SDO MALABON CITY

8
Supplementary
Learning Materials in
Technology and
Livelihood Education

Carpentry
4th Quarter
 LEARNING COMPETENCY:
LO1. Identify materials and tools for a task.
1.1 Describe tools and materials used in carpentry.
1.2 Prepare tools and materials for a task.
L02 Request appropriate materials and tools.
2.1 Fill out forms in requesting for carpentry tools and materials as required for a
task.
TLE_IACP7/8-0a-1

WEEK 1: BASIC MATERIALS AND TOOLS IN CARPENTRY

EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

a. describe tools and materials used in carpentry;
b. prepare tools and materials for a task; and
c. fill out forms in requesting for carpentry tools and materials as required for
a task.

PRETEST

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on your
answer sheet.
1. This material is used for fastening woods.
A. gravel B. Cement
C. Nails D Plywood
2 Implements manipulated by the hand to facilitate carpentry works.
A. Tools B. Materials
C. Equipment D. Hardware
3. A fine gritty substance found in the shore and desert.
A. Cement B. Gravel
C. Lumber D. Sand
4. A tool used for cutting wood along the grain
A. Back Saw B. cross- cut saw
C. Hack Saw D. Rip Saw
5. A tool used for vertical alignment
A. Level bar B. Plum – bob
C. Pull – push – rule D. Try Square
 BRIEF
INTRODUCTION

DESCRIPTION OF MATERIALS AND TOOLS

In this lesson you will describe the materials and tools according to their
description per job requirement in carpentry.

REMEMBER

MATERIALS:
MATERIAL DESCRIPTION
Lumber sawn Timber
Nails made of metal used for fastening woods
Plywood thin cross laminated sheet of wood
Cement a powdered substance which when mixed with water acts as
binder of aggregate
Sand fine gritty, substance found in the shore and desert
Gravel coarse aggregate

TOOLS:
TOOLS DESCRIPTIION/ USE
Pull-push-rule used for measuring long distances
Claw hammer used for driving and pulling out nails
Cross-cut-saw tool used for cutting across the grain
Ripsaw used for cutting along the grain
Plumb-bob used for vertical alignment
Try square used to test the squareness of a stock
Hack saw fine toothed saw used to cut metals and pipes
Level bar tool used in checking vertical and horizontal

Materials and tools applicable to a specific job in carpentry.

Materials Uses
Lumber Construction/Carpentry
Nails Construction/Carpentry
Screw Construction/Carpentry
G.I wire Construction/Carpentry
Cement Construction/Carpentry
Sand Construction/Carpentry
 Steel Reinforcement Construction/Carpentry
G. I Sheet Construction/Carpentry

Tools Uses
Saw Cutting lumber or board
Tri-Square Testing square-ness
Level bar Testing level
Chisel Cutting
Plane Smoothing
Drill bit Boring / Drilling
Hammer Driving nails

REQUESTED MATERIALS AND TOOLS ACCORDING

TO THE PREPARED LIST

Bill of Materials
A bill of materials is a list of all things needed in a project together with their
description, sizes and amount or price. All information needed should be in the bill
of materials.

Parts of a Bill of Materials

1. Quantity tells the number of materials to be purchased.
2. Unit gives the measure of materials to be purchased.
3. Description states the detailed name of materials.
4. Unit cost gives the price of each material.
5. Amount is the cost of all materials.

Suggested Project: Bulletin Board

Quantity Unit Materials and Unit price Total

1 Piece Description
¾ Plywood P 1150.00 P 1150.00
1 Liter Stain Maple P 170.00 P 170.00
1 Kilo Finishing nail 1 1/2 P 100.00 P 100.00
1 Piece Sand Paper P 25.00 P 25.00
1 Liter QDE Boysen (Green P 1 80.00 P 1 80.00
1 Liter Thinner P 110.00 P 110.00
 CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Supply what is being defined or described. Write your answer on

your answer sheet.
._____________1. It is a thin cross laminated sheet of wood.
____________ 2. This is made of metal used for fastening.
_____________3. It is a powdered substance mixed with water.
_____________4. It is a fine, dry, gritty substance mixed with water.
_____________5. It is a sawn timber.
_____________6. It is used for measuring long distances.
_____________7. It is used for driving and pulling out nails.
_____________8 Used for vertical alignment.
_____________9. It is a tool used for cutting along the grain
____________10. It is a tool used to test the square-ness of a stock.

Directions: Fill up the table with the necessary information.

Description Tools or materials

This is made of metal used for 1
fastening.

