SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE SECURITY INDUSTRY

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

This unit will help you learn:

 Explanation and Comparison of the different jobs in the security industry:

Private investigation, Security services, Loss prevention, Patrol services
 Explanation on the occupation of a security guard with respect to the
knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform well
 Explanation on the job specifications, activities, and demands of a security
guard (e.g., travel, off-hours, stress, risks, dangers, etc.)
 Explanation on the differences between private security and Police officers

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Course Overview
The Ministry of the Solicitor General is offering a Basic Training Program for Security
Guards. This program is designed for individuals who aspire to embark on a career in
the security industry, which is constantly growing and plays a vital role in modern
society. The success of the security industry lies in the skills and training of its
personnel. The program aims to equip security guard with the necessary knowledge,
skills, and attitudes required to perform their duties professionally and effectively.

The curriculum of the program covers various aspects of security work including:

 The introduction to the Security Industry

 The Private Security and Investigative Services Act and the Code of Conduct,
 Basic Security Procedures
 Report Writing,
 Health and Safety
 Emergency Response Preparation,
 The Canadian Legal System
 A Security Guards Legal Authorities,
 Effective Communications
 Sensitivity Training
 Use of Force theory
 Emergency First Aid, CPR with AED

The objective is to provide students with a sound foundation of knowledge that will
enable them to perform their job responsibilities in a competent manner.

Successful completion of the program will result in a better understanding of the role
and responsibilities of security guard and will equip them with the skills to handle a
variety of on-the-job situations effectively. The training is expected to help security
guard reach their full potential and lead to a successful career in the security industry.

You must also obtain your Emergency Level First Aid Certification to be eligible for
your license. The first aid training must be offered by an accredited trainer (either a St.
John Ambulance certified instructor or a Workplace Safety and Insurance Board
(Ontario) approved first aid trainer) and must be equivalent to the St. John Ambulance
course Emergency Level First Aid.

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The Emergency Level First Aid Certification is the minimum level of first aid training
you need to get your security guard license. Some job places, however, necessitate
the next level of first aid training: Standard Level First Aid. As a result, you may choose
to obtain the Standard Level First Aid Certification in order to expand the number of job
sites where you are qualified to work.

The final evaluation will take place at various testing centers across the GTA and
Province. The test consists of 60 multiple-choice questions based on topics covered in
the training course. Candidates will have 75 minutes to complete the test. There will be
additional support provided throughout the program to assess the understanding of the
material.

THE LEARNING JOURNALS

You will learn a lot in this course, knowledge that will be crucial to your future career
as a security guard. You will also come upon your own developing insights. You are
strongly encouraged to keep a notebook in order to prevent forgetting the material you
learn while taking this course, to be able to review what you've learned, and to expand
on it. Keep two journals: one for your course notes and the other for your observations
and reflections during this study time. You can also write both your notes and your
reflections in the same journal.

THE NEED FOR LEARNING JOURNALS

You are about to learn that maintaining a notebook will be something you have to do
consistently as you work through the course's lessons. You could also be asked to
complete a learning journal exercise occasionally as a help. You can reflect on your
course-related learning using these prompts to assist in evaluation. This course
requires that you keep a learning notebook. A few of the most important concepts from
the lessons you are taking must at least be written down.

LEARNING JOURNAL PRINCIPLES

Keeping a notebook can be done in any way—there is no right or wrong approach. It's
up to you how you make it and what you put in it. Yet, there is a lot of literature on the
subject, and learning journals are regarded as valuable study tools.

Maintaining a journal of your learning and insights will not only help you retain the
knowledge you are studying, but it will also improve your focus and comprehension of
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the concepts and content covered in this course. When you want to revisit a concept,
topic, or book discussed in the course, your notes and learning journal will serve as
helpful reference materials in the future.

Consider maintaining a learning journal as a purposeful way to express yourself that

will benefit your career. After you get the hang of it, you'll discover that maintaining a
learning notebook is enjoyable and fascinating. You'll benefit from doing this practise
in the following areas:

 Retaining concepts, insights, etc.

 Stimulating the mind
 Increasing awareness and self-awareness
 Improving comprehension of the topic studied
 Tying education to commitments, values, and morals
 Providing clarification
 Establishing objectives

WHAT MAKES A JOURNAL?

A journal may be printed or electronic. It could be a file stored on a disc, flash drive, or
your computer, a bound notebook, a binder filled with documents, or both. Even a
recording of your voice might be used. Nonetheless, you are need to use a word
processing tool for the duration of this course.

WHAT TO WRITE IN A LEARNING JOURNAL?

A learning journal is comparable to a daybook, log, or diary. The learning diary requires
deliberate thinking and commentary in an effort to make sense of the content you are
learning and relate it to your own ideas, values, ethics, and commitments. You will
record events, thoughts, and feelings in the learning notebook.

Make careful to include the date, the name of the lesson, and any important concepts
from the lesson each time you create an entry in your learning journal. Also, you can
list any websites, trade periodicals, reading assignments, and your own reflections on
the lessons you've learned.

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You can review your knowledge as you study by posing the following queries to
yourself:

 Do the lessons you've learnt have any ramifications for you?

 What does it reveal about your new career?
 What does it say about the security sector?
 What does it reveal about society as a whole?
 What steps must you take?
 Do you still have unresolved questions?
 Does something merit or demand additional investigation?

You might want to write the following kinds of entries in your learning journal:

 Explanation of the main concepts, ideas, emotions, and reactions from the lesson
 Something you observed after studying
 Materials you've learned about
 Resources
 Reflection
 Tasks that must be completed

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THE CANADIAN P.I.S.G ACT 1966:

The Canadian Private Investigators and Security Guards Act of 1966 set the foundation
for regulating the private investigation and security guard industries in Canada. It
ensured that those who sought to become private investigators and security guards had
the right age, experience, training, and moral character, as well as setting licensing
requirements and fees.

The act also specified the conduct rules for those working in these professions, such as

 The duty to report any observed illegal activities.

 The Act required that private investigators and security guards stay up-to-date on
current laws and procedures in order to maintain their licenses.

At the time the Act was passed, there were approximately 4,000 licensed security
guards in Canada, with no criteria for training or defining job competencies. This meant
that security guards could protect persons and property without proof of skills or
qualifications.

Recent events at both the provincial and national levels have identified a need for reform
in the Canadian Security Guard Training Act. The Ontario Human Rights Commission's
Report on Racial Profiling highlighted the need for security guards to be trained to
respect cultural diversity and to prevent racial profiling.

