KINEMATICS
- deals with body in motion without reference to the forces that
causes the motion.
I. Rectilinear Motion
Rectilinear Translation – refers to a motion in a plane or motion
along a straight path.
A. Horizontal Motion (Translation)
– refers to a motion along a straight horizontal plane.
Uniform Motion
(Constant speed / zero acceleration)
S = Vt
Uniformly Accelerated Motion
(Velocity increases uniformly)
Equations of Motion:
B. Vertical Motion
- study the body of an object to neglect air resistance.
Free-falling Body
(Motion under gravity)
Important Equations:
II. Curvilinear Motion
- refers to a motion along a curve path either on the
vertical plane or on horizontal plane.
Projectile Motion
A projectile is a body which after being given an initial
velocity (with an initial angle of release), is allowed to
travel under the action of gravity alone. A projectile
is a trajectory which is a graph of a parabola.
III. Rotational Motion
Conical Pendulum
A conical pendulum consists of a bob of mass
‘m’ revolving in a horizontal circle with constant
speed ‘v’ at the end of a string of length ‘l’. In
this case, the string makes a constant angle with
the vertical. The bob of pendulum describes a
horizontal circle and the string describes a
cone. Let ‘h’ be the depth of the bob below
the support.
The tension ‘F’ in the string can be resolved into
two components. Horizontal ‘F sinϴ’ and vertical
‘F cosϴ’. The vertical component balances the
weight mg of the vehicle.
F cosϴ = mg
The horizontal component provides the
necessary centripetal force.
F sinϴ = mv2/r
Sample Problems:
1. How far does an automobile move while its speed
increases uniformly from 15 kph to 45 kph in 20
seconds?
Ans. 167.4 m
2. A stone is thrown vertically upward at the rate of 20
m/s. It will return to the ground after how many
seconds?
Ans. 4.08 s
3. A rotating wheel has a radius of 2 feet and 6 inches.
A point on the rim of the wheel moves 30 feet in 2
seconds. Find the angular velocity of the wheel.
Ans. 6 rad/s
4. A 50 kg block of wood rest on the top of the smooth
plane whose length is 3 m and whose altitude is 0.8
m. How long will it take for the block to slide to the
bottom of the plane when released?
Ans. 1.51 s
5. Determine the angle of the super elevation for a 200-
m highway curve so that there will be no side thrust at
a speed of 90 kph.
Ans. 17.67 degrees
6. A baseball is thrown from a horizontal plane with an
initial velocity of 100 m/s at an angle of 30 deg above
the horizontal. How far from the throwing point will the
ball attain its original level? Determine the highest
point to which it rises.
Ans. R = 883 m; H = 127.42 m
7. A 50,000 N car traveling with a speed of 150 kph
rounds a curve whose radius is 150 m. Find the
centrifugal force.
Ans. 59 kN
8. A 40 g rifle with a speed of 300 m/s is fired into a
ballistic pendulum of mass 5 kg suspended from a
chord 1 m long. Compute the vertical height through
which the pendulum rises.
Ans. 0.29 m
9. A plane dropped a bomb at an elevation of 1 km
the ground intended to hit the target at an elevation
of 200 m from the ground. If the plane was flying at a
velocity of 300 kph, at what distance from the target
must the bomb be dropped to hit the target.
Ans. 1064.2 m
