Abuljadayel for Contracting and Maintenance

METHOD Document Ref.

STATEMENT JSW-AJ-OMRD-MST-CI-0014
Revision 0

(Method-statement-for-Crack-Injection)

STORM WATER DRAINAGE SOLUTIONS

OLD MAKKAH ROAD

(Method-statement-for-Crack-Injection)

METHOD STATEMENT
 Abuljadayel for Contracting and Maintenance
METHOD Document Ref.
STATEMENT JSW-AJ-OMRD-MST-CI-0014
Revision 0

(Method-statement-for-Crack-Injection)

Issue Status & Description

 Issued for Review/Approval  Issued for use
Prepared by Approved by
Document Ref. Rev Issue Date Quality Projects
Section Manager
JSW-AJ-OMRD-MST-CI-0014 0 29/12/2024 Eng /Ibrahim Elbeltagy Eng / Abdullah Bin
Bakr
 Abuljadayel for Contracting and Maintenance
METHOD Document Ref.
STATEMENT JSW-AJ-OMRD-MST-CI-0014
Revision 0

(Method-statement-for-Crack-Injection)

1.0 PURPOSE

1.1 The following method statement describes the procedures to be followed in the Crack-
Injection work for Drainage Solutions for old Makkah road.
1.2 Project in accordance with the specifications, approved drawings, and applicable
standards.

2.0 SCOPE

1. This method statement outlines the procedure for crack injection using. The purpose of
this process is to seal and repair cracks in concrete structures effectively.

3.0 DOCUMENT CONTROL

3.1 This procedure is a controlled document as required by the Project related Policy and
issued in accordance with Drainage Solutions for old Makkah road Project Control of
Documents and Data.

3.2 Revisions of this document will be issued in accordance with Drainage Solutions for
old Makkah road.

3.3 Project Documents Control Procedures (Control of Documents and Data) when the main
text changes or when an appendix i s added.
Revised appendices for substitution will be issued separately and, where
appropriate, will include a separate schedule of contents.

3.3 Document revision and appendix issue status are shown in the Project Register of
Management System Documents, a copy of which may be obtained from the QA/QC
Section upon request.

4.0 DEFINITIONS, TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

4.13 The Client : Refers to Jeddah Municipality, the owner of the project.
4.14 The Engineer : Refer to the organization that is appointed by Jeddah Municipality
to review all submittals, drawings…etc., and supervise the
construction and all the site works, referring to Louis Berger (LB).
 Abuljadayel for Contracting and Maintenance
METHOD Document Ref.
STATEMENT JSW-AJ-OMRD-MST-CI-0014
Revision 0

(Method-statement-for-Crack-Injection)

4.15 The Contractor (AJ): means the organization that is appointed by Jeddah Municipality
to construct the project(s) as per the signed Contract, referring to
Abuljadayel Co. for Contracting & Maintenance LTD.

5.0 RESPONSIBILITY

5.1 The project manager has overall responsibility for the implementation of this project
procedure. Specific responsibilities have been assigned to members of the project
management team as described below.
5.2 The site manager through his civil execution team is responsible for executing the as per
the approved drawings and within the requested quality by the Contract.

5.3 The QA/QC Engineer is responsible for the preparation/reviewing of this procedure, its
amendment, controlled distribution and verifying proper implementation.

6.0 REFERENCES

 Contract Specification
 Approved Drawing
 Jeddah Municipality PMO Quality Plan
 Jeddah Municipality Quality Inspection Guide
LEAK SEALING SOLUTIONS
For concrete, masonry and natural stone structures

