UNIT 5: TECHNOLOGY

EXERCISES
Exercise on word formation: Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in
parentheses.
1. When I was young, I always dreamed of becoming a famous ______________ . (SCIENCE)
2. When I was at school I decided to study ______________. (ENGINEER)
3. I wanted to become a millionaire by inventing a wonderful new ______________ which
would make the world a better place. (PRODUCE)
4. Any time I operate any kind of ______________, something terrible happens. (EQUIP)
5. Machines which use ______________ such as computers or televisions, always seem to give
me a ______________ shock. (ELECTRIC - POWER)
6. The instruction booklets are always ______________. They never help me at all. (USE)
7. Nowadays you need to have ______________ knowledge just to make your new mobile
phone work. (SPECIAL)
8. To my great ______________ it is always a child of six who helps me out of my
______________. (EMBARRASS - DIFFICULT)
9. She was sued for ______________ a celebrity on Facebook. (PERSON)
10. Improved safety measures in cars can be ______________ as they encourage people to drive
faster. (PRODUCT)
11. Ellen's ______________ with pop music is astonishing. She can name any pop songs or
artists that are immensely popular. (FAMILIAR)
12. The collapse of the bank is an ominous reminder of the ______________ of the world's
banking system. (FRAGILE)
13. She ______________ her audience with her vivid stories. (ELECTRIC)
14. Persuaded of his ______________, she allowed him to go with her. (HARM)
15. Their working system is based on the belief that people work more ______________ in a
team. (PRODUCT)
16. Any alcoholic beverage consumed ______________ can lead to problems.
(RESPONSIBLE)
17. Don's father wrinkled his brow in ______________ when he heard that Don had failed the
examination. (PLEASE)
18. Her hair feels soft, glossy, and is ______________ fragrant. (PLEASE)
19. The lawyer said that he was unable to help us because our case fell outside his
______________. (SPECIAL)
20. The ______________ absorb light and use the energy to split the water into its basic
components, oxygen and hydrogen. (ELECTRIC)

GRAMMAR

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 QUANTIFIERS
MUST / HAVE TO / MODALS IN THE PAST
VI. Choose A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. The farmers were aware ______ the impact of weeds on their crops.
A. with B. on C. about D. of
2. As an adult, I am independent ________ my parents financially.
A. of B. with C. out D. on
3. This organization is quick ________ sending relief goods to the flooded areas.
A. with B. at C. for D. about
4. Educated women are becoming less dependent ______their husbands’ decisions.
A. about B. of C. on D. for
5. He is very worried ________ his new job because he is not quite prepared ________ working.
A. on / over B. to / off C. about / for D. in / at
6. Today, women are increasingly involved ________ the politics.
A. of B. in C. with D. from
7. The exhibition is free for all students. We___________ pay any fee.
A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. may not D. don't have to
8. They are doing very hard on their project. It ________be very important to them.
A. should B. could C. must D. would
9. Hoa ____ feed the cats because her mother has done it already.
A. has to B. doesn’t have to C. must D. have to
10. I will lend you some money, but you ____ pay it back to me next week.
A. should B. have to C. must D. mustn’t
11. This drink isn’t beneficial for health. You ____ drink it too much.
A. should B. ought to not C. ought not to D. mustn’t
12. Tom painted his room black. It looks dark and dreary. He ____ another colour.
A. must choose B. should choose C. should have chosen D. must have
13. I know you didn't see me yesterday because I was in France. You______ me.
A. may not have seen B. mustn't have seen C. shouldn't have seenD. can't have seen
14. The phone rang but I didn't hear it. I _______asleep.
A. must be B. had to be C. ought to be D. must have been
15. We didn't go out last night. We ________to the movies, but we decided to stay at home.
A. could go B. can go C. could be going D. could have gone
16. There's somebody behind us. I think we are ________.
A. follow B. being followed C. following D. being following
17. His neighbours sometimes wondered________ he did for a living.
A. why B. when C. where D. what
18. Jeff wanted to know _________________________.

