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IAL Biology Scientific Article Potential Questions

The document consists of three articles discussing various aspects of genetic modification, including Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT), the creation of transgenic organisms like GloFish, and the development of 'skinbow' zebrafish. Key topics include the role of specific genes, gene transfer mechanisms, and the implications of genetically modified organisms. The articles also explore methods for identifying recombinant DNA and the biological processes involved in these genetic modifications.

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58 views2 pages

IAL Biology Scientific Article Potential Questions

The document consists of three articles discussing various aspects of genetic modification, including Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT), the creation of transgenic organisms like GloFish, and the development of 'skinbow' zebrafish. Key topics include the role of specific genes, gene transfer mechanisms, and the implications of genetically modified organisms. The articles also explore methods for identifying recombinant DNA and the biological processes involved in these genetic modifications.

Uploaded by

shamsalmulla7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Article 1

1. Define Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) and explain how it occurred between the plant and the
silverleaf whitefly as described in the article (4)

2. ​Suggest how the transfer of genes from one species to another could help the species survive,
with reference to the role of the BtPMaT1 gene in both plants and whiteflies (5)

3. Describe the function of the BtPMaT1 gene in both plants and whiteflies based on the
information provided. (3)

4. Suggest how the plant toxins were produced (paragraph 3) (3)

5. Outline the process of protein synthesis (6)

6. Suggest how natural selection has led to the evolution of this species of whitefly, adapted for life
on leaf toxins (4)

7. Suggest why speciation occurred after the transfer of the BtPMaT1 gene to one group of
whiteflies and not the other (3)

8. Explain how viruses are used as vectors (paragraph 5) (3)

9. Deduce the type of virus used to transfer the BtPMaT1 from the plant to the whitefly. Justify your
answer (3)

10. Outline the mechanism of gene transfer (5)

11. Explain why the whitefly’s immune system did not detect foreign material (2)

12. Outline the role of reverse transcriptase in gene transfer (2)

13. Outline the role of the small RNA molecules in the control of gene expression (2)

14. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of producing genetically modified crops (6)
Article 2
1. Define transgenic organisms and explain how GloFish are created. (4)

2. Describe a method to used to identify recombinant DNA (4)

3. Describe two risks associated with the use of genetically modified organisms (2)

4. Explain what is meant by the phrase ‘several versions’ of the dsRed gene (paragraph 9) (2)

5. Describe the role of the dsRed gene in GloFish and how it affects their phenotype (4)

6. Outline the stages of PCR (5)

7. Define primers (1)

8. Compare and contrast the use of genomic zebrafish DNA and plasmid dsRed2-N1 in the PCR
systems as control templates. (4)

9. Describe the structure of a water-soluble protein (paragraph 13) (3)

10. Evaluate the effectiveness of the fluorescence-based method for rapidly screening zebrafish
suspected to be genetically modified. Discuss its advantages and limitations compared to
PCR-based methods. (5)

Article 3
1. Describe the process by which the "skinbow" zebrafish was created. (3)

2. Explain why totipotent fish embryos were used for this gene transfer (2)

3. Suggest and justify two potential vectors that were used to transfer the recombinant DNA (4)

4. Discuss the role of continuous variation in creating an array of colour variations from red, blue,
and green fluorescent proteins (3)

5. Deduce the type of microscope used to identify the colours in fish skin cells. Discuss its
advantages and disadvantages (paragraph 17) (4)

6. Discuss the use of bioinformatics to identify skin cells based on their colours (3)

7. Outline the blood clotting process (4)

8. Describe the role of inflammation in response to an injury (3)

9. Outline the process of the nonspecific immune response (4)

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