LEAKING CONCRETE STRUCTURES BELOW GROUND such as basements and civil engineering
structures, can have a greatly reduced service life due to steel corrosion and concrete damage, in
addition to any reduced functionality and use. In order to avoid the expensive costs of repairs to the
structure, or to water damaged interior finishing’s, furnishings or other goods, plus the costs of any
operational downtime, these leaks can often be securely sealed and waterproofed by injection.
Sika provides an extensive range of injection systems for all types of leak sealing applications in
concrete, masonry and natural stone structures. These can be used at any time, including during the
initial construction works, or later to extend the service life during any subsequent refurbishment,
according to the specific project’s requirements. Sika injection systems can not only close, flexibly
bridge, seal and make leaking structures watertight for the long term, some can also be used to
increase or restore structural integrity and load bearing capacity, thereby providing complete and
durable maintenance solutions.
Sika's high performance injection materials are also fully compatible with Sika’s complete Engi-
neered Waterproofing range and they can be used for the repair and sealing of cracks, voids, joints,
hoses and compartment systems in many different structures. As a prerequisite, all of Sika’s injec-
tion products are also fully tested and conform to all of the relevant global standards.
There are three primary success factors involved in ensuring the effectiveness and durability of injection works. It is essential
that the right combination of injection materials, injection equipment and injection method must be selected and this is what
Sika’s extensive technical and practical experience provides:

INJECTION MATERIAL
The selection of the right injection material and indeed the right
specific injection product for the defined project requirements is
Material the first key factor for success. This especially means the mate-
rials viscosity, flexibility and behaviour in contact with water that
can all significantly influence the effectiveness of the injection.

INJECTION EQUIPMENT
Appropriate equipment for the selected injection material, in-
Successful cluding for the correct preparation, mixing and delivery of the
Injection with material is the second key success factor. This means everything
Sika Solutions from the initial dosage and mixing, through delivery from a suit-
able pump, to use of the right packers/ports/connectors.

Equipment Method/ INJECTION METHOD / APPLICATION

Application Thirdly, the correct injection method and application techniques
must be used by trained, competent and experienced contrac-
tors, in order to ensure the success and provide complete and
permanent leak sealing solutions

ADDITIONAL ADVANTAGES OF SIKA

COMPLETE SIKA SOLUTIONS TRAINING
Sika is a ‘full range’ supplier, which means that Sika not only We understand that on many projects it will be preferable to
has the full range of alternative injection technologies and use an experienced Specialist Contractor for injection works to
materials, but we are also the world’s leading supplier of engi- seal any leaks that occur, whilst on others for different practi-
neered waterproofing, concrete repair and protection solu- cal and logistic reasons, it will be better to train teams from
tions in order to prevent, or to seal and waterproof, any types the main contractor to do the work. This is why Sika provides
of leaks in your structure – from the ‘Basement to the Roof.’ unrivalled technical and practical training both on and off site,
to help ensure that both the engineering staff and the site
SIKA INJECTION SOLUTIONS TO GLOBAL STANDARDS operatives fully understand the requirements and procedures
Sika’s injection solutions are tested and approved to the – all supported with Sika’s detailed documentation including
leading global standards to provide safe and reliable injection Method Statements and Quality Control checklists.
solutions.
LOCAL SIKA PRESENCE
TECHNICAL EXPERTISE AND PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE All around the world there are experienced Sika professionals
Sika provides advice and support from the design office to provide this technical support exactly where it is required,
through to completion of the injection and any associated in your office or on site.
works on site. This expert technical advice and practical
assistance is to help you ensure the selection and installation
of the right injection materials, with the equipment and appli-
cation methods etc.

WATERPROOFING
INJECTION SOLUTIONS 3
TYPICAL SOURCES OF LEAKS
IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES

1 2 3

Leaking Cracks Leaking Construction Leaking Movement

Joints Joints
 5

4 5 6 7

Leaking Areas of Leaking Areas Leaking Compartment Leaking Penetrations

Voids i.e. i.e. at Wall Ties Membrane System i.e. Pipe Penetrations
Honeycombing
 INJECTION MATERIAL
­TECHNOLOGIES AND
INJECTION PRODUCTS
POLYURETHANE FOAM RESINS
Polyurethane foaming resins are designed to expand with water to temporarily block
the passage of water through the crack or void . Their fast expansive reaction with water
forms a tough and flexible / elastic foam. For permanent waterproofing, these polyure-
thane foaming resins are re-injected with a suitable non-foaming injection resin – usually
also based on polyurethane as below.