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A. that why were his friends laughing B. why were his friends laughing
C. why his friends were laughing D. the reason why his friends laughing
19. Neither the students nor their lecturer _________ English in the classroom.
A. have used B. use C. are using D. uses
20. My sister won't go to the party tonight and _________.
A. so will I B. I will too C. neither will I D. I will neither
21. There are____ that not only governments but also individuals should join hand to tackle.
A. too numerous environmental problems B. so fewer environment problems
C. such a lot of environmental problems D. such many environmental problem
22. _________ irritating they are, you shouldn't lose temper with small children.
A. No matter how much B. As much as C. However D. Although
23. Don't be late for the interview, _________ people will think you are a disorganized
person
A. Unless B. lest C. so D. otherwise
24. ______ ten minutes earlier, you would have got a better seat.
A. Had you arrived B. If you arrived C. Were you arrived D. If you hadn't
25. ______a big fine for speeding, the driver felt very sorry thinking if only he had followed
the traffic rules.
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given
26. Although I have _______my cousin, I felt_________ .
A. fewer money - happier B. more money - more happy
C. much money than - less happy D. less money than – happier
27. Not until 1856 ________ across the Mississippi River.
A. the first bridge was built B. was the first bridge built
C. the first bridge built D. did the first bridge build
28. Mr. Jones, ____I was working, was generous about overtime payments.
A. when B. for whom C. why D. whom
29. She couldn't help ________ at his jokes.
A. laugh B. laughing C. to laugh D. laughed
30. Unless you ________ well-trained, you ________ to the company.
A. aren't/ will never be admitted B. aren't/ will never admit
C. are/will never be admitted D. are/will never admit
VII. Choose A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines the two sentences
given.
31. The director guided us through the museum. He gave us a specific explanation.
A. While the director was guiding us through the museum, he gave us a specific explanation.
B. The director guided us through the museum and was giving us a specific explanation.
C. Guiding us through the museum, a specific explanation was given to us by the director.

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D. The director guided us through the museum while a specific explanation was given to us.
32. The book is popular worldwide. Its humanitarian value brings about this.
A. Unless the book had a humanitarian value, it would be popular worldwide.
B. The novel would have a humanitarian value if it were popular worldwide.
C. But for its humanitarian value, the book wouldn’t be popular worldwide.
D. Because the book is popular worldwide, it has a humanitarian value.
33. He had done a lot of research. He soon wrote the book.
A. Only after had he done a lot of research he wrote the book.
B. Not until he had conducted a lot of research did he write the book.
C. Only when he had done a lot of research he wrote the book.
D. It was not until he conducted a lot of research did he write the book.
34. The Vietnamese female athlete had just finished the race. All the spectators at the
stadium gave her a big round of applause.
A. No matter when the Vietnamese female athlete finished the race did all the spectators at the
stadium give her a big round of applause.
B. Not until all the spectators at the stadium gave her a big round of applause did the Vietnamese
female athlete finish the race.
C. Had it not been for the big round of applause all the spectators at the stadium gave her, the
Vietnamese female athlete couldn't have finished the race.
D. Barely had the Vietnamese female athlete finished the race when all the spectators at the
stadium gave her a big round of applause.
VIII. Choose A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that has the same meaning as the given
one.
35. When did you buy this villa?
A. How long have you bought this villa? B. How long had you bought this villa?
C. How long did you bought this villa? D. How long has you bought this villa?
36. Persistence and patience are necessary for success.
A. We have to be persistent and patient to be successful
B. Successful people will be patient and persistent.
C. Success is persistence and patience.
D. Successful people can be patient and persistent.
37. Miss White said to him, “Why are you so late? Did your car have a flat fire?”
A. Miss White told him why was he so late and did your car have a flat fire
B. Miss White asked him why was he so late and did your car have a flat fire.
C. Miss White asked him why was he so late and if your car have a flat fire.
D. Miss White asked him why he was so late and whether his car had a flat fire.
38. Students are not allowed to communicate either by look or by voice in the exam room.
A. Students needn't communicate either by look or by voice in the exam room.

