C05-321 CH3SNAS Black User Manual ENG
C05-321 CH3SNAS Black User Manual ENG
CH3SNAS
User’s Manual
Table of contents
1. Introduction
3. Web Configuration
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ADVANCED J ITUNES SERVER ..................................................31
ADVANCED J DHCP SERVER ....................................................32
Configuration - Tools.................................................... 33
TOOLS J ADMIN ..................................................................33
TOOLS J TIME ....................................................................34
TOOLS J SYSTEM.................................................................35
TOOLS J FIRMWARE .............................................................36
TOOLS J E-MAIL ALERTS ........................................................37
TOOLS J POWER MANAGEMENT ...............................................38
TOOLS J RAID ....................................................................39
Configuration - Status................................................... 41
STATUS J DEVICE INFO..........................................................41
4. Downloading Files
5. Product Specification 48
Licensing Information.......................................................51
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1. Introduction
Congratulations on purchasing the Conceptronic Grab’n’GO Media Storage Server with RAID
0/1, the easiest and fastest way to share data, files and multimedia on your network.
This Storage Server contains two 3.5” SATA hard disk interfaces, allowing you to build a
mass-storage center for backing up your valued data. In addition, it supports RAID 1 mirroring
technology that can effectively prevent your data from being lost because of the hard disk
failure. (Note: You have to install two hard disk drives to take advantage of the RAID 1
mirroring technology.) It also supports other features such as Standard, JBOD and RAID 0.
The Storage Server is specially designed for businesses and SOHO that demand high-capacity
and high-performance solution that can be securely and easily accessed through any web
browser. The included Installation CD provides an exclusive utility – Easy Search, which
allows you to locate the Storage Server on the network and map drives to your computer.
With the ease-to-use and high-performance features, the Conceptronic Grab’n’GO Media
Storage Server with RAID 0/1 is the ideal solution for any network.
Package Contents
Unpack the package and check all the items carefully, and be certain that you have:
If any item contained is damaged or missing, please contact your local dealer immediately.
Also, keep the box and packing materials in case you need to ship the unit in the future.
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General Features
♦ Provides one 10/100/1000 Mbps Gigabit LAN port(Support Auto-MDIX)
♦ Embedded Dual SATA 3.5” HDD interface
♦ 4 HDD configurations: Standard, JBOD, RAID 0, RAID 1
♦ 2 modes supported: Open mode and Account mode
♦ IP assignment support for DHCP and Static
♦ Automatically find & play iTunes Server
♦ Supports FTP/HTTP(S) Schedule download/backup
♦ Supports DHCP Server
♦ Supports Quota for assignment users/groups
♦ Supports Power Management of HDD
♦ Supports Auto FAN Speed Control with thermal sensor
♦ Automatic E-mail Alert system
♦ Supports UPnP AV Server
♦ Supports M3U Play-list files for UPnP AV Server (up to 256 records)
♦ Supports USB Printer Server
♦ Supports NTP Server for system time synchronization
♦ Supports Easy Search Utility (for device discovery and configuration)
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Product View
1 2 3 1 4 4
Nr Description Explanation
1. HDD1/2 LED The steady Blue light indicates the hard disk drive(s) is
connected but inactive. When it blinks, the hard disk drive(s)
is reading/writing data. The steady Orange light indicates the
hard disk drive(s) failed.
2. LAN LED The steady Blue light confirms that the server has a good
connection to your network. When it blinks, the storage
server is receiving/transmitting data from/to the network.
3. Power LED The steady Blue light indicates the server is powered on.
Power Button Press once to power on. Press and hold the button for 5
seconds to power off.
4. HDD Eject Lever Use the lever(s) to eject the installed hard disk drive(s). The
front panel must be removed before ejecting the hard disk
drive(s).
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Rear View
1 2 3 4
Nr Description Explanation
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2. Setup the Server
Hardware Installation
Lock Unlock
2. Insert 1 or 2 SATA 3.5” hard disk drives into the available drive bays until they are firmly
connected to the SATA slot on the server.
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3. To extract a hard drive push the HDD eject lever down.
4. Replace the front panel onto the server then slide the lock on the bottom of the front
panel to the left position.
Note: Do not remove the Harddisk(s) from the CH3SNAS when the device is in use! This can
cause data-loss!
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Accessing the Server
1. Click “Start”, “Run”, enter the command “NCPA.CPL” and click “OK”. The Network
Connection Window will appear.
2. Right-click the Local Area Connection icon and click “Properties” from the shortcut
menu.
