serve fast food? obligation 2 (…) = must had to
4 What else does Michael suggest to improve
no obligation 3 (…) didn’t have to
students’ well-being?
prohibition mustn’t
Grammar: present simple advice 4 (…) / should have /
and present continuous shouldn’t shouldn’t have

5 Read the examples. Then answer the 8 Complete the sentences with modal verbs
questions. from exercise 7. There may be more than one
How often do you usually do PE? possible answer.
We do PE twice a week. 1 I didn’t meet up with friends last night because I
(…) study for a test.
Are you starting a new school at the moment?
No, I’m not. I’m studying at the same school now. 2 I tried to chill out before the exam, but I (…) relax
– I was too stressed.
1 Which tense is for actions in progress? 3 You (…) try to get enough sleep before an exam.
2 Which tense is for habits and routines? 4 I was glad I (…) spend time outdoors yesterday
3 Complete the table with the time expressions. because the weather was terrible.
How many more can you add? 5 You (…) work out at the gym if you don’t want to
– all types of exercise are good!
With present simple With present
6 You (…) eat too many unhealthy snacks if you
continuous
want to keep fit.
usually at the moment
9 Complete the questionnaire with answers that
6 Change the words in bold so the sentences are true for you.
are true for you. Write one negative and one
affirmative sentence for each. 10 Work in pairs. Compare your answers. In
1 We’re studying French now. your opinion, how could your school improve
We aren’t studying French now. We’re studying students’ well-being?
English. How do you think our school could
2 We study English six times a week. improve students' well-being?
3 I’m sitting next to the teacher at the moment.
I think our school should …
4 I usually work out every day.
5 I often meet up with friends on Sunday
evenings.
6 We’re finishing exercise 8 now.

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 Starter

Explorers
Vocabulary: personal
qualities
Dwayne Fields:
1 In your opinion, which personal qualities do polar explorer
explorers need? Make sentences with these
adjectives or your own ideas.
Born: in 1 (…)
brave calm confident curious enthusiastic
patient practical sensible sociable talented Age 6: moved to 2 (…)
First expedition:
I think explorers have to be brave because they might to the North Pole with
go into dangerous situations. I don’t think they need two teammates
to be … because … walked 3 (…) km in 4 (…) days
suffered temperatures as
2 Would you like to be an explorer? Why/Why low as 5 (…) degrees
not? Next expedition:
to the South Pole
3 2 Listen to Caleb’s presentation about
Dwayne Fields. Which of the personal qualities Other achievements:
in exercise 1 do you think Dwayne has? • ambassador for the
Scouts
4 Listen again and complete 1–5 in the fact file • inspires young people
about Dwayne Fields. to get outdoors

5 Answer the questions.

1 Where did Dwayne grow up?
2 Why did he decide to go on an expedition?
3 What did he see while he was walking to the Vocabulary: travelling
North Pole?
4 What did he do when he arrived at the 7 Look at the travel words. Are they nouns,
North Pole? verbs or both? Write example sentences for
5 Why does Caleb think that Dwayne is each word.
inspirational? journey tour travel trip

Vocabulary: extreme Grammar: past simple, past

adjectives continuous, used to
6 3 Read the sentences and change the
words in bold for extreme adjectives from the 8 Read sentences 1–3. Then match them with
box. Then listen and check. a–c. Which tense do we use for each?

amazing exhausted freezing Past simple, past continuous and used to

huge unforgettable 1 Dwayne Fields used to live in Jamaica.
2 He moved to London at the age of six.
1 This is a nice story. 3 While he was walking to the North Pole he saw
2 Dwayne had a memorable trip. seals and polar bears.
3 The North Pole is a big area of ice.
a an action that happened while another action
4 It’s cold there. was in progress
5 I’d be tired if I walked to the North Pole! b a single completed action in the past
c a past habit or state

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 Starter

9 Correct the sentences about Dwayne. Use Grammar: present perfect

the correct form of used to and the words in
brackets.
and past simple
1 Dwayne used to live in Canada. (Jamaica) 11 Read the examples and answer the questions.
He didn’t use to live in Canada. He used to live in
Present perfect and past simple
Jamaica.
Jade went to Everest Base Camp when she was 12.
2 He used to play in the snow. (forest)
Since then, she has skied to the North Pole and the
3 He used to train in the mountains. (gym) South Pole.
4 He used to be a Scout ambassador. (Cub Scout)
1 Which tense do we use to talk about a completed
10 Complete the text about explorer Jade activity that happened at a specific time in the
Hameister. Use the past simple or past past?
continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 2 Which tense do we use to talk about a completed
activity without a specific time?
While I 1 (…) (read) a magazine recently, I 3 Which time expressions are used in the example
2 (…) (see) an article about the polar sentences? Can you think of any other time
explorer Jade Hameister. She’s only 17 and expressions which we use with the present
she’s already skied to the North Pole and perfect and past simple?
the South Pole! While her friends 3 (…)
(celebrate) New Year in Melbourne, Australia, 12 Write present perfect or past simple
Jade was skiing across the Antarctic in questions. Then answer the questions with
freezing temperatures. Apparently, her love information from exercise 10.
of travel 4 (…) (begin) at the age of 12, 1 Jade / go / to the South Pole / yet ?
when her parents 5 (…) (take) her on a trip 2 Where / she / celebrate / New Year / last year ?
to Everest Base Camp. Since then, she’s had 3 she / ever / go / to Everest Base Camp ?
plenty of adventures. I felt a bit bad because 4 When / she / travel there ?
I 6 (…) (lie) on the sofa reading about her 5 Jade / already / have / lots of adventures ?
expeditions!
13 Work in pairs. Talk about your
Jade Hameister experiences of travel and adventure. Use the
phrases in the box or your own ideas.
What … ?
climb a mountain go skiing
When … ?
go to a very cold place
Where … ?
have an unforgettable experience
Who …
swim in the sea travel abroad
with?