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B. Students won't communicate either by look or by voice in the exam room.
C. Students wouldn't communicate either by look or by voice in the exam room.
D. Students mustn't communicate either by look or by voice in the exam room.
IX. Choose A, B, C, or D to indicate the part of the sentence that needs correcting.
39. In my family, there are several rules that we all may follow.
A. in B. are C. several D. may
40. Some people think children didn’t have to interrupt their parents or older people.
A. Some B. didn’t have to C. their D. older
41. I think parents mustn’t limit their children’s screen time to protect their eyesight.
A. mustn’t B. their C. time D. eyesight
42. There is too many traffic on the street at rush hours.
A. is B. many C. on D. rush
43. She had so many luggage that there was not enough room in the car for it.
A. so many B. was C. enough room D. it
44. The Earth is the only planet with a large number of oxygen in its atmosphere.
A. The B. number C. oxygen D. its
45. Your friends will have to repeat the course owing to their a few progress.
A. have to B. the C. owning to D. a few
46. Our children were very excited on going back to school after studying online for
nearly 9 months.
A. were B. on C. studying D. nearly
47. Nam was stuck in traffic yesterday morning, so he was absent at the meeting.
A. stuck B. in C. so D. at
48. Nowadays consumers are enthusiastic for the so-called environmentally-friendly
products.
A. Nowadays B. are C. for D. environmentally-friendly
49. I can’t stand to live with a person who is always making noise!
A. to live B. a C. is D. making
50. Susan didn’t come to the party with her boyfriend last night in spite of bad weather.
A. come to B. with C. her D. in spite of
51. There were too many books on the shelves that I didn’t know which one to choose.
A. were B. too C. on D. to choose
52. My close friend is rich, handsome and many people like him.
A. close B. rich C. handsome D. many people like him
53. It is many years for Mount Vesuvius last erupted.
A. is B. years C. for D. last
54. Nature's reserves are protected areas of land where rare animals and plants are kept safe.
A. Nature's reserves B. protected C. where D. safe

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X. Sentence transformation.
(Note: Use the correct form of the modal verbs in brackets in some sentences).
Question 1: You are required to ask your parents for permission before going out. (must)
→ You ________________________________________________________________________
Question 2: You are not allowed to colour your hair. (must not)
→You _________________________________________________________________________
Question 3: It is not necessary for children to go to kindergarten. (not have to)
→ Children ____________________________________________________________________
Question 4: It is a good idea for parents to try to understand their teenage children. (should)
→ Parents ______________________________________________________________________
Question 5: Women were responsible for all household chores in the past. (had to)
→ Women _____________________________________________________________________
Question 6: It is not a good idea for you to study at night. (should not)
→ You ________________________________________________________________________
Question 7: You are not allowed to stay overnight at your friend’s house. (must not)
→ You ________________________________________________________________________
Question 8: He is required to look after his younger brother when his parents are still at work. (has to)
→ He _________________________________________________________________________
Question 9: It is important that parents be good role models for their children. (must)
→ Parents ______________________________________________________________________
Question 10: It is advisable for parents and children to spend time together. (should)
→ Parents and children ___________________________________________________________
Question 11: Parents are not allowed to leave their young children alone at home. (must not)
→ Parents ______________________________________________________________________
Question 12: In many Asian cultures, it is the responsibility of firstborn children to look after
their aging parents. (have to)
→ In many Asian cultures, firstborn children __________________________________________
Question 13: It is not a good idea for women to leave their jobs after getting married. (should
not)
→ Women _____________________________________________________________________
Question 14: It is important for all family members to follow the family house rules. (must)
→ All family members ___________________________________________________________
Question 15: People are not allowed to post rude comments on the website. (must not)
→ People ______________________________________________________________________
Question 16: We didn’t like the bad weather. (FED)
→ We were ____________________________________________________________________
Question 17: Karen isn’t similar to her mother. (AFTER)
→ Karen _______________________________________________________________________

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Question 18: Do all your teachers have professional teaching qualifications?
→ Would you mind telling me _____________________________________________________
Question 19: Because of test anxiety, some students suffer from stress and fail to do well in their
exams.
→ Because _____________________________________________________________________
Question 20: Although the police are using new methods to control crime in the city, crime
figures are still high.
→ Despite _____________________________________________________________________
NOTES:
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TEST 5
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs
from that of the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. programme B. knowledge C. technology D. document
2. A. specific B. receptive C. special D. decent
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the
other three in the position of stress in each of the following questions.
3. A. profile B. network C. gadget D. account
4. A. information B. destination C. photography D. understanding
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the following questions.
5. Oh no! There is something wrong with the computer now. You _____ on the link to a fake website.
A. mustn’t click B. shouldn’t click
C. mustn’t have clicked D. shouldn’t have clicked
6. Susan _____ you a message, but I’m not sure.
A. would have sent B. might have sent C. must sent D. could send
7. Sam can go out with his family this weekend because he’s got _____ homework.
A. a little B. little C. some D. none
8. At the end of each day, Christ spends a little time _____ all the data he has received.
A. analyse B. to analyse
C. analysing D. having analysed
9. The first mobile phone _____ by batteries that weighed nearly a kilo.
A. powered B. was powerful
C. was powered D. was powering

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Read the following advertisement/school announcement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your
answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 10 to
15.
TECHNO WORLD EXPO
Experience the future today!
Visit Techno World Expo and discover (10) _______ technology. From virtual reality to artificial
intelligence, we have it all. Our expert speakers (11) _______ the latest trends and innovations.
Don't miss the chance to connect with industry leaders and network with like-minded individuals.
Join us and be part of the (12) ______revolution.