The Law Commission of Canada Discussion Paper “In Search of Security” looked at
various aspects of security guard training, including the importance of equipment,
training, supervision, and accountability.

Patrick Shand, 31, died in September 1999 after he was handcuffed and pinned to the
ground outside a Loblaws store in Scarborough by two staff members and a private
security guard.

They had followed him from their store after suspecting him of shoplifting.

Shand’s family has called into question the training procedures of security guards at
Loblaws and in the province.

The jury also made 22 recommendations aimed at improving training and regulation of
private security in Ontario.
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“This will prevent any other family from going through what we have gone through,”
says Shand’s mother Lethel.

The Private Investigators and Security Guards Act makes no mention of the use of
weapons, dogs or force when guards make arrests.

RECOMMENDATIONS ON P.I.S.G ACT 1996:

 AMENDMENT TO THE P.I.S.G.

The first Jury recommendation is that the Canadian Private Investigators and Security
Guards Act of 1966 should be amended by removing any existing exemptions for
proprietary or in-house security, and making it mandatory to obtain a license for all
individuals who are employed privately and are responsible for guarding and patrolling
persons or property for the purpose of protecting them. This would ensure that all
security personnel have the necessary qualifications, training, and experience to do the
job effectively and safely.

 NEED FOR URGENT CHANGE

The Jury recommends that the Private Investigators and Security Guards (P.I.S.G.)
program be amended as soon as possible. It is important that the government takes
immediate action to make these changes, and that they do so in a responsible and
diligent manner.

 MANDATORY TRAINING

The Jury suggests that the government should establish a required training program for
all security guards as a requirement for obtaining a license. This program should be
comprehensive and include both classroom instruction and on-the-job training, covering
various topics. They also emphasize on the importance of this training, as it provides
guards with the necessary skills and knowledge to perform their job effectively.

 TRAINING PROGRAM CURRICULUM

The Jury suggests that the government should develop a mandatory training program
for all security guards that is required for licensing. The program's curriculum should
include essential topics such as First Aid/CPR, use of force training that addresses the
risks of Restraint Asphyxia and Excited Delirium, and training on the use of tools such
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as handcuffs or batons for guards whose duties may include making arrests or the lawful
application of force. This will ensure that security guards are adequately trained and
equipped to handle the responsibilities of their profession.

 LICENSE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

The Jury recommends that the act governing the security industry should be revised to
align with the competencies and duties of security practitioners based on the training
they have received. Also, a licensing classification system should be put in place to
ensure that no security practitioner can carry or use tools such as handcuffs or batons
without first completing the necessary training. This will guarantee that security
practitioners are fully qualified and trained to perform their duties safely and effectively.

 TRAINING PROGRAMS AND PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

The Jury recommends that certified training programs for security practitioners should
be inclusive and not discriminate against individuals with disabilities. These programs
should not prevent individuals with disabilities from gaining employment as licensed
security practitioners as long as their duties do not involve making arrests or the lawful
application of force. This will ensure that all individuals, regardless of their abilities, have
the opportunity to pursue a career in the security industry.

 RE-CERTIFICATION

The Jury recommends that security practitioners whose duties may include making
arrests or the lawful application of force should be required to go through annual re-
certification in regards to Use of Force Training. This will help to ensure that they are
up-to-date on the latest techniques and strategies for using force in a safe and
appropriate manner. Additionally, security practitioners should also be required to go
through annual re-certification for CPR. This will ensure that they are prepared to
provide immediate first aid in case of an emergency. This regular recertification is vital
as it will keep the guards updated and informed about the latest techniques and
strategies in the field and will make them better equipped to handle emergency
situations.

 LICENSE IDENTIFICATION AND RENEWAL

The Jury recommends that licenses issued to security practitioners should clearly
identify the classification of the individual and the specific equipment they are authorized
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to use such as handcuffs and batons. This will ensure that security practitioners are only
performing duties and using equipment that they are qualified and trained to handle.
Additionally, the licenses should be renewed on a regular basis and this renewal process
should include the recertification of the competency of the practitioner, ensuring that
they are still qualified to perform their duties safely and effectively. This will also help to
improve accountability and transparency within the security industry and will make it
easier for clients and employers to verify the qualifications of security practitioners.

 IDENTIFICATION

The Jury recommends that security practitioners should always carry and display their
identification while on duty. When in uniform, this should include visibly displaying their
licensing information, such as a photograph, license number, company name, and
classification. This will allow clients and employers to easily identify and verify the
qualifications of security practitioners. Even when not in uniform, security practitioners
should have their identification readily available, as they may be required to produce it
at any time. This is important to maintain the trust and confidence of the public, and to
ensure that only qualified and authorized personnel are providing security services. The
identification card should also be tamper-proof and should be updated regularly to
ensure that the information is accurate and up to date.

 METHOD OF TRAINING DELIVERY

The Jury recommends that the Ministry should have oversight and control over the
method of delivery for the mandatory training program for security practitioners. This
includes approving and dictating the mode of training, whether it be in-person, online or
a combination of both. Additionally, the Ministry should publish and update regularly a
manual or guide that outlines the training and requirements, providing clear guidance
and structure for both security practitioners and trainers. This will ensure that the training
is consistent, comprehensive, and up-to-date, and will make it easier for security
practitioners to understand and meet the requirements for licensing and certification.

 CERTIFIED TRAINERS

The Jury recommends that mandatory training for security practitioners should be
delivered only by certified trainers who are qualified and have been approved by the
Ministry. This will ensure that the training is of high quality and that security practitioners
receive the knowledge and skills they need to perform their duties safely and effectively.

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The Ministry should also define and establish the competency level of the trainers,
setting standards for their qualifications and experience. This will also help to ensure
that the trainers are knowledgeable, and experienced and are able to deliver the training
in an effective manner. In addition, the Ministry should also establish a system for
evaluating the trainers and their training programs regularly to ensure that they are
meeting the requirements and providing the best training possible to security
practitioners.

 RECORD KEEPING AND EVALUATION

The Jury recommends that the Ministry should establish a system for record-keeping
and evaluation of the mandatory training program for security practitioners. This will help
to ensure that the training is being delivered consistently, and comprehensively, and
that it meets the necessary standards. The record-keeping system should include details
of the training program, the certified trainers, the security practitioners who have
completed the training, and any certification or licensing information. This will make it
easier for the Ministry to monitor the training program, evaluate its effectiveness, and
identify any areas for improvement.

 ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM

The Ministry should establish a robust enforcement system that includes the authority
to conduct inspections and audits in order to ensure compliance with the licensing and
training requirements outlined in the Act. Adequate resources should be allocated to
support the implementation and maintenance of this enforcement system, to ensure that
all private investigators and security guards are meeting the standards set out in the
legislation. This will help to ensure that the security industry is operating in a safe and
responsible manner and that members of the public are being protected.

 ADVISORY BOARD

The Ministry should establish an advisory group made up of key stakeholders to facilitate
communication and assist in the development of the curriculum for the mandatory
training program. This group would bring together individuals with relevant expertise,
including representatives from the security industry, public safety organizations, and
other relevant groups, to provide input and advice on the content and structure of the
training program. This will help ensure that the training program is comprehensive and

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addresses the needs of the security profession and that it reflects the latest best
practices and industry standards.

 OVERSIGHT BODY

The Ministry should set up an independent oversight entity to handle complaints lodged
by members of the public regarding security services. This body should be easily
accessible and have a high level of visibility to the public. This will ensure that members
of the public have a clear and straightforward means of raising concerns about security
services and that these complaints are handled in a fair and impartial manner. The
oversight body will also help to ensure that security providers are held accountable for
their actions, and that appropriate action is taken in response to any complaints
received.

 PORTABILITY OF LICENSE

The Act should be revised to include provisions for the transferability of individual
licenses. This would allow security practitioners to easily transfer their licenses from one
jurisdiction to another, without having to go through the entire licensing process again.
This will enable security guards and private investigators to work in different provinces
or territories, without having to re-qualify for their licenses. This will make it more
convenient for security practitioners and make it easier for them to take advantage of
job opportunities in different areas of the country.

 FUNDING MODEL

The funding structure for the mandatory training program in British Columbia could be
evaluated as a potential funding model for Ontario. This would involve looking at the
way in which the training program is financed in British Columbia, and considering
whether a similar approach would be appropriate for Ontario. This could involve
examining the costs of the program, the sources of funding, and the ways in which the
program is administered. By evaluating the funding model used in British Columbia, it
may be possible to identify ways in which a similar model could be adapted for use in
Ontario, in order to provide an effective and sustainable funding structure for the
mandatory training program.

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 REPORTING USE OF FORCE

It is suggested that licensed security practitioners should have an obligation to inform

their employer of any incidents of force used. The employer, in turn, should be held
responsible for reporting the statistics of use of force to the Ministry on an annual basis.
The Ministry should then make these statistics publicly available on an annual basis.
This will help ensure accountability and transparency in the use of force by security
practitioners and help identify areas where additional training or oversight may be
needed.

 EXCITED DELIRIUM MEMORANDUM

It is suggested that the Coroner's Office should refresh and distribute a memo, named
#636, that was issued by Dr. James Young on June 19, 1995, to the security industry.
It's worth noting that the Ministry completed this task on April 23, 2004, which is the
same day that the jury recommendations were released.

 MAKE ARRESTS.

If an employer assigns employees the task of making arrests for offenses related to
property, those employees should have the same licensing and training as security
practitioners who are authorized to make arrests.

 POLICY COMMUNICATION TO EMPLOYEES

It is important that clear and specific instructions, both verbally and in writing, are given
to each employee. This includes the retailer's expectations for how shoplifters should
be apprehended. A document should be signed by the employee to confirm they
understand these expectations and placed in their personnel file. It is recommended that
this communication and the sign-off process takes place regularly, ideally on an annual
basis.

 COMPLIANCE

Non-compliance with the regulations established by the act can result in hefty fines,
potentially leading to the revocation or temporary suspension of licenses for both
individuals and companies.

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BILL 159

Bill 159, also known as the Private Security and Investigative Services Act (PSISA), was
introduced by the Minister of Community Safety and Correctional Services, Monte
Kwinter. It went through the legislative process with its first reading on December 9th,
2004, its second reading on May 3rd, 2005, and its third reading on December 15th,
2005. After passing through all the necessary steps, it received Royal Assent on
December 15th, 2005, becoming an act of law.

PSISA

The Private Security and Investigative Services Act (PSISA) was enacted on August
23rd, 2007. This legislation replaces the previous act, the Private Investigators and
Security Guards Act (1966) and now regulates the private investigator and security
guard industry.

The Ministry also developed specific training curriculum for security guards and private
investigators, which were implemented on May 30th, 2008. In addition, there were
training and testing requirements established, including provincial testing standards
implemented on April 15th, 2010, and specialized training that is currently under
development.

The PSISA also establishes a code of conduct for private investigators and security
guards through regulations set out by the Minister.

Under PSISA, a Security guard is defined as an individual who receives payment for
primarily protecting people or property. This includes duties such as working as a
bouncer, bodyguard, or providing services to prevent theft or sabotage in industrial,
commercial, residential, or retail settings.

UNDERSTAND THE SECURITY INDUSTRY

The SECURITY INDUSTRY is a dynamic sector with significant expansion. There are
several prospects for employment, professional advancement, and personal
development within the business. Due to the fact that the industry comprises diverse
sectors, including:
• Manufacturers and installers of electronic security measures,

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• Security guarding,
• Physical security, and security advisory services,
• Guarding,
• Aviation security,
• Private investigation,
• Loss prevention,
• Patrol services,
• Law enforcement,
• Close protection, and security for the leisure industry.
The security industry does not end with the entry-level position of security guard. Great
prospects for progress exist for those who are ambitious and motivated. There are
numerous roles and career pathways available in this diversified profession, and there
is plenty of potential for advancement to supervisory capacity, management, and senior
positions for those with the aptitude and willingness to develop the necessary knowledge
and abilities.

SECURITY SERVICES

The security industry is one of North America's fastest-growing industries. The security
industry is divided into public and private sectors

Public security refers to police forces funded by municipal, provincial, and federal
governments in order to protect public interests.

Private security varies in a number of ways. Private security is designed to protect the
interests of a private client, as its name suggests. It is a self-employed or privately owned
business whose primary intention is to protect the client's financial interests for a fee. In
general, this includes the client's property, personnel, and information about all aspects
of the client.

Security Services is another core aspect of the security industry.