Have you ever been to a very cold place?

Yes, I have.
Where did you go?

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 Starter

Good intentions Grammar: future tense review

Vocabulary: learning 3 Read the examples. How many different
tenses can you find?
techniques
Future tense review
1 Check the meaning of the words in blue. 1 I think I will pass my exams in June.
Which things do you do? 2 I’m going to work hard this year.
3 My friends and I are meeting at a study group
on Saturday.
4 It starts at 10 o’clock in the morning.
What are the best ways
5 We’ll support and encourage you!
to keep practising your
English and achieve
your goals?
4 Match sentences 1–5 from exercise 3 with a–e.
Which tense do we use for each one?
a a promise d an intention
b a prediction e an arrangement
c a timetable

5 Choose the correct option.

▪ I often watch video tutorials – there are some
great ones to help you understand grammar. 1 I’m revising/will revise this weekend. I’ve already
▪ I sometimes listen to podcasts in English made my revision plan.
– there are podcasts for beginners and 2 What time will/does the exam start on Monday?
intermediate level too. 3 Do you think you are getting/will get a good
▪ It’s great to use apps – especially for practising mark in the test?
your pronunciation.
4 Sorry – the dog ate my homework.
▪ Always take notes in class – that helps me to
I’m going to/’ll do it tomorrow, I promise!
remember things later.
▪ You must revise for tests – ‘little and often’ is 5 We’re speaking/’re going to speak English
better than leaving it all until the end. fluently one day!
▪ I like to study with friends – it’s more fun!
6 Work in pairs. Talk about your intentions
and predictions for this year. Use be going to
2 and will.
Work in pairs. Ask and answer about the
activities in exercise 1. Use the present simple,
present perfect or past simple. How are you going to improve
your English this year?
How often do you … ?
I’m going to …
Have you ever … ?
What do you think we will learn this year?
When did you … ?
I think we’ll …

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 3 Mysteries
A

WDYT? What makes a

good mystery?
(What do you think?)

Vocabulary: extreme
adjectives; descriptive
adjectives; adverbs of manner,
place and time
Grammar: modal verbs of
deduction and speculation;
past perfect
B
Reading: a magazine article
about modern-day mysteries
Listening: a podcast about
the Voynich manuscript
Speaking: expressing
certainty and doubt
Writing: a narrative
Project: write and act out a
film script

VIDEO SKILLS

Video skills p37

Extreme adjectives
1 Look at the words in the box. Which are used …
amazing ancient awful delighted exhausted
freezing huge tiny unforgettable

Real-world speaking p43 1 to describe how people feel? 2 to describe things?

2 Describe the photos using the words in exercise 1. What do you know
about them?
• a pyramid • Aztec sun stone • crop circles
• dark matter • Kryptos sculpture

Project pp46–47 Descriptive adjectives

3 Read the text and check the meaning of the adjectives in bold.

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C
Vocabulary 3
4 Match the words in the box to the definitions.
disappointing dramatic entertaining
puzzling unbelievable

1 not as good as you had hoped for or expected

2 too unlikely to be true
3 enjoyable or fun to do
4 exciting and impressive
5 confusing or difficult to understand or solve

5 Work in pairs. Talk about books or films

using the adjectives in exercises 3 and 4.
D
I loved A Spy in the House! It’s entertaining
and original.

One of my favourites is the last Harry

Potter book. It’s thrilling and frightening.

6 19 Listen to four people talking. Which

of the photos are they describing? Which

adjectives do they use?

VIDEO SKILLS
E

7 Watch the video. What scenery and

nature do you see?
Teens recommend
Can you recommend a good mystery book or film? 8 Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
1 What type of video is this?
Watch The Maze Runner. It’s about a boy who has to
a an advert for a travel agency
escape from a maze. There are frightening bits, but
it’s a really thrilling and original story. Very enjoyable! b a travel vlog
c a mini documentary
I loved Ingo! Sapphire and her brother Conor live 2 What makes the video interesting and
by the sea. One day, Sapphire follows Conor and attractive? Think about music, images and
discovers Ingo, a fascinating world under the sea. It’s colour.
a realistic story and there are some amusing bits too.
3 Who do you think the audience for the
video is?
Ink is an unforgettable book! It’s about a curious
world with two societies: people who tattoo their
life events on their skins and the ‘blanks’ who don’t.
They fear each other, but should they? It was really
inspiring and thought-provoking.