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3. When the Local Area Connection Properties window appears, choose the “General” tab,
select “Internet Protocol [TCP/IP]”, and click “Properties” to bring up the Internet
Protocol [TCP/IP] Properties window.
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4. Select the option “Use the following IP address”. Enter an IP Address in the empty
field.
Note: The default IP Address of the CH3SNAS is 192.168.0.20. Make sure you set the IP
Address of your computer in the same range as the CH3SNAS, for example:
IP Address : 192.168.0.10
Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0
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Using the Easy Search Utility
To access and manage the storage server easily, the convenient utility Easy Search is
provided for you on the Installation CD. Easy Search is a tool that allows you to set up the
storage server’s connection.
Note: If you are using Windows XP SP2 or higher, you can get a firewall notice like shown
below. Allow the Easy Search Utility in the firewall for the correct function of the
utility.
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1
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Nr Option Description
1. Search Device When launching the utility, it will search the connected server(s)
automatically, and display the results in the list. To refresh the
list, click the Search device button again. Clicking the Connect to
webpage button will launch the web browser and lead you to the
configuration utility. You can change the displayed language by
clicking the Set language button.
2. Setting Assign the Host Name and Workgroup for the server.
4. Static The installed hard disk drive(s) is displayed in this field. You can
assign a Drive Letter from the Drive list. Click the Mount button
to map the selected drive. Click the Unmount button to
disconnect the mapped drive.
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3. Web Configuration
You can access and manage the storage server through a web browser. This chapter provides
you with instructions of the Web Configuration Utility, and explains how to set up your
storage server with the web browser.
1. Clicking the “Connect to webpage” button on the Easy Search control panel.
2. Opening the web browser and entering the default IP address “192.168.0.20” in the
address bar and press [Enter].
Note: Your computer must be in the same subnet as the storage server. If the subnet of the
storage server is different than your computer, you cannot communicate with the
device.
Enter the username and password and click the “Configuration” button to enter the SETUP
page of the Web Configuration Utility. (Only the administration user “admin” is allowed to
change or modify the configuration settings.)
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When logging into the storage server for the first time, you will be asked to choose a drive
configuration and format the drives. There are four options: “Standard”, “JBOD”, “RAID 0”
and “RAID 1”.
RAID 1 = Provides data mirroring over both disks (Maximum backup security).
2. A warning message appears informing you that your drives will be formatted and all data
erased. Click “OK” to continue.
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Note: If you selected “RAID 0” or “RAID 1”, you need to assign the disk space which will be
used for the RAID configuration.
3. IMPORTANT!
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There is a menu bar at the top of the window, where contains six items that allow you to
configure your storage server:
Option Description
SETUP Contains the storage server’s setup wizard, the LAN configuration and
device settings.
ADVANCED Allows the storage server administrator to configure the users, groups of
users and their storage quotas. The network access, FTP server, UPnP AV
server, iTunes server and DHCP server settings are all contained here as
well.
TOOLS Contains the configuration options for the Admin account, the time and
system settings, firmware and e-mail alerts. Disk utilities, power
management options and RAID configuration options are also available
from this page.
STATUS Provides a summary of the storage information.
SUPPORT Provides the help information for the storage server.
LOGOUT Click to exit web configuration utility.
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Configuration - Setup
SETUP J WIZARD
The storage server provides a setup wizard that allows you to quickly configure some of the
basic device settings.
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5. For system management
purpose, a correct time
setting is critical to have
accurate time stamps on the
system logs. Set an
appropriate Time Zone in this
step.
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9. Enter a workgroup, name, and
description for the storage
server, or leave the default
values.
Note: After restarting, the login window will appear again. You can enter the Web
Configuration Utility with your new administrator password.
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SETUP J LAN
The Local Area Network settings for the storage server are configured on the LAN page.
Link Speed: The LAN speed is set to “Auto” by default, but can be manually set
to 100 or 1000 Mbps.
Connection type: Selecting “DHCP Client” will cause the storage server to obtain an IP
address from the local DHCP server. Selecting “Static IP” requires the
user to assign the IP information for the storage server manually.
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SETUP J DEVICE
This page allows you to assign a workgroup, name and description to the storage server.
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Configuration - Advanced
ADVANCED J USERS
The storage server supports up to 64 users. The users can be specified by group or created
individually. The created users are allowed to access the specific folders on the storage
server via FTP or the local network.
Create a User: This section contains required attributes for a new user, including
group, user name and password. When completed, click “Apply” to
activate the user’s account.
