Approach of GENERAL SCIENCE &

TECHNOLOGY for UPSC

Prelims & Mains Examination
Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari
FACULTY OF VISION IAS
(Ex-Scientist IIT Delhi,Author of Mc Graw Hill)
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Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari
 Syllabus for Prelims exam om
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Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 GS (PAPER – III)
(Syllabus of Mains exam – Science)
Science and Technology‐ developments and their applications and
effects in everyday life, Achievements of Indians in science &
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Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics,

nano‐technology, bio‐technology and issues relating to intellectual
property rights.

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 Analysis of Paper – I (General Science)
SUBJECT 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Current events of National &

International importance
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History of India and Indian ail.
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National Movement hil l a
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General Sciences 18 13 16 16 14
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India and World Geography

Indian Polity and Governance

Economics and Social Development

General Issues of Environmental Ecology

Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
 Prelims Exam analysis (year wise number of question)
SUBJECT 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

BIOLOGY 0 1 6 8 3 0 2 0 1 1 1 0 0 2
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0 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 ail. 0 0 2 0 0 0
PHYSICS g m
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CHEMISTRY 0 0 0 1 0 0 for m 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Only

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 18 12 6 9 10 18 13 18 19 16 9 18 14 13

General Sciences 18 13 16 16 14 18 15 18 20 17 13 18 14 15

Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 Mains analysis
(year wise number of question)

S&T
(Mains)
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
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40-60 Marks
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Word Limits: (100 / 150 / 200 / 250)

Marks: (7.5 / 10 / 12.5 / 15)

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 ANALYSIS OF MAINS QUESTION PAPER
2014 - 2023
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Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

2014 Mains

1. Scientific research in Indian universities is declining, because a career in science is not

as attractive as are business professions, engineering, or administration, and the
universities are becoming consumer-oriented.Critically comment. (200 words)
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2. Can overuse and free availability of antibiotics without
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contributors to the emergence of drug-resistantly fodiseases
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available mechanisms for monitoring and control?
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Critically discuss the various issues
involved. (200 words)

3. In a globaliszed world, iIntellectual pProperty rRights assume significance and are a

source of litigation. Broadly distinguish between the terms — Copyrights, Patents, and
TradeSecrets. (200 words)

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

2015 Mains

1. What do you understand by “‘Standard Positioning Systems”’ and “`Precision Positioning

Systems”’ in the GPS era? Discuss the advantages India perceives from its ambitious IRNSS
programme by employingjust seven satellites. (200 words)

2. What are the areas of prohibitive labour that can be sustainably

a i l . co
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Discuss the initiatives that can propel research in premier hil l
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3. Discuss the advantages and security implications of cloud

hosting of servers vis-a-vis
in-house machine-based hosting for government businesses. (200 words)

4. India’s TraditionalKnowledge Digital Library (TKDL), which has a database containing

formatted information on more than 2 million medicinal formulations is provinga powerful
weapon in the country’s fight against erroneous patents. Discuss the pros and cons of
making this database publicly available under open- source licensing. (200 words)
2016 Mains

1. Give an account of the current status and the targets to be achieved pertaining to
renewable energy sources in the country.Discuss in brief the importance of National
Programme on Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). (200 words)
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2. Discuss India’s achievements in the field of Space, Science,
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the application of this technology helped India inl y foits
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words)

3. Why is nanotechnology one of the key technologies of the 21st century? Describe the
salient features of Indian Government’s Mission on Nanoscience and Technology and the
scope of its application in the development process of the country. (200 words)

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

MAINS 2017

1. Stem cell therapy is gaining popularity in India to treat a

wide variety of medical
conditions including leukaemia, Thallessemia, damaged sornea and several burns.
Describe briefly what stem cell therapy is and what advantages it has over other
treatments? .co
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2. India has achieved remarkable successes in unmanned
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space missions including the
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Chandrayaan and Mars Orbitter Mission, but has not ventured into manned space mission,
both in terms of technologyand logistics?Explain critically

3. Give an account of the growth and development of nuclear science and technology in
India. What is the advantage of fast breeder reactor programme in India?