Pronunciation: Word stress in longer words p116 37

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3 Reading and critical thinking
A magazine article 4 Read and listen to the text. Are the
20

sentences true or false? Correct the false

1 Look at the photos and headlines. What do the sentences.
two stories have in common? 1 Blue dogs were seen in cities all over the world.
2 Some of the dogs had owners and others lived on
2 What do you think might be the explanation for the streets.
the two mysteries? Scan the texts and check
3 The dye factory was many kilometres away from
your guesses. the river.
Text A The dogs are blue because … 4 Ego Leonard is the real name of the Dutch artist.
a someone painted them. 5 It is not clear what the slogan on the figures means.
b they ate food which turned them blue.
c they are a new species of blue dog. 5 Choose the correct option.
d something else happened. (What?) 1 When a journalist posted photos of the blue dogs …
Text B The large figure on the beach is … a people from different countries became
a a trick photo. interested.
b advertising. b people were puzzled and worried.
c part of an environmental protest. 2 It was unlikely anything in the river made the dogs
blue because …
d something else. (What?)
a the river was too far from the dye factory.
b no dogs were ever seen in the river.
Subskill: Guessing meaning
3 Why did the dogs go in the puddles?
When you find a word you don’t know, try to guess
the meaning. a They were hot.
b They were thirsty.
• What part of speech is it?
4 Which is true about the figures?
• Do you recognise any part of the word?
a They were made to advertise a toy.
• Can the word/sentences before/after help you? b They are nearly two metres tall.
• Can the topic help you? 5 Ego Leonard …
a may be responsible for making the figures.
3 Word work Use the Subskill tips to guess b said that he had made the figures.
the meaning of the words in bold in the text.
1 locals 6 Work in pairs. Answer the questions.
a people who live nearby 1 Which story did you think was more interesting?
b places Why?
2 turned out 2 Have you heard of any similar mystery stories?
s
a arrived
b resulted / that had a particular result CRITICAL THINKING
3 dye
a substance used for changing the colour 1 Understand Read the second
of fabric or hair story and find the two different
ideas on why it might have happened.
b machine to produce electric parts
2 Analyse Explain the ideas and why they are/
4 puddles aren’t possible. Think of other possible solutions.
a strange things that happen 3 Evaluate Decide on a solution to the mystery
b small pools of liquid and justify your reasons for it.
5 advertising stunt
a ordinary advertising campaign
b unusual advertising done to get public attention
6 slogan
a short phrase that is easy to remember
b word puzzle that uses logic

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 3

Modern–Day Mysteries
Blue dogs and giant plastic figures.
Unbelievable or fascinating? It
seems everyone loves a good mystery
and solving them is fun – but do all
mysteries have a solution?

A Mystery blue dogs

It’s not every day you see bright blue dogs. When they started appearing in Mumbai in India, locals
found it puzzling, then worrying. A journalist posted photos on social media and the story quickly
went viral. Soon, people from all over the world wanted to know what had happened. Could someone
have painted them? Was it a joke? Were they a new species? It turned out that all the dogs were ‘street
dogs’ without owners. At first, people thought that the dogs could have been in a polluted river and
this somehow turned them blue. However, nobody had ever seen dogs there. Then locals noticed dogs
on the land outside a dye factory a few kilometres away from the river. The dogs had managed to get
inside the fences. There were puddles of blue dye all around. It was very hot and the dogs must have
rolled in the water to cool off, leaving their fur blue. Luckily, the colour wasn’t permanent and the dogs
were fine!

B Giant man found

on beach
Finding a plastic figure on a beach might not sound
particularly curious, but when it’s 1.8 metres high, it is!
When people first saw the photos, they thought they
weren’t real – but the figure, which looks like a giant
Lego man, is real. It was found on a beach in Japan,
and similar figures have appeared on beaches around
the world, including the Netherlands and the UK. It
can’t be a dramatic advertising stunt, as some people
thought, because Lego have said they didn’t create the
figures. So, who is making them and why? One theory
is that they might be the work of a Dutch artist who
calls himself ‘Ego Leonard’. He might have made the
figures to protest about the amount of plastic in our
oceans. Leonard hasn’t confirmed if this is true. All the
figures have the curious slogan ‘No Real Than You Are’
on them. What does it mean? Did Leonard make the
figures? Why? Nobody is sure – perhaps you will solve
the mystery!
A girl plays near a giant smiling Lego man in Zandvoort.
REUTERS/Marco de Swart (NETHERLANDS)

The longer read Resource centre 39

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3 Grammar

Modal verbs of deduction couldn’t

and speculation We can use both couldn’t and can’t to speculate and
make deductions about the past.
1 Read the examples and choose the correct He can’t/couldn’t have had bad news.
option to complete the rules.
3 Look at the photo and complete the
Present Past sentences. Use a modal and past form of the
It must be a joke. It must have been verbs in brackets.
a joke.
1 He (…) (have) bad news.
It might be the artist’s It might have been the
work. artist’s work. 2 He (…) (win) something.
The figures could be a The figures could have 3 He (…) (get) a new job.
protest. been a protest. 4 He (…) (hear) something
It can’t be an advertising It couldn’t/can’t have been wonderful.
stunt. an advertising stunt. 5 He (…) (ask) his girlfriend
to get married. If so, she
1 We use must when we think that something is (…) (say) ‘yes’!
definitely/possibly true.
2 We use could and might when we think 4 Complete the text with present or past modals
something is definitely/possibly true. and the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
3 We use can’t when we think something is It 1 (…) (be) in a museum, or it 2 (…) (be) in an art
definitely not/possibly not true. gallery. It isn’t clear. He 3 (…) (like) the sculpture
4 To talk about the present/past we use the modal because he is taking a photo of it. Also, there
verb + infinitive, and to talk about the present/ 4 (…) (be) any rules about taking photos there.
past we use modal verb + have + past participle. The photographer 5 (…) (take) the photo recently
because the camera looks quite old. I suppose he
2 Look at the photo and read what people said 6 (…) (be) a history or art student. I’m not sure, but
about it. Complete the sentences with must, he 7 (…) (do) a project about this sculpture recently,
could, might or can’t. Do you agree? and that’s why he’s there.
1 The photo (…) be in Britain or it (…) be in another
country. I’m not sure.
2 It (…) be in a town because there aren’t any
tunnels like this in villages.
3 She ‘s wearing a dress, so she (…) be a runner.
Definitely not.
4 She (…) know the photographer, or he (…) be a
stranger.
5 She (…) want to go through the tunnel, or she
wouldn’t be there. I’m sure of that.
6 It (…) be night time because I can see daylight at
the end of the tunnel.
5 Answer the question to solve the Brain teaser.