2 Lumber
It is a tool used to test the square-ness 3
of a stock.
4 push – pull rule

It is used to drive screws. 5

References

DepEd K12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module Carpentry Exploratory Course Grade 7&8

www.dictionary.com/carpentrymaterials/lumber/nails/plywood/cement/sand/gravel

www.dictionary.com/carpentrytools/pullpushrule/clawhammer/crosscutsaw

www.dictionary.com/carpentrytools/ripsaw/hacksaw/plumbob
 LEARNING COMPETENCY:
LO1 Check condition of tools and equipment
1.1 Segregate defective tools from functional one
1.2 Label defective tool
1.3 Report the list of defective tools.
TLE_IACP7/8-MT-0c-1

WEEK 2: CHECK CONDITIONS OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

a. segregate defective tools from functional one;
b. label defective tool; and
c. report the list of defective tools.

PRETEST

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on your
answer sheet.
1. Which one would be the best way to check for defective tools from functional
one?
A. visual inspection B. check for chipped part
C. check if they are rusted D. all of these
2. Tools once inspected and found defective, which one would be best done on
them?
A. dispose B. segregate C. keep D. throw

LOOKING BACK

Directions: Identify the tool or material being described. Choose your

answer from the box.

Screwdriver hammer nails lumber cross- cut saw

____________1. Used for fastening wood of metal for driving nails.

____________2. Made of metal for driving nails.
____________3. Made to cut wood across the grin of wood.
____________4. A sawn timber commonly used in carpentry jobs.
____________5. Used to drive screws.
 BRIEF
INTRODUCTION

In this lesson, you will know what should be done on defective tools.
Inspect defective ones and segregate them from functional ones.
Defective tools can cause serious and painful injuries. If a tool is defective in
some way, DON'T USE IT.
CLASSIFICATION OF HANDTOOLS
A. MEASURING TOOLS
1. Pull-Push Rule -flexible tape that slides into a material case and it is
used to measure irregular and regular shape.
2. Ruler -12-inch or one-foot rule and it is used to take/make
simple measurements.
3. Meter Stick -used to measure a work piece.
4. Try Square -squaring, measuring and testing tool used to check
adjacent surfaces for squareness.
5. Caliper -used to transfer measurements from the rule to the
work.
B. MARKING LINING TOOLS
1. Pencil - used to layout or mark cutting lines.
2. Marking Gauge - wood or metal tool consisting of a beam, head and a
point and is used to mark a line parallel to the grain of
the wood.
3. Chalk line - used to establish a straight line on a surface.
4. Divider - tool with two metal legs used to lay-out an arc circle or
step off division on a line.
5. Compass - used to scribe arcs and circle in a metal wood.
C. TESTING TOOLS
1. Try Square - tool used in squaring, measuring and testing the
squareness of a wood.
2. Steel Square - framing square used to mark out the work for squaring
and checking of angles and is used in the construction
of roof framing and large furniture.
3. Spirit Level - tool used for testing vertical and horizontal surfaces.
4. Plumb bob - tool used to test the vertical and horizontal surfaces.
D. EDGE CUTTING TOOLS
1. Chisel - tool used to trim and shape wood.
2. Plane - used to obtain a smooth and flat surface.
3. Spoke Shave - small plane like tool from irregularly shaped objects.
4. Cabinet Scraper - rectangular piece of steel with two cutting edges used
for working flat and curved shapes.
E. TOOTH-CUTTING TOOLS
1. Cross Cut Saw - handsaw used to cut the wood across the grain.
2. Rip-Saw - handsaw used to cut the wood along the grain.
3. Back Saw - handsaw with a metal back and plywood and joinery.
 4. Compass Saw - used to cut irregular shape either in large or small
board.