- Group: Select an existing Group for the user to join.
- User Name: Set a unique name for the user.
- Password: Set a unique password for the user (must be longer than 5 char).
- Confirm Password: Confirm the assigned password.
User List: The users and their groups are displayed in this list.
Note: The storage server uses four pre-defined accounts in the firmware, which cannot
be used as the users’ account names, including: root, admin, ftp, and nobody.
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ADVANCED J GROUPS
The storage server supports up to 10 groups. To manage the storage server easily and
efficiently, the users can be assigned to groups. You can set up the access rules and quotas
for the organization.
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ADVANCED J QUOTAS
The storage server supports the quota feature for both groups and individual users so that
you can limit the amount of storage they are allocated. By default, users and groups do not
have a quota.
User Quota Settings: User quotas are displayed here. Quotas can be edited by
clicking the “Edit” icon.
Group Quota Settings: Group quotas are displayed here. Quotas can be edited by
clicking the “Edit” icon.
Quota Status: The current status of the quota feature is displayed here. Click
“Start” to enable the quota function.
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ADVANCED J NETWORK ACCESS
This page allows you to assign users and groups to specific folders or volumes. By default, all
users are allowed Read/Write access to all volumes. Before specific user or group rules can
be created, the default rules must be deleted.
Network Access Settings: Assign permissions for the users and groups on the local
network here.
- Category: Select “Group” or “User” to decide the access rule.
- Group/User: Select the group or user the access rule will apply to.
- Folder: Click “Browse” to select the folder or directory.
- Permission: Set the user or group permission to “Read Only” or “Read/Write”.
- Comment: Enter a comment for reference or description of the rule.
Network Access List: Lists all defined access rules.
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ADVANCED J FTP SERVER
The storage server is equipped with a built in and user-friendly FTP server, which allows the
users to access the important data whether they are on the local network or at a remote
location. In addition, the FTP server can be configured to allow up to 10 users to access the
specific directories simultaneously on the storage server.
FTP Server Settings: This section contains the settings for the storage server’s FTP
Server feature. When completed, click “Apply” to save the
settings.
- Category: Select “Group” or “User” to decide the FTP server rule.
- Group/User: Select the group or user the FTP server rule will apply to.
- Folder: Click “Browse” to select the folder or directory, or select
“root” to grant access to all volumes.
- Permission: Set the user or group permission to “Read Only” or
“Read/Write”.
When completed, click “Add” to add the user or group FTP rule.
- Max User: Set the maximum amount of users that can connect to the FTP
server.
- Idle Time: Set the amount of time a user can remain idle before being
disconnected.
- Port: Set the FTP port. Default is 21.
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- Flow Control Path: Allow you to limit the amount of bandwidth available for each
user.
Folder: Specify the folder or directory that will be shared by the UPnP AV
server. Select “root” to share the entire volume.
Auto Refresh: Specify the Auto Refresh time. The CH3SNAS will automatically
refresh the Media Content if this option is selected and configured.
When completed, click “Save Settings” to save the settings. Click “Refresh” after adding
new files to be used by UPnP AV compatible devices.
Note: The CH3SNAS supports ‘m3u’ play-list files, but with a limit of 256 songs per play-
list. If an ‘m3u’ play-list contains more than 256 songs, only the first 256 songs will
be indexed and can be used by an UPnP AV Client.
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ADVANCED J ITUNES SERVER
The storage server features an iTunes Server. It provides the ability to share music to the
computer on the local network running iTunes. If the function is enabled, the storage server
will be automatically detected in the iTunes program and the music and videos contained in
the specified directory will be available to stream over the network.
Folder: Specify the folder or directory that will be shared by the iTunes server.
Select “root” to share the entire volume.
When completed, click “Save Settings” to save the settings. Click “Refresh” after adding
new files to be used with iTunes.
After enabling the iTunes server on the storage server, launch iTunes. When iTunes detects
the storage server, select it and you will be prompted to enter the iTunes server password if
a password is being set.
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ADVANCED J DHCP SERVER
The storage server can be used as a DHCP Server. As a DHCP server, it can be used to serve IP
addresses to devices on your local network. However, this feature should not be enabled if
you already have a DHCP server, such as a router on your local network.
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Configuration - Tools
TOOLS J ADMIN
This page allows you to set a password for the admin account. It is recommended to set an
administrator password when first configuring the storage server.
User Name: The administrator user name is admin, and this cannot be changed.