This includes services such as:

 Alarm response and monitoring, installations

 Mobile guards, lock smith services, access control, and loss prevention.
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 Check bathrooms at the start and end of each shift, as well as every half hour
during the shift.
 Reduce patron alcohol consumption by constantly monitoring the room.
 Detect patrons who should be disconnected or ejected before serving alcohol to
them.
 Monitor occupancy by taking frequent patron counts.
 Check patron identification for age in regard to liquor legislation.
 Monitor all entrances and exits while the service is in operation.
 Keep an accurate record of barred individuals by filling out the bar logbook.
 Settle conflicts through diplomacy and public relations.
 Such incidents should be reported to the police.
 Fill out incident reports to retain accurate records.
 Assist people with disabilities in and out of taxis.
 Arrange taxis for all customers who require them.
 After the pub has closed, the outside premises and ravine are inspected for
vagrants.
 When prompted, respond to security issues at the front desk.
 Enforce the no-smoking policy at bars.
 Only hotel guests should exit through the back door.
 Keep your Ontario Security Guard Licence current, use Smart Serve, and take a
yearly CPR refresher course.

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THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVES OF SECURITY INDUSTRY:

 PROTECT PEOPLE,
 PROTECT PROPERTY
 PROTECT INFORMATION.

PROTECT PEOPLE

Among the core responsibilities of a security guard is the protection of people. This can
take many forms, but the overarching goal is always to ensure the safety and well-being
of those in the facility or site where the guard is assigned.

One key aspect of this role is the ability to handle emergencies, such as FIRE, FLOOD,
and SMOKE. Security guards must be familiar with the proper procedures:

 Dealing with these situations and must be able to understand and operate fire
suppression systems.
 Knowledge of fire prevention and detection principles is crucial for activating
procedures that can prevent emergencies from escalating and harming those in the
facility.
 Security guards may encounter is the presence of unruly groups or individuals who
violate the rules and regulations of the facility. These individuals can pose a threat
to themselves and others, and security guards are often the first line of defense in
managing and controlling these situations. This requires the ability to deal with
crowds and effectively control them in order to maintain safety and order.
 Security guards must also be prepared to deal with injuries by understanding the
places and situations where injuries are most likely to occur and by being able to
identify and report on risks effectively.
 Security guards must be aware of physical hazards that could impact the safety of
people in the facility, whether they are existing hazards or potential hazards that

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could develop. This requires the ability to identify and understand the impact of
such hazards on people.

PROTECT PROPERTY

Another primary objective of a security guard is to ensure the safety and well-being of
those at the site or place of assignment. In order to accomplish this objective, there are
several key elements that a security guard must be familiar with.

Elements of a security guard’ duties:

 To be familiar with the layout and procedures related to the site that includes
understanding the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) or Post Orders, which
provide important information such as specific instructions to be followed in the
event of an emergency, phone numbers of emergency services, and client contacts
that need to be notified in the event of an incident on site.
 Security guards must also be familiar with the access system and procedures,
including authorized personnel permitted to access or egress the property.

In the event of an emergency on-site:

 Security guards are usually responsible for activating the required procedures and
measures, such as emergency evacuations. This requires the ability to follow set
procedures and act decisively in an emergency.
 Security guards may be called upon to deal with specific emergencies, such as
elevator entrapments, and should have a good understanding of the associated
methods and procedures.
 Access control is another important element of a security guard's job. They must
have a good understanding of access control systems and understand the
procedures related to checking identification and verifying a person's right to be on
the premise.
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 Security guards assigned to sites with elevators or escalators must have a good
working knowledge of the operation of these machinery and devices and
understand the potential hazards and procedures to be followed in the event of an
emergency.
 Patrolling is another important aspect of a security guard's job. They must
understand and properly conduct patrols of both the interior and exterior of the
building, following proper procedures and methods.

Security guards are also responsible for lost and found items and must be able to follow
lost and found procedures as set out by the client include:

Maintaining a log that records where an item was found, by whom and the time, or
recording who picked it up or reported an item lost. Procedures will vary from site to site,
and on-site training will be required on the specifics that need to be followed.

PROTECT INFORMATION

As technology continues to advance, the importance of protecting information has never

been more vital. Security guards play a crucial role in protecting confidential information
in various settings.

One of the major responsibilities of a security guard is to protect information includes:

 Keeping confidentiality of information about suspects with anyone not involved in the
incident, keeping site information confidential, and properly storing memo book
information.
 Security guards should also refrain from discussing incidents or occurrences with the
media, as this should be handled by a designated spokesperson or authorized person.
Another important aspect of protecting information is being aware of potential
computer theft.
 Techniques such as hacking, viruses, and the removal of computer chips or flash
drives can all be used to steal information.
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 To prevent this, security guards should be mindful of suspicious behavior and ensure
that anti-virus programs are in place.
 Security guards should be aware that software has copyright protection and should
be vigilant for employees who may be illegally copying software for personal use.

It is also important for security guards to understand the difference between an

INTRANET and the INTERNET.

AN INTRANET is a private network within an organization that uses the same software as
the public internet but is only accessible to employees.

THE INTERNET, on the other hand, is a vast collection of interconnected networks that
use the TCP/IP protocols.

In Canada, the Criminal Code has specific laws in place to address the misappropriation
and misuse of computer/electronic information.

Section 342.1 states that anyone who fraudulently obtains computer service or uses a
computer system with the intent to commit an offense can face imprisonment for up to
ten years.

In conclusion, protecting information is a vital responsibility of security guards. This

includes maintaining confidentiality, preventing computer theft, and understanding the
difference between an intranet and the internet. Security guards should also be aware
of laws and regulations in place to address the misappropriation and misuse of
computer/electronic information.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF JOBS IN SECURITY INDUSTRY

The security industry offers a wide variety of job opportunities for individuals looking to
PROTECT and SECURE property and assets. One of the most well-known positions in this
field is that of a security guard, but this job is just one of the many services that can be
performed within the industry.

There are numerous employment opportunities due to the diversity of jobs in the security
sector.
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Security personnel may work in the following places, among others:

• Condominiums
• College campuses and office towers
• Clinics and shopping centres
• Clubs and bars
• Government Buildings
• Construction sites, banks, and industrial sites

PRIVATE INVESTIGATOR

These individuals are hired by individuals or groups to undertake investigations into

various matters. Many jurisdictions require private investigators to be licensed, and they
may or may not carry firearms depending on local laws. Some private investigators are
EX-POLICE OFFICERS, FEDERAL AGENTS, MILITRY PERSONAL, while others may have
worked in private military companies or as BODY GUARD or SECURITY GUARDS. They are
expected to keep detailed notes and be prepared to testify in court regarding any
observations they make on behalf of their clients.

To obtain private investigators license in Ontario, you must complete a mandatory

training curriculum designed specifically for private investigators. The license required
for this type of job varies from the license required for normal security guard duties.

