KNOWLEDGE OF ATTITUDE OF HEATH WORKERS TOWARD

HEALTH RECORD KEEPING

(A CASE STUDY OF UDUTH SOKOTO)

BY

SA’ADATU ABDULSALAM
REG NO: HND/DE2/19/008

SCHOOL OF HEALTH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, UDUTH

SOKOTO

JUNE, 2021

KNOWLEDGE OF ATTITUDE OF HEATH WORKERS TOWARD

HEALTH RECORD KEEPING
 (A CASE STUDY OF UDUTH SOKOTO)

BY

SA’ADATU ABDULSALAM
REG NO: HND/DE2/19/008

A PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF HEALTH

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, USMANU DANFODIO
UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL (UDUTH) SOKOTO IN
PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE AWARD OF HIGHER
NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND) IN HEALTH INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT.

JUNE, 2021

CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that this project work was carried out by

SA’ADATU ABDULSALAM with Registration No: HND/DE2/19/008

under the supervision for the award of HIGHER NATIONAL

DIPLOMA in School of Health Information Management (SHIM)

Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto, Sokoto

State.

___________________ __________________
MAL. KAYODE ORIMOLOYE Date
Project Supervisor, SHIM
UDUTH Sokoto

___________________ __________________
MAL. SHEHU UMAR Date
Principal, SHIM
UDUTH Sokoto

___________________ __________________
Date
SMOH, SHIM
External Examiner
 DEDICATION

This project work is firstly dedicated to my parents Alhaji Ishaq

Abdulsalam and Hajiya Aishatu Mustapha who support me from

the begging of my studies and they also support me financially

and morally. All praise be, glorification and adoration be to

Almighty Allah (S.W.T) may peace be and benediction be upon

the noble soul prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) and to his household,

companions and generality of all Muslim till day accountability.

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

My sincere gratitude goes to Almighty Allah for his grace to have

kept me alive till this day and gave me the necessary strength
and determination to bear through the work and programme.
The research work will never been completed without the aid of
my supervisor MAL. KAYODE ORIMOLOYE it gives me great
pleasure to acknowledge the debt I owe on his untiring criticism
and useful suggestion which greatly improve the project work.
May the Almighty Allah reward his effort. My special thanks go to
all the lectures and non lectures staffs in School of Health
Information Management SHIM UDUTH.
My special recognition goes to all the members of my family more
especially my father, my mother and also to my siblings for their
love and concern since the beginning of my studies, may
Almighty Allah continue to bless you in all endeavors I say a big
jaza kumulahu khaeiran also extend my appreciation and regard
to my greatly indebted to the following to my great relatives my
lovely grandmother, cousins, nephews and to unforgettable
person who always encourage me and support me in terms of
making decision,
Prince Samson Adeloro Adedeji who assisted me both financially
and morally appreciate all your effort and I say a big thank you.
I acknowledge the kind treatment and peaceful co/living of my
following roommate and workers colleagues Nafisat Mudassir,
Hafsat Gidado Jegawa, Aisha Adamu, Grace Madaki Pius, Rahama
Zubairu, Faith ThankGod, Mummy and my one and only Gimbi
I really appreciates you all, May Almighty
Allah reward you all abundant Amin.
 ABSTRACT

This study knowledge of attitude of heath workers toward health

record keeping (a case study of UDUTH Sokoto) The study

reveals that in the course of this research. I found that about 80%

of health workers are fully aware of health of what health

information management is all about I also found that health

works have full understanding and they are aware that health

information is of great importance in health worker as a good

attitude toward health information management and they also

encourage it The result was discussed extensively on relation to

its relevance of the study. The study adopted a survey research

method /in which questionnaire was used for data collection

recommendation were proffered in most effective way that health

institution can be organizing training workshop or seminar on

man power development to enhance health information

management.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cover

Page………………………………………………………………………..i

Title Page…………………………………………………………………………

ii

Certification…………………………………………………………………….iii

Dedication……………………………………………………………………….i

Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………...

