CBSE MATHEMATICS

The Final Steps ......

(The Most Assured Questions of Sri Chaitanya)
Class : X Board: CBSE Subject : Mathematics
Topic : 1 : 5 IMP Questions

14. PROBABILITY

Concept - I : Probability - A theoretical Approach

Model : 1 (Problems Related to Coins)
1. Two coins are tossed together. Find the proability of getting
i) both heads ii) exactly one head
⎡ 1 1⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 4 ii) ⎥
2⎦
⎣
2. Two unbiased coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting
i) two heads ii) one head iii) one tail
iv) at least one head v) at most one head vi) no head
⎡ 1 1 1 3 3 1⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 4 ii)
2
iii)
2
iv)
4
v)
4
vi)
4 ⎥⎦
⎣
3. Three unbiased coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting :
i) at least one head ii) exactly one tail iii) two heads and one tail
⎡ 7 3 3⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 8 ii)
8
iii) ⎥
8⎦
⎣
4. Three coins are tossed simultaneously. What is the probability of getting
i) exactly two tails ? ii) at most one tail ?
⎡ 3 1⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 8 ii)
2 ⎥⎦
⎣

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5. A coin is tossed 3 times. Find the probability of getting:

i) at least 2 heads ii) not getting the same result in all the tosses
⎡ 1 3⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 2 ii) ⎥
4⎦
⎣
6. Three unbiased coins are tossed together. Find the probability of getting :
i) all heads ii) two heads iii) one head
⎡ 1 3 3⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 8 ii)
8
iii)
8 ⎥⎦
⎣

Model : 2 (Problems Related to Dice)

1. A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting :
i) a composite number ii) a prime number
⎡ 1 1⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 3 ii) ⎥
2⎦
⎣
2. Two different dice are tossed together. Find the probability of getting a sum 10, of the numbers on the
two dice
⎡ 1⎤
⎢ Ans : 12 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
3. a) Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the probability of getting different numbers on the
two dice.
b) Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the probability of getting same numbers on both the
dice.
⎡ 5 1⎤
⎢ Ans : a) 6 b)
6 ⎥⎦
⎣
4. Two dice are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting
a) an even number on both the dice b) the sum of two numbers more than 9
⎡ 1 1⎤
⎢ Ans : a) 4 b)
6 ⎥⎦
⎣
5. A die is rolled once. Find the probability of getting :
a) an even prime number b) a number greater than 4
c) an odd number
⎡ 1 1 1⎤
⎢ Ans : a) 6 b)
3
c)
2 ⎥⎦
⎣

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6. Two different dice are thrown together, find the probability that the sum of the numbers appeared is
less than 5 ?

⎡ 1⎤
⎢ Ans : 6 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
7. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability that the sum of the two numbers appearing
on the top of the two dice is less than or equal to 10.

⎡ 11 ⎤
⎢ Ans : 12 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
8. Two different dice are thrown together. Find the probability that the numbers obtained have
i) even sum ii) even product

⎡ 1 3⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 2 ii)
4 ⎥⎦
⎣
9. Two dice (one blue and one grey) are thrown at the same time. Write down all the possible outcomes.
What is the probability that the sum of the two numbers appearing on the top of dice is:
i) 8 ii) 13 iii) less than or equal to 12

⎡ 5 ⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 36 ii) 0 iii) 1⎥
⎣ ⎦
10. Two dice are thrown together and the score is recorded.
i) What is the probability of getting a total of 7?
ii) What is probability of getting product as 12?
⎡ 1 1⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 6 ii) ⎥
9⎦
⎣
11. Two dice are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3 respectively. They are thrown and the sum
of the numbers on them is noted. Find the probability of getting each sum from 2 to 9 separately.
⎡ 1
⎢ Ans : Sum 2 = 18
⎣
1
Sum 3 =
9
1
Sum 4 =
6
1
Sum 5 =
6
1
Sum 6 =
6
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1
Sum 7 =
6
1
Sum 8 =
9
1⎤
Sum 9 =
18 ⎥⎦

12. An unbiased die is thrown. What is the probability of getting :

i) an even number ii) a multiple of 3
iii) an even number or a multiple of 3 iv) an even number and a multiple of 3
v) a number 3 or 4 vi) an odd number
vii) a number less than 5 viii) a number greater than 3
ix) a number between 3 and 6

⎡ 1 1 2 1 1
⎢ Ans : i) 2 ii) iii) iv) v)
⎣ 3 3 6 3

1 2 1 1⎤
vi) vii) viii) ix)
2 3 2 3 ⎥⎦

13. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability of getting :
i) an even number as the sum ii) the sum as a prime number
iii) a total of at least 10 iv) a doublet of even number
v) a multiple of 2 on one dice and a multiple of 3 on the other
vi) same number on both dice i.e., a doublet
vii) a multiple of 3 as the sum

⎡ 1 5 1 1 11
⎢ Ans : i) 2 ii) iii) iv) v)
⎣ 12 6 12 36

1 1⎤
vi) vii)
6 3 ⎥⎦

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14. In a simultaneous throw of a pair of dice, find the probability of getting :
i) 2 will not come either time ii) a doublet of prime numbers
iii) a doublet of odd numbers iv) an even number on first
v) an even number on one and a multiple of 3 on the other
vi) neither 9 or 11 as the sum of the number on the faces
vii) 5 at least once
viii) a number other than 5 on any dice
ix) 2 will come up at least once

