Problem-01: On Direct Mapping
Consider a direct mapped cache of size 16 KB with block size 256 bytes. The size of
main memory is 128 KB. Find-
1. Number of bits in tag
2. Tag directory size
Solution-
Given-
●Cache memory size = 16 KB
● Block size = Frame size = Line size = 256 bytes
● Main memory size = 128 KB
● We consider that the memory is byte addressable.
Number of Bits in Physical Address-
We have,
Size of main memory
= 128 KB (128 KB * 1024 bytes= 131072 bytes)
= 217 bytes
Thus, Number of bits in physical address = 17 bits
Number of Bits in Block Offset-
We have,
Block size
= 256 bytes
= 28 bytes
Thus, Number of bits in block offset = 8 bits
Number of Bits in Line Number-
Total number of lines in cache
= Cache size / Line size
= 16 KB / 256 bytes
= 214 bytes / 28 bytes
= 26 lines
Thus, Number of bits in line number = 6 bits
Number of Bits in Tag-
Number of bits in tag
= Number of bits in physical address – (Number of bits in line number + Number of bits
in block offset)
= 17 bits – (6 bits + 8 bits)
= 17 bits – 14 bits
= 3 bits
Thus, Number of bits in tag = 3 bits
Tag Directory Size-
Tag directory size
= Number of tags x Tag size
= Number of lines in cache x Number of bits in tag
= 26 x 3 bits
= 192 bits (192 bit /8=24 bytes)
= 24 bytes
Thus, size of tag directory = 24 bytes
Problem-02: on Associative Mapping
Consider a fully associative mapped cache of size 512 KB with block size 1 KB. There
are 17 bits in the tag. Find-
1. Size of main memory
2. Tag directory size
Solution-
Given-
● Cache memory size = 512 KB
● Block size = Frame size = Line size = 1 KB
● Number of bits in tag = 17 bits
We consider that the memory is byte addressable.
Number of Bits in Block Offset-
We have,
Block size
= 1 KB
= 210 bytes
Thus, Number of bits in block offset = 10 bits
Number of Bits in Physical Address-
Number of bits in physical address
= Number of bits in tag + Number of bits in block offset
= 17 bits + 10 bits
= 27 bits
Thus, Number of bits in physical address = 27 bits
Size of Main Memory-
We have,
Number of bits in physical address = 27 bits
Thus, Size of main memory
= 227 bytes
= 128 MB
Number of Lines in Cache-
Total number of lines in cache
= Cache size / Line size
= 512 KB / 1 KB
= 512 lines
= 29 lines
Tag Directory Size-
Tag directory size
= Number of tags x Tag size
= Number of lines in cache x Number of bits in tag
= 29 x 17 bits
= 8704 bits
= 1088 bytes
Thus, size of tag directory = 1088 bytes
Problem-03: set associative mapping
Consider a 8-way set associative mapped cache of size 512 KB with block size 1 KB.
There are 7 bits in the tag. Find-
1. Size of main memory
2. Tag directory size
Solution-
Given-
● Set size = 8
● Cache memory size = 512 KB
● Block size = Frame size = Line size = 1 KB
● Number of bits in tag = 7 bits
We consider that the memory is byte addressable.
Number of Bits in Block Offset-
We have,
Block size
= 1 KB
= 210 bytes
Thus, Number of bits in block offset = 10 bits
Number of Lines in Cache-
Total number of lines in cache
= Cache size / Line size
= 512 KB / 1 KB
= 512 lines
Thus, Number of lines in cache = 512 lines
Number of Sets in Cache-
Total number of sets in cache
= Total number of lines in cache / Set size
= 512 / 8
= 64 sets
= 26 sets
Thus, Number of bits in set number = 6 bits
Number of Bits in Physical Address-
Number of bits in physical address
= Number of bits in tag + Number of bits in set number + Number of bits in block offset
= 7 bits + 6 bits + 10 bits
= 23 bits
Thus, Number of bits in physical address = 23 bits
Size of Main Memory-
We have,
Number of bits in physical address = 23 bits
Thus, Size of main memory
= 223 bytes
= 8 MB
Tag Directory Size-
Tag directory size
= Number of tags x Tag size
= Number of lines in cache x Number of bits in tag
= 512 x 7 bits
= 3584 bits
= 448 bytes
Thus, size of tag directory = 448 bytes