B R I N
A TEASER

A man lived on the tenth floor of a block of

flats. Every morning, he used to get in the lift
and go all the way down to the ground. Every
evening, he got out on the fifth floor and
walked the rest of the way.

Why?

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 Vocabulary and Listening 3
Adverbs of manner, place A podcast
and time
Subskill: Using key words to predict
1 Read the examples and complete 1–3 with Key words can give you an idea of what you might
manner, time and place. hear. Thinking about this before you listen means
you can check your guesses as you listen.
Adverbs of manner, place and time
He ran away quickly.
3 Look at the key words from the podcast and
She played well. choose the most likely option. Why do you
I searched everywhere, but I couldn’t find it. think it is correct?
She ran downstairs to play.
We’re going tomorrow. code decode experts manuscript mysterious
partially solve unknown language
Yesterday, I made a film. It took all day.
She’ll eventually go to university.
1 The language in the manuscript is probably a
1 Adverbs of (…) describe where an action language …
happens. a we don’t speak now, like Latin.
2 Adverbs of (…) tell us when an action happens, b that nobody knows anything about.
how long it takes or when it finishes.
2 They probably mention …
3 Adverbs of (…) tell us how an action is done.
a how people have tried to find answers.
2 Complete the information about a podcast b why people enjoy reading old manuscripts.
with the correct adverbs. Can you find more 3 It is possible that …
adverbs in the text? a someone has managed to understand some of
the manuscript.
in 1912 quickly inside
b nobody will ever understand the manuscript.

GREAT MYSTERIES 4 Listen and check your guesses. Were you

21
correct?
Science has made huge breakthroughs, but it can’t
explain everything.
5 Listen again. Are the sentences true or false?
Nowadays, computers do difficult calculations 1 (…) , Correct the false sentences.
but could they have existed
hundreds of years ago? The 1 There are no drawings of people in the manuscript.
Antikythera mechanism is 2 The evidence suggests that the writer was very
a computer. It was found familiar with the language in the book.
2 (…) a shipwreck in 1900 –
3 The manuscript first became famous when
but it was built around 100
Emperor Rudolph II bought it.
BC! It was used to calculate
the position of stars long 4 It’s possible Leonardo da Vinci wrote the book.
before scientists knew about 5 A lot of people have tried to decode the book and
astronomy and physics. understand the language.
The Voynich manuscript was bought by Wilfrid 6 The Ardic family say they have decoded about 500
Voynich 3 (…) . It doesn’t look remarkable, but it’s
words.
written in an unknown language. It was written
smoothly which suggests the writer knew the
language well. Is it a code or a lost language?
6 Work in pairs. Answer the questions.
Nobody knows! 1 What do you think makes the Voynich manuscript
most fascinating?
2 Do you like solving mysteries? Give reasons for
your answer.

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3 Grammar
Past perfect 4 Choose the correct option.
1 Read the examples and complete each rule GRAMMAR ROUND-UP
with one word.
Nobody had ever seen the language before he 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
bought the book.
Ardic first saw the manuscript four years ago – he Strange weather?
?
hadn’t heard of it before that.
The small town of Lajamanu in Australia,
Had Voynich heard about the manuscript and then
tried to find it? 1 (…) is hundreds of miles from the sea, had a
surprise recently. It started raining fish! The
fish were alive when they hit the ground, so
1 We use the past perfect to talk about an action
they 2 (…) alive when they were up in the sky.
that happened (…) another action in the past.
Residents 3 (…) as many fish as they could –
2 The actions in bold happen (…) the actions in they were happy it 4 (…) crocodiles! So how
blue. 5 (…) ? Scientists have asked 6 (…) that question,
3 We form the past perfect with subject + (…) (not) but they don’t have an answer yet. They think
+ past participle. a tornado 7 (…) caused the mysterious rain.
Tornadoes can lift up water and fish from
Short form of had rivers and drop them far away. It isn’t the first
time something like this 8 (…) . There have been
The short form of had is ’d. Don’t confuse this with
the short form of would. reports of rain with frogs, coins and birds in
different countries around the world!
I’d been there before. = I had
I’d like to go there. = I would 1 a whose b which
2 a must have been b must be
2 Complete the sentences with the past perfect
3 a collected b were collecting
form of the verbs in brackets.
4 a didn’t rain b hadn’t rained
1 We (…) (not hear) about ancient computers
before we listened to the podcast. 5 a it happened b did it happen
2 After we (…) (look) at the photo, we tried to 6 a themselves b himself
understand how the device worked. 7 a can’t have b might have
3 We (…) (not think) of researching this before we 8 a has happened b has been happening
read about it.
4 What (…) you (…) (learn) about the topic before
you listened to the podcast? Research
Time expressions Find out more about strange weather incidents
Time expressions that we use with the past perfect of animals or objects falling like rain. Where has
include by the time, ever, never, already, by then. it happened? What did it rain? What could the
explanation be?