10. A. cutting-edge B. slow-moving C. bullet-proof D. big-blue

11. A. will be shared B. will share C. can have shared D. could share
12. A. technology B. technical C. technocratic D. technological
“Nurturing Young Scientists”
We (13) _______ the best science education in the city. Our experienced teachers inspire students
(14) _______ the wonders of science through hands-on experiments and engaging lessons. We offer
a variety of programs, (15) _______ robotics to biology. Our state-of-the-art facilities enable
students to conduct their research projects. We believe that science is the key to unlocking the
future, and we are committed to empowering young minds to reach their full potential.

13. A. provide B. are providing C. are provided D. provided

14. A. explore B. to explore C. exploring D. explored
15. A. arranging by B. ranging by C. ranging from D. arranging from
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct arrangement of the
sentences to make a meaningful paragraph/ letter in each of the following questions.
16. a. We eagerly anticipate your participation in this extraordinary event.
Sincerely,
b. Dear Mr. Johnson,
c. This premier gathering brings together renowned neuroscientists, researchers, and industry
leaders to explore groundbreaking advancements in brain research and their implications for
human health and technology.
d. Your exceptional contributions to the field of Alzheimer's Disease make you an invaluable
asset to our conference.
e. We cordially invite you to attend the International Frontiers in Neuroscience Conference to
be held on October 15-17, 2024 at the Marriott Marquis, San Francisco.
f. We would be honored if you would join us as a speaker to share your insights and engage
in stimulating discussions.
A. e-f-a-c-d-b B. e-f-d-b-a-c C. b-e-c-d-f-a D. e-b-f-d-a-c
17. a. Children all over the world have learned how Benjamin Franklin risked his life while
carrying out an experiment during a storm.
b. But a new study of Franklin’s experiment suggests that he actually invented the whole
story.
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 c. He flew a kite directly under a storm cloud to prove that lightning was a kind of electricity.
d. It is said that one of the most famous experiments in scientific history was conducted by
Benjamin Franklin.
e. Franklin’s success made him famous throughout the world.
A. a-e-c-d-b B. d-a-c-e-b C. a-e-d-b-c D. d-c-e-b-a
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits
each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 23.
Dr. Minh Nguyen has always been fascinated by the natural world and has recently won
many prizes in Physics for her groundbreaking research on quantum computing. Ever since she
was a child, she spent countless hours observing the stars and conducting experiments in her
backyard. She never told her supportive parents, (18) _________, that she dreamed of becoming
a scientist. They encouraged her curiosity and provided her with the resources to pursue her
passion. After (19) _______, she enrolled in a top-tier university to study physics. Despite facing
challenges as a woman in a male-dominated field, she excelled in her studies and earned a
scholarship to pursue a PhD. During her doctoral research, she made a significant breakthrough
that laid the foundation for her future work. After having completed her PhD, she (20)_______at
a renowned laboratory. She faced numerous setbacks and failures along the way, (21)_______.
Finally, her groundbreaking research on quantum computing led to the development of a
revolutionary new technology with the potential (22)_______various industries. Dr. Nguyen's
parents were incredibly proud of her achievements and have always been her biggest supporters.
Her work has earned her international recognition, and she is often invited to speak at
conferences and universities around the world. (23)_______. She is passionate about inspiring
the next generation of scientists and believes that with hard work and dedication, anything is
possible.
18.A. who are both engineers B. whose both are engineers
C. who both engineers are D. who are engineers both
19. A. graduating university B. she graduated
C. having graduated D. she has graduated
20. A. secured a position as a research scientist
B. secured a research scientist in a position
C. secured a research scientist as her position
D. secured a position as her research scientist
21. A. as her determination and perseverance kept her going
B. but her determination and perseverance kept her going
C. although her determination and perseverance kept her going
D. if her determination and perseverance kept her going
22. A. in transforming B. transforming C. transformed D. to transform
23. A. The more she works hard, the more success she achieves.
B. The harder she works, the more success she achieves.
C. The more hard she works, the more success she achieves.
D. Harder she works, more success she achieves.
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 24 to 28.
Recently launched AI (24)_____ like ChatGPT have captured the public's imagination. They
offer (25)_____ users the chance to interact with what is known as "generative AI", (26)_____
can summarise information from multiple sources within seconds, debug computer code and
write presentations.
Their rollout has sparked renewed debate (27)_____ the role of AI in society, by offering a
tangible illustration of the potential risks and rewards of the new technology. Calls for the
dramatic rise in emerging AI to be better regulated have been coming thick and (28)_____, from
both politicians and tech leaders.