5. Turning Saw - used to rip, cross and cut curves in lumber.

6. Coping Saw - u-shaped saw used for cutting irregular shape in a small
board.
7. Dovetail Saw - small back saw with a straight chisel type handle used
to cut very fine joints.
F. BORING TOOLS
1. Auger bit - tool used to make hole in woods.
2. Expansive bit - tool used to drill holes of various sizes in woods.
3. Drill bit - tool used for boring holes either in metals, woods or
plastic.
G. HOLDING TOOLS
1. C-Clamp - used for holding together pieces of lumber while
working.
2. Bench Vise - used to hold any materials or tools in place.
3. Bar Clamp - used to hold large boards or frames together while
assembling or gluing.
H. MISCELLANEOUS TOOLS
1. Oil Stone - used for sharpening edge cutting tools such as chisel.
2. Files - used to smoothen metal and wood surfaces.
3. Paint Brush - used to apply paint or varnish on wood surfaces.
4. Nail Set - used to drive the head of nails lovers than surface of
wood.
5. Saw Set - used to bend the upper half of each tooth to one side or
the other to form a set.
I. PORTABLE POWERTOOLS
1. Sander - portable power tool used for sanding furniture pieces.
2. Router - used for shaping surfaces and edges of furniture parts.
3. Jigsaw - power tool used primarily for cutting curved or irregular
shapes of wood surfaces.
4. Circular Saw - power saw used for many types of cutting, particularly
on large panel stock.
5. Electric Drill - power drill which is used to drill holes in various
materials to perform a multitude of tasks.
J. PPE (PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT)
1. Goggles - used to protect the eyes against flying debris and
harmful liquids.
2. Ear Protector - used to protect the ears against high frequency noise.
3. Face Mask - used to prevent the inhalation of sprayed paint fumes.
4. Gloves - use to protect the hands while working.
5. Apron - used to protect the worker against flying debris.
K. DRIVING TOOLS
1. Claw Hammer - used to drive and pull out nails on wooden surfaces.
2. Mallet - made out of wood or rubber used to drive other tools
like
chisel.
3. Nail Set - used in setting the head or a finishing a nail below the
surface of the wood.
 4. Screw Driver - used to drive and loose screws.

REMEMBER

Be aware of problems like:

 chisels and wedges with mushroomed heads
 split or cracked handles
 chipped or broken drill bits
 wrenches with worn out jaws
 tools which are not complete, such as files without handles
To ensure safe use of hand tools, remember:
 never use a defective tool
 double check all tools prior to use
 ensure defective tools are repaired

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: List down at least five tools available at home. Segregate

them and label them, FUNCTIONAL or DEFECTIVE. Write the tool under its
column. For defective ones, indicate the evident defect. Have your answers on a
table similar to the table below.
NO FUNCTIONAL DEFECTIVE DEFECT

EX. Hammer Broken handle

1
2
3
4
5

Directions: Explain briefly

Why is it necessary to segregate functional tools from defective ones?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
References
DepEd K12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module Carpentry Exploratory Course Grade 7&8
https://www.coursehero.com/file/p5cff68d/But-tools-that-are-no-longer-functional-may-cause-harm-A-Make-an-inventory-of/
 LEARNING COMPETENCY:
L.O. 2: Perform basic preventive maintenance.
1.1 Repair defective tools.
1.2 Conduct preventive maintenance.
TLE_IACP7/8MT-0c-2

WEEK 3: MAINTAIN TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

a. repair defective tools;
b. conduct preventive maintenance; and
c. sustain interest in repairing tools and equipment.

PRETEST

Directions: Fill in the blank to complete the sentences below. Write your
answer on a separate sheet.

1. involves adding a substance between solid surfaces that are moving

against each other in order to reduce friction and wear.
2. is to prevent equipment failure before it occurs and to reduce the risk
of accidents.
3. tools immediately and do not use it as a temporary.
4. focuses on the progress a work done in the operation are in trouble of
stopping its function.
5. thin coat of oil on the parts for a long period of time.

BRIEF
INTRODUCTION

The term “repair” and “maintenance” work mean differently. Repair usually
focuses on the progress a work done in the operation are in trouble of stopping its
function. While maintenance means a scheduled or planned visit of tools or
equipment for inspection and from there, reports and recommendations are
developed.
 Maintenance refers to care or upkeep, as of machinery or property, or to the
means of upkeep, support, or subsistence. If a tool is defective, remove it form and
tag it clearly “out of service” for repair. Replaced damaged tools immediately and
do not use it as a temporary. Preventive maintenance answers optimal working
condition and conserves the life span of the equipment. The main goal of
preventive maintenance is to prevent equipment failure before it occurs and to
reduce the risk of accidents.
Lubricating Tools and Equipment
Lubrication involves adding a substance between solid surfaces that are
moving against each other in order to reduce friction and wear. It is important to use
a good-quality grease for lubrication of the bearings.
The basic purpose of lubrication is to minimize friction and wear.
Lubrication involves adding a substance between solid surfaces that are moving
against each other in order to reduce friction and wear.
1. Read and analyze the use of preventive Maintenance Schedule form.
2. Determine the types of tools and machine needed to be lubricated.
3. Fill out a requisition slip form in releasing the lubricants needed.
4. Secure a borrower’s slip from your teacher.
5. Fill out the slip form correctly intended for the needed tools.
6. Perform the task according to the prescribed schedule and the assigned machine.
7. Perform the lubricating procedure.
8. Determine the parts of the machine needed to be lubricated.
9. Apply thin coat of oil on the parts for a long period of time.
10. Open the bearing cover and apply grease.
11. Apply grease on sealed bearing with the use of a grease gun.