You can earn a dual license if you complete both the obligatory security guard and
private investigator training, as well as pass both ministry tests and meet the license
standards.

LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER

Another job within the security industry is that of law enforcement security guards. These
individuals are responsible for enforcing rules and regulations at their premise and for
enforcing various laws and acts. In many cases, security guards may be required to
conduct an arrest under the Trespass to Property Act or the Criminal Code. However,
it is important to note that security guards are not there to replace the police. If an arrest
is made, the security guard must deliver that person to a Peace officer, and in many
cases, company policies would include calling the police.
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LOSS PREVENTION OFFICER

Loss prevention is also known as asset protection, is a form of private investigation into
larceny or theft. The focus of such investigations generally includes shoplifting, package
pilferage, embezzlement, credit fraud, and cheque fraud. Loss prevention is used to
reduce the amount of all losses and shrinkage, often related to retail trade.

Loss prevention personnel also monitor stock areas, changing rooms, and restrooms on
a regular basis, and they occasionally assist with store opening and closing. They may
be required to provide loss prevention and security reports for management, as well as
testify in court against those they catch. Hotel loss prevention workers protect hotel
guests' belongings from theft and maintain order at hotel restaurants and bars. They
may also keep undesirable individuals off the premises, such as known thieves.

Security guards and private investigators who act in this capacity frequently hold dual
licenses.

PATROL SECURITY GUARD SERVICES

Patrol services are also a common service within the security industry. This is a physical
form of security that involves the use of a person to maintain a visual presence. The
guard will have various duties and tasks that will be performed while on patrol, including
monitoring for suspicious behavior, looking for hazards, and maintaining order.

In conclusion, the security industry offers a wide range of job opportunities for those
looking to protect and secure property and assets. From private investigators to law
enforcement security guards to security services, there are many different roles to
choose from within the industry. Each job offers its own set of responsibilities and
challenges, but all are focused on ensuring the safety and security of people and
property.

 VEHICLE PATROL

Vehicle patrol, in which they use a patrol vehicle to complete their duties. This may
include driving the patrol vehicle on the assigned property or to various accounts to
conduct patrols. An example of a vehicle patrol position is a security guard assigned to
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a Mobile Division within a security organization or a security guard assigned to patrol a

large parking garage.

 ROVING PATROLS

Roving Patrol, in which may include a combination of the above types of assignments.
These patrols may be used to provide support for onsite staff or to provide coverage for
a limited time as dictated by a client. Regardless of the assignment, the ultimate goal of
a security guard is to ensure the safety and security of the people, property, and
information under their protection.

STATIC SECURITY GUARD SERVICES

 FIXED POST

This refers to a post where the security guard is assigned to a specific area of the
property, such as guarding a single door or object. These assignments require the
security guard to remain in one location for the duration of their shift, and may include
positions such as a lobby guard or bank guard.

 FOOT PATROL POST

This refers to an assignment where the security guard is responsible for patrolling the
property, physically checking for breaches in security integrity and maintaining the rules
and regulations of the facility. An example of this type of assignment is a guard
conducting floor by floor patrols of an office tower.

SECURITY ADVISOR

Expert guidance and strategic direction are offered by security advisors for managing
information and IT. They provide recommendations and design security specifications
while advising clients on security needs. They frequently evaluate security threats and
risks for businesses or properties, evaluate current security measures, and suggest
necessary or beneficial upgrades. To make sure they adhere to regulations, they might
inspect security installation. They might audit IT systems and assess security system
bids. They might carry out electronic debugging and surveillance.

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SECURITY SYSTEMS INSTALLER

The Security Systems Installer position is best suited for those with technical aptitude,
a love of hands-on work, and good manual dexterity. A variety of equipment, such as
electrical and electronic surveillance systems and closed-circuit TV, must be assembled
by installers (CCTV). Additionally, they must be able to build rapport with clients, follow
operational guidelines, and finish necessary paperwork.

SECURITY SUPERVISOR / MANAGER

Security managers and supervisors work for both internal security departments and
contract security firms in a variety of sectors, including the public, private, and nonprofit
sectors. The primary responsibility of a security manager is typically to guarantee that
the facility or facilities under their supervision have adequate security. Depending on the
size of the firm, this can include a variety of responsibilities such as staffing, scheduling,
evaluating and/or creating security policies and procedures, training, emergency and
risk management, budgeting, and cost control, to identify a few.

GENERAL RESPONSIBILITIES AND DUTIES OF THE SECURITY GUARD

Ramesh is one of the first people you see when you walk into a large Toronto office
building. He works at the reception desk, where he answers questions and controls who
enters the building. Debbie works the night shift, watching computer screens that show
the entire layout of a bustling newspaper building. Anyone wishing to enter the site at
night must first speak with Debbie.

John works a variety of jobs, including sports event and concert security. Richard drives
from site to site all night, looking for problems to report and checking in with guards at
specific locations. These are just a few of Ontario's many security guards, and this is
only an image of their many responsibilities. Security guards have even been hired to
keep certain people away from funerals and to keep an eye on wet cement to ensure
that it is not disturbed!

In Canada, security guards outnumber Police officers. Police services provide free
protection to everyone. A security guard, on the other hand, can be hired if someone
wants extra protection for themselves, their property, or important information.

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You have a lot of responsibility as a security guard. People's lives could be in your
hands. You will be trusted with information that many others are not permitted to have.
You will be held accountable for property that is not yours and may be worth millions of
dollars. Your responsibilities can range from looking for safety hazards to enforcing
company rules to taking command in an emergency.

 MONITORING AND REPORTING

Your responsibilities will vary greatly from site to site and within some sites. Observing
entails not only seeing but also carefully watching and taking notes on what you see. It
entails paying close attention to details that you might not normally notice.

It means noticing things you might not usually notice and paying close attention. It entails
paying close attention to details that you might not normally notice.

Taking careful notes or preparing a report will benefit greatly from careful observation.
Reporting involves communicating what you have observed to the appropriate
individuals. You can do this over the phone, in person, or through a written report. You
must report anything unusual that occurs during your shift, as well as any instances in
which rules are not followed. It is critical that you keep meticulous notes and reports
because they may be used as evidence in court.

It's important to keep careful notes and reports because they may be used as evidence
in court. As you can see, security guards have a wide range of responsibilities. Some of
the areas for which you may be responsible are listed below.