24. A. machines B. tool C. gadget D. products
25. A. ordinary B. usual C. common D. popular
26. A. that B. this C. which D. it
27. A. of B. in C. over D. with
28. A. fast B. thin C. heavy D. fat
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions from 29 to 33.
Technology plays a key role in improving Vietnamese business productivity as well as the
national socio-economic development. Ministry of science and technology have started a number
of programmes to aid businesses in key sectors including agriculture, healthcare, industrial
production and telecommunications in adopting modern technology and developing artificial
intelligence (AI).
The COVID-19 pandemic, which triggered severe social and economic disruption in 2021,
has forced domestic businesses to double their digitalisation efforts and to utilise advanced
technology to adapt to the new normal and extended periods of lockdown and mobility
restrictions.
2021 saw the rapid development of the country's digital infrastructure and applications as a
response to social distancing requirements.
Vietnam ranked 44/132 in the Global Innovation Index in 2021 with more than 18,500
scientific and technological discoveries, a 2.5 percent increase compared to the previous year.
Vietnam has set a target to speed up the development of science and technology for the 2021-30
period with the establishment of modern research and development centres in both public and
private sectors as a core mission objective.
29. According to the passage, technology plays a key role in _____.
A. setting up domestic firms
B. productivity incentive payment
C. developing the country during the COVID-19 pandemic
D. improvements in business productivity and the country’s socio-economic progress
30. The word “triggered” in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.
A. launched B. activated C. caused D. suffered
31. During the COVID-19 pandemic, domestic firms made more efforts to _____.
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 A. double productivity B. use digital technologies to change their business
C. develop AI D. lift mobility restrictions
32. The word “ranked” in the passage is closest in meaning to_____.
A. classified B. was placed C. was counted D. sorted
33. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To provide facts about technological development in Vietnam
B. To report Vietnam’s socio-economic development
C. To persuade readers to believe in AI and advanced technology
D. To describe the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions from 34 to 40.
Contact lenses are being used to replace conventional glasses because sometimes glasses are
inconvenient. For instance, in sports, instead of using obnoxious sports goggles, many athletes
wear contact lenses for safety reasons. People can also use contact lenses if they want to change
the color of their eyes. You can wear contact lenses, for example, to have red eyes with a
vampire costume.
It is believed that Leonardo da Vinci first thought of the idea of wearing contact lenses for
better vision in the 1500s. He made sketches but there is no evidence that his design was ever
realized. Throughout the 1800s many scientists played with the idea of contact lenses but no one
perfected the use of them. The first models couldn’t be worn for long periods of time because of
their discomfort. As they were inflexible and did not let oxygen get to the eyes, in some cases
they caused more problems than they fixed. The earlier versions were also very fragile and
expensive, which made them not usable for many people.
It wasn't until the late 1900s that contact lenses started to be effective and affordable enough
for everyone to use. They became more and more popular as people became aware that there was
an alternative to wearing glasses. Nowadays, more advanced contact lenses have been
developed. They can not only fix poor vision but also improve good vision. Although contact
lenses have become very popular over the last few decades, laser technology now allows people
to improve their eyesight through a relatively quick, inexpensive, and painless procedure. This
technology may soon phase out contact lenses.
34. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To give a brief history of contact lenses
B. To report facts about contact lenses
C. To explain why contact lenses improve people's vision
D. To persuade readers to wear contact lenses for better looks
35. Why does the author mention “athletes” in the passage?
A. To explain that in some sports athletes are not allowed to wear glasses
B. To prove that athletes are conscious of their health
C. To illustrate the development of today's contact lenses
D. To give an example of the usefulness of contact lenses
36. According to the text, contact lenses couldn’t be worn for long periods of time _____.
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 A. because of their high cost B. because they were easily broken
C. because they were stuffed D. because they were uncomfortable
37. The word “they” underlined in paragraph 2 refers to _____.
A. the eyes B. the scientists C. the sketches D. the first models
38. Contact lenses became affordable and effective _____.
A. In the 1500s B. Throughout the 1800s
C. In the late 1900s D. Over the last few decades
39. The word “alternative” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. option B. upgrade C. solution D. purchase
40. According to the text, laser technology _____.
A. will soon improve the quality of contact lenses
B. may soon make people stop using contact lenses
C. may soon become as popular as contact lenses
D. will be affordable for everyone

