Overview on Testing Standards
Voltage Testing Recommended Testing Key Suitable test
Type of test Voltage shape Requirements Comment
level Standard(s) testing value duration parameter instrument
VLF tester
Max. load Common field test
CENELEC HD 3xUo 60min 0.1Hz VLF No breakdown PHG80, Viola,
in µF
After Laying 620(S1), Frida
Test VDE0267 HD Only for cable
6 - 36kV
620 S1 (1996) 2xUo 60min 50/60Hz No breakdown mA-AC N/A factories, huge
transformers
VLF tester
Commissioning 2-2.5xUo 15-60min No breakdown Max. load
IEEE 400.2-2001 VLF PHG80, Viola,
(Acceptance according to (30min in µF
IEEE 400.2-2004 0.1Hz – 0.01Hz Frida
test) table recommended)
VLF tester
1.8-2.2xUo 15-60min
6 - 36kV
IEEE 400.2-2001 VLF Max. load PHG80, Viola,
Maintenance According to (30min No breakdown
IEEE 400.2-2004 0.1Hz – 0.01Hz in µF Frida
table recommended)
2xUo 60min
IEC 60840- Resonance
XLPE
Commissioning 2004-4 Frequency 20-
Alternative: No breakdown N/A
30 -
300Hz
150kV
1xUo 50/60Hz 60min
50/60Hz
no-load test
Shirla
Commissioning Max. mA/km Any VLF test
Cables
IEC 60229 4kV/mm,
Over-sheath 1min DC (acc. to mA/km instrument with
30 –
max. 10kV
500kV
test manufacturer) sheath test
function
220kV cable
A1.7xUo Resonance
Commissioning IEC 62067-2000 500kV cable A 60min Frequency 20- No breakdown N/A
150 –
500kV
1.1xUo 300Hz
PGK E-series As soon as the
CENELEC HD
PGK HB-series cable contains
After Laying 621, VDE0267 2.4xUpp 15-30min
DC No breakdown N/A VLF tester XLPE sections,
Test HD 621 S1 ~4xUo (3-C-8)
PHG, Viola, VLF needs to be
6 - 36kV
(1996)
Frida applied
PILC
CENELEC HD Load
Factory Test 2.5xUo 30min AC 50/60Hz No flashover N/A
632 S1(1999) µF
150kV
36kV –
Overview on Testing Standards – TN 03/2013 1/3
Voltage Testing Recommended Testing Key Suitable test
Type of test Voltage shape Requirements Comment
level Standard(s) testing value duration parameter instrument
1.63xUo
(1.15x√2xUo VLF 6.3 Test-Voltage
IEEE 433-2001 1 min No flashover
TD up to max. 0.1Hz Determination
1.63xUo
Insulation
resistance and
IEEE 43-2000 500V-10.000V
polarization
index
Acc. to DC High-
IEEE 95-2002
manufacturer Voltage test
Table 1: Power
New and aged Factor vs. loss
windings Direct relation factor
to 0.1Hz VLF e.g. For 13.8 kV
Power Factor
1.0-2.0kVrms to TD not defined. windings,
IEEE 286-2000 tip-up tests
max. 1.0xUo Comparison
50/60Hz measure power
measurement
required factor at 2.0 kV
Rotating Machines
Generators - Motors
rms and
8.0 kV rms
DC High-
Acc. to
IEEE 522-2004 voltage test for
manufacturer
turn insulation
Partial
Acc. to
IEEE 1434-2000 Discharge tests
manufacturer
mA – PGK 70/2.5HB
Acc. to
Aged windings IEEE 56-1977 AC 50/60Hz nominal PGK 110/5HB
manufacturer
current PGK 150/5HB
Paragraph 10.3.3
of C57.12.91-
IEEE Std. 2001
Factory test mA – PGK 70/2.5HB
C57.12.91-2001 < 75% of factory
1 min AC 50/60Hz No breakdown nominal PGK 110/5HB
test voltage level The dielectric test
On-site test current PGK 150/5HB
IEEE Std. 4-1995 voltages shall be
Transformers
in accordance to
IEEE Std. 4-1995
Overview on Testing Standards – TN 03/2013 2/3
Voltage Testing Recommended Testing Key Suitable test
Type of test Voltage shape Requirements Comment
level Standard(s) testing value duration parameter instrument
Standard of
Common
IEEE Std. 4-1995
High Voltage mA – PGK 70/2.5HB Requirements for
Acc. to
Test AC 50/60Hz nominal PGK 110/5HB High Voltage
C37.100.1-2007 - manufacturer
current PGK 150/5HB Power Switchgear
IEEE
Rated Above
Switchgears
1000 V
mA – PGK 70/2.5HB
Acc. to
IEEE Std. 4-1995 AC 50/60Hz No breakdown nominal PGK 110/5HB
manufacturer
current PGK 150/5HB
Busbars
Bushings
High Voltage mA – PGK 70/2.5HB
Acc. to
Test IEEE Std. 4-1995 DC / AC No breakdown nominal PGK 110/5HB
manufacturer
Surge
current PGK 150/5HB
arrestors
Overview on Testing Standards – TN 03/2013 3/3