POLYURETHANE RESINS
Polyurethane resins are hydrophobic, flexible and used for the non-structural injection
sealing and waterproofing of voids, cracks and joints. Their low viscosity allows good pe-
netration into the concrete structure to seal the leaks and achieve a durable elastic seal.
Polyurethane resins seal with very good edge adhesion to concrete and their hydrophobic
characteristics. In voids, cracks and joints with high water
ingress, pre-injection as temporary waterstopping with a Polyurethane foaming resin as
mentioned above is required.

ACRYLATE RESINS
Acrylate resins are hydrophilic, very flexible and used for non-structural injections of
cracks, joints and voids, including for injection hose systems, compartment systems
and area (e.g. Grid and Curtain) injection works. For application Acrylate resins have a
extremely low viscosity (similar to water) and therefore have ideal penetration abilities.
Their reaction (hardening) time is also adjustable, which allows flexibility in adaptation
of the injection material to the prevailing conditions on site (e.g. temperature and injec-
tion distance etc.). Acrylate resin based materials seal and waterproof leaks through their
hydrophilic swelling behaviour in contact with water. The injection equipment is also easily
cleaned with water.

EPOXY RESINS
Epoxy resins have relatively high tensile and compressive strengths in relation to concrete,
they are generally regarded as ‘rigid’ materials and widely used for structural repairs by
injections of cracks and voids in load bearing reinforced concrete structures or elements.
Their low viscosity allows excellent penetration into cracks in the structure and this also
helps to ensure permanent and durable load transfer based on their excellent adhesion to
the concrete. Epoxy resin based materials are suitable for many different structural injec-
tion requirements and applications in dry and slightly damp.

MICROFINE CEMENT SUSPENSION

Microfine cement suspensions are non-flexible and therefore non-movement accommo-
dating, rigid, polymer modified, injection materials (also often known as Microfine cement
grouts), which are based on blends microfine cements. They are now widely used for struc-
tural injection works to seal non-moving cracks, voids and daywork joints for example.
Due to their polymer modification, these cement based materials can also have high flow
characteristics and very good penetration ability.

WATERPROOFING
6 INJECTION SOLUTIONS
 SELECTION OF SIKA INJECTION
MATERIALS

PROBLEM REQUIREMENTS
Leaking Cracks / ́́ Waterproofing cracks and around penetrations of width
Penetrations > 0.2 mm with hydrostatic pressure
Dry and / or containing
water
́́ Waterproofing cracks and around penetrations of width
> 0.2 mm without hydrostatic pressure
(dry, damp or wet surfaces)
́́ Force transfer across dry cracks of width > 0.3 mm

́́ Force transfer across dry cracks of width > 0.1 mm

Leaking Expansion Joints ́́ Waterproofing construction joints with and without hydro-
(movement) and static pressure
Construction /
Daywork Joints
(non-moving) ́́ Waterproofing joints where the original joint sealing / water-
proofing system is damaged or was not properly installed

Leaking Membrane ́́ Waterproofing damaged and leaking sheet membrane com-

Compartment Systems partment systems

Leaking Wall / Kicker ́́ Grid injection

Areas (into the surface for lager areas e.g. Honeycombing or poor
concrete compaction etc.)