PRACTICE TEST 5
Choose A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three
in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. photographs
2. A. snacks B. follows C. titles D. writers
3. A. parked B. watched C. endangered D. stopped
4. A. studied B. raised C. played D. worked
Choose A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of
primary stress in each of the following questions.
5. A. addicted B. dedicated C. curriculum D. attach
6. A. almanac B. access C. ambassador D. brainchild
7. A. politician B. persistence C. philosopher D. experiment
8. A. jewellery B. profile C. schedule D. impaired
Choose A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
9. I’ve just received an email from Peter. Let me _____ it to you.
A. forward B. download C. use D. install
10. If you like this video, please _____ to our channel for more travelling blogs.
A. update B. subscribe C. upload D. print
11. Linda will _____ these photos on Facebook as soon as she finishes editing them.
A. update B. subscribe C. search D. upload
12. You need to _____ down to the bottom of the page to see the hotline number.
A. scroll B. comment C. forward D. set up
13. It is advisable not to _____ on any suspicious link.
A. print B. install C. click D. print
14. Only authorized personnel have _____ to the computer system.
A. access B. upload C. download D. update
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 15. The company can easily _____ to changing demand.
A. set up B. scroll C. write D. adapt
16. I'll _____ any mail to your new address. The company provides cheap Internet access.
A. write B. send C. shop D. play
17. They will _____ a heating and lighting system in our house.
A. install B. shop C. programme D. subscribe
18. You need to _____ to your home page.
A. print B. forward C. log on D. search
19. A spokesman declined to _____ until the evidence could be studied further.
A. forward B. set up C. update D. comment
20. My kids are _____ to video games.
A. dedicated B. impaired C. addicted D. curious
21. The times of sunset and sunrise can be proved by reference to a(n) _____.
A. tech-savvy B. sensitive C. almanac D. similar
22. When you write a personal _____, you should start each paragraph with a short
sentence introducing the topic.
A. profile B. icon C. document D. information
23. Click on the printer _____ with the mouse.
A. information B. software C. hardware D. icon
24. A _____ is a small computer that is easy to carry, with a large touch screen and
usually without a physical keyboard.
A. tablet B. blog C. website D. sensor
25. Books for children have to be _____ exciting.
A. visualize B. vision C. visual D. visually
26. Grandma is very _____ and does all her own cooking and shopping.
A. dependent B. independent C. depend D.
independence
27. His _____ was finally rewarded when the insurance company agreed to pay for the
damage.
A. persist B. persistent C. persistently D. persistence
28. Call this number if any unforeseen _____ should arise.
A. emerge B. emergent C. emergency D. emergence
29. I walked up and down _____, wating for the news.
A. distractedly B. distracted C. distraction D. distract
30. Their main business is the _____ of farm buildings into family homes.
A. convert B. conversion C. converter D. convertible
31. You can’t be dependent _____ your parents all your life.
A. with B. on C. from D. of
32. He flew _____ a fury when I refused.
A. on B. to C. at D. into
33. Shoppers complained _____ the lack of toilet facilities.
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 A. to B. for C. about D. by
34. Bank statements help you keep track _____ where your money is going.
A. for B. up C. with D. of
35. When you've finished using internet banking, sign _____ and close your browser.
A. in B. out C. on D. up
36. The printer will begin to work as soon as you plug it _____.
A. off B. on C. up D. in
37. A: “I think we should stop using the car all the time.” – B: “_____”
A. You should walk. B. I don’t think that’s a very good
idea.
C. My legs hurt. D. I’m fine. Thanks.
Choose A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
38. Before the tractor was invented, working animals such as horses and oxen were
essential in farming.
A. available B. disposable C. important D. unusual
39. It’s often very difficult to change people’s attitudes.
A. interests B. appearances
C. positions of the body D. opinions
40. You can always count on Michael in a crisis.
A. reply B. deny C. trust D. account
41. People are now raising money for flood victims.
A. sending B. collecting C. paying D. making
Choose A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
42. Since this business is not making any money, the director is indifferent to it.
A. apathetic about B. ignorant of
C. helpful to D. concerned about
43. She looks very familiar to me. I’m quite definite I’ve seen her before.
A. fortunate B. doubtful C. certain D. relieved
44. I didn’t ignore her intentionally. I just didn’t recognize her.
A. accidentally B. occasionally C. deliberately D. convinced
45. She was not fired. She left the company voluntarily.
A. willingly B. hesitantly
C. eagerly D. enthusiastically

