Lecture 2
CE 6315
Faecal Sludge Management
Dr. Abdullah Al-Muyeed
Course synopsis Course Code: CE 6315
Course title: Fecal Sludge Management
Credit hour: 3.0 (One 3 hours lecture per week, for 14 weeks)
Course outline:
Global and national status of fecal sludge management (FSM); On-site
sanitation facilities – concepts and designs; Fecal sludge quantification,
characterization and treatment objectives; Collection and
transport; Treatment: treatment mechanisms, overview of treatment
technologies, settling-thickening tanks, drying beds, co-treatment in
municipal wastewater treatment plant, end use of treatment products;
Operation, maintenance and monitoring of treatment plant; Institutional
framework for FSM; Planning of integrated FSM system, sustainability of
FSM services.
Assessment Type: Mode % Weight
Final Exam: Written Exam 50%
Midterm: quiz 20%
Assignments 30%
Total 100%
Planning of FSM
Citywide Inclusive Sanitation (CWIS) approach
CWIS focuses on providing urban areas with
access to and benefits from adequate and
sustainable sanitation services, including the safe,
effective, and sustainable management of all
human waste along the whole sanitation service
chain. This guidance note is part of a series that
aims to share essential knowledge to embed
CWIS principles in planning and delivering
sanitation services
Planning of FSM
Citywide Inclusive Sanitation (CWIS) approach
EQUITY SAFETY SUSTAINABILITY
CORE CWIS
OUTCOMES
Services reflect fairness in Services safeguard customers, Services are reliably and continually
distribution and prioritization of workers and communities from delivered based on effective
service quality, prices, safety and health risks by management of human, financial and
deployment of public finance/ reaching everyone with safe natural resources
subsidies sanitation
RESOURCE PLANNING AND
RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTABILITY
MANAGEMENT
FUNCTIONS
CORE CWIS
Authority(s) execute a clear Authority’s(ies’) performance Resources–human, financial, natural,
public mandate to ensure safe, against its mandate is monitored assets–are effectively managed to
equitable and sustainable, and managed with data, support execution of mandate across
sanitation services for all transparency, and incentives time/space
Planning of FSM
Principles of CWIS
Planning of FSM
Planning approaches
Planning of FSM
Planning tools for FSM
The first step of a municipal sanitation
programme is usually a situation analysis. Few
cities know how well their sanitation services
are performing, or they usually only know the
status of treatment plants and a rough
estimation of toilet coverage. A popular tool is
the Shit-Flow Diagram (SFD, also called Excreta
Flow Diagram).
Planning of FSM
Shit Flow Diagram (SFD)
Planning of FSM: Application of SFD
Population: 277,423
• 86.1% of households have onsite sanitation
systems:
• 65.5% use septic tanks
• 16.4% single pit
• 1.2% double pits.
• About 60% of septic tanks discharge into open
drains, water bodies, or open ground,
• 5.9% are connected to soak pits.
• The depth to groundwater in the city ranges from
3-10 meters.
• Most households use tube wells with electric or
hand pumps for drinking water, and less than 5%
of sanitation facilities are located within 10 meters
of a groundwater source, posing a risk of
contamination.
• There is no faecal sludge/ wastewater treatment
plant in the municipality.
Planning of FSM: Application of SFD
Planning of FSM: Application of SFD
Planning of FSM: Application of SFD
Improvement by Treatment
Planning of FSM
Hands on Shit Flow Diagram (SFD): Next class Lecture 3
Don’t miss!
Thank you
Thank you
