Arora Educator

Operating System
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Latest OS
1) Latest iOS = iOS 16
2) Latest Mac OS = macOS 13.0
Ventura = October 24, 2022
3) Latest Android = Android 13 =
Tiramisu = 15 August 2022
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What is Operating System
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Operating System Functions
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OS
✓ Software = System Software
✓ Interface b/w = User & Hardware
✓ Interface b/w = Application Software &
Hardware
✓ First OS = 1956
✓ First OS Name = GMOS
✓ GMOS = General Motors OS
✓ First OS Ran on machine = IBM 701
✓ Father of OS = Gary Kildall = CP/M OS =
Control Program for Microcomputers =
1974
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Mobile OS
✓ Nokia = Symbian OS
✓ Google = Android OS
✓ Microsoft = Windows OS
✓ Apple = iOS
✓ Blackberry = Blackberry OS
✓ Samsung = Bada OS
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Desktop OS
✓ Microsoft = Windows
✓ Apple = Mac OS
✓ Unix
✓ Linux
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OS Types
✓ Single-user, Single task = DOS, Windows 95,
Windows NT, Android, iOS
✓ Single-user, Multi-tasking = Windows &
MAC OS
✓ Multi-user, Multi-tasking = Unix, Linux,
Ubuntu, MacOS, Windows Server,
Mainframes, Windows Vista/7/8/8.1/10/11
✓ Real Time Operating Systems/Embedded OS
= Fax Machines, Printers, Scanners, Routers,
Robots
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Open Source OS
✓ Linux
✓ Android Linux Versions
1) Debian
✓ Open Solaris 2) Fedora
3) Gentoo
4) Ubuntu
5) Red Hat
6) Kali Linux
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OS Interface
1) CUI = Command Line Interface/
Character User Interface = Keyboard =
MS DOS
2) GUI = Graphical User Interface = Mouse
& Keyboard = Windows
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Windows OS ➢
➢
MS-DOS
Windows 1.0 - 2.0
➢ Windows 3.0 - 3.1
1) First = Windows 1.0 ➢ Windows 95
2) Latest = Windows 11 ➢ Windows 98
➢ Windows ME = Millennium Edition
➢ Windows NT
➢ Windows 2000
➢ Windows XP = eXPerience
➢ Windows Vista
➢ Windows 7
➢ Windows 8
➢ Windows 10
➢ Windows 11
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Android OS
1) First = Cupcake
2) Latest = Android 13 (Tiramisu)
3) Founder = Andy Rubin
4) Year = September 23, 2008
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Android OS 13-2015→Android 6.0-6.0.1→Marshmallow
➢ 1-2008→Android 1.0 14-2016→Android 7.0-7.1.2→Nougat
➢ 2-2008→Android 1.1 15-2017→Android 8.0-8.1→Oreo
➢ 3-2009→Android 1.5→Cupcake 16-2018→Android 9.0→Pie
➢ 4-2009→Android 1.6→Donut 17-2019→Android 10
➢ 5-2009→Android 2.0-2.1→Éclair 18-2020→Android 11→Red Velvet Cake
➢ 6-2010→Android 2.2-2.2.3→Froyo 19-2021→Android 12→Snow Cone
➢ 7-2010→Android 2.3-2.3.7→Gingerbread 20-2022 → Android 13→Tiramisu
➢ 8-2011→Android 3.0-3.2.6→Honeycomb
➢ 9-2011→Android 4.0-4.0.4→Ice Cream
Sandwitch
➢ 10-2012→Android 4.1-4.3.1→Jelly Bean
➢ 11-2013→Android 4.4-4.4.4→KitKat
➢ 12-2014→Android 5.0-5.1.1→Lollipop
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Linux OS
1) Founder = Linus Torvalds
2) Year = September 17, 1991
3) Open Source
4) Free from virus
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Apple OS
1) Latest iOS = iOS 16
2) Latest Mac OS = macOS Ventura
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OS Facts
✓ Client/server OS = Windows 2000
✓ My Computer = Windows 95
✓ OS is a collection of = Software Routines
✓ Real Time OS = Process Control
✓ Windows 8 = Not having Start button
✓ OS not support networking = Windows 3.1
✓ OS having small file name = MS DOS
✓ OS generates = Interrupt
✓ Long time no use = Hibernate Mode
✓ Short time no use = Sleep Mode
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OS Facts
✓ Files & Folder manager = Windows Explorer
✓ Windows 11 Announce Date = August 31, 2021
✓ Windows 11 Released Date = October 5, 2021
Windows 11 Features =
1) New start menu
2) Android apps
3) Integrated Gaming
4) Widgets
5) Microsoft Team
6) System Tray = Notification area
Windows 10/11 Commands Arora Educator
✓ Windows + X = Power menu
✓ Windows +S/Q = Search
✓ Windows + I = Open settings
✓ Windows + A = Open Notifications
✓ Windows + L = Lock Device
✓ Windows + D = Show Desktop
✓ Windows + E = Open File Explorer
✓ Windows + R = Run Command
✓ Windows + P = Project Screen
✓ Windows + V = Clipboard
✓ Windows + Shift + S = Snip & Sketch Tool
Windows 10/11 Features Arora Educator

