MADURAI DISTRICT

11TH STANDARD
ECONOMICS SPECIAL GUIDE-2024-25
GUIDED BY

Tmt.A.Renuga
Chief Educational Officer, Madurai
CO-ORDINATED BY

Tmt.T.Nanci Thiru.K.Selvakumar
Head Mistress, Head Master,
Governnment Girls Hr.Sec.School, Madurai Government Hr.Sec.School, M.Subbulapuram

TEACHERS TEAM
Thiru.K.Karnan P.G.Asst.,
Government Girls Hr.Sec.School, Kottampatti

Thiru.R.Balamurugan P.G.Asst., Tmt.G.R.Gayathiri P.G.Asst.,

V.H.N. Hr.Sec.School, Madurai Government Girls Hr.Sec.School, Melur

Tmt.N.Hemabraba P.G.Asst., Tmt.N.Radha P.G.Asst., P.G.Asst.,

TVS Hr.Sec.School, Madurai Government (ADW) Hr.Sec.School, Achampatti

Tmt.S.Lingam P.G.Asst., Thiru.J.Samson Willam P.G.Asst.,

Hr.Sec.School, Madurai Samayanallur St.Mary’s Hr.Sec.School

Tmt.K.M.Kanagambigai P.G.Asst., Tmt.D.Mydeen Banu P.G.Asst.,

Government Girls Hr.Sec.School, Madurai Hr.Sec.School, Madurai, T.Ayyankottai

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Analysis of Minimum Learning Material with previous years Public

questions to be Examinations

2019 March

2020 march

2024 July
2022 May

2023 Mar

2024 Mar
2022 Aug
2020 July

2023 July
Number of
QUESTIONS

written
Marks

One
20/20 20 16 15 15 15 16 15 17 13 17
word
Two
7/10 14 10 14 12 14 14 14 14 14 14
Marks
Three
7/10 21 21 18 18 18 21 21 18 21 21
Marks
7 (Either
Five or
35 25 35 30 35 30 25 25 30 30
Marks Questions)
7/14

Total 90 72 82 75 72 81 75 74 78 82

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CHAPTER 1
Introduction to MicroEconomics
1. ‘Economics is a study of mankind in the 11. Utility means
ordinarybusiness of life’ -It is the statement of a. Equilibrium point at which demand and supply are
a. Adam Smith b. Lionel Robbins equal
c. Alfred Marshall d. Samuelson b. Want-satisfying capacity of goods and services
2. The basic problem studied in Economics is c. Total value of commodity d. Desire for goods and
a. Unlimited wants b. Unlimited means services
c. Scarcity