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TOOLS J TIME
This page contains several different options for setting the storage server’s internal clock. It
is important that accurate time is set so that scheduled backups and downloads will be
accurate.
NTP Server: Network Time Protocol (NTP) synchronizes your storage server
with an Internet time server. Enter the IP Address or domain
name of the time server you want to sync the storage server
and click Set Time.
From My Computer: Click “Set Time” to sync your storage server’s clock with the
computer being used to configure it.
Set The Date And Time Manually: This option allows you to set the time and date
manually. Enter the appropriate time and date
and click “Set Time”.
Daylight Saving Time: Available Daylight Saving Time options are “None”, “USA” or
“EU” (Europe). Select the appropriate option and click “Set
Time”.
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TOOLS J SYSTEM
This page provides the options for system restarts, saving and loading configuration settings,
and setting idle times.
Defaults: Click “Restore” to reset the storage server to the factory default
settings. This will erase all previous configuration changes.
Shutdown: Click “Shutdown” to turn off the CH3SNAS device.
Configuration Settings: Click “Save” to save the current settings to a file on the local
computer. If at a later time you need to reload this
configuration after a system reset, click “Browse” to find the
file and click “Load”.
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Idle Time: Enter the time (in minutes) that the administrator will be allowed to
remain idle while accessing the storage server configuration settings or
that users will be allowed to remain idle while accessing the download
schedule settings.
TOOLS J FIRMWARE
This page allows you to check for new firmware releases and upload them to the storage
server.
Current Firmware Info: This section shows the information about the current
firmware version of the storage server. To upgrade the
firmware, click “Browse” to select the new firmware file on
your local computer and then click “Apply” to begin the
firmware upgrade process.
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TOOLS J E-MAIL ALERTS
With the E-Mail Alerts feature, you can configure e-mails to be sent alerting you to certain
operational conditions and drive status conditions. These alerts can prove helpful with the
management and safeguarding of important data.
E-mail Alert Settings: This section contains the settings for the outgoing e-mail
account and the receiving e-mail account. Once configured, use
the “Test E-Mail” button to send a test e-mail and confirm your
settings are correct.
- Login Method: Select “Account” or “Anonymous”. Choosing “Anonymous” does
not require a user name and password.
- User Name: Enter the user name for your e-mail account.
- Password: Enter the password for your e-mail account.
- SMTP Server: Enter the IP address or domain name of your outgoing mail server.
If you are unsure of this value, contact your e-mail provider.
- Sender E-Mail: Enter the e-mail address of the user who will send the e-mail.
- Receiver E-Mail: Enter the e-mail address you want to send the alerts to. This
address must correspond with the SMTP server configured above.
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Alert Types: This section contains the alert options and their configuration settings.
- Space Status: Select an interval in hours and minutes to have a status of
space remaining on the drives e-mailed.
- Hard Drive Is Full: An alert will be sent when the hard drive is full.
- A Critical Error Has Occurred: An alert will be sent if the defined drive fail of
critical error occur happened.
- The Administrator’s Password Has Been Changed: An alert will be sent if the admin
password is changed.
- Firmware Has Been Upgraded: An alert will be sent if the firmware is upgraded.
- System Temperature Has Exceeded: An alert will be sent if the storage server
device temperature exceeds the set threshold.
Power Management: Select “Enable” or “Disable” for this function on the storage
server.
Turn off hard drives: Set the amount of time before idle drives will shut down.
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TOOLS J RAID
RAID Configuration: Click “Set RAID Type and Re-Format” to change the current
drive configuration. All data will be lost when changing the drive
configuration.
The storage server supports four different disk configuration types: Standard, JBOD, RAID 0
and RAID 1.
RAID 1 = Provides data mirroring over both disks (Maximum backup security.
2. A warning message appears informing you that your drives will be formatted and all data
erased. Click “OK” to continue.
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Note: If you selected “RAID 0” or “RAID 1”, you need to assign the disk space which will
be used for the RAID configuration.
3. IMPORTANT
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Configuration - Status
LAN Info: Displays the local network settings of the storage server.
Device Info: Displays the workgroup, device name, device description and current
temperature of the storage server.
Printer Info: Displays information for a connected USB printer.
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Configuration - Support
This page provides a menu of Support topics explaining the features of the storage server.
Click on the desired link to display the related online instruction.
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4. Downloading files
Entering Download Scheduler
1. If you are in the configuration mode, click “LOGOUT” to exit the web configuration
utility, and re-login the utility’s download page by clicking the “Schedule Downloads”
button on the login dialog box.