Abstract………………………………………………………………………….vi

Table of

Contents……………………………………………………………..vii

CHAPTER ONE

1.0Introduction………………………………………………………….11-12
1.1 Background of the Study………………………………………….12-

13

1.2 Statement of the

Problem……………………………………………..13

1.3 Aims and Objective of the

Study…………………………………….13

1.4 Significance of the Study………………………………………………

15

1.5 Scope and Limitation …………………………………………………..14-15

1.6 Research

Questions…………………………………………………….14

1.7 Definition of Terms…………………………………………………15-16

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Introduction………………………………………………………………17

2.1 Definition of health record …………………………………………

2.2 History health record ……………………………………….

2.3 Development of health record in Nigeria ………………….

2.4 Source of health record ……………………………………….

 2.5 Essential of health record ……………………………………

2.6 Uses of the health record ……………………………………..

2.7 Computer application …………………………………………

2.8 Health record in the future ……………………………………

2.9 Duties ……………………………………………………………….

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction……………………………………

3.1 Research Design………………………………………………………..29

3.2 Sampling Techniques………………………………………………….29

3.3 Population of the Study…………………………..

3.4 Method of Data

Collection…………………………………………....30

3.5 Method of Data Analysis…………………………………………....30

3.6 Method of Data Analysis………………………………………………30

3.7 Validity and Reliability……………………………………………….30

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION

4.1 Introduction……………………..

4.2 basic demographic information response

CHAPTER FIVE

Conclusion, Summary and Recommendation

5.0 Introduction………………………………………………………………39

5.1 Summary……………………………………………………………..39-40

5.2 Conclusion …………………………………………………………..40-41

5.3 Recommendation……………………………………………………41-

42

References

Questionnaires.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

This chapter will tend to introduce the following: Background information of place

of study, statement of the problem, aim and objectives of the study, significance of

the study and operational definition of the key terms. The importance of
documenting information of events has now Decone more popular and get

improved from one decade to another (10yrs) this has brought about shifting from

using stones drumming, guns shut and the rest of them to inventing of machines

such as computers, microfilming etc. which are capable of recording and

processing of information faster and accurately. The electronic data processing

machine which come out as a new innovation has more tremendously brought

about reformation to the word of information management.

The information technology has greatly transformed the pattern of documenting

activities and event that take place at every point in time around the world,

especially with this networking and internet. services with the use of websites

which globally cuts across all areas of human endeavors. The relevance of

To these points we can now understand the relevance of understand information by

fully carrying out operation in all areas of record in machine. The proper

documentation of patient record by the bedside was originated by gallen, who then

took history of is patients by the bedside and kept that information for the future

reference. This research work is therefore set to look into the cause of informed

their attitude and knowledge towards health record keeping and at the end will

serve as a solution that will correct their abnormalities and their awareness, among

the health workers and the public at large. Remember that memory forgets but

record remembers.
 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Health information management is on doubtfully a significant tool in delivery of

health care services to the public, but it seen the relevance of health information
management as one essential tools needed for preventive , curative and rehabilitate
in health care facilities is not understood by users and beneficiaries and event
health workers who are the form of health of health care delivery system. The pay
little or no regards to the health information management in the hospital but they
forget that without health information there will be no achievement in the health
care delivery system.

This is the reason why some health workers are not caring to document what so
ever treatment they give to the patient and do, does it haphazardly and without
even any mind of possible feature constellation . the health workers has a false
through in their mind that health information officers are only card issue and at the
sometime the least in the hospital where at the function is far above that the
knowledge and attitude of health record workers towards health record keeping
become a burden issue safety of the popular it become therefore necessary that
some time urgent must be done to correct this abnormalities end false through
especially at first growing technological age where health information
management has been computerized even with internet .

1.2AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The main aim and object of the study are follows-:
1. to access the knowledge and attitude of health records workers
towards health records keeping
2. to determine the factors that knowledge, and attitude of health
records workers toward health record keeping
1.3SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
 1. To access the performance of health workers health information
management
2. To provided data of interest to researchers
3. To protect the legal interest of patient, hospital and health workers
against medical legislation.
4. To provide data for statistical evaluation
5. To provide information for training education, seminars, workshop
1.4RESEARCH QUESTION
What is the percentage of health record workers toward record keeping,
is there relationship between the knowledge and attitude of health record
workers towards health record keeping
1.5SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this research will cover the knowledge and attitude of health record
workers towards health record keeping in Usman Danfodiyo University Teaching
Hospital Sokoto

1.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This research project limited to Usman Danfodiyo University Teaching Sokoto

due to time, financial and material resources constrains that limit the research

To cover a wider scope.