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

MAINS 2018

1. Discuss the work of ‘Bose-Einstein Statistics’ done by Prof. Satyendra Nath Bose and
show how it revolutionized the field of Physics. (150 Words, 10 Marks)

2. Why is there so much activity in the field of biotechnologyil.in

co our country? How has
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this activity benefitted the field of biopharma? (250 Words,
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3. With growing energy needs should India keep on expanding its nuclear energy
programme? Discuss the facts and fears associated with nuclear energy. (250 Words, 15
Marks)

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 2019 Mains

Q1. What is India’s plan to have its own space station and how will it benefit our space
programme? (Answer in 150 words) 10 Marks

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Q 2. What is Cyber Dome Project? Explain how it can bela@useful gm in controllinginternet
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crimes in India. (Answer in 150 words) 10 Marks mai l 2 r

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Q 3. How is the government of India protecting traditional knowledge of medicine

from patenting by pharmaceutical companies? (Answer in 250 words) 15 Marks

Q 4. How can biotechnology improve the living standards of farmers? (Answer in 250
words) 15 Marks

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

MAINS 2020

1. What do you understand by nanotechnology and how is

it helping in health sector? (Answer in 150 words)

2. How is science interwoven deeply with our lives? What are the striking changes in agriculture
triggered off by the science-based technologies? (Answer in 150 words)
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3. Discuss different types of cybercrimes and measures required
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4.COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented devastation worldwide. However, technological

advancements are being availed readily to win over the crisis. Give an account of how technology
was sought to aid management of the pandemic. (Answer in 250 words)

5.Describe the benefits of deriving electric energy from sunlight in contrast to the conventional
energy generation. What are the initiatives offered by our Government for this purpose?
(Answer in 250 words)
Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari
 MAINS 2021

Q1. How is the S-400 air defence system technically superior to any other system
presently available in the world? (Answer in 150 words)
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Q2. What are the research and developmental achievements h il l a @
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Q3. The Nobel Prize in Physics of 2014 was jointly awarded to Akasaki, Amano and
Nakamura for the invention of Blue LEDs in the 1990s. How has this invention impacted
the everyday life of human beings? (Answer in 250 words)

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

MAINS 2022

1. Each year a large amount of plant material, cellulose, is deposited on the surface of Planet Earth.
What are the natural processes this cellulose undergoes before yielding carbon dioxide, water and
other end products ? (Answer in 150 words) 10

2. 12. Do you think India will meet 50 percent of its energy needs from renewable energy by 2030 ?
Justify your answer. How will the shift of subsidies from fossil fuels i l . co to renewables help achieve the
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above objective ? Explain. (Answer in 250 words) 15 gm
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3. Launched on 25th December, 2021, James Webb Space
O Telescope has been much in the news since
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then. What are its unique features which make it superior to its predecessor Space Telescopes ? What
are the key goals of this mission ? What potential benefits does it hold for the human race? (Answer
in 250 words) 15

4. . What is the basic principle behind vaccine development? How do vaccines work? What
approaches were adopted by the Indian vaccine manufacturers to produce COVID-19 vaccines ?
(Answer in 250 words) 15
Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari
MAINS 2023
1. How does e-Technology help farmers in production and marketing of agricultural produce? Explain it. (Answer
in 150 words) 10 [Interdisciplinary nature]

2. Introduce the concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI). How does AI help clinical diagnosis? Do you perceive any threat to
privacy of the individual in the use of AI in the healthcare? (Answer in 150 words) 10

3. Discuss several ways in which microorganisms can help in meeting the current fuel shortage. (Answer in 150 words) 10
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4.The use of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) by our adversaries across the borders to ferry arms/ammunitions, drugs, etc.,
ll a@hi
is a serious threat to the internal security. Comment on the measures being o
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words) 10 [Interdisciplinary nature] n l y for
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5.The adoption of electric vehicles is rapidly growing worldwide. How do electric vehicles contribute to reducing carbon
emissions and what are the key benefits they offer compared to traditional combustion engine vehicles? (Answer in 250
words) 15 [Interdisciplinary nature]