 CRIME PREVENTION AND DETECTION

Most criminals will be deterred from doing anything illegal on your property simply by
your presence. However, if someone attempts to commit a crime, you should contact
the police and provide them with vital information. This could help them catch the
criminals or stop the crime in progress. You should take careful notes in order to
remember as many details of the crime as possible.

It is critical to maintain positive relationships with the police at all times. You form a
security team with your local police force. It is also critical that you understand exactly
what you are and are not permitted to do under the law.
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 MAINTAINING GOOD PUBLIC RELATIONS

You will be in constant contact with the public at some locations, such as a mall. The
client may expect you to provide assistance and information. If they have a problem,
they may come to you. It is critical that you always conduct yourself professionally.

As the name implies, public relations (PR) is concerned with maintaining relationships
with the general public. Public relations professionals work to establish and improve
these relationships. Most organizations and businesses communicate with a variety of
individuals, groups, and communities. This group of people can include the government,
financial institutions, pressure groups, customers, suppliers, and so on.

Security personnel serve a variety of publics due to the nature of the business. The
public served is determined by the jobsite and job description. Security personnel will
encounter and serve a variety of publics, including the client, whether acting as a
"Intelligence Agent" collecting information or as a "Management Representative"
providing information.

The following list of potential publics highlights the appropriate response to their
presence and requests in your role as a security guard:

 Visitors

Visitors should be treated as guests.

 Employees

Employees must be protected by security personnel.

 Media

You are not a journalist. Maintain confidentiality and direct media inquiries to appropriate
management personnel. Be aware that the media may attempt to obtain eyewitness and
insider information from you. It is not your responsibility to keep the media informed.

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 Callers on the phone

When you answer the phone, identify yourself and your company. Respond politely,
articulately, and authoritatively. Be calm and prepared. Always keep a list of frequently
requested information near the phone.

 Emergency Responders

Professional and clear communication is critical in emergency situations involving

police, fire, ambulance, or HAZMAT teams. It could mean the difference between life
and death for some people. It may be necessary for asset security. Emergency
personnel require accurate directions and information from security personnel in order
to perform their duties effectively.

 Representatives Of Clients

Security personnel frequently serve as management representatives. As such, they play

a critical human and public relations role. A security guard might be the first or only
person a member of the public meets within a specific organization. The public's
perception of security personnel can be used to judge the organization.'

 EMERGENCY RESPONSE

If an emergency occurs on your site, you may be the first person to offer assistance.
You will need to respond appropriately. Every site should have a plan for what to do in
an emergency and a plan for what to do in case of a fire.

In the event of a fire, you may need to evacuate a building. Others will have more faith
in you if you know what to do and can act quickly. Other emergencies, such as a bomb
threat, may also require your assistance. Bomb threats are uncommon, but if one occurs
on your site, you will most likely be the person in charge. You must be prepared to
respond in these situations.

 ACCESS CONTROL AND THE USE OF ALARM SYSTEMS

Security guards are frequently required to control the movement of people, vehicles,
and materials entering, within, and leaving their premises. Checking ID cards, using an
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alarm system, and inspecting packages and vehicles may be necessary. Sometimes
clients are concerned that their workers are taking goods or information from the site. In
these cases, you may be asked to conduct searches of employees as they leave the
site. You must also keep an eye out for any intruders who attempt to enter the site.

 PATROLLING

When you patrol, you can see a much larger area than if you stayed in one spot. This
allows you to see what is going on and identify hazards throughout your site. It also
means that more people will see you. Someone who is considering doing something
illegal may reconsider because you are nearby. By doing this, you help prevent crime.

 CONTROLLING TRAFFIC

One of your responsibilities may be to direct traffic within your website. In an emergency,
you may also be asked to assist the police by directing traffic in a public place.

 IDENTIFYING AND REPORTING POTENTIAL SAFETY HAZARDS

Your patrols will consist of performing safety inspections on your site and immediately
reporting any problems. A hazard that is quickly identified and corrected cannot cause
an accident or injury. You could save lives by identifying fire hazards or hazardous work
habits.

As you can see, you will be in charge of a wide range of responsibilities. However, in all
situations, your primary responsibilities are to observe, deter, and report.

DESCRIPTIONS FOR SECURITY GUARD POSITIONS

In this quickly expanding industry, there are many different jobs and tasks. To see what
demands and expectations a security guard encounters, let's look at two sample job
descriptions.

Example No. 1: Healthcare Security, Security Guard

We are currently looking for highly motivated, vivid security specialists who want to work
in law enforcement.

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Working for our company will give you invaluable law enforcement and crime prevention
experience. Our hospital locations offer a setup that will not only give you a long-term
job but also set you up for career advancement in law enforcement or security.

Job Duties and Responsibilities

 Use of computers and literacy

 Report accurately and keep track of all security incidents.
 Continual exterior and interior building foot patrols
 Professional use of two-way radio
 Recognizing alarms and people in need of help
 Access control monitoring
 Assemble documentary and verbal proof of wrongdoing or criminal activity
 Keeping an eye on situations, cameras, assets, and events
 Whenever someone is in need, lend a helping hand.
 Maintain successful connections with important parties
 Working in a related field
 Capability to deal with difficulties and communicate effectively
 Ability to work a variety of shifts (evenings, weekends, and days), with a minimum
daily walking speed of 18 to 20 km
 Writing thorough reports and keeping accurate records
 Having the capacity to act quickly and independently in emergency situations
 Follow directions, both written and oral
 The capacity to act with extreme discretion when handling private information
 Knowledge of basic security procedures, how to deal with aggressive behavior, and
how to communicate without being defensive
 Security Guard Licence for Ontario.

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Example 2: Bouncer, Hotel restaurant, and Bar

To uphold all liquor license laws pertaining to the serving of alcohol while protecting and
ensuring the safety of customers and employees both inside and outside the premises.

Job Duties and Responsibilities

 Limit customer alcohol consumption by closely monitoring the room at all times,
especially at the beginning and end of each shift and every half hour while it is in
operation.
 Prior to serving too much alcohol, identify customers who need to be cut off or
ejected.
 Utilize frequent patron counts to keep an eye on occupancy
 Check the age on patron identification to ensure compliance with alcohol laws
 During operations, keep an eye on all entrances and exits.
 Make entries in the bar logbook to maintain a complete record of those who have
been barred.
 Utilize diplomatic and public relations techniques to settle disputes
 Report certain incidents to the police
 To ensure accurate record keeping, complete incident reports.
 Assist people with disabilities into and out of taxis
 For every customer who requests it, call a taxi
 When asked, attend to security issues at the front desk. Enforce the no-smoking
policy in the bar. Check the surrounding area and ravine for squatters after the bar
closes.
 Ensure that only hotel guests use the back entrance to leave.
 Continually renew your Ontario Security Guard License, Smart Serve, and CPR
certifications

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Even though the two job description examples differ from one another, you may have
noticed that they share a lot of characteristics.