1.7 DENITION OF SOME BASIC TERM

2. Health -; is a complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not
mercy the absence of disease or infinity.
3. Record -: is a writing account that is kept for feature use
4. Information -: is a knowledge gathered as a result of data
processing
 5. Health information -; are the use computer (electronic ) and paper
base (writing)in the collection, storing processing retrieve and
administration
6. Computer -: electronic device or machine which accept data as
input device store, process and send the result as output writing a
very first speak
7. Statistic -: scientific method of collection data., organizing
analyzing and interaction of numerical fact so as drown a valid
conclusion
8. Innovation -: introduction of new idea
9. Recommendation -: an official suggestion about the best thing to
do.
10.Technology-: scientific knowledge used in practical
11. HIM (health information management )

CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE VIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION
 This chapter view the existing literature include the definition of health
information management history of health information management
development of health information management Nigeria use of health
information manager towards health information management
2.2 CITATIONS

World health organization9who 20150 define health information management

as the practice of maintenance and care of health record by traditional (paper
based ) and electronic (computer ) means in the hospital

Attima (1928) define health information management as the practice of

acquiring analyzing and protection digital and traditional medical
information usual to providing quality patient care

Organization of health information (1996) define health information

management as the combination of vital and health statistical data from
multiple source use to drive information about health needs health resources
use of health services and outcome of use by the people in a define region or
jurisdiction

Attima (1928) stated that the history of health information management dated
back

To the introduction of American health information management association

founded in 1828 when American college of surgeon established the
association of record Liberians of north American (ARLNA) to elevate the
standard of clinical record in hospital and other medical association

In 1838Attima was known as American association of medical record

Liberians (AAMRL) and it’s member were known as medical record science,
the record of patient kept by them on the skin of animal or on the three
 before the advent of colonial master. The goal of this carrier was to raise the
standard of keeping record of patient in the hospital and others health care
facilities, paper medical record were kept and maintained instead fast fashion
from 1970pioneering American university often partnered with large health
care facilities the patient information was created and the materialized
software was only useful at that sing health care facility.

A KSNJI D. O (1980) state that there is no significant difference as regard to

the history of health information in Nigeria with rest of the world. They all
stated same manner in Nigeria before the advent of the colonial master and
missionaries . Health information management was first introduce in Nigeria
when the first hospital (Marry Slessor) built in 1892 at Calabar in cross river
state and also sacred health hospital in Abeokuta, Ogun state in 1895 by
white missionary revered Henry Thomson in 1843. Later in 1884 premier
university teaching hospital Ibadan was established and the need to train
indigenous officers to study their began, the first medical record department
was approved by the government medical record were asked to start training
of medical student in the first April 1857, the colonial mater committed
expatriate to medical record department since then the practice of health
information has been gaining much awareness it department as a separate
entire to fully carryout the work of health information management. To also
provide information required for the measurement evaluation monitoring and
control of health care and health planning management at all level of health
care delivery system for the complication of health data for management
planning and reference purpose.

Who (2005) states that computer is cable of handling various function th highe
degree of accuracy and very fast in operation. Computer can be used to
 perform virtually all service of health information management , it is capable
in all field of life the ea where computer application can be applied in the field
of health information are -:

 Collecting of patient information (general statistic)

 Tabulating of health data
 Booking and updating of appointment
 Locating of indexing disease condition and operation procedure

The world health organization (WHO) developed software for LCD 10

package to code disease with little or no reference to manual LCD-10
textbook. The efficiency of this application software depending on the
technical knowledge of the programmed analysis that is handling the
installation. The computerization of health information management in
healthcare delivery system can make the work easier and faster and accurate

Lath our of patient information (2010) state the duties of health information
managers as-:

1. Planning information and hospital administration

2. Develop health police and identify current and future information
3. Application of the science of information to the collections storage uses and
transmission of information to meet the legal workers ethical and
administrative record keeping requirement of health care delivery.
4. They work with clinical epidemiological, demographic reference care data
5. The focus on the collection maintenance and use of quality data to support
the information intensive and information reliant in health care system
At PCC health information management program provide the fundamental
skill necessary to begin a carrier in health information management; the
 program is accredited by commission on accreditation for health information
management association.
Health information also called health information health care information or
biomedical information is a discipline at intersection of information science
behavior science and health care it deals with resource, device and method
required to optimize the acquisition, storage, retrieved and use of information
in health and biomedicine health information tools include computer
‘’clinical guideline, formal medical technologies and information and
communication system, it applied to the area of nursing clinical medical
research and alternative medical too
Clinical information is concerned with use of information in health care by
clinical information transformation transform health care by analyzing,
designing , implementation and evaluating information and communication
system that
Enhance individual and population health outcomes improve patient care and
strengthen the clinical patient relationship, clinical information use their
knowledge of patient care combined with their understanding of informatics
concept method and health information tool
1. Assess information and knowledge need of health care workers and patient
2. Characterize, evaluation and refine clinic processes sub specialties in health
information include-:
- Health care informatics
- Public health information
- Community health informatics
- Home health informatics
- nursing informatics
- medical informatics
- information for education and research in health and medical