́́ Curtain injection
(e.g. behind the structure or element to seal leaks due to
multiple tie bar holes or other multiple minor defects / leaks)

WATERPROOFING
8 INJECTION SOLUTIONS
CRITERIA SUITABLE SIKA INJECTION PRODUCTS
́́ Fast and stable foaming and expansion, for temporary sealing, ́́ Sika® Injection-101 RC (for temporary sealing) followed by:
plus very low viscosity and long-term flexibility for permanent Sika® Injection-201 CE (for permanent flexible sealing)
sealing and waterproofing. Sika® Injection-107 (for permanent flexible sealing)
́́ Very low viscosity and long-term flexibility for permanent ́́ Sika® Injection-201 CE /-107 (for permanent flexible sealing)
sealing

́́ Low viscosity, rigid, excellent adhesion and full bond to the ́́ Sikadur®-52
crack substrate surfaces for structural bonding
́́ Very low viscosity, rigid, excellent adhesion and full bond to the ́́ Sika® Injection-458
crack substrate surfaces for structural bonding.

́́ Fast and stable foaming and expansion for temporary sealing, ́́ Sika® Injection-101 RC (optional for temporary sealing in
plus very low viscosity and long-term flexibility for permanent case of hydrostatic pressure) followed by:
sealing and waterproofing. Sika® Injection-201 CE (for permanent flexible sealing)
Sika® Injection-107 (permanent flexible sealing)
Pre-installed SikaFuko® injection hose system in construction joints ́́ Sika® Injection-307
or as a back-up system on waterbars: (for permanent flexible sealing in steel concrete)
́́ Very low viscosity, long term flexibility, long pot-life for opti- ́́ Sika® Injection-310 (for permanent flexible sealing)
mum penetration, re-injectable for permanent sealing ́́ Sika® InjectoCem®-190 (for use in dry areas only)
Damaged expansion sections of waterbars: ́́ Sika® Injection-307
́́ Low viscosity, long term high flexibility, with adjustable reaction (for permanent flexible sealing) in steel concrete
times for permanent sealing. ́́ Sika® Injection-304 (for permanent flexible sealing)

́́ Low viscosity, tough-elastic, very easy to use, re-injectable for ́́ Sika® Injection-310 (for permanent flexible sealing)
permanent sealing

́́ Low viscosity, void filling, rigid material for load transfer in both ́́ Sika® InjectoCem®-190 (dry area)
(dry and damp areas) (optional, patch repairs with Sikadur®-31 CF)
́́ Very low viscosity, flexible, designed for permanent sealing ́́ Sika® Injection-307 /-304
(in wet areas) (optional, patch repairs with Sikadur®-31 CF)
́́ Sika® Injection-201 CE /-107
(optional, patch repairs with Sikadur®-31 CF)
́́ Extremely low viscosity, highly flexible, adjustable reaction ́́ Sika® Injection-304
time, designed for permanent sealing

WATERPROOFING
INJECTION SOLUTIONS 9
 EQUIPMENT FOR INJECTION
MATERIALS

INJECTION PUMP TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUCCESSFUL WATERPROOFING

There are two different pump technologies available on the market today for resin and microfine cement injection, there are 1-
and 2-component pumps. The most widely used are the 1- or single component pumps, which have the key advantage of being
available for a much lower cost, and so the contractor’s investment is a fraction of what it would be for a 2- or two component
pump. The main reason that 2-component pumps are still used is that they are the best and in fact the only way to inject fast
and very fast curing resins, because of their extremely short pot-life; plus they are best for injecting large volumes of material.

SINGLE-COMPONENT PUMPS: TWO-COMPONENT PUMPS:

The storage container of the pump is filled with the pre-mixed These have two storage containers and each container is filled
resin or microfine cement grout. The pot-life of this injection separately with a different component; with the components
material starts after mixing and it is always necessary to ap- only coming together when they are pumped through the
ply the complete mixed volume within the relevant pot-life. static mixer. The pot-life therefore starts in the static mixer
and so this kind of pump can be used for very fast reacting
There are hand, piston and diaphragm pumps available using resin based materials.
1-component pump technologies and they are designed to ac-
commodate and handle small or medium volumes of injection There are 2-component pumps designed specifically for each of
material. the different resin technologies available, which is due to their
differing viscosity, mixing ratio and reaction time etc., as well
as for different types of applications. For fast-gelling acrylate
or polyacrylate resins as they are also known, a separate rinsing
pump is recommended to be used for cleaning the pump and
static mixer.