UNIT 6: HIGH-FLYERS
GRAMMAR
CLEFT SENTENCES
GERUNDS, PERFECT GERUNDS AND PERFECT PARTICIPLES

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I. Cleft Sentences:
Exercise 1. Write the following sentences after the model, paying attention to the subject of
the sentence.
Example: The man gave her the book.
 It was the man who gave her the book
1. Ms. Dung teaches English at my school.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. My mother bought me a present on my birthday.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Huong and Sandra sang together at the party.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Nam’s father got angry with him.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. The boys played football all day long.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
6. His presence at the meeting frightened the children.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
7. The girl received a letter from her friend yesterday.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 2. Write the following sentences after the model, paying attention to the object of the
verb.
Example: The boy hit the dog in the garden.
− It was the dog that the boy hit in the garden.
1. He gave his colleague the whole confidential document.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. I met Laura at the party.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. She sent her friend an e-mail.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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 4. The man is learning English.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. The woman gave him the book.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
6. She sent her friend the postcard.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
7. The little boy greeted his grandfather in a strange language.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3. Write the following sentences after the model, paying attention to the adverbial
modifier of the sentence.
Example: She bought him a present at the shop.
− It was at the shop that she bought him a present.
1. My father bought a new bike last week.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. I was born in this town.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. You can kill computer viruses by using Bkav’s software.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
4. My father repaired the bicycle for my sister.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5. She bought him a present at the shop.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
6. She made some cakes for tea.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
7. The meeting started at 8.00 a.m.
→ It ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
III. Choose A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

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1. ______________ only three hours, I can hardly focus on my work.
A. Having slept B. Was slept C. Slept D. To sleep
2. _____________from so much trouble in the life makes her more and more mature than
before.
A. Suffering B. Was suffered C. Has suffered D. Suffered
3. _____________this movie last week, I still wanted to see it again.
A. Had seen B. Was seen C. Seeing D. Having seen
4. Mary is the cleverest person in the classroom. She is always the first person __________ the
question.
A. to answer B. answering C. has answered D. answered
5. Her boss caught him _____________privately in the working time, so he was fired.
A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. was speaking
6. Dan appears _______________some weight. Has he been ill?
A. having lost B. having been lost C. to have lost D. to have been lost
7. Are you sure you told me? I don’t recall _____________about it.
A. having told B. having been told C. to have told D. to have been told
8. ______________ I bought the golden fish.
A. It was from this shop that B. I was from this shop where
C. It was this shop which D. It was this shop that
9. It was Tom _______ to help us.
A. comes B. that comes C. to come D. who came
10. ____________ the police had rescued from the fire
A. The baby B. The baby that
C. It is the baby whom D. It was the baby whom
11. _______________ my parents gave me the fish tank.
A. It was on my birthday when B. It was my birthday on that
C. It was my birthday that D. It was on my birthday that
12. ____________ on the phone.
A. It is his mother whom is B. It was his mother whom is
C. It was his mother who is D. It is his mother who is
13. It is Mr. Hung ___________ English at my school
A. who taught B. who teaches C. that teaches D. B& C are correct
14. It was my dog __________ neighbors very scared.
A. that made B. who made C. which makes D. that making
15. It was me ______________ a lot of toys by my father.
A. that gave B. that was given C. that were given D. who giving
16. It was ___________ my father bought a new car.
A. that last Sunday B. last Sunday that C. last Sunday which D. last Sunday when
17. It was that singer ________ was given a lot of flowers.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose

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 18. He is very handsome, ________ ?
A. is he B. are they C. isn’t he D. aren’t they
19. This house is going ________ by my mother
A. sold B. to be sold C. to sold D. to sell
20. The concert was performed by ________ .
A. an exciting new band French B. a new French exciting band
C. a French exciting new band D. an exciting new French band
21. People should stop smoking ________ it is extremely detrimental to health.
A. although B. despite C. because D. because of
22. You shouldn’t lose heart; success often comes to those who are not _______ by failures.
A. put off B. turn on C. switched of D. left out
23. She will take management training course ________ .
A. right after the epidemic has been controlled B. as soon as the epidemic was controlled
C. when the epidemic had been controlled D. until the epidemic will be controlled
24. If it hadn't been for the storm, the farmers _________ a great harvest last year.
A. would have B. would have had C. had had D. should have
25. It would be nice to work with _________ people who accept new ideas.
A. pig-headed B. open-minded C. strong-willed D. single-handed
26. When my boyfriend found a fly in his drink, he started to create a scene. Oh, honey, please
don't make a ______ with it.
A. fuss B. mess C. play D. scene
27. There is no use persuading her to join us because her parents_______ her to return home
after the last game _________ over.
A. had told/was B. have told/is C. told/had been D. tell/has
been
28. Those in ____ of banning laptops in classrooms like to demonstrate how handwritten notes
lead to better learning compared to notes taken on a computer.
A. search B. need C. view D. favor
29. Don't_______ when he is telling the story.
A. stop off B. stop in C. break into D. break in
30. Tom burnt his hand when he_______ dinner.
A. has cooked B. were cooking C. cooked D. was
cooking
IV. Choose A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines the two sentences
given.
31. David loves Hannah. That’s why he bought tickets for her live show last week.
A. David loves Hannah so much that he bought tickets for her live show last week.
B. Although David loves Hannah, he bought tickets for her live show last week.
C. David loves Hannah too much to buy tickets for her live show last week.
D. Much as David loves Hannah, he bought tickets for her live show last week.

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 32. The company director decided to raise the workers' wages. He did not want them to leave.
A. The company director decided to raise the workers' wages, so they did not leave.
B. The company director decided to raise the workers' wages though he wanted them to
leave.
C. The workers did not want to leave since the company director decided to raise their
wages.
D. Not wanting the workers to leave, the company director decided to raise their wages.
33. Online contribution of pirated publications is illegal. Many Internet users still commit the
offence.
A. Such is the offence of many Internet users that online distribution of pirated publications is
illegal.
B. As long as many Internet users commit the offence, online distribution of pirated
publications is illegal.
C. Were online distribution of pirated publications illegal, many Internet users wouldn’t
commit the offence.
D. Illegal though online distribution of pirated publications is, many Internet users still
commit the offence.
34. He lacked commitment to the job. He wasn’t considered for promotion.
A. But for his lack of commitment to the job, he would have been considered for promotion.
B. Suppose that he lacked commitment to the job, he wouldn’t be considered for promotion.
C. If it had not been for his lack of commitment to the job, he would be considered for
promotion.
D. Without his commitment to the job, he would be considered for promotion.
35. You may change your mind about the trip. In that case, you should get in touch with me as
soon as possible.
A. Having changed your mind about the trip, you should get in touch with me soon.
B. If you changed your mind about the trip, get in touch with me as soon as possible.
C. You would call me whether you changed your mind about the trip.
D. Should you change your mind about the trip, contact me as soon as possible.
V. Choose A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that has the same meaning as the given
one.
36. You should not have come to class late.
A. I'd rather you didn't come to class late. B. I would like you not to be late for class.
C. I'd sooner you hadn't come to class late. D. I would prefer that you come to class on
time.
37. Most parents are willing to lend their ear to their children.
A. They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to.
B. It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to.
C. They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear.
D. It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear.

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 38. Candidates all over the world took part in the competition with great enthusiasm.
A. It is great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
B. It was great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
C. It was with great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
D. It is with great enthusiasm which candidates all over the world take part the competition.
39. I often went fishing with my father when I was 10.
A. I used to went fishing with my father when I was 10.
B. I used to go fishing with my father when I was 10.
C. I was used to go fishing with my father when I was 10.
D. I was used to going fishing with my father when I was 10.
40. The last time Mary invited her friends to her house was 5 months ago.
A. Mary hasn't invited her friends to her house for 5 months.
B. Mary had 5 months to invite her friends to her house.
C. Mary spends 5 months inviting her friends to her house.
D. Mary has invited her friends to her house for 5 months.
VII. Sentence transformation.
Exercise 1: Cleft sentences
1. Luna is the most intelligent student in my school.
→ It is _____________________________________________________________________
2. Did you choose the furniture?
→Was it ___________________________________________________________________
3. The waiter’s attitude made things worse.
→It was ____________________________________________________________________
4. The boss gave his employee a confidential document.
→It was ____________________________________________________________________
5. My father prepared new documents for the next project.
→It was ____________________________________________________________________
Exercises 2: Cleft sentences in passive
1. People usually discuss this topic.
→It is this topic _______________________________________________________________
2. Linda’s fan gave her a lot of flowers and presents.
→It was Linda ________________________________________________________________
3. The pedestrian asked the policeman for direction to the post office.
→It was the policeman _________________________________________________________
4. His father bought him a bicycle for his birthday.
→It was a bicycle _____________________________________________________________
5. My father gave me this story book as a birthday present.
→It was this story book

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