6.What is the main task of India’s third mood mission which could not be achieved in its earlier mission? List the countries
that have achieved this task. Introduce the subsystems in the spacecraft launched and explain the role of the ‘Virtual
Launch Control Centre’ at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre which contributed to the successful launch from
Sriharikota. (Answer in 250 words) 15
Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari
UPSC PRELIMS 2024: Solution a @
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General Science – 15 Qus

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Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

Ex-Scientist IIT Delhi, Author of Mc Graw Hill
SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D Kindly see current affairs updates (Marathon Class)

Q. No. 46 6 56 86 The National Biofuel Coordination Committee (NBCC) has set the
initial indicative targets for blending of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF)
1. Consider the Following with aviation turbine fuel (ATF).
materials:
Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)
1. Agricultural Residue It is a type of fuel produced from biomass sources such as
2. Corn Grain used cooking oil, waste animal
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m fat, manure and sewage, and
various types of organic gm waste including maize, foodgrains, rice,
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3. Waste water treatmentsludge and waste wood. ai l 2 r oh
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These
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biomass materials are processed to
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4. Wood mill waste create synthetic
O n ly f jet fuel substitutes.
• Agriculture Residue is a biomass source
Which of the above can be used as • Corn grain is edible so cant use directly as a source of biomass. (It
feedstock for producing Sustainable may be right bcz of surplus production we can use them as a
aviation Fuel ? biomass source)
(a) 1 and 2 only • Waste water treatment sludge have presence of organiccompound
those can be convert in ethanol or butanol through microbial
(b) 3 and 4 only
activity.
(c) 1, 2, 3 and 4 • Wood mill waste is also source of biofuel production.
(d) 1, 3 and 4 only Answer: C

Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari

SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 48 8 58 88 Kindly see classroom discussion & Book
2. Which one of the following
Metaverse: an interoperable network of 3d
words/phrases is most appropriately used
virtual worlds that can be accessed
to denote “an interoperable network of 3D simultaneously by millions of users, who can
virtual worlds that can be accessed exert property rights
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can exert property rights over virtual Book Page
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On line
Book
items?

(a) Big data analytics Answer: c

(b) Cryptography

(c) Metaverse

(d) Virtual Matrix

Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari

SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 31 11 61 91

3. With reference to radioisotope

RTG uses radioactive materials as nuclear fuel (such as
thermoelectric generators (RTGs), Consider
plutonium) to generate heat through passive reaction
the following statements:
(self- reaction). This heat is used to convert into
1. RTGs are miniature fission reactors electricity by an arraymof thermocouples which power
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2. RTGs are used for powering the the spacecraft. @
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onboard systemsof spacecrafts. Thermocouple i l 2 r oh device use to convert thermal energy
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into
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3. RTGs can use Plutonium-238, which is a RTG is the source of small amount of energy so use as
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by-product of weapons development. a light weight, compact spacecraft power systems and
Which of the statements given above are correct ? distant based small level of power generation on earth
(a) 1 and 2 only in certain localised areas.
(b) 2 and 3 only
It is best to use in that area where have weak sunlight
or no sunlight effect.
(c) 1 and 3 only
Answer: b (more accuracy) or d
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari
SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 33 13 63 93

4. Which one of the following is Nitric oxide naturally synthesise in human body and do
synthesized in human body that dilates vasodilation.
It synthesise in inner lining of blood vessel i.e
blood vessels and increase blood flow ?
Endothelial wall and Mitochondria also in certain
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(b) Nitrous oxide or a
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(c) Nitrogen dioxide

(d) Nitrogen pentoxide

Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari

SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 34 14 64 94

5. Consider the following activities: Low frequency radio-waves can be use to

1. Identification of narcotics on detect narcotics and explosives.
passengers at airports or in aircraft.
Monitoring of precipitation is possible and also
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2. Monitoring of precipitation about tracking gof
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3. Tracking the migration of animals. o rm
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In how many of the above activities can Answer: c
the radars be used ?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) none
Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari
SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 35 15 65 95
Kindly see class room discussion & Book
6. Consider the following aircraft:
1. Rafael Rafale: 4.5 Generation
MiG –29: 4 Generation
2. MiG-29 Tejas : 4.5 Generationom
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Answer: None
fifth generation fighter aircraft ?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari

SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 36 16 66 96

7. In which of the following are Hydrogels are crosslinked polymer networks swollen
hydrogels used ? with water.

1. Controlled drug delivery in patients Owing to their soft and water-containing nature,
hydrogels are promising m materials for applications in
2. Mobile air-conditioning systems a i l . co
many fields, such a @
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3. Preparation of industrial lubricants roboticsrand
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Select the correct answer using the • It is used in controlled drug delivery in patients.
code given below: • In mobile air-conditioning systems it can be use to
(a) 1 only absorb moisture from room to reduce humidity.
• Hydrogels have received extensive attention as
(b) 1 and 2 only functional lubricants because of their excellent anti-
(c) 2 and 3 only friction and anti-wear properties.
Answer: d
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari
SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 37 17 67 97

8. Which one of the following is the Discuss in class, book and current updates.
exhaust pipe emission from fuel cell
It emit water vapour and warm air.
Electric vehicles powered by hydrogen ? In this process have no environmental emission.
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(a) Hydrogen peroxide ail.
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(c) Oxygen
(d) Water vapour

Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari

SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 38 18 68 98
It is the world's largest battery technology.
9. Recently, the term “pumped- It is accounting of approximately 94 per cent of installed global
storage hydropower” is actually energy storage capacity and ahead than lithium-ion battery.
and appropriately discussed in the According to recent studies there has significant potential of
global pumped hydro capacity, with more than 600,000
context of which one of the identified off-river sites. ail.com
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following ? The technology absorbs
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(a) Irrigation of terraced crop fields Pumped hydropower
On storage uses the force of gravity to
generate electricity using water that has been previously
(b) Lift irrigation of cereal crops pumped from a lower source to an upper reservoir.
The water is pumped to the higher reservoir at times of low
(c) Long duration energy storage
demand and low electricity prices. At times of high demand-
(d) Rain water harvesting system and higher prices - the water is then released to drive a turbine
in a powerhouse and supply electricity to the grid.
Answer: c

Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari

SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 39 19 69 99

10. “Membrane Bioreactors” are often Membrane bioreactors are combinations of

membrane processes like microfiltration or
discussed in the context of:
ultrafiltration with a biological wastewater
(a) Assisted reproductive technologies treatment process, the activated sludge
process. a i l . co
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(b) Drug delivery nanotechnologies l a @
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(c) Vaccine production technologies Thesefor technologies are now widely used for
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municipal and industrial wastewater
(d) Water water treatment technologies treatment.

Answer: d

Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari

SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 17 27 87 77
11. With reference to perfluoroalkyl and They are ingredients in various everyday products.
polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that are used in
making many consumer products, consider the For example, PFAS are used to keep food from
following statements: sticking to packaging or cookware, make clothes
1. PFAS are found to be widespread in drinking and carpets resistant o m
to stains, and create
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water, food and food packaging materials. firefighting foamm ail. that is more effective.
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2. PFAS are not easily degraded in the i l 2 roh
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PFAS or
environment. n ly f molecules have a chain of linked carbon and
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3. Persistent exposure to PFAS can lead to fluorine atoms. Because the carbon-fluorine bond
bioaccumulation in animal bodies. is one of the strongest, these chemicals do not
Which of the statements given above are correct ?
degrade easily in the environment.
(a) 1 and 2 only
Answer: d
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari
SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 19 29 89 79

12. Consider the following plants : Pea belongs from legumes

group.
1. Groundnut
All example belongs from
2. Horse-gram legumes.
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How many of the above belong to the On
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pea family ?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) none

Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari

SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 27 47 77 67 Distributed energy resources are small,
13. Consider the following : modular, energy generation and storage
technologies that provide electric
1. Battery storage capacity or energy where you need it.
2. Biomass generators Distributed energy resources (DER) refers to
often smaller generation co
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3. Fuel cell on the consumer's gm
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side of the meter.
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4. Rooftop solar photovoltaic units Examples ma
i l 2 of distributed energy resources that
fo r
can
O nly be installed include: roof top solar
How many of the above are considered
photovoltaicunits, wind generating units / wind
“Distributed Energy Resources”? turbines, battery storage, microgrids, energy
(a) Only one storage, microturbines, diesel generators, diesel
engines, duel fuel engine, natural gas engine,
(b) Only two combustion engine, microturbine, fuel cell,
(c) Only three Storage devices, hybrid system etc.
Answer: d
(d) All four
Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari
SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 82 62 12 22
It is army exercise between India & Srilanka.
14. Which of the following statements about Mitra Shakti-2023," commenced on November
“Exercise Mitra Shakti – 2023” are correct ? 16, 2023, in Aundh (Pune).
1. This was a joint military exercise between The Scope of the exercise includes synergising joint
India and Bangladesh. responses during counter-terrorist operations.
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2. It commenced in Aundh (Pune) The Indian contingent, m a i l . co of 120 personnel, is being
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4. Indian Air Force was a part of this exercise. TheOSri Lankan side is being represented by personnel
Select the answer using the code given below: from 53 Infantry Division.15 personnel from Indian
Air Force and five personnel from Sri Lankan Air Force
(a) 1, 2 and 3 are also participating in the exercise.
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4 Answer: d
(d) 2, 3 and 4

Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari

SET Set – A Set – B Set – C Set – D
Q. No. 78 98 28 8
As part of ‘Operation SADBHAVANA’, Indian Army is
15. Operation undertaken by the Army undertaking multiple welfare activities such as running
towards upliftment of the local of Army Goodwill Schools, Infrastructure Development
population in the remote areas to Projects and Education Tours etc. in Ladakh Region.
More than 2,200 Students are currently studying in
include addressing of their basic needs these schools. gmail.c
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is called: In addition, aail2rtotal
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of Rs 8.82 crore of ‘Operation
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SADBHAVANA’
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(a) Operation Sankalp Territory of Ladakh during the current financial year
2022-23.
(b) Operation Maitri
The funds are being utilised for various activities like
(c) Operation Sadbhavana Human Resource/Skill Development, Sports, Healthcare,
National Integration, Infrastructure Development,
(d) Operation Madad Ecology, Environment and Education.
Answer: c

Dr. Ravi P.Agrahari

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY – 14 Qus
SOLUTION: PRELIMS – 2023 ro hil l a @
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ENERGY

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 60 90 50 40
With reference to green hydrogen, consider the Source:- Class Discussion + Book
following statements:
1. It can be used directly as a fuel for Statement-I
om
internal combustion. It is right ail.
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2. It can be blended with natural gas and used as hil l a @
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fuel for heat or power generation. Statement-II or ma
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3. It can be used in the hydrogen fuel cell to run nly
Hydrogen OCNG
vehicles. It is right
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only one Statement-III
(b) Only two It is right
(c) All three
(d) None

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 ENERGY: Nuclear Energy – Chapter 4

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 11 21 81 71
Consider the following statements Class Room Discussion
Statement-I
India, despite having uranium deposits, depends on coal for Statement-I
most of its electricity production Despite having uranium deposit – Yes
l . c om
Statement-II: ai for most of it electricity production –
Depends ongmcoal
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Uranium, enriched to the extent of at least 60%, is required for Yes 2rohilla
the production of electricity ail
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Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above On
statements? Statement-II
(a)Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Uranium enriched – 3% onwards for electricity
Statement-ll is the correct explanation for Statement-l production
(b)Both Statement-1 and Statement-II are correct and According to UPSC - at least 60% is required
Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I It is wrong
(c) Statement-1is correctbut Statement-II is incorrect
(d) Statement-1 is incorrect Statement-II is correct

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 ENERGY: Chapter-3

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 7 37 97 57
About three-fourths of world's cobalt, a According to InternationalEnergy Agency Report (2022)
metal required for the manufacture of
batteries for electric motor vehicles, is Contribution of different source om
of batteries, worldwide
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1. 60% Lithium ai
produced by @
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(a) Argentina 2. 30% cobalt rohilla
3. 10% Nickel m ail2
(b) Botswana for
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(c) the Democratic Republic of the
Around 74% source of Cobalt in batteries – Democratic Republic
Congo of the Congo
(d) Kazakhstan

