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Oscillation Revision Note

The document outlines the fundamental concepts of oscillation, including definitions of periodic motion, time period, amplitude, and simple harmonic motion (SHM). It covers energy in SHM, specific systems like mass-spring and pendulum, as well as damped and forced oscillations, resonance, and graphical representations. Additionally, it highlights various applications of oscillation in real-world systems.

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13 views1 page

Oscillation Revision Note

The document outlines the fundamental concepts of oscillation, including definitions of periodic motion, time period, amplitude, and simple harmonic motion (SHM). It covers energy in SHM, specific systems like mass-spring and pendulum, as well as damped and forced oscillations, resonance, and graphical representations. Additionally, it highlights various applications of oscillation in real-world systems.

Uploaded by

truptib312
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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OSCILLATION: REVISION NOTE

1. GENERAL CONCEPTS:
- Oscillation: Repetitive back-and-forth motion about mean position.
- Periodic Motion: Repeats at regular time intervals.
- Time Period (T): Time for one complete oscillation. Frequency (
- Amplitude (A): Maximum displacement from mean position.

2. SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION (SHM):


- Restoring Force: F -x F = -kx
- Acceleration: a -x a = - ²x
- Displacement: x(t) = A cos( t + ) or x(t) = A sin( t + )
- Velocity: v = ± (A² - x²)
- Time Period: T = 2 / , Angular Frequency: = 2 f

3. ENERGY IN SHM:
- Kinetic Energy: K (A² - x²) K = (1/2)m ²(A² - x²)
- Potential Energy: U x² U = (1/2)m ²x²
- Total Energy: E = (1/2)m ²A² (Constant)

4. SPECIFIC SYSTEMS:
- Mass-Spring System: T = 2 (m/k)
- Simple Pendulum: T = 2 (l/g)
- Physical Pendulum: T = 2 (I/mgh)

5. DAMPED OSCILLATION:
- Damping Force: F_d -v F_d = -bv
- Displacement: x(t) = A e^(- t) cos( 't + )
- Damped Frequency: ' = ( ² - ²)

6. FORCED OSCILLATION & RESONANCE:


- Driving Force: F = F cos( _d t)
- Amplitude: A 1/ (( ² - _d²)² + (2 _d)²)
- Resonance: Max amplitude when _d =

7. GRAPHS FOR REVISION:


- Displacement-Time: Sine or Cosine curve.
- Velocity-Time: 90° phase shift from displacement.
- Acceleration-Time: 180° phase shift from displacement.
- Energy-Time: K.E. and P.E. oscillate; total energy constant.

8. APPLICATIONS:
- Pendulums, Mass-Spring Systems, Tuning Forks, Seismographs, Shock

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