Both positions call for a high level of physical vigor as well as excellent communication,
interpersonal, and written skills as well as the ability and willingness to help others.

COMPARISION BETWEEN SECURITY GUARD, LOSS PREVENTION OFFICER

AND PRIVATE INVESTIGATORS

Security guards, loss prevention personnel, and private investigators all have
overlapping responsibilities.
To name a few similarities, all three may secure:

 A crime scene,
 Take witness statements,
 Testify in court,
 Make an arrest, and
 Conduct surveillance.

The key distinction between the two is that a private investigator’s work consists mostly
of conducting investigations in order to offer information, whereas a security guard’s
work consists primarily of guarding or patrolling in order to secure person or property.

Security guards, unlike private investigators and loss prevention, wear uniforms with
their agency’s crest or logo, as well as their name or id number, as a sign of their
authority. The uniform and duties of security guards are intended to have a visual
impression in order to deter crime and loss.

Private investigators and loss prevention personnel are not required to wear uniforms
due to the nature of their work. They must, however, carry their private investigator
license and produce it upon request, similar to a security guard.

Reading industry and professional journals to stay up to date on the newest trends is a
good idea no matter what career path you choose. Whether the security profession is a

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stepping stone to a career in policing, security management, business, or even a

completely new field, it is important to stay up to date on current developments in the
industry.

Reading industry publications will help you extend your horizons and learn what
seasoned industry professionals are talking about. It will make you aware of the
important actors and forces driving change in the sector, as well as provide you with a
perspective and a greater sense of the types of opportunities accessible to you in the
security industry.

ABILITIES AND SKILL

As a security guard, one of the most important aspects of the job is the way in which
you interact with the public. The way you conduct yourself, your demeanor, and your
appearance, can have a significant impact on the way in which people perceive your
role and the effectiveness of your service.

When it comes to dealing with the public, it is important to remember that you have the
opportunity to promote the image of your employer, the client, and yourself. This means
that you should always be aware of your behavior and strive to project a positive image.

 APPEARANCE

The way you present yourself in uniform can have a big impact on the way others
perceive you. It is important to ensure that your uniform is clean, pressed, and worn
correctly. This will help to convey a sense of professionalism and authority.

Body language, tone, and words are the three elements that have the most impact on
how someone interprets your communication with them.

For example, how many times have you asked someone how they're doing or what's
wrong, and they answer "nothing," but you can tell by their tone that there's a problem?

You must always keep in mind that you have a great opportunity to enhance the
reputation of your employer, the client, and yourself whenever you interact with visitors,
customers, salespeople, or members of the general public.

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You should always strive:

 To be Courteous, friendly, dignified, and confident in your interactions with others.

This means speaking to others in a respectful and polite manner and responding
to negative comments or situations with a calm and composed demeanor.
 To be Tactful and considerate when dealing with people. As a security guard, you
may encounter people at their worst, such as during a crisis or emergency situation.
In these cases, it is important to remember the dignity factor and be sensitive to the
feelings of others.
 Exercise restraint and act within the scope of your authority and duties When it
comes to using force or making arrests. You should always use force in accordance
with the law and follow the guidelines set out by your company and site policies.
 Maintain a proper physical stance, walk smartly and with purpose, and avoid any
actions that convey a lack of focus or attention.
 Maintain a clean and organized work environment, as it contributes to a
professional impression and can prevent potential security issues. Additionally, it
is important of having positive personal attributes and behavior in promoting a
positive work environment and improving productivity.

In summary, A security guard should keep their work environment clean and tidy, and
be self-motivated and positive. By following these guidelines, you can help to promote
a positive image and provide effective security services to the public.

 DISCIPLINE AND INTEGRITY

Discretion is crucial in this line of work, as being cautious and taking everything into
account is essential to maintaining a safe and healthy work environment.

One of the key aspects of discipline and integrity is following rules and regulations. This
means never knowingly disobeying an order or regulation, especially those which you

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are responsible for enforcing. It is also crucial to have a thorough understanding of the
laws and site rules, as well as corporate policies, in order to effectively carry out your
duties.

It is important to remember that as a security guard, you are often the first point of
contact for members of the public, clients, and their staff. In many cases, these
individuals will form an opinion of you based on their brief interactions with you, which
can greatly impact their perception of the security at the site. Therefore, it is essential to
set a good example on a daily basis and maintain a professional appearance and
attitude.

 RELIABILITY AND PUNCTUALITY

Reliability and punctuality are also important aspects of discipline and integrity. A guard
should always arrive for their shift fifteen minutes prior to the start time in order to have
a smooth transition during shift changes. Additionally, it is important to be well-rested
and ready for work, as well as to not abandon your post until you have been properly
relieved.

 ATTITUDE AND SELF-IMPROVEMENT

Maintaining a positive attitude is essential for any security guard, as it not only makes
communication easier but also makes them better representative for their employer.

However, staying positive can be a challenge, especially when dealing with difficult
people or frustrating situations. There are seven strategies for keeping a positive attitude
as a security guard:

 Important to remember that you are a "volunteer" in this profession and to revisit
your reason for choosing this career. This will remind you of the purpose and
importance of your role as a security guard.
 Take pride in what you do as a professional and strive to do the best work you can.
Understand your goals and your role as a law enforcement professional, and keep
in mind that you have the ability to make a positive difference in the lives of people
in your community.
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 Important to use good stress management techniques to deal with provocations

by other people.
 Pursue professional development opportunities, in terms of training and other
career enhancement options to help you become a better and more effective
professional guard.
 Strive to maintain good physical and mental fitness.
 Live a balanced life by staying involved with family, friends and outside activities.
 Keep in mind that what works for one person might not necessarily work for
another. Everyone is an individual and should find what works for them.

It is also important to stay informed by reading news articles and checking the internet
for any important updates or incidents in policing and security. Remember that
knowledge is one of the most useful tools, and there is always a need to keep abreast
of relevant new knowledge, techniques and best practices.

In conclusion, maintaining a positive attitude as a security guard is essential for Effective

Communication and to be a positive representative for your employer. By following
these seven strategies, you can improve your attitude and become a better professional
guard. Remember that there is always room for self-improvement and by constantly
looking for ways to improve yourself, you will be an ever-evolving individual.