3 Read the text and choose the correct option.

The giant heads – or ‘moai’ – on Easter Island are a mystery. When
the first Europeans 1 arrived/had arrived on the island in the 1700s,
they 2 never saw/had never seen anything like the statues before.
The Rapa Nui people 3 made/had made them out of rock between
1250 and 1500. 4 After/By the time they had carved them, the people
somehow 5 moved/had moved the huge heavy statues around the
island. One theory is that the people cut down all the trees and 6 used/
had used them to roll the statues into place. Another theory is that they
transported the statues by ‘rocking’ them forwards. The scientists who
suggested this theory 7 already did/had already done an experiment
with a copy of a statue. They moved the copy 100 metres 8 after/before
they had tied ropes to the head. However, this method wouldn’t work
well on hills. Perhaps the statues will always be a mystery!

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 Real-world speaking 3

Expressing certainty and doubt 4 Watch again. Which Key phrases do you hear?

1 Do you ever lose or misplace things? How do 5 Create your own dialogue. Follow the steps in
you try to find them? the Skills boost.

2 Watch the video and answer the SKILLS BOOST

questions.
THINK
Your friend can’t find an item. Think about where
1 What can’t Sam find? he/she might have left it.
2 Where do they think the missing item might be?
PREPARE
3 Complete the dialogue with five of the words Prepare your dialogue. Remember to use the Key
in the box. Watch again and check. phrases for expressing certainty and doubt.

always bag books class lunchtime school PRACTISE

Practise your dialogue.
Sam
PERFORM
I can’t believe it! I can’t find my headphones.
Julia Act out your dialogue for the class or record it and
play it to the class.
When did you last use them?
Sam
I think I used them at 1 (…) , 6 Peer review Listen to your classmates and
but I’m not absolutely certain.
Julia answer the questions.
You definitely didn’t use them then. We 1 How well did they do the task?
were at film club, remember? They might 2 Which Key phrases did they use?
be in your 2 (…) . Have you looked?
Sam
I’m sure they’re not there. I’ve looked three times.
Key phrases
Julia Expressing certainty
I wonder if they’re in your locker? There’s no doubt that … / No doubt …
You got some 3 (…) out earlier. It’s/That’s definitely … / You definitely didn’t …
Sam
I’m sure/certain/positive that …
I doubt that they’re there.
I 4 (…) keep them with me. It’s/They’re sure to (come). / It’s clear that …
Julia
Expressing doubt
Well, maybe they’re in your pocket.
That’s where they were last time! I’m not (absolutely/really) certain/sure (that …)
Sam It’s unlikely that … / I doubt that …
No, I’ve already checked. And anyway, Maybe/Perhaps … / I wonder if/whether …
I didn’t listen to music on the way to … might (not) …
school because I was talking to Alex.
Julia Real-world grammar
Umm … are you sure you actually They might be in your bag.
brought them to 5 (…) today?
Sam
Well … I can’t remember! Perhaps I didn’t!

Phrasebook p123 43
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3 Writing
A mysterio
m ious stranger
s

A narrative
i 4 Rewrite the sentences, replacing the
underlined adjectives with the words in the
1 Read the first episode of the story. Which box. Then add the adjectives in brackets.
paragraph or paragraphs:
ancient delighted exhausted
1 give the main events?
freezing tiny unforgettable
2 introduces surprising information to interest the
reader in reading the second episode? 1 The box, which was very small, looked old. (heavy)
3 introduces the setting of the story? The heavy box, which was tiny, looked old.
2 We were very happy to receive a present.
2 Read the episode again and answer the
(unexpected)
questions.
3 When I touched the box, it was very cold. (curious)
1 Who is/are the main character/characters?
4 My story about a box is very memorable.
2 Where does it happen?
(mysterious)
3 When does it happen (past, present, future)?
5 After these events, we were very tired.
4 What are the main events? (unbelievable)
5 What happens at the end of the episode? 6 The box looked very old. (strange)

Subskill: Making your writing more 5 Join the sentences using the words in brackets.
interesting Make any necessary changes.
Use a variety of adjectives, including extreme 1 Alex touched the box. His heart beat fast. (as)
adjectives. You can also use adverbs (manner, time, 2 One cold dark evening, someone knocked on the
place), and a variety of tenses. door. I opened it. (so)
3 We saw the box. We didn’t know what to do. (when)
3 Find examples in the episode of: 4 I opened the box. Something unexpected
• descriptive adjectives • modals of deduction happened. (after)
• dialogue and supposition
5 We were looking at the box. We heard a strange
• different tenses • adverbs of manner, sound. (while)
place and time

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 QUICK REVIEW 3
6 Choose three sentences from exercise 5 and
rewrite them using adverbs in the box or your Grammar
own ideas.
calmly carefully fast gently Modal verbs of deduction and speculation
We use mustt when we think that something is definitely
loudly quickly slowly
true.
We use couldd and mightt when we think something is
7 Read the text and look at the photo. Write an possibly true.
episode of a story about the box. Follow the We use can’tt when we think something is definitely not true.
steps in the Skills boost. Present
That must be true, as there’s no other explanation.
It could be from a museum.
Someone knocks on your
It might be a trick.
door. When you open it, there It can’t be from France because the writing isn’t French!
is nobody there, but there is a
small box. It looks very old and Past
has strange pictures and writing They must have leftt it as a surprise.
Our neighbour could have done it.
on it. There is a note which says, ‘Only open
It might have been anyone.
the box if you know the answer.’ It can’t have been /couldn’t have been Maria, she’s on holiday.