Steps in Filling Out Inspection Report Form

1. Secure as inspection report form from your teacher.
2. Determine the defective instrument based on the report form.
3. Inspect the defective tools.
3. Replace inspected tool and equipment defects based on the report form.
4. Use the Repair Manual in replacing the defective parts.

REMEMBER

Repair and maintenance can be done using different observation. One of

the basic is by visual inspection where the defective and non-defective are easily
identified. Defective and non-defective tools are described by its physical
appearance such as dullness, sharpness, dismantle parts and more.

The following are the common defective tools:

1. Chisels and wedges with mushroomed head.

 2. Split or cracked handles.
3. Broken drill bits.
4. Wrenches with worn out jaws.
5. Tools which are not complete such as files without handles.

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: The sentences below are in the wrong order. Place a number
next to each of them to indicate the proper order.

Replace inspected tools and equipment defects based on the report form.
Use the repair manual in replacing the defective parts.
Secure an inspection report form from your teacher.
Determine the defective instrument based on the report form.
Inspected the defective tools.

POSTTEST

Directions: Copy the table on a separate sheet of paper then check the appropriate
box whether you performed each indicator by looking for any carpentry tool in your house.

INDICATORS YES NO
1.Utilized the preventive maintenance schedule
2. Determined the types of tools and machine needed to be lubricated.
3.Filled out the requisition slip form in releasing the lubricants needed.
4. Secured the borrower’s slip from your teacher.
5. Filled out the slip form correctly intended for the needed tools.
6. Performed the task according to the prescribed schedule and the
assigned machine.
7. Performed the lubricating procedure.
8. Determined the parts of the machine needed to be lubricated.
9. Applied the thin coat of oil on the parts that are used for long period of
time.
10. Applied the grease on sealed bearing with the use of grease gun.

References
DepEd K12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module Carpentry Exploratory Course Grade 7&8
www.dictionary.com/browse/repair
www.dictionary.com/browse/maintenance
www.dictionary.com/browse/preventive maintenance

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
LO 1. Selecting Measuring Instruments
1.1 Identify linear measuring instrument appropriate for a given task
TLE_IACP7/8MC-0d-1

WEEK 4: PERFORM MENSURATION AND CALCULATION

EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

1. identify the linear measuring instrument appropriate for a given task;
2. list the linear measurement for the faces of lumber; and
3. appreciate the importance of linear measuring instrument in obtaining
accurate measurement.

PRETEST

Directions: Identify the different measuring tools.

1. 2.

3. 4.
 5.

BRIEF
INTRODUCTION

Measurement is the numerical quantification of the attributes of an object or

event, which can be used to compare with other objects or event. Measurement is
also the action of measuring something, or some amount of stuff. So it
is important to measure certain things right, distance, time, and accuracy are all
great things to measure. By measuring these things or in other words, by taking
these measurements we can better understand the world around us.
This part of your module introduces you to different types measuring tools and
the faces of the lumber that you can use accurate measurement. Have fun and
enjoy!

TYPES OF MEASURING TOOLS

Name Picture Meaning

- A flexible
steel rule which coils into
1. Pull-push rule a case when not in use.
-Used for measuring long
pieces of stock.

- a rule composed of light

strips of wood joined by
2. Zig-zag rule rivets so as to be foldable,
all the opening and
closing parts being in
parallel planes.
- a straight strip or
cylinder of plastic, wood,
3. Ruler metal, or other rigid
material, typically marked
at regular intervals, to
draw straight lines or
measure short distances
 or pieces of stock.
- an instrument for
measuring external or
internal dimensions,
4. Caliper having two hinged legs
resembling a pair of
compasses and in-turned
or out-turned points.
- used for measuring
diameter.

-a device for testing the

squareness of carpentry
work or the like, or for
5. Try Square laying out right angles,
consisting of a pair of
straightedges fixed at
right angles to one
another.
- measuring stick
one meter long that is
6. Meter Stick marked off in centimeters
and usually millimeter.

-pair of compasses, as
used for dividing lines and
7. Divider distances.

-an instrument for drawing

circles and arcs and
8. Compass measuring distances
between points,
consisting of two arms
linked by a movable joint,
one arm ending in a point
and the other usually
carrying a pencil or pen.
-an instrument for
measuring angles, typically
9. Protractor in the form of a flat
semicircle marked with
degrees along the curved
edge.
 LINEAR MEASUREMENTS FOR THE 6 FACES OF LUMBER

Hence, the linear measurements obtained are:

1. End 1 to End 2 or AB = Length (L)

2. Edge 1 to Edge 2 or CD = Width (W)

3. Surface 1 to Surface 2 or EF = Thickness/Height (T/H)

REMEMBER
In handling of measurements/tools, the following guidelines are needed to consider:
A. DO’s
1. Wipe measuring tools/instruments before returning them to the storage room.
2. Oil the movable parts of the measuring tools such as zigzag rule, calipers,
dividers and compasses to avoid stock-up.
3. Make sure that the grits like sand do not get inside the housing or case of a
pull- push rule to avoid wearing off from the graduations.
4. Check the lock of a pull-push rule it is working.