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 ENERGY: Chapter 3

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 99 59 9 49
Consider the following heavy industries:
1. Fertilizer plants Source: Current Classes + classroom programme + Book
2. Oil refineries National Green HydrogenMission
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3. Steel plants ail.
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Green hydrogen is expected to play a ro hil
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significant role in decarbonizing how many of ly for
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the above industries?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 ENERGY: Chapter 3

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 66 76 36 16
With reference to coal-based thermal power Statement-I
plants in India, consider the following Some of the area in India have used of Sea water at coal based
statements: thermal power plant. It is proposed only coal based thermal power
plant should not setup in such area.
1. None of them uses seawater. ai l . c om
It is wrong gm
2.None of them is set up in water- illa@
roh
stressed district. ail2
Statement-IIfor m
3.None of them is privately owned. How On
ly
Approximately 40% of India’s thermal power plants are in water
many of the above statements are scarce areas.
correct? It is wrong
(a) Only one
(b) Only two Statement-III
(c) All three Adani power limited, is largest private thermal power producers in
(d) None India- installed capacity – 13650 MW.
It is wrong

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 SPACE TECHNOLOGY

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 57 87 47 37
Which one of the following countries has its Source: classroom Discussion
own Satellite Navigation System?
(a) Australia Global GPS system
(b) Canada NAVSTAR - USA m
i l . co
(c) Israel GLONASS – RUSSIA gma
@
BEIDOU – CHINA h illa
(d) Japan a il2r
o
GALILEO –foEU
rm
ly
On
Few countries have own satellite navigation system
Japan – Quasi – Zenith satellite system (QZSS)
India – GAGAN, IRNSS

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 NANOTECHNOLOGY

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 53 83 43 33
Consider the following statements : Source: Class Discussion Nanotechonology
1. Carbon fibres are used in the
Manufacture of components used In Statement-I
automobiles and aircrafts. It is used in wings etc. (aircrafts, co
m spacecrafts etc.)
a i l .
2. Carbon fibres once used cannot be Discussed in class during @
gm discussion of fullerene, CNT, Graphene.
a
It is right r o hill
recycled. m
l2
ai
for
Which of the statements given above is/are O nly
Statement-II
correct? Carbon fibres are difficult to recycle but we can do through the
(a) 1 Only help of modern processes so it is not problematic.
(b) 2 Only It is wrong
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 58 88 48 38
Consider the following statements: Source: Class Discussion + Book
1. Ballistic missiles are jet-propelled at
subsonic speeds throughout their flights, while Statement-I
cruise missiles are rocket-powered only in the Connecting topics – Space m& Defence technology
initial phase of flight. co
Ballistic Missiles – aregmRocket ail. Powered (carry propallent)
2. Agni-V is a medium-range supersonic cruise Cruise Missiles-Jet @
hill propelled (Jet Engine Technology)
a
2 r o
missile, while BrahMos is a solid-fuelled It is wrongor mail
intercontinental ballistic missile. ly f
On
Which of the statements given above is/are Statement-II
correct? Agni-V is long range (5000km+)
(a) 1 only BrahMos is two stage, cruise missile
(b) 2 only It is wrong
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 BIOTECHNOLOGY

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 69 79 39 19
Aerial metagenomics' best refers to which one
of the following situations? Study DNA from bodies of water and soil to identify species
(a) Collecting DNA samples from air in a living there.
habitat at one go com
ail.
gm
(b) Understanding the genetic makeup of avian Some how connected il l a @
with eDNA (environmental DNA) – Sources
r oh
species of a habitat of these DNA i l 2
maare secreted feces, mucous, gametes, skin, hair,
o r
(c) Using air-borne devices to collect carcassesly f
On etc.
blood samples from moving animals
(d)Sending drones to inaccessible areas to
collect plant and animal samples from land
surfaces and water bodies.