There are also 2-component piston pumps available which can

successfully inject medium to high volumes of 2-component
PU or epoxy resins, even against high hydrostatic pressure.

Single-component Two-component Vacuum pump Colloidal Mixer

pump pump (Acrylate)

Polyurethane Sika® Injection-101 RC X

Foam Resins Sika® Injection-107

Polyurethane Sika® Injection-201 CE X

Resins

Acrylate Sika® Injection-307 X X X

Resins /-310

Sika® Injection-304 X

Epoxy Sikadur®-52 X
Resins Sika® Injection-458

Microfine Sika® InjectoCem®-190 X X X

Cement

WATERPROOFING
10 INJECTION SOLUTIONS
INJECTION EQUIPMENT FOR SUCCESSFUL WATERPOOFING
SINGLE COMPONENT PUMPS FOR POLYURETHANE (PU), TWO-COMPONENT PUMPS FOR POLYACRYLATE GELS
POLYACRYLATE AND EPOXY RESINS, PLUS MICROFINE Two component pumps are designed for curtain injection
CEMENT SUSPENSIONS behind the structure, for high volumes, or using fast reacting
Single component pumps are the universal injection pumps polyacrylate gel resins.
and suitable for a wide range of applications. They are ideal for
professional crack sealing applications and for the injection of
SikaFuko® hoses and membrane compartment systems.

VACUUM PUMPING EQUIPMENT FOR RE-INJECTION OF MIXING EQUIPMENT FOR MICROFINE CEMENT
SikaFuko® INJECTION HOSE SYSTEMS SUSPENSIONS
Vacuum pumping equipment is important for reinjection of A colloidal mixer is needed for the complete and thorough
the SikaFuko® Injection hose systems. It is used for flushing mixing of microfine cement suspensions such as the high
and cleaning the SikaFuko® hoses with water after injection performance Sika® InjectoCem®-190.
with acrylate gel or microfine cement materials, to enable the
system to be used for future re-injection if required.

WATERPROOFING
INJECTION SOLUTIONS 11
 ACCESSORIES FOR
SUCCESSFUL INJECTION WORKS

SIKA® INJECTION PACKERS FOR DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS

Sika® Injection Packers or Ports as they are also known, are fixed into or onto the structure and are used as nozzles to connect
the injection pump to the structure and direct the material to fill the cracks or voids. Sika Connection Packers are used to connect
embedded injection hoses or compartment systems.

MECHANICAL PACKERS SURFACE PACKERS CONNECTION PACKERS

for high and low pressure injection for low pressure injection, where drilling Sikaplan® W Injection piece
where drilling holes is possible. holes in the surface is not possible or for injection of membrane compartments
best avoided due to damage or the loca-
tion of steel reinforcement etc.

Type MPS
For Polyurethane, Epoxy and Acrylate resin
­injection Type Sikaplan® W Inj.
For Acrylate injection

SikaFuko® Packer tong

for Injection of SikaFuko® Injection hose
Type SP
system
For Epoxy injections – generally with patch
­r epairs.

Type MPR
For Polyurethane, Epoxy and Acrylate resin
­injection.

Type SikaFuko® Packer tong

For Acrylate, Polyurethane, Epoxy and microfine ce-
ment injections.

Type MPC
For Microfine cement injection.

Packer Type
Mechanical Surface Connection

Application Concrete/Substrate Injection Pressure MPS MPR1 MPC² SP Sikaplan® SikaFuko®

Condition/Quality W Inj. Packer tong
Crack and void injection Drilling not possible 1 – 10 bar X
(steel reinforcement)
Good or Poor X X X X
(drilling is possible!)
SikaFuko® injection X
Compartment injection N/A X
Curtain injection Good or Poor 10 – 200 bar X3
(drilling is possible!)
Crack and void injection X X

1) Recommended for high pressures and high flow rates; 2) Specially designed for injection with microfine cement: 3) Only with button head (non-return) fitting.