Past perfect
SKILLS BOOST We use the past perfect to talk about an action that
THINK happened before another action in the past.
Think about these questions. After I had opened the door, I saw the parcel.
1 Who could have left the box, and why? When Ellen arrived, I still hadn’t opened the box.
2 What might the writing and pictures mean? And Had someone leftt the box as a surprise?
the note?
3 What happened next?
Make notes. Use the questions in exercise 2 to help
Vocabulary
you.
22 Extreme adjectives
PREPARE amazing, ancient, awful, delighted, exhausted, freezing,
Organise your notes into paragraphs. Use your huge, tiny, unforgettable
answers in exercise 1 to help you.
23 Descriptive adjectives
WRITE amusing, curious, disappointing, dramatic, entertaining,
Write your story. fascinating, frightening, inspiring, original, puzzling,
realistic, thought-provoking, thrilling, unbelievable
CHECK 24 Adverbs of manner, place and time
Read your story and answer the questions.
1 Have you tried to make your writing interesting? Adverbs of manner
2 Have you used modal verbs of deduction and She walked slowly through the village.
speculation? He played the guitar carefully.
3 Have you used a variety of tenses, including the Adverbs of place
past perfect? After I got home, I went upstairs.
4 Have you included adjectives for describing I’ve looked everywhere, but I can’t find it.
things and events?
Adverbs of time
This story takes place in the year 2050.
8 Peer review Exchange your story with We worked on the film all day.
another student. Answer the questions.
1 Has the writer included all the answers to the
questions in exercise 2?
2 Have they included all the things in the checklist?
3 Do you like the story? Give reasons for your answer.

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 3 Project
STEP 2: PLAN
WDYT? What makes a good
3 Read the script again and answer the
(What do you think?) mystery? questions.
1 How does the scene start and end?
2 How does it get your attention and create
TASK: Write a film script for a a mystery?

scene from a mystery story or film, 4 Work in groups of four. Choose a film or
or invent your own story. Film your book to write a scene from, or invent your
own story.
scene or act it out in class.
5 Work with your group. Read the tips in
Learning outcomes
the Super skills box and practise saying
1 I can organise and write a film script in the the Key phrases with your group.
correct style.
2 I can use appropriate language from the unit.
CREATIVITY
3 I can use a variety of creative thinking
techniques.
Using a variety of creative
Graphic organiser Project planner p119 thinking techniques
Tips
Brainstorm as many ideas as you can and then
1 Watch a video of some students choose the best ones.
performing their film script. Who do you Listen to music to help spark ideas.
think Marie is? Why? Research the topic.
Have a break and do something active if you
get stuck.

Key phrases
OK, let’s (brainstorm some ideas / decide which
story to use).
Why don’t we (have a break / add some music)?
What about (adding some sound effects)?
Who’s going to (write notes / research the story)?
Who wants to (take each part / type the script)?
I’ll (video the scene / find some music).

STEP 1: THINK
6 Research the story and make notes.
2 Read part of the group’s film script. Which Discuss which scene to write and how it
features are not included in a film script? will start and end. Use the tips and Key
• description of where/when things happen phrases in the Super skills box.
• notes about actions
• full descriptions of costumes STEP 3: CREATE
• short descriptions of character
7 Read the How to … tips on p119. Then
• information about sounds create your film script. Use the correct
• details of how the characters should say style and the relevant information from
each line exercise 2.

46 Grammar and Vocabulary Quick review p45

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 Model project

[INTERIOR, OUTSIDE A PRISON CELL – NIGHT]

CHARLES, a Musketeer, adventurous, mid 30s, walks quickly inside the cell, with a young woman called
MARIE.
CHARLES Is this the place? Hurry, man, let us in.
GUARD, 50s, in a rush, worried.
GUARD Five minutes, then you must leave.
They all enter the cell together.
[INSIDE THE CELL]
MARIE, a beautiful young woman, finely dressed, early 20s and nervous
MARIE Sir, I have been looking for you for a long time. My name is …
PRISONER, wearing an iron mask so we cannot see his face, weak but dignified. Age unknown.
PRISONER (interrupting, looking at Marie) Antoinette, is that you? Is that really you? It can’t be. That’s
impossible! They told me you were dead! For a moment I thought … Who are you, and what do you want?
MARIE My name is Marie Lavelle – at least I thought that was my name. But now I think that might not
be my real name. My mother, Antoinette, died recently and I found some papers …
PRISONER (voice over – prisoner’s thoughts) Antoinette, my darling Antoinette, her mother? Yes, it could
be. Or could it be a trick?
PRISONER Papers? (pause) What did your mother look like?
CHARLES Sir, we wish to help you. This young lady believes that she might be related to you. But we must
know your true identity!
PRISONER I cannot do that. It would put us all in danger.
MARIE At least let me see your face! Charles can take your mask off.
GUARD What? No! You didn’t say anything about taking off his mask. You must leave now.
CHARLES Come with us!
GUARD Help! The prisoner is trying to escape!
Sound of running feet and shouting as other guards come.
[END OF SCENE]