B. DON’T’S
1. Do not wipe off edges of the steel tape of pull-push rule with bare hands to
avoid injury.
2. Do not pull the steel tape of pull-push rule too much to avoid the coil spring
from damage.
3. Do not use the caliper as tongs.
 CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Match the picture in column A with its name in Column B.

Write your answer in the answer sheet.
Column A Column B

1. A. Compass
B. Try Square
C. Protractor
2. D. Divider
E. Pull-push rule
F. Caliper
3.

4.

5.

POSTTEST
Directions: On your answer sheet, draw and label the 6 faces of a lumber.

References
DepEd K12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module Carpentry Exploratory Course Grade 7&8
www. dictionary.com/browse/zigzag rule/meterstick/divider
www.dictionary.com/browse/caliper/trysquare/compass/protractor

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
LO2: Carry out Measurement and Calculations
2.1 Measure given materials.
2.2 Calculate amount of materials for a specific task.
TLE_IACP7/8MC-0d-e2

WEEK 5: SYSTEM OF MEASURMENTS

EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

1. identify the system of measurements;
2. calculate board foot of lumber; and
3. appreciate the importance of conversion and calculations.

PRETEST

Directions: Convert the following:

A. Fraction to Decimal
1. 3/4 =
2. 5/8 =
3. 7/8 =
B. Convert the following measurements to their unit of equivalents.

4. 20 inches = cm.
5. 232.22 inches = meters

LOOKING BACK

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on
the separate answer sheet.

1. Which instrument for drawing circles and arcs and measuring distances between
points, consisting of two arms linked by a movable joint, one arm ending in a point
and the other usually carrying a pencil or pen?
A. Protractor B. Compass C. Try Square D. Ruler
2. Which pair of compasses commonly used for dividing lines and distances?
A. Ruler B. Pull-push rule C. Divider D. Meter stick
3. Which device for testing the squareness of carpentry work or the like, or for laying
out right angles, consisting of a pair of straightedges fixed at right angles to one
another?
A. Try square B. Caliper C. Zigzag rule D. Protractor
4. What measuring tools is a flexible steel rule which coils into a case when not in
use?
A. Pull-push rule B. Divider C. Ruler D. Meter stick
5. Which instrument for measuring angles, typically in the form of a flat semicircle
marked with degrees along the curved edge?
A. Protractor D. Compass C. Caliper D. Divider

BRIEF
INTRODUCTION

The two (2) systems of measurements are: English and Metric system. The
English system is originated in England and also known as U.S. customary system
of measurement while the Metric system was developed in France and also known
as S.I. (International Standard).

Activity
I. (UNIT OF MEASURES)-LINEAR MEASUREMENT
ENGLISH METRIC
Yard (yd) Meter
Foot (ft) (,,) decimeter 1/10 meter
Inch (in) (“) centimeter 1/100 meter
Millimeter 1/1000 meter
II. READING OF MEASUREMENTS
A. Reading the inch
The inch is divided into segments called graduations. Each graduation
represents a measurement in the form of a proper fraction. The inch can be
divided into 16, 8, 4 and 2 equal parts.

Note: The illustration is not the actual length of an inch.

B. Reading the centimeter and millimeter
III. CONVERTING FRACTION TO DECIMAL
In converting fractions to decimals, divide the numerator by its denominator
whether it is proper, improper or mixed fraction.
Sample Solutions:
A. Proper Fraction B. Improper Fraction C. Mixed Fraction

0.4 3.66 0.5

5 2.0 3 11.00 2 2 1.0

0 9 1.0
20 20 0
20 18
0 20
18
2
2/5 = 0.4 11/3 = 3.66 2 ½ = 2.5 (2+0.5)

IV. CONVERTING UNITS OF MEASURE

GUIDE TABLE IN UNIT CONVERSION

English to English 1 foot = 12 inches

Metric to Metric 1 meter = 10 decimeter
1 dm = 10 centimeter
English to Metric 1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 inch = 25.4 mm
1 foot = 30.48 cm
Metric to English 1 meter = 3.28 feet
1 meter = 39.37 inches

Sample Solutions in Conversion

A. Foot to inches C. Centimeter to millimeter
3 ft = __________ inches 22 cm = __________ millimeters
Solution: Multiply 3 ft by 12 inches Solution: Multiply 22 cm by 10mm
3 ft = 36 inches 22 cm = 220 mm