✓ Snap Feature = to arrange all your open

windows using the mouse, keyboard, or
the Snap Assist feature
Windows 10/11 Features Arora Educator

✓ Shake ( Aero Shake ) = quickly minimize all

open windows except the currently active
window by shaking the currently active
window
Windows 10/11 RUN Commands Arora Educator

✓ diskpart = manage your computer drives

(disks, partitions, volumes etc)
✓ msconfig = Microsoft Configuration
✓ cleanmgr = Open disk cleanup utility
✓ main.cpl = adjust mouse settings
Windows 10/11 File name Arora Educator
characters not allowed
✓ < (less than)
✓ > (greater than)
✓ : (colon)
✓ " (double quote)
✓ / (forward slash)
✓ \ (backslash)
✓ | (vertical bar or pipe)
✓ ? (question mark)
✓ * (asterisk)
Windows 10/11 File name not Arora Educator
allowed
✓ CON, PRN, AUX, NUL, COM1, COM2, COM3,
COM4, COM5, COM6, COM7, COM8, COM9,
LPT1, LPT2, LPT3, LPT4, LPT5, LPT6, LPT7,
LPT8, and LPT9.

✓ File name under = 31 Characters

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MS DOS
✓ Microsoft = First OS
✓ Founder of MS DOS = Timothy Paterson
✓ QDOS (Quick & Dirty OS) → 1980
✓ QDOS → Renamed → 86-DOS
✓ Microsoft purchased 86-DOS
✓ Microsoft Purchased 86 DOS→ Renamed →
MS DOS 1.0 →1981
MS DOS Versions Arora Educator

1980 = Tim Paterson (QDOS)

1981 = DOS 1.0 (MICROSOFT) = IBM Release
1983 = DOS 2.0 = Hard Disk + Drivers
1984 = DOS 3.0 = Support Larger Disk
1988 = DOS 4.0 = Disk Shell introduced
1990 = DOS 5.0 = Memory Management
1991 = DOS 6.0 = Disk Compression
1995 = DOS 7.0 = Memory Optimization
MS DOS Wildcard Characters Arora Educator
Wildcard Characters =
2 Wildcard Characters = (*) and (?)
1) * = Single Character Replacement
2) ? = Any Numbers of Characters
Example =
1) C:\>del*.*
2) C:\>dir??ra.C
MS DOS Piping Command Arora Educator

Piping (|) = Combine multiple commands on

a single command
MS DOS Commands
1) Internal Commands = Pre loaded
commands / No External files required
2) External Commands = Not pre loaded
commands / Requires External files