WATERPROOFING
12 INJECTION SOLUTIONS
 INJECTION EQUIPMENT / PUMP CLEANING SYSTEM
Sika® Injection Cleaning System includes a full range of cleaning and conservation agents for the efficient and reliable use,
storage and re-use of all types of injection pumps with the Sika® Injection product ranges. All of the Sika Cleaning and Con-
serving products are produced free of CFC’s, FC and chlorine.

Sika® Injection Cleaner C1

Sika® Injection Cleaner C1 is a cleaning
agent for cleaning injection pumps during
or directly after the injection. It removes
uncured liquid epoxy and polyurethane
resin materials completely.

Sika® Injection Cleaner C2

Sika® Injection Cleaner C2 is a very strong
cleaning agent for removing residues of
cured resins. It should only be used to
remove cured resins during the repair
and maintenance of the injection pumps.
This Cleaner must not be used for rinsing
the injection pumps after use.

Sika® Injection Conservator

Sika® Injection Conservator cares for
the valves and seals of a pump after use
and in storage, it should always be used
and is particularly useful when it is not
known when the next use of the pump
will be, or when it is known that the
pump will not be used for a long time.

CLEANING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR Sika® Injection AND SikaFix® PRODUCTS

Polyurethane Polyurethane Epoxy Resins Silicate Resins Acrylate Resins Cement based
Resins Foams ­Products
Intermediate Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Comp. A Water Water Water
Cleaning Cleaner C1 Cleaner C1 Cleaner C1
Comp. B
Sika® Injection
Cleaner C1
Final Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Water + standard Water
Cleaning Cleaner C1 Cleaner C1 Cleaner C1 Cleaner C1 dishwashing
liquid
Removal of Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Mechanically
cured material Cleaner C2 Cleaner C2 Cleaner C2 Cleaner C2 Cleaner C2
Preservation Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Sika® Injection Sika® Injection
of pumps Conservator Conservator Conservator Conservator Conservator Conservator

WATERPROOFING
INJECTION SOLUTIONS 13
 THE CRACK INJECTION PROCESS

CRACKS IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES can be caused as the result of excessive load or stress on
the structure by internal or external forces (e.g. ground movement). Leaking cracks need to be
closed and sealed to secure the watertightness and durability of the structure.

SEQUENCE OF APPLICATIONS

d/2

d/2

1. D
 rill holes for the packer alternating 2. Install the mechanical packers. 3. F
 ix the non-return valve on the first
at a 45° angle to the concrete surface Tighten the mechanical packers so packer and start the injection process.
as shown in the picture. that they can withstand the maxi-
Ø of drill hole = Ø of packer + 2 mm. mum injection pressure.

4. W
 hen the injection material flows out of the sec-
ond packer during the injection process, fix the
non-return valve on to this as quickly as possible.
Stop injection at the first packer and continue at
the second packer.

5. Repeat this procedure from packer to packer.

6. If necessary, e.g. after injection of PU-foaming res-

ins, a secondary injection procedure is carried out to
ensure the crack is completely filled and sealed with
non-foaming PU injection material.

GENERAL INFORMATION TYPICAL SIKA PRODUCT

́́ On vertical elements always start injection from the bottom and work upwards For Waterproofing:
́́ Slow, low pressure injection is more effective than rapid, high pressure injection Sika® Injection-101 RC (temporary)
́́ For detailed information please refer to the Sika Method Statement for + Sika® Injection-201 CE (permanent)
Crack Injection (Waterproofing) For Load Transfer:
Sikadur®-52

WATERPROOFING
14 INJECTION SOLUTIONS
JOINT INJECTION WITH SikaFuko®
INJECTION HOSE SYSTEM

SikaFuko® INJECTION HOSE SYSTEM is used on its own for construction joint sealing, or it is
used as a back-up system in combination with waterbars. Installation is done during the
concreting phases of the project.