B. Inches to feet D. Inches to centimeter

48 inches = __________ feet 6 inches = __________ centimeter
Solution: Divided 48 inches by 12 Solution: Multiply 6 inches by 2.54 cm
48 inches = 4 feet 6 inches = 15.24 cm
CALCULATING BOARDFOOT OF LUMBER

A board foot is actually one square foot of lumber of one inch thick.
The formula used in computing board foot is:

Board foot (Bd. Ft.) = T x W x L

12
Where:
T = Thickness in inches
W = Width in inches
L = Length in feet

Note: This formula is being used for sawed wood of commercial dimension.

Example: Compute the board foot of lumber whose dimension is 2” x 4” x 12”

Step 1. Identify the given data

Given: T = 2”
W = 4”
L = 12”
Step 2. Determine what is being asked
Find the Bd. Ft. =?
Step 3. State the formula
Board foot (Bd. Ft.) = T x W x L
12
Step 4. Substitute the given data in the formula, then solve.
Solution:
Board foot (Bd. Ft.) = T x W x L
12

= 2” x 4” x 12”
12

= 96/12

= 8 Bd. Ft.

REMEMBER

Although the International System (SI) or Metric System had already

superseded the English System of measure, the board foot as a unit of measure
 for determining the volume of lumber is still being used by the furniture and
cabinet maker and construction industry. This is because lumbers are sold in
terms of board foot.

Directions: Convert the following.

A. Fraction to decimal
1. 1/4 =
2. 1/3 =
3. 2/10 =
4. 4/8 =
5. 6/8 =

B. Convert the following measurement to their unit equivalents.

1. 5 meters = cm
2. 6 meters = ft.
3. 5 feet = inches
4. 25 inches = cm
5. 472.44 inches = meters

C. Compute the number of board feet of lumber with the following

dimensions.
1. 2” x 6” x 12”
2. 3” x 4” x10”
3. 2” 2” x 16”
4. 2” x 12” x 8”
5. 4” x 4” x 18”

References
DepEd K12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module Carpentry Exploratory Course Grade 7&8
www. dictionary.com/browse/inches/meters/boardfoot/centimeters/meters
www.google.com/formula/inchestocm/boardfoot/foottoinches/inchestometers

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
L.O. 1: Analyze signs, symbols, and data
1.1 Explain the importance of signs, symbols and data in interpreting a work plan
1.2 Determine appropriate signs and symbols needed in the plan
TLE_IACP7/8ID-of-1

WEEK 6: ANALYZE SIGNS, SYMBOLS AND DATA

EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

a. analyze sign, images and information;
b. interprets technical drawing and plans; and
c. applies free and sketching.

PRETEST

Directions: Read the following questions carefully. Choose the correct

answer and write it on your answer sheet.
1. What medium line is used to show edges and contours not visible to the eye?
A. Borderline B. Visible line C. Centerline D. Dimension Line
2. Which statement is correct about the definition of centerline?
A. Medium line used to show edges and contours not visible to the eye.
B. Heavy line draws freehand for same purpose as long break.
C. Light line used as axis of symmetry. Used for center of circle and arcs.
Sometimes the symbol is shown.
D. Heavy, solid line used to frame in the drawing.
3. Which of the statements below defines Alphabet of lines?
A. Alphabet of lines is a list of line symbols used in technical drawings to
communicate specific shapes, sizes or surfaces.
B. Alphabet of lines is a set of letters or symbols in a fixed order, used to represent
the basic sound of a language.
C. Alphabet lines is an element of art defined by a point moving in space.
D. Alphabet lines is the art or technique of producing images of a surface.
4. Which is used as heavy and solid line to frame in the drawing?
A. Borderline B. Visible line C. Centerline D. Dimension Line
5. What very light line is used to “block in” an object?
A. Centerline B. Line C. Borderline D. Construction Line

BRIEF
INTRODUCTION
 The objectives of this lesson is to think about the significance of drawing (both
formal drafting and casual drawing) within the prepared technical plan.
This drawing are representations of a final plan (the conclusion item of the
plan handle) and they are expecting to document the completed plan and
communicate it to other architects and fabricating staff.

Alphabet of lines
In sketching orthographic drawing, certain conventional lines are used for a
definite purpose. These line are commonly called Alphabet of Lines.