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter will discuss the following; research design, target population,
sampling techniques, instrument for data collection reliability and validity for data
collection procedure and method of data analysis

3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN

Tudi D.S and Hawkins ( 1984) state that research design is the specification of
procedure for collection and analyzing the data and analyzing the data necessary
to help in solving the at hand such as that the different between the cost of
obtaining various level of accuracy and expected value of the information
association with each level occurrence is minimized

Taking the nature of this research work into consideration the research design
would be surveyed using questionnaire which will be conducted to elicit required
information

3.3 TARGET POPULATION

The target population for this research project is the entire health works of various
department of Usman Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto

Which is approximately one thousand two hundred (1200)

3.4 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES

Sampling techniques involves the study considerable detail of relative small

number of information taken from a large group.

Sampling is devoted by “n” this occur when a number of sampling unit is drawn
from a population is then considered as applying to the whole universe. Sample
space random sampling would be used in this research work sample spaces of 120
staff are selected distributed to various department of specialization such as-;
Medical department

Surgery department

Health record department

Pharmacy department

Nursing department

3.5 INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION

The tools to be use for data collection will be questionnaire design and distributed
to various department of UDUTH Sokoto

3.6 RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY

In this research questionnaire was design and submitted to the project supervisor
where he goes through it and make necessary adjustment and correction to make
the research work valuable and reliable.

3.7DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE

Primary data will be collected in this research project using a design questionnaire
which will be administered to the health workers various department of Usman
Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto

3.8METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS

The analysis to be use in the research project is a simple percentage analysis to

text the relationship between the knowledge and attitude of health record workers
towards health records keeping
 CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 INTRODUCTIONS
This chapter deal demographic information of the respondents knowledge toward
health information management the demographic variables staff are giving below
eighty (80)questionnaire were distributed but 70% were returned in this chapter
the percentage of the respondent was taken into consideration

4.2 Basic demographic information of the respondent

Table 4.1 age distribution of the respondents

Age Frequency Percentage %

25-35 30 4.6%
36-50 40 55.4%
Total 70 100%

The age range of 36-50 has the highest frequency of 40 with 55.4% respectively
while the age between 25-36 has lowest frequency of 20with 44.6 percent

Table 4.2.2 distribution of respondent by sex

sex Frequency Percentage %

Female 20 28.6%
Male 50 71.4%
Total 70 100%

From the above table male has the highest value of 50 with 71.4% while female
has 20 frequency with28. 6%

Table 4.2.3 distribution of respondent by department

Department Frequency Percentage %

Health record 25 35.7%
Laboratory 15 21.4%
Pharmacy 5 7.1%
Nursing 20 28.6%
x-ray 5 7.1%
Total 70 100%

The above table indicates that health record department has the highest frequency
of 25 follow by nursing department with 28%then laboratory with 21. 4 while
pharmacy and x ray has 5 respondent 7.1% respectively

Table 4.2.4 distribution of respondent by designation

Designation Frequency Percentage %

Doctors 20 28.6%
Nurses 15 21.4%
Medical record 15 21.3%
Medical lab 10 10.3%
X – ray 10 14.3%
Total 70 100%

This table indicates that the frequency of 20

Respondents with 20.6% while the nurse and medical record officers has
frequency of 15 each with 21.4% respectively, medical lab and x ray has 10
respondent each and 14.3%
 Table 4.2.5distribution by their respondents period of work in Usmanu
Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto

Period of working Frequency Percentage %

25-5 30 42.8%
6-10 20 28.6%
11-20 20 28.6%
25 above 0 0%
Total 70 100%

The above table express the frequency of period of working in UDUTH Sokoto
‘’2-5 years has

30 respondents 6-10 years has 20 respondents each with 28.6%

4.3 knowledge of the respondent toward health information management

Table 4.3.1 objective of health information management

Objective of health Frequency Percentage %

information management
Maternal for patient care 20 25.6%
Research and education 5 7.1%
tools
For hospital legal 5 7.1%
interest
For patient legal interest 20 28.6%
All of the above 20 28.65
Total 70 100%
The above table shows that material for patient care for patient legal interest and
all of the above has higher respond of 20 with25.6 each while research and
educational tools and for hospital legal

