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The Ultimate Guide to become a Data Engineer
*Disclaimer*
Everyone has their own way of learning. The key
is focusing on the core elements of Apache kafka
to build a strong understanding.
This guide is designed to assist you in that
journey.
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Example: Streaming live click data from a website to a database for
analytics.
Example: A retail company can use Kafka to track live sales and
update demand forecasting models in real-time.
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At Most Once: Messages may be lost but are not re-delivered.
Example: Logging events where occasional loss is acceptable.
At Least Once: Messages are never lost but may be re-
delivered.
Example: Payment processing to ensure no transaction is missed.
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Exactly Once: Messages are delivered once without duplicates.
Example: Updating an inventory system to prevent overstocking.
Example: bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/
zookeeper.properties and bin/kafka-server-start.sh
config/server.properties.
Create a topic: bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --topic
test-topic --bootstrap-server localhost:9092.
Example: Start a topic for a live news feed.
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Produce messages: bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --
topic test-topic --bootstrap-server localhost:9092.
Consume messages: bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --
topic test-topic --from-beginning --bootstrap-
server localhost:9092.
Example: bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh config/
zookeeper.properties and bin/kafka-server-start.sh
config/server.properties.
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Example: Analyzing streaming social media data to detect trending
topics.
Example: Collecting user activity data from a website for predictive
analysis.
Example: In a financial system, Kafka can process millions of stock
trades per second.
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Example: Ensuring no transaction logs are lost in a banking system
Example: Use a JDBC connector to stream database changes to
Kafka.
Example: Counting the number of orders per product category in real-
time.
Example: Use Schema Registry to validate incoming messages for a
customer database.
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Example: Assign partitions based on geographical regions for a global
application.
Example: Retry producing a message if the broker is temporarily
unavailable.
Example: Increase partition count to improve throughput in a high-
traffic applicatio
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Example: A sports app uses Kafka to show live match statistics.
Example: Retry producing a message if the broker is temporarily
unavailable.
Example: Monitoring vibration data from machinery to forecast
breakdowns.
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Answer: Apache Kafka is a distributed event-streaming platform
designed for high-throughput, fault-tolerant message processing.
Unlike traditional brokers, Kafka offers persistence, scalability,
and support for real-time and batch data
Answer: Partitions allow Kafka topics to be split into multiple
segments. They enable parallelism by allowing different
consumers to process data simultaneously, improving
throughput.
Answer: Consumer groups enable multiple consumers to share
the load of processing messages from a topic, ensuring high
availability and scalability.
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Answer: Message reprocessing can be achieved by resetting
consumer offsets to a desired position, allowing consumers to
replay messages.
Answer: Kafka Streams is a lightweight library for processing
Kafka data in real time, while Spark Streaming is a broader
framework for distributed data processing.
Answer: Kafka persists messages on disk and replicates them
across brokers, ensuring durability even in the event of failures
Answer: Strategies include increasing partitions, batching
messages, compressing data, and tuning broker configurations.
Answer: Producers send messages to Kafka topics, while
consumers read messages from topics for processing.
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Answer: Kafka handles backpressure by allowing consumers to
control their processing rate, with offsets ensuring no data loss.
Answer: Challenges include maintaining data consistency,
managing increased partition counts, and ensuring low latency.
Address them by balancing partitions across brokers, monitoring
metrics, and optimizing configurations.
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