⎡ 25 1 1 1 11
⎢ Ans : i) 36 ii)
12
iii)
12
iv)
2
v)
36
⎣

5 11 25 11
vi) vii) viii) ix)
6 36 36 36

Model : 3 (Problems Related to Playing Cards)

1. One card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards, each of the 52 cards being equally likely to be drawn.
Find the probability that the card drawn is :
i) an ace ii) red iii) either red or king
iv) red and a king v) a face card vi) a red face card
vii) ‘2’ of spades viii) ‘10’ of a black suit

⎡ 1 1 7 1
⎢ Ans : i) 13 ii) iii) iv)
⎣ 2 13 26

3 1 1 ⎤
v) 12 vi) vii) viii)
26 52 26 ⎥⎦
2. One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting
i) a non face card ii) a black king

⎡ 10 1 ⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 13 ii)
26 ⎥⎦
⎣
3. One card is drawn at random from a well - shuffled deck of 52 playing cards. Find the probability that
the card drawn is :
i) a red king ii) not a black card iii) an ace of hearts
⎡ 1 1 1 ⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 26 ii) iii)
52 ⎥⎦
⎣ 2

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4. A card is drawn at random from a well - shuffled deck of playing cards. Find the probabilioty that the
card drawn is
i) a card of spade or an ace ii) a black king
iii) neither a jack nor a king iv) either a king or a queen.
⎡ 4 1 11 2⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 13 ii)
26
iii)
13
iv)
13 ⎥⎦
⎣
5. One card is drawn at random from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability that the card
drawn.
i) is queen of hearts ii) is not a jack
⎡ 1 12 ⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 52 ii)
13 ⎥⎦
⎣
6. All the kings and queens are removed from a deck of 52 playing cards. Remaining cards are well
shuffled and then a card is drawn at random.
Find the probability that the drawn card is
a) an ace of hearts b) a black card c) a jack of spades
⎡ 1 1 1 ⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 44 ii) iii)
44 ⎥⎦
⎣ 22
7. All red face cards are removed from a pack of playing cards. The remaining cards are well shuffled
and then a card is drawn at random from them. Find the probability that the drawn card is 9i) a red
card (ii) a face card and (iii) a card of clubs.

⎡ 10 3 13 ⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 23 ii)
23
iii)
46 ⎥⎦
⎣
8. The king, queen and jack of clubs are removed from a deck of 52 playing cards and the remaining
cards are shuffled. A card is drawn from the remaining cards. Find the probability of getting
i) a card of heart ii) a queen iii) a card of clubs
iv) a face card v) a queen of diamond

⎡ 13 3 10 9 1⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 49 ii)
49
iii)
49
iv)
49
v)
49 ⎥⎦
⎣

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Model : 4 (Problems Related to Numbers)

1. An integer is chosen at random from integers 1 to 50. Find the probability that the selected integer is
divisible by 6.

⎡ 4⎤
⎢ Ans :
⎣ 25 ⎥⎦
2. A box contains 20 discs which are numbered from 1 to 20. If one disc is drawn at random from the
box, then find the probability that the number on the drawn disc is a
i) 2-digit number ii) number less than 10

⎡ 1 9 ⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 2 ii)
20 ⎥⎦
⎣
3. A box contains 90 discs which are numbered 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random from the box,
find the probability that it bears a :
i) 2-digit number less than 40. ii) number divisible by 5 and greater than 50.
iii) a perfect square number.

⎡ 1 4 1⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 3 ii) iii)
10 ⎥⎦
⎣ 45
4. A box contains 90 discs which are numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random from the
box, find the probability that it bears.
i) a two - digit number
ii) a perfect square number
iii) a prime number less than 15

⎡ 9 1⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 10 ii)
15 ⎥⎦
⎣
5. A bag contains cards which are numbered from 2 to 90. A card is drawn at random from the bag.
Find the probability that the drawn card bears:
i) a two digit number
ii) a number which is a perfect square.

⎡ 81 8⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 89 ii)
89 ⎥⎦
⎣
6. An integer is chosen at random between 1 and 100. Find the probability that it is
i) divisible by 8 ii) not divisible by 8

⎡ 6 43 ⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 49 ii)
49 ⎥⎦
⎣
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7. Cards numbered 7 to 40 were put in a box. Poonam selects a card at random. What is the probability
that Poonam selects a card which is a multiple of 7 ?

⎡ 5⎤
⎢ Ans : 34 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
8. There are 100 cards in a bag on which numbers from 1 to 100 are written. A card is taken out from the
bag at random. Find the probability that the number on the selected card (i) is divisible by 9 and is a
perfect square (ii) is a prime number greater than 80.

⎡ 3 3 ⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 100 ii)
100 ⎥⎦
⎣
9. Cards marked with numbers 5 to 50 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. A card is drawn from
the box at random. Find the probability that the number on the card taken out is:
i) a prime number less than 20
ii) a perfect square number
iii) a multiple of 5 or 6

⎡ 3 5 17 ⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 23 ii) ii)
46 ⎥⎦
⎣ 46
10. Cards marked with number 3,4,5, ...., 50 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. One card is
drawn at random from the box. Find the probability that the number on the drawn card is
i) divisible by 5
ii) a number which is a perfect square.

⎡ 5 1⎤
⎢ Ans : i) 24 ii)
8 ⎥⎦
⎣
11. 20 cards, numbered 1 to 20 are mixed thoroughly and then a card is drawn at random. Find the
probability that the number on the drawn card is a multiple of 3 or 5.
⎡ 9⎤
⎢ Ans : 20 ⎥
⎣ ⎦

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