3 FINAL REFLECTION
8 Film your scene or practise acting it out.
1 The task
STEP 4: PRESENT Was your film script successful?
Was it in the correct style?
9 Present your film to the class or act out your 2 Super skill
scene. How well did your group use a variety
10 Peer review Watch the other groups’
of creative thinking techniques?
scenes and answer the questions. 3 Language

1 What do you think happens right after each scene Did you use new language from
finishes? this unit? Give examples.

2 Which scenes made you want to watch more? Beyond the task
How/Why? Does hearing or reading about a mystery make you
3 Which scenes did you like best? Why? want to find the answer? Why/Why not?

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 3 Mysteries
Vocabulary
Descriptive adjectives 3 Read the review and replace the
underlined expressions with the adjectives
1 Match the extreme adjectives in the box to in the box. There are two extra words.
photos 1–8.
amusing disappointing dramatic entertaining
ancient awful delighted exhausted inspiring puzzling realistic unbelievable
freezing huge tiny unforgettable

1 2 3 Films to see
Following the success of Pokémon
Go, there is now a new film called
Pokémon Detective Pikachu, starring
Ryan Reynolds. It’s a mystery film
with a difference and it’s very
1 enjoyable or fun. As you’d expect,
ancient
it’s got a comedy side too and there are
4 5 6 lots of 2 funny moments. Twenty-one-year-old Tim’s
father, Detective Harry Goodman, has disappeared.
Tim decides to find him and meets Pikachu. It’s
3 confusing because, unlike other humans, Tim can
understand Pikachu. Pikachu is his father’s old partner
and the pair set off to find him. Things become really
4 exciting and tense when they end up in Ryme City,
a place where humans and Pokémon live together.
7 8 The combination of live action and animation is brilliant
I’ll always and surprisingly, it wasn’t too 5 difficult to believe.
remember this!’ I won’t tell you how it ends, but it definitely isn’t
6 worse than expected!

1 entertaining 4
2 5
3 6
2 Choose the correct option. 4 Answer the questions for you. Use
1 The film was really brilliant – I thought it was some of the words from exercises 1–3.
inspiring/disappointing. It made me want to 1 What have you read, seen or heard recently that
change the world!
was thought-provoking? Why?
2 The plot was based on facts and ordinary
situations – I totally believed it because it was
realistic/entertaining. 2 Do you like watching frightening films? Why/Why
not?
3 The characters were curious/frightening people,
very unusual and interesting.
4 The book made me think about some important 3 Do you prefer realistic or fantasy stories? Why?
ideas – it was really puzzling/thought-provoking.
5 The story is exciting and there’s a lot of action. 4 What’s the best film you’ve ever seen? Why did
Don’t miss this thrilling/unbelievable film! you like it?
6 I’ve never read anything like it before, it’s a really
amusing/original story.

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 Grammar 3
Modal verbs of deduction 3 Complete the text with present or
and speculation past modal verbs of deduction or speculation
(affirmative or negative) and the verbs
1 Choose the correct option. in brackets.
1 Dima isn’t at home, he always plays tennis on
Friday. He must be/must have been at the sports
centre now.
2 My phone isn’t working. It can’t be/can’t have
been the battery because I’ve just charged it.
3 Clara looks happy! She must pass/must have
passed her exams.
4 I can’t find my glasses. I can’t leave/can’t have
left them at home because I definitely had them
on the bus.
5 Sandra isn’t at drama club today. She might be/
might have been ill or she could be/could have
been on holiday, either is possible. The Yonaguni Monument
6 Phoebe and her brother Ben want to get a
dog. Actually, they might get/might have got The Yonaguni Monument off the coast of Japan has
one already because they were looking at pets puzzled scientists. It is a collection of huge rocks under
yesterday. the sea. Why is it so curious? Some people think they
1 might be (be) a natural phenomenon, and
2 Complete the conversation perhaps they formed because of an earthquake.
with can’t, could/might or must. However, others think perhaps humans 2
(make) them – they believe it’s more likely because the
That photo 1 must
lines of some of the shapes are very precise. There are
be fake. Surely it isn’t real?
square rocks and a star-shaped platform which they
argue that an earthquake 3 (create) – it
It is real! It’s a snapping turtle and it had spent would have been impossible. Professor Kimura has
two weeks in the ground by a dry lake. studied the rocks and because of this he is certain they
4 (be) man-made and they definitely
Look at all that earth on its back, it 2 5 (be) the result of an earthquake. He
be heavy! It definitely 3 go fast while thinks the monument is around 2,000 years old and
it’s carrying that. Is it in England, do you think? that people 6 (build) it above water
because they 7 (do) it underwater – it
No, it 4 be England because those would have been far too difficult. Another theory is
turtles don’t live there. It 5 be the USA that the monument 8 (be) evidence for
or it 6 be Canada, I’m not sure. the lost continent of Mu. There is one thing, however,
that everyone agrees on – the Yonaguni Monument is
I’m sure it 7 be hungry unforgettable!
after not eating for two weeks.

