1.
Introduction to Computer Science
Computer Science is the study of algorithms, programming, data structures, and
computational theory to solve problems efficiently using computers.
Key areas include software development, artificial intelligence, databases,
cybersecurity, and networking.
2. Programming Basics
Programming Languages: Python, Java, C++, JavaScript, etc.
Syntax & Semantics: Rules for writing correct code.
Variables & Data Types: Integer, Float, String, Boolean, etc.
Control Structures: If-else, loops (for, while).
Functions: Code reuse, modularity, parameters, return values.
3. Data Structures
Arrays: Fixed-size collection of elements.
Linked List: Nodes connected by pointers (Singly, Doubly, Circular).
Stacks: LIFO (Last In, First Out) structure.
Queues: FIFO (First In, First Out) structure.
Trees: Hierarchical structure (Binary Tree, BST, AVL Tree).
Graphs: Nodes (vertices) connected by edges (BFS, DFS).
Hash Tables: Key-value storage for fast lookups.
4. Algorithms
Sorting Algorithms: Bubble Sort, Merge Sort, Quick Sort.
Searching Algorithms: Linear Search, Binary Search.
Graph Algorithms: Dijkstra’s Algorithm, Floyd-Warshall.
Dynamic Programming: Optimization technique (Fibonacci, Knapsack Problem).
5. Databases
SQL (Structured Query Language): Used for relational databases (MySQL, PostgreSQL).
NoSQL Databases: MongoDB, Redis (for non-tabular data).
Normalization: Reducing data redundancy.
Transactions & ACID Properties: Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability.
6. Operating Systems
Functions: Process management, memory management, file system, security.
Types: Windows, Linux, MacOS, Unix.
Process Scheduling Algorithms: FCFS, Round Robin, Shortest Job First.
Deadlocks & Synchronization: Mutual exclusion, critical section problem.