DEMANDS OF A SECURITY GUARD

Security guards play a vital role in maintaining the safety and security of various
properties and organizations. However, the job also comes with its own set of demands
and considerations. Some of the key factors that security guards must take into account
when working in the industry:

 TRAVEL:

A security guard must expect that they will have to travel some distance to get to work.
This can include driving or taking public transit, both of which come with their own set of
stress factors. A professional security guard must always be prepared for unforeseen
problems, including travel delays and unexpected weather conditions.
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Remember, as discussed earlier, a security guard should arrive at least 15 minutes

before the start of their shift. This 15-minute buffer should be factored into your travel
time.

 OFF-HOURS:

The security industry is a 24-hour, 7-day-a-week industry. One can expect to work a fully
rotating schedule, including days, afternoons, and midnight shifts. This will also include
traveling at these off-hours. Always use extra caution when traveling during off-hours.

The other factor that comes into play in this demand is that you may be working during
off-hours. One must get used to adjusting your 'internal clock' frequently to
accommodate the rotating shifts.

For those who have never worked shift work before, this will take some time to get used
to. However, once in the swing of things, it will become second nature.

For Example: Security Guards Working at 24-hours Manufacturing Plant

Security guards working at a 24-hour manufacturing plant often work during off hours,
including nighttime or weekends, to ensure that the facility remains secure and
operational at all times. They may be responsible for monitoring the plant's entry and
exit points, patrolling the facility, and responding to any potential security breaches that
may occur.

This demand requires the security guard to remain alert and vigilant during periods of
low activity, maintain an awareness of surrounding areas, and ensure that all necessary
duties and responsibilities are met. They must also have excellent communication and
problem-solving skills to interact with employees, vendors, visitors, and others who may
enter or exit the plant premises during off hours.

Security guards working at 24-hour manufacturing plants must be able to work in a

dynamic environment that may require them to manage unexpected situations with
minimal supervision. They must also have the flexibility to work irregular or long shifts,
occasionally with short notice. To meet this demand of working off hours, they need to
have good organizational skills and have the ability to work independently while

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following specific security protocols, ensuring that the manufacturing plant remains safe
and secure at all times.

 STRESS:

One can already see how stressful this job can be with what has already been discussed
till now. Not only do you have to adjust your sleep pattern, which can be stressful for
some, but you will also be working in a position of authority.

Many people that you will deal with will not like the fact that you are telling them what to
do. This can amount to a high degree of stress for a guard. Should a guard never have
dealt with an emergency, like a fire alarm, they will most likely feel a great deal of stress
when dealing with it. However, this is normal. Even if you have dealt with several
emergency situations, you can never become comfortable in your surroundings.

For Example: Security Guards Working at Concerts or Large Events

Security guards working at concerts or large events often have to manage a variety of
challenging situations that can be stressful. They may need to handle large crowds of
people, manage and direct traffic, and address medical or other emergencies that can
arise suddenly.

The security guards must be trained to work under pressure, remain calm during crowd
situations, and handle the stress of unexpected events such as crowd surges, fights or
other disturbances. They should also have exceptional communication skills to interact
with event attendees, organizers, and local law enforcement services as necessary.

To meet this stress demand, security guards must be able to work in a fast-paced and
highly demanding environment. They should be quick to respond to emergencies, solve
problems, and communicate effectively with event management and law enforcement
personnel, exhibitors, and attendees. Additionally, they must be physically fit to handle
the demands of crowd control, prolonged standing or moving for long periods, and other
physical demands that this type of work may require.

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 RISK/DANGERS:

Remember, with any job, there are dangers and risks that come with it. Working in the
security industry is no different. Understanding that security guards work in a law
enforcement capacity with the authority to arrest and potentially be involved in a physical
altercation, one can only expect that there will be dangers in that. Working in various
types of buildings, one must remember that each building brings its own unique group
of risks and dangers.

For Example: Security Guards at Banks

The security guards working at banks often face high-risk situations that require them to
be trained and prepared to handle potential threats. They are responsible for protecting
the people, assets, and property within the bank, including the money and other
valuables.

The security guards at banks must be trained in dealing with potential threats, such as
armed robbery, hostage situations, and other criminal activities. They must be able to
recognize potential threats and respond quickly and effectively to minimize harm and
maintain security.

Their duties may also include monitoring security cameras and alarms, carrying out
regular security patrols, and working with other bank employees to ensure that security
measures are in place and being followed. They must also be able to communicate
clearly and effectively with law enforcement personnel in case of emergencies.

In summary, security guards working at banks face unique challenges and demands
that require specialized training, attention to detail, and a constant focus on maintaining
the highest levels of security and safety at all times.

In conclusion, working as a security guard comes with its own set of demands and
considerations. These include travel, off-hours, stress, and risk/dangers. It is essential
for security guards to be aware of these factors and take them into account when
working in the industry. By understanding these demands, a security-guard can better
prepare themselves for the job and ensure that they are providing the best possible
service to their clients.

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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SECURITY GUARD AND POLICE OFFICER

A Security guard's responsibilities are distinct from the police officer. Enforcing the law
is a primary duty of police officer. Protection from damage or loss is the primary
responsibility of a security guard. The community as a whole is served by the police.
Security guards work for a certain employer or customer. Public law enforcement
officials include Police officers. Security guards work for private employers and without
any legal special status or power.

The tasks performed by private security and the Police officers frequently overlap.
Security and police both play a part in preventing harm to people and their property, and
security occasionally aids law enforcement in doing their job. Police and private security
co-exist in numerous settings and in many different ways.
.
Private security personnel are not required to uphold the law, unlike Police officers and
other law enforcement personnel. Police officers are not the same as private security
guards. Security personnel may be legally able to participate in law enforcement
activities and make arrests in certain situations, but this does not mean that they are
obligated to.

Private security guards are exempt from the general obligation to enforce the law, with
one exception. It is a violation of section 129 of Canada's Criminal Code for a security
guard to either obstruct the police in their efforts to enforce the law or to fail to assist a
police officer in performing their duties after receiving reasonable notice that they are
required to do so without providing a reasonable excuse.

Appointments for private security guards, such as special constable appointments, allow
them to serve as both security guards and law enforcement officer at the same time.

55 Nugget Avenue, Unit#207, © Safety First Security (416) 906-4011

Scarborough, Ontario, M1S 3L1 Safety1security@gmail.com