Interest has the frequency of 5 with 7.1 each

Table 4.3.2 source of health information management

Source of health Frequency Percentage %

information management
Census 20 28.6
Registration of disease 15 21.4%
Registration of vital 20 28.6
event
Registration of health 15 21.4
statistic
Total 70 100%
From the above table census, registration of vital and event and registration of
health statistic has 20 respondent each and others other has 15 respondent each

Table 4.3.3 Use of health information management

Uses of health Frequency Percentage %

information management
To coordinate 10 14.3
To educate 10 14.3%
To store data information 10 14.3%
To monitor progress 10 14.3%
All of the above 30 42.6%
Total 70 100%
The above table express that all has highest frequency of 30 respondent while
others has 10 respondents each with 14.3%

4.4 role of health information management

Table 4.4.1

Does health information Frequency Percentage %

management play a vital
role health care system
Yes 60 85.7%
No 10 14.3%
Total 70 100%

The table above that (yes) has the highest valu9e of about 60respondents while
(no) has 10 respondents

Table 4.4.2

Is health information Frequency Percentage %

management
Component of health
care
Yes 50 71.4%
No 10 14.3%
I don’t know 10 14.%
Total 70 10-0%

The table above indicates what (yes0 has the highest value of 50 respondents with
71.4% while (no I don’ know has the lowest value of 10 respondents with 14.3%
 CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

SUMMARY

Research: it can be defined as scientific and systematic process or Ocean data,

analyzing it and interpreting it in order to solve the problem or answer question.
Chapter one a definition of health record was given when essentially is defined as
clinical scientific administrative and legal documents relating to patient care in
which is recorded sufficient data, written in sequence events to justify the
diagnosis and warrant the treatment end result. Record keeping. Record keeping 1t

Connotes storing an information or data (a valuable one) for further use. However,
nowadays the best way of record keeping is through the use of modern computer in
order to able to use the data whenever need arise. Also within the chapter a
statement of the research Problem was highlighted which the record is keeping is
doubtfully ideal process in delivery of health care services to the public real seems
the relevance of health record keeping an essential too needed for presenting
information in appropriate orientation progress in the health workers who are the
front health done stem n the same chapter the objectives of the study was stated

As follows

a. To assess the knowledge of health workers on record keeping

b. To assess the attitudes toward health record keeping

 c. To determine the attitude of health workers towards health records

keeping as impact on health care delivery or service In the same chapter
scope of the study and limitation. The scope and limitation of this research
work will be restricted to UDUTH Sokoto in Sokoto Wamakko local
Government area of Sokoto state
 The department are-
 Medical department
 Pediatric department
 Surgery department
 Health records department
 Nursing department
 Pharmacy department
  Radiology department
 h. Maternity department

Also with the chapter the significance of the study stated

As follows

a. to provide clinical data of interact to researchers

b. to protect the legal interest of patient, hospital and health professions against
legislation

C.to assess the performance of the workers towards record keeping

In the same chapter operational key terms was defined:-

a. Health is the complete state of physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity

b. Health record:- is a complication of patient facts of partner facts life and health
history including past and present illness and treatment written by the health
workers Contribution to the patient care.

5.1 CONCLUSION
This study is - based on knowledge and attitude of health records profession
toward health record keeping. The study reveals that health workers are aware
of health information management they also have knowledge on the
importance and usage of health information
in the course of this research found that about 80 of health workers are aware
that health information is of great uses in works have a good attitude toward
health information management and they also encourage it. However there
are some of the health workers in the clinical sector who know much about
information management so they encourage it and have great attitude toward
 it. So also there are those who do not know much about or aware of what
health information is all about so those one kick against it they belief it does
have importance in the health sector, they event call name health information
officers as card issue ‘ where as the function is far above what thought
5.3 RECOMMENDATION
1. there should be a programmed of health, seminars , workshop among all the
workers which /will educate them more on the practice of health information
management
2. There should be an introduction of health information management course in
others health profession curriculum as to have background knowledge on
health information management
3. Health information manager should be sent for training in other to increase
their performance specially in computer training .
4. Non health workers e.g statistically should not be employed in the area of
health information management
5. Adequate facilities and equipment should be provided
6. For health
7. Information management in order to increase the effectiveness and
8. Efficiency of their service rendered to the patient .
 REFERENCE

1. Attima (1928) American health information management association

2. Akanji D. O (1980 development of heath record in Nigeria
3. Aremu H.P (1991) introduction to medical record
4. Bankole M.A (1991) medical record clinic practice
5. Muhammad ladan (2005) a paper presented at the workshopimplementation
of health management system
6. Lecturenote on statistical analysis by mal. Haliru marafa
7. U.S new world report ( 2012)