If you are not logged in, click the “Connect to webpage” button on the Easy Search
control panel or open the web browser and enter the default IP address “192.168.0.20”
in the address bar and press [Enter].
Enter the username and password and click the “Schedule Downloads” button to enter the
Download Scheduler of the CH3SNAS.
Note: If the administrator has added users to the Storage Server configuration, the users
can login to the Download Scheduler with their username and password.
2. The Main menu of Download page will display as below. There is a menu bar at the top
of the window, where contains four items that allow you to configure your download
task.
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The menu bar
Option Description
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Download - Scheduling
Click the SCHEDULING menu to set up your download tasks. Enter the required information
in the relative fields.
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- Recurring Backup: Designate the interval and time you want the backup or download
to run unattended.
By default, all local backups and file/folder downloads are in Overwrite mode, meaning
that identical files in the destination folder will be overwritten by the source files.
Checking “Incremental Backup” will have the storage server compare identical file
names at the source and destination. Files will only be overwritten if the source file is
more recent.
Schedule List: This section displays all completed, active and pending scheduled
downloads and backups.
Download - Status
Click the STATUS menu to display the status of the scheduled download tasks. Click
“Refresh” to reload the status of these tasks.
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Download - Support
This page provides a menu of Support topics explaining the features of the Download
Schedule function. Click on the desired link to display the related online instruction.
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5. Product Specifications
Standards
Connecting Ports
One Giga (10/100/1000M) RJ-45 connector (with Auto-MDIX)
One USB print server port
One Power connector
Buttons
One Power button
One Reset button
Management
Web-based administrative program
Easy Search utility
LEDs
Power (Blue)
LAN (Blue)
HDD1/2 (Blue; Orange for HDD failed)
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Network Service Protocols
TCP/IP HTTP/S
DHCP NTP
SMB FTP
SMTP
EMI Compliance
FCC Part 15 Class B CE, LVD
IC C-tick
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LICENSING INFORMATION
This Conceptronic product CH3SNAS includes copyrighted third-party software licensed under the terms of the GNU General
Public License.
Please see The GNU General Public License for the exact terms and conditions of this license.
Specially, the following parts of this product are subject to the GNU GPL:
1.Linux kernel 2.6.12.6 11.zlib-1.2.2 21.samba-2.2.8a
2.uclibc-toolchain-src-20040609 12.libid3tag-0.15.1b 22.tinylogin-1.4
3.at-3.1.8 13.gdbm-1.8.3 23.u-boot-1.7.3
4.busybox-1.00-pre1 14.mt-daapd-0.2.4 24.util-linux-2.12r
5.confuse 15.LPRng-3.8.10 25.wget-LFS
6.dosfstools-2.10 16.mdadm-2.2 26.wu-ftpd-2.6.2
7.e2fsprogs-1.32 17.module-init-tools-3.3-pre1 27.jpegsr6
8.goahead 18.ntp-4.2.0 28.libiconv-1.9.2
9.imgconvert 19.openssl-0.7.i 29.sqlite-3.3.7
10.mac-fdisk-0.1.org 20.quota-tools
All listed software packages are copyright by their respective authors. Please see the source code for detailed information.
Conceptronic has exposed the full source code of the GPL licensed software, including any scripts to control compilation
and installation of the object code. All future firmware updates will also be accompanied with their respective source
code. For more information on how you can obtain our open source code, please visit our web site.
- 50 -
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU
General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the
software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation's software
and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to
make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you
receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs;
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To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to
surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software,
or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the
rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them
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We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal
permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software.
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.
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be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work,
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as "you".
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b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than
your cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source
code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange;
or,
c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This
alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or
executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
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The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work,
complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files,
plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the
source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the
major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that
component itself accompanies the executable.
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering
equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third
parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any
attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your
rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have
their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you
permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not
accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicate
your acceptance of this License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program
or works based on it.
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a
license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You
may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for
enforcing compliance by third parties to this License.
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to
patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the
conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to
satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the
Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and
this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section
is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. It is not the purpose of this
section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this
section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is implemented by
public license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through
that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice.
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted
interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical
distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus
excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to
time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or
concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which
applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of
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any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this
License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different,
write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the
Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of
preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software
generally.
NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT
PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER
PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT
NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE
RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE,
YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR
ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR
DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR
INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR
LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve
this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most
effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where
the full notice is found.
, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a
subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is
what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.
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