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 BIOTECHNOLOGY

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 70 80 40 20
'Microsatellite DNA' is used in the case of which Source : Book
one of the following?
(a)Studying the evolutionary Microsatellite DNA are also called short sequence repeats or
relationships among various species of fauna. tandem repeats. i l . co
m
a
(b)Stimulating 'stem cells' to transform into gm
l a @
ohil
diverse functional tissues Microsatellite a il2r genotypes are useful for estimating the
r m
(c)Promoting clonal propagation of o
ly f among individuals of unknown ancestory.
relationship
On
horticultural plants.
(d)Assessing series of drug trial in a
population

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 Health & Diseases
SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 51 81 41 31
Consider the following statement in relation to Source: Book
Janani Suraksha Yojana: First statement:-
1. It is a safe motherhood intervention of the Intervention of the National Rural Health Mission.
State Health Department. It is wrong
2. Its objective is to reduce maternal and
m
neonatal mortality among poor pregnant women Second statement:- a il.c
o

3. I aims to promote institutional delivery among gm

It is right hil l a @
poor pregnant women il2ro
ma
4. Its objective includes providing public health or
ly f
Third statement:-
On
facilities to sick infants up to one year of age. It is right
How many of the statements given above are
correct? Fourth statement:-
(a) Only one It’s objective includes providing public health facilities to sick infants
(b) Only two upto one year of age because 13 lakhs infants die within 1 year, 2/3
(c) Only three of them in first month.
(d) Only four It is right

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

Health & Diseases

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 52 82 42 32
Consider the following statements in the context of Campaign of Poshan Abhiyan – 2018
intervention being Undertaken under Anaemia Mukt Bharat
Strategy : First statement:-
1. It provides prophylactic calcium Supplements for pre- It is iron-plus initiatives
school Children, adolescents pregnant Women. It is wrong l . co
m
a i
2. It runs a campaign for delayed cord Clamping at the time of Second statement:- @
gm
a
child- Birth. hill
Promoting
ail2
r o practices of delayed clamping
m
3. It provides for periodic deworming to children and Itoisr right
n ly f
adolescents O
Third statement:-
4. It addresses non-nutritional causes of anaemia in No relation of deworming – killing of worm infant children
endemic pockets With special focus on malaria, below 18 years of age.
hemoglobinopathies and fluorosis. Blue, Iron, folic acid tablets provides once a week
How many of the Statements given above are correct? Deworming tablets every six months.
(a) Only one It is right
(b) Only two Fourth statement:-
(c) Only three It is right
(d) All four

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

 Health & Diseases

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 67 77 37 17
'Wolbachia method' is sometimes talked about
with reference to which one of the following/ Aedes mosquitoes are introduced with the bacterium in the
(a)Controlling the viral diseases spread by Laboratory and then researchers release them into the wild.
mosquitoes. com
ail.
(b) Converting crop residues into packing It will compete with @
gm
various viral diseases – dengue, zika,
il l a
material chicken guinea ro h
ail2etc.
m
(c) Producing biodegradable plastics for
O nly
(d) Producing biochar from thermochemical
conversion of biomass.

Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari

MISCELLANEOUS

SET A B C D
Source
Q. No 54 84 44 34
Consider the following action : Statement-I
1. Detection of car crash/collision which results Almost instantaneously
in the deployment of airbags almost 1/10 of second (30 milliseconds)
instantaneously. Note:- eye blink in 100 milliseconds
2. Detection of accidental free fall of a laptop It is right il.c
om
a
towards the ground which result in the immediate gm
l a @
hil
turning off of the hard drive Statement-II ail2ro
m
3. Detection of the tilt of the smart- phone which Crash sensor l y fori.e. Accelerometer
On
results in the rotation of display between portrait Accelerometer based free fall/ Anti-slippage protection for HDD (it
and landscape mode protects data & drive both)
In how many of the above action is the function of It is a Micro-Electro Mechanical System (MEMS)
accelerometer required? It is right
(a) Only one
(b) Only two Statement-III
(c) Only three Accelerometer communicate with gyroscope and the magnetometer.
(d) None When phone rotate-accelerometer detect changes in acceleration
It is right
Dr. Ravi P. Agrahari
 com
ail.
gm
l a @
ro hil
il2
ma
ly for
On