Definitely! 4 Complete the sentences about you.

1 My best friend must have been delighted when
.
2 Right now my parents might
.
3 Our teacher can’t have
.
4 My friend definitely can’t
.
5 My classmates could have
.

Grammar reference and practice Resource centre 21

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3 Vocabulary
Adverbs of manner, place 4 Complete the text with the adverbs of
place in the box.
and time
along around everywhere
1 Complete the table with the words and inside nearby outside there
phrases in the box.
carefully during easily everywhere in 2018 Mystery foam in seaside town
just loudly outside over there slowly
Cleveleys is a town on the north-west coast of
smoothly soon two weeks ago upstairs well England. When residents woke up one morning,
they were surprised to find the town was covered in
Adverbs of Adverbs of Adverbs of a mysterious white foam. It looked like snow and it
manner place time was 1 everywhere . Some people decided to stay
2 their houses in case it was dangerous
slowly
and others ran 3 to look 4
the area and walk 5 the beach. Where did
it come from? What was it? In the end, residents were
told it was a combination of tiny pieces of seaweed (sea
plants) and water, mixed up and carried onto the shore
2 Write the adverb form of the words. by strong winds. People who lived in towns
1 quiet quietly 6 heard what had happened in Cleveleys
2 beautiful and drove 7 to see the foam!
3 bad
4 good
5 happy
6 enthusiastic
7 terrible
8 hard

3 Order the words. There may be more

than one possibility. 5 Complete the sentences with an adverb
1 slowly / wrote / she / her name
of time.
1 ‘Will I see you later at the concert?’
She wrote her name slowly. / She slowly wrote
‘Yes, I’ll meet you there.’
her name.
2 It’s 6:00 am! It’s far too . I’m not
2 they / loudly / sang / very
going to get up yet.
3 We don’t have to give our project in
3 listened to / I / carefully / the instructions . It isn’t due until tomorrow.
4 Someone has broken the world
4 quickly / the / up / lift / went record! It only happened an hour ago.
5 the expedition, three explorers got
5 he / played / well / the guitar / has lost.
6 I’ve been to Brazil, but I’d love to go
6 laughing / were / quietly / we there one day.

6 Choose the correct option. Then

answer the questions about you.
1 What is the strangest thing you have
seen recently/recently seen?

2 Do you usually solve puzzles slowly or fastly/fast?

3 Did you watch any mystery films last year/yet?

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 Grammar 3
Past perfect 4 Complete the second sentence so it means
the same as the first. Use the words in brackets.
1 Complete the sentences with the past 1 The film started, then we arrived at the cinema.(after)
perfect form of the verbs in brackets. We arrived at the cinema after the film
1 By the time I phoned Declan, he had already left had started.
(leave) home.
2 I phoned Sarita. Someone told her the news before
2 They saw the band yesterday, but that. (already)
they (see)
them before? When I .
3 We (not read) the book before 3 We finished lunch. We went out.(when)
watching the film. out.
4 you (work) 4 The grass was dead. It didn’t rain all summer.
with Parvati before you did your project together? (because)
5 I already (hear) The grass .
about the competition when I saw the poster. 5 He spoke to an expert. It was too late. (by the time)
6 Katerina went to Greece for the first time last too late.
summer. She (not go) there 6 I saw an elephant for the first time in my life.(never)
before.
I .
2 Choose the correct option.
5 Complete the questions with the past
1 They were/had been in trouble because they simple or past perfect form of the verbs in
didn’t do/hadn’t done their homework.
brackets. Answer the questions for you.
2 Someone already bought/had already bought 1 Where did you go (you / go) on holiday last
the jacket when I went/had gone back to the
summer? (you / go) there before?
shop.
3 We were/had been worried because we didn’t
study/hadn’t studied for the test. 2 What was the last film you (watch)?
(you / ever / see) it before?
4 By the time they got/had got to the station, the
bus left/had left.
5 I started/had startedmy project last week. By 3 (you / hear) of Sam Tai before you
then, I did/had done a lot of research. (read) the article about him?
6 She never heard/had never hearda story like it
in her life, so she was/had been surprised. 4 What (you / do) this morning just
before you (come) to school?
3 Complete the text with the correct form
of the verbs in brackets. Use the past simple or
past perfect.

Imagine forgetting everything you Sam’s friends and social

know – every day. A few months ago, media were a big help. Sam
17-year-old Sam Tai 1 hurt (hurt) 8 (not remember)
his head playing rugby. He 2 what music he liked, but he
(seem) fine, but by the time he got could see his favourite bands
home, he 3 (lose) nearly on his profile. When his friends
all of his memory. Doctors 4 9 (message) him, he
(never see) anything like it before. could read past comments to find
Sam had a rare condition called global out who they were.
amnesia. Each day he managed to Before his accident, Sam
relearn some things, but the next 10 (hope) to finish his
morning when he 5 studies at college or to compete
(wake up), he’d forgotten them again. in sport, but he didn’t know what
Sam loved sports and, curiously, would happen. Fortunately, after
although he 6 (forget) a while he got his memory back
most other things, he 7 and now he’s fine!
(not forget) his karate moves.

Grammar reference and practice Resource centre 23

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