SEQUENCE OF APPLICATIONS

1+2 3 4 5

1. L ocate start and end of in- 3. Begin injecting the 4. Close the opposite end 5. When using re-injectable
jection hose in the affected SikaFuko® hose until the and start injecting again materials, the SikaFuko®
construction joint e.g. in material flows out of the until material is seeping hose can be flushed clean
junction boxes. opposite end. out along the length of the with water which is also
2.Connect the pump to the joint. removed by vacuum. The
injection hose system e.g. SikaFuko® hose is then
through Sika® Packer tong. ready for future re-injection
if required.

GENERAL INFORMATION TYPICAL SIKA PRODUCT

́́ SikaFuko® Systems must be installed before concreting the construction joint Sika® Injection-307 (steel concrete)
́́ Documenting the location of the junction boxes and run of the hoses is important Sika® Injection-310
́́ For detailed information please refer to the Sika Method Statement for SikaFuko®
́́ On vertical elements always start injection from the bottom and work upwards
́́ Slow, low pressure injection is more effective than rapid, high pressure injection

WATERPROOFING
INJECTION SOLUTIONS 15
 THE CURTAIN INJECTION PROCESS

BASEMENTS CAN DEVELOP LEAKS over large sections of their whole area for many reasons including
inadequate concrete mix design, placing or compaction, in addition to ground movement and rising
water tables etc. These larger areas can be sealed by curtain injection behind the concrete structure.

SEQUENCE OF APPLICATIONS

1. Drill holes for the mechanical packers 2. Install the mechanical packers. 3. Fix the button head (non-return)
through the leaking building compo- Tighten the mechanical packers so fittings on the first packer and start
nent at a spacing of 30 – 50 cm as that they can withstand the maxi- the injection process at the lowest
shown in the picture. mum injection pressures. row of drill holes.

4. When the injection material flows out of the second pack-

er during the injection process, fix the non-return valve on
it as quickly as possible. Stop injection at the first packer
and continue at the second packer.

5. Continue the injection procedure from packer to packer.

GENERAL INFORMATION TYPICAL SIKA PRODUCT

́́ On vertical elements start injection from the bottom and work upwards Sika® Injection-304 (high water ingress)
́́ Slow, low pressure injection is more effective than rapid, high pressure injection
́́ Detailed recording of the material flow in and out of each packer is important
́́ Test injection is recommended to define the best spacing for the packers

WATERPROOFING
16 INJECTION SOLUTIONS
THE MEMBRANE COMPARTMENT
INJECTION PROCESS

COMPARTMENTALIZED MEMBRANE SYSTEMS ARE USED for securely waterproofing basements

so that in the event of any future leaking or damage to the membrane, any leaking compartment
can easily be repaired and sealed by injection through flanges accessible from inside the structure.

SEQUENCE OF APPLICATIONS

1. Remove the face-plate from the junction box and expose 4. R

 epeat these procedures until all the vent ends of this
the Control Tube vent ends for the leaking compartment. compartment are injected and any water in the compart-
Connect a Sikaplan® W Injection Piece to one vent end. ment is fully displaced and replaced by resin.

2. Once a secure connection is made with the Sikaplan® W 5. When the compartment vent ends are all filled with un-
Injection Piece, start the injection pump. The injection cured injection resin under pressure, stop the pump.
process can be monitored through the remaining open vent
ends of the same compartment. 6. The cleaning process to leave the Control Tubes re-injectable
must begin before the injection material cures in the Control
3. Once the injection material is observed flowing out of an Tube vent ends.
adjacent vent end, stop the pump (or close the valve on
the pump assembly). Plug the vent end releasing injection
material with a Sikaplan® W Injection Piece. Start pumping
again through the same vent end that was being injected
prior to observing material being released.

