Pro J M.

SHAH
Unit-o2

Emlasion o ochition,
Lusez ts a
Some
opeetd pperts ike mano claometie,cokntiue,
diveetty brfltnes ct.
Aus properts cheiacteristrs of Lasey
Fally
i> Miono clomyat'eit The
lwave
it> cohenee As He ewit y dasez ase in phase.
Pavele sune
is

cd'etiouy but lezeiHs -une

dhecon:le divegoue
.dstauces without spreatg
i Batass;
-othaz caeudtnad Souree bilause a lses hacs
îu 4. shaal)
beasn,:
Q.z Explain :> Metastable sale, i apulaton Fnvestan, ii> Optte
ivy Aetive
Aws >Medastallestele Meaalkotet is a shte olee the exeilk
Aine thea he normu tate.
 --2

be M popudaton inesion hene no Luser

LAvezsieu Fos a
be more tan the
ofatons in doaez euer -6tate. To achieve hs, au attieiof
as
invesidu,
Foz
o pepalaton hvesion te std aveto be
ortesna oto, allef as aphiad
is calle oa actire
gue Enplain the poces ot spntamens and stimalatea amiksio,
Aus 3potneous Emusion The tue toz alkenao semalys

eruHeditate eit a donthed tue Cis Bsec) i kusia as the ise

Hte o te stofe

-wtth te
emes 0on .
spoufuueous
Tle euitee gadlaton
hence has a braud spectaun.
E

E phofou
Spoutaacous Eutslon
 --3
Enet

tore He exelte afou to

make a trausitln troexte btate to ouez energ ótofe.
Hs teisthu, He inileort phesn otidato He
exeltd ot, O4o emita photn ofot Sane
emita emlsstoy,
The |miHe aatetio has He same
same

yadtaton (ohato).

pheto h

Euission

SIieance. stinaate Entsau'

> Tle ented phstan t identic in all raspeata o4e ineident photon.
are sane. as het of in cidet ghoion 4lag tanls
Jn Same diveetion.

cam be.ctrl tzm autside.

2> The pmess
3> The numbezoeuited phoons
 Mode o vibaion a ca,_maloaude! Tle c6,_ motecude has three madese
vibtien ratlinaa moe
In
atom moves tounrds OL 4

tte o
eves towaas and the oter awog tam hecaben atm.

4le three atoms vibate

to the cis of the molecule in such a
waythetthe cabou aton noves in
opposite dizectian to the Oeu atey utlaeh ove in gaute
instut of tine

Rotetione des

| e ditternce in ene rgips bet moleculaz ee's is s mall

o Hhe aemie cuerglevel. Ycanperel
 Casbon Diozide (cOz) lasez!
lasez wilh net lebelle

Ans! The co, lasez is a toue teve moluuhy daser hizh mks se ot
tyansitions in the maleculaz vibotinal and -sototiovo euergAJeeds.
crass-5echion ot obeuf
26o mw The tube thi is tille with a iue
m
and He gses n He proporr'ons 1:213, 0ue eud ot tabe s
silved miTrOT aud emaining ene is lose uith a
Brewsters whdb, Hcompleteh silvered mirars
i tvdou. TLe tube has tusq electades connected to a powez supoly as shoa
Ln this Raser co_ molecule qre tleative ceuteres
(atez Ialet Wotez otlet

Mirdy
Breusters Partiaa
koindow mirser

Anode
qas Inet fas outte

in the mitre ot co,,N and He gas. ie free elecrns ave preuedin le

collisie ns oit. these aceelerated electrons The excitd ,. moletes thaus fo

eit ene to co nolecoles b collistans f come back to grsund otade. it.
+he co, molkeales get pumped to difhe enerrevel Es due do col "ih
with Ng moleules He the pepulation iaverstau tokas placed.
with te delp of extere phton, tletausidian bet dtfenent
energt levets of co,are take plhce as shon n
 Es

E3

Catbon diozih

i> Tle transition fam Eto E,, emits the raditau ot wavelo

unexited co, mele cules. Because of ths coz ma lecales in Edeve ncRas)

ie Ez evel get popalated. Then deexitatiin of ca,_wokeule iu E,_levef aky

collissns wi He ier co,_malecules cane back to oy otote.
Advanoges -
lases C1sk with

iiS Tt is catinusus wave mode ases

 AnsHola' gue
beam, Lasezt s
usiug wdatis Applizatons
yeconstution.
hanaya bject te
phenomanon halogrl
a

seferene it
seords method
o
iueteeze Expain
bean Heampltde of
recond ablaining-a t e
anf pocass
as

obeat
kalogan a Helaau {Hoee
bean
a ianensioa
ia
bqae a
uaigbeam three
bean ciam
st%
splez. enslona
ia
do inge
tuo
 vel aveb
thheyauuctThes odeotonHersirtr
Tleeenie
beam-lac
F.
vishua ottzdreta. be'to
owpds
ostuctioy calteIs

"Tus
holoan
of
Halogv49.
eal objebectay

Ketberaenuce
Lase obsesver
Lases..
 * contactLine A>
Applicatros
lasers a
Theaizerattaafuchiigant ot
ine
El oTHe
ogen ot Lasi
Lases contactas
is
jet tHlais
bloThe the
alo stn cammay au
Leus
can useful on
dasez shoueneges two E
be He
aclie to latesMetal in anmeBo
blo is uc
ve teussed ipuoities.
introdueing Henee area togetlz.
As4le
* causes +The
nelts dil
ding
welof
ith, is
plale
4he meta poes
in tLereoerpart 4Le auy
lase Cuaudmabi, toes very lasez to
vapouizt tle is
two
sldifies at laser. be
nosmal).
t cau
met no of tle wel d e
causes betocusee plafes
mete ship pale. aulin e is
sheet Hence to focussel
and buildig tledsdoria caliug
stek of are
calk dnda lases cendact
toa heldi
on
je odl ou
 i> Cutting ine
* d-lling
* lasesAs Laser *
plaBe Holeslasezdoillingbelwh Lasez
e place. Thepulsoting
Drlling
because cau pulse Lasee
be
dillee
in oflusez
duses be lser hke Hdles
focasa
d-illing veot evaporete Ndcan eMetelPlate leus
YAG be ike
casetHhle to drille
angdietion.
Hhesearenoveryie bedillein tle daseg. Hd
into YAG
materie
mateoil os
spet
verg, Co,
mechanie
vibaiouS olid
loses
smal
laave) usihy
ase
a hif
hals lale pour
cau in
be ts sag
dil ad
bean incseasesEz
3+ jn lesee.
4heu 4euevtedu
Tlen sieed
Fase seuatuing chromi4m+Kubg
silyese Cousutiòn
{
Gass
Tube he
chzemium its active
He LaseE}
inmese xenou
exHeTk abeuf jons
chane
centes.
ou (o
Basieallb
apidly ahsohed ia os-
heton
tous a 7)
gesrvoi| Rub
iattiate 0ccus at Josesean Powes
pulaton po the Xenou
Flash his
n part couaipurtaly
in Tube dlo
the
inverstn Hhe bauds ped
o ningiquid
stindafe tei excted sitions chzomiurs
xenonthe
enega
stefe wi
emislon Fase
silved jons
to
He
plaucd.take shecn as
n
beanlosez G
constituA
Hes in
the
 943A°
neessargt
gatlve
No .Tte
stops
action
asez
Levet te
Blue
grouevel.
Gren
Cev) Ene more
One