Lines Width and Character of Lines Applications

Visible Line

Hidden Line

Section Line
5 5
Center Mark
Center Line

Dimension Line or
10
Extension Line
10

Cutting-Line or
or
Viewing Plane- Line

Long Break line

Short Break Line

Phantom Line

USES OF ALPHABET LINES

1. Construction line – Very light line used to “block in” an object. These line are
made so light that little or no erasing needed. They serve as base of darkening in the
permanent line.
2. Borderline – Heavy, solid line used to frame in the drawing.
3. Visible line – A medium line used to show edges and contours not visible to the
eye.
4. Invisible line – A medium line used to show edges and contours not visible to the
eye.
5. Center line – A light line used as axis of symmetry. Used for center of circle and
arcs. Sometimes the symbol is shown.
6. Dimension line – Light thin used to show the sizes of the object. Extension light
start about 1/16” from visible or object line. The dimension line is broken near the
center for the dimension.

REMEMBER

 A technical drawing will make your plan easy to understand.

 Technical drawing used to show different views of the design and
measurements.
 Technical drawing is a form of design communication based on line symbols
recognized and understood worldwide.

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Match the lines used in the drawing with their correct names from
the following list below and write it on your answer sheet.

 Dimension Line
 Section Line
 Visible Line
 Hidden Line
 Short Break Line

1. 2.
3.

4.

5.
POSTTEST
 Directions: Read the following questions carefully. Choose the letter of the
correct answer and write it on your answer sheet.
1. What medium line is used to show edges and contours not visible to the eye?
A. Borderline B. Visible line C. Centerline D. Dimension Line
2. Which statement is correct about the definition of centerline?
A. Medium line used to show edges and contours not visible to the eye.
B. Heavy line draws freehand for same purpose as long break.
C. Light line used as axis of symmetry. Used for center of circle and arcs.
Sometimes the symbol is shown.
D. Heavy, solid line used to frame in the drawing.
3. Which of the statements below defines Alphabet of lines?
A. Alphabet of lines is a list of line symbols used in technical drawings to
communicate specific shapes, sizes or surfaces.
B. Alphabet of lines is a set of letters or symbols in a fixed order, used to represent
the basic sound of a language.
C. Alphabet lines is an element of art defined by a point moving in space.
D. Alphabet lines is the art or technique of producing images of a surface.
4. Which is used as heavy and solid line to frame in the drawing?
A. Borderline B. Visible line C. Centerline D. Dimension Line
5. What very light line is used to “block in” an object?
A. Centerline B. Line C. Borderline D. Construction Line

References

DepEd K12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module Carpentry Exploratory Course Grade 7& 8

https://www.umasd.org/cms/lib7/PA01000379/Centricity/Domain/325/The_Alphabet_of_Lines.pdf

https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/alphabet-lines-quiz-3-instructions-match-lines-used-drawing-thoir-names-following-list-cen-q33969596

https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/blueprint/chapter/unit-7-sectional-views/

https://www.slideshare.net/jmpalero/tle-9-technical-drafting-alphabet-of-lines

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
LO 2. Interpret technical drawings and plans
2.1 Read working plan
2.2 Interpret working plan
TLE_IACP7/8ID-of-2

WEEK 7: INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS

At the end of the module, you should be able to:
  prepare necessary tools, materials and equipment needed according to
the plan;
 recognized components, assembles or object as per job requirements;
and
 identify dimension and specification according to job requirements.

PRETEST

Directions: Enumerate the different tools and materials in carpentry and

write it on your answer sheet.
1. _______________________ 4. _______________________
2. _______________________ 5. _______________________
3. _______________________

BRIEF
INTRODUCTION
Technical drawing contains the different views, size and information of the
actual output. During the process, the technical drawing also helps to remove all the
unwanted details for final product.
Box Method
Directions: Using the given dimension and specification create a simple box
out of colored paper and attach it to your answer sheet.
Materials: 1 piece of color paper any color (177.8 mm x 177.8 mm)
Scissor, Ruler and Glue
Dimensions and specification (see dimensions and specifications on the attached
working drawing) 66.04 mm

66.04 mm

3
66.04 66.04
mm mm SIDE
&
6
30.48 mm
66.04 mm TOP VIEW

66.04 mm

REMEMBER
  This paper box light on the relation of designing and
interpreting based on design protocols.
 Creating technical drawing can help you to maintain the high
level overview for materials needs.

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Answer the following questions about constructing a simple box

and write it on your answer sheet.
1. List down the different of alphabet lines found in technical drawing?
a. __________________ b. __________________ c. __________________
2. List down different specifications on the construction of the paper box.
a. __________________ b. __________________ c. __________________

POST TEST

Directions: Using the different object found inside your house choose one
as example. Get the dimension and specification of the object and create technical
drawing on your answer sheet.

References

DepEd K12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module Carpentry Exploratory Course Grade 7& 8

https://www.thesprucecrafts.com/origami-gift-box-paper-craft-2585066

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
LO 1. Identify hazards and risks
1.1 List down the different health hazards and risks found in the workplace
1.2 Discuss the effects of health hazards and occupational risks

WEEK 8: IDENTIFY HAZARDS AND RISKS

At the end of the module, you should be able to:
 identify the purpose of personal protective equipment;
 control hazard and risk; and
 maintain occupational health and safety awareness.

PRETEST

1. What is the condition where high standard of good housekeeping is maintained so

that there is no dust and rust anywhere?
A. Sort B. Systematize C. Sweep D. sanitize
2. Which is practiced when your colleagues decide with you which things to put
where taking into account the low of flow work?
A. Sort B. Systematize C. Sweep D. sanitize
3. What type of chemical are deadly, harmful and poisonous?
A. Toxic B. Juice C. Cologne D. Deodorant
4. Which shall be used when an immediate hazard exists?
A. signs, signal & barricades C. exit signs
B. danger signs D. safety instruction signs
5. Which shall be used as temporary means of warning an existing hazard such as
defected tools, equipment, etc.?
A. danger signs C. traffic signs
B. accidental prevention tags D. directional signs

LOOKING BACK

Directions: List down the three orthographic views and write it on your
answer sheet.
1. ________________ 2. ________________ 3. ________________

BRIEF
INTRODUCTION
Requirements in conducting/ identifying Hazards
 Survey the workplace to identify hazards.
 This survey must be in writing and must be available to all workers.
 Determine whether any hazards require Personal Protective Equipment.
  Pay special attention to working conditions or process that can produce
hazards.
 Reassess hazards whenever necessary when new equipment is installed to
avoid accidents.
 Any reassessment must be written and must be available to workers upon
requests.
WORKING CONDITIONS THAT CAN PRODUCE HAZARDS
1. Falling objects
2. Objects that can puncture skin
3. Objects that could roll over worker’s feet
4. Toxic chemicals
5. Heat
6. Harmful Dust
7. Radiation
Signs, Signal and Barricades
 Signs, signal barricades are important, if not critical, to the safety of the
construction workers.

Activity
Directions: Analyze the picture below. Based on the picture, identify the different
possible hazards that may occur. List down the possible hazards on your answer
sheet.

Accident Prevention Signs and Tags

1. General Signs. A symbol required shall be visible at all times when work is being
performed, and shall be removed or covered promptly when the hazard does not
exist anymore.
2. Danger Signs. Danger signs shall be used only where an immediate hazard exist.
Danger signs should be read as the predominating color for the upper panel; outline
the borders; and a white lower panel for additional sign working.
3. Caution Signs. Caution signs shall be used only to warn against or caution
against practices.
4. Exit signs. Exit signs, when required, shall be lettered in legible red letters, not
less than 6 inches high, on a white field and the principal stroke of the letters shall be
at least three-fourths in width.
5. Safety Introduction Signs. Safety introduction signs, when used, shall be with
green upper panel with white letters to convey the principal message.
6. Direction Sign. Directional sign, other than automotive traffic signs specified in the
paragraph below, shall be written be white with a black panel and white directional
symbol.
7. Traffic Signs. Construction area shall be posted with legible traffic sign at point
hazard. All traffic control signs or devices used for protection of construction workers
shall conform to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards.
8. Accidental Prevention Tags. Accident prevention tags shall be used as
temporary means of warning of an existing hazard such as defected tools,
equipment, etc.

Danger Sign Caution Sign Exit Sign Traffic Sign

Direction Sign Accidental Prevention Tags

REMEMBER

 Safety signs and symbols are important safety communicating tools,

they help to indicate various hazards that present in plant site or
workplace.
 Hazards come in many shapes, some more serious than others, and will vary
depending on the working environment.
 Hazards should be completely removed from the workplace. They are core
safety issues such as unsecured cords, worn cabling, or unguarded heights.

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

 Directions: Analyze the different accident prevention tags and sign below.
Explain their purpose and write it on your answer sheet.
1. 2. 3.

POSTTEST

Directions: On the concept Map below write the different precaution to

avoid hazard in the workplace. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

Safety

References

DepEd K12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module Carpentry Exploratory Course Grade 7& 8

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/331999803772708281/?d=t&mt=login

https://conserve.com.au/identifying-hazards-in-the-workplace-and-why-its-important/

Prepared by: RAUL B. ZABAL, Teacher II, Acacia National High School; JUVINILE G. VICEDA, Teacher I,
Acacia National High School; RAMIL T. ABINER, Teacher I, Imelda Integrated Secondary School, SDO
– Malabon City