GENERAL INFORMATION TYPICAL SIKA PRODUCT

́́ It is important that the entire compartment be fully injected. Partially filled Sika® Injection-310 (easy to use)
compartments do not guarantee long term watertightness
́́ On vertical elements always start injection from the bottom and work upwards
́́ Slow, low pressure injection is more effective than rapid, high pressure injection
́́ Very good documentation is important during installation of the membrane system
́́ For more detailed information please refer to the Sika Method Statement for
Membrane Compartment injection

WATERPROOFING
INJECTION SOLUTIONS 17
 CASE STUDIES

SURFACE SEALING A LEAKING SHAFT SEALING CRACKS IN A BASEMENT

PROBLEM PROBLEM
An inadequate waterproofing system had been selected for a A basement garage built with waterbars, suffered settle-
concrete shaft standing in groundwater. Water was infiltrating ment cracks in the structure after construction. Water was
the shaft from several construction joints and damaging the infiltrating because the garage was exposed to groundwater
electrical installations. under hydrostatic pressure.

Injection Material Requirements: Injection Material Requirements

́́ Very fast reacting First phase:
́́ Able to form a new permanent watertight seal ́́ Fast foaming injection resin
́́ Environmentally friendly ́́ Reacting only in contact with water
Second phase:
SIKA SOLUTION ́́ Low viscosity
Curtain injection with: ́́ No shrinkage in subsequent dry conditions
́́ Fast reacting polyacrylate gel resin Sika® Injection-304 ́́ Good adhesion to concrete
́́ Environmentally friendly and chemically resistant
Injection Equipment:
́́ Sika® Injection Pump PN-2C and Sika® Injection Packer MPR SIKA SOLUTION
with button head fittings Crack injection with:
́́ Fast reacting polyurethane foaming resin Sika® Injection-101 RC
for temporary waterstopping
́́ Elastic, non-foaming polyurethane resin Sika® Injection-201 CE
for permanent waterproof sealing

Injection Equipment:
́́ Sika® Injection Pump EL-2 and Sika® Injection Packer MPS

WATERPROOFING
18 INJECTION SOLUTIONS
SEALING OF DAMAGED TUNNEL STRUCTURAL CONCRETE CRACK
WATERPROOFING MEMBRANES REPAIRS ON A BRIDGE

PROBLEM PROBLEM
A tunnel below groundwater level was originally waterproofed Cracks with the potential to become a significant structural
with sheet membranes and waterbars. Membranes were problem occurred in the support piers of a motorway bridge
damaged during the construction works but this went un- due to excessive dynamic loads from increased traffic.
noticed until later when the tunnel began leaking. Fortunately
the damage location was easily identified as the membrane Injection Material Requirements:
and waterbars were formed into compartments. ́́ Penetration into different crack widths
́́ High mechanical and adhesive strengths
Injection Material Requirements: ́́ Suitable for both dry and damp crack conditions
́́ Permanently elastic
́́ Able to form a new permanent watertight seal SIKA SOLUTION
́́ Gel time able adaptable to specific requirements Crack injection with:
́́ Capable of absorbing (swelling) and releasing ́́ Low viscosity epoxy resin Sikadur®-52 Injection for cracks
(shrinking) in contact with water for future security > 0.3 mm
́́ Low viscosity epoxy resin based Sika® Injection-458 for
SIKA SOLUTION cracks > 0.2 mm both dry and damp
Compartment injection with: ́́ Epoxy patch repair material Sikadur®-31 CF
́́ Acrylate resin gel based Sika® Injection-310
Injection equipment:
Injection Equipment: ́́ Sika® Injection Pump EL-2 and Sika® Injection Packer SP
́́ Sika® Injection Pump (single component)

WATERPROOFING
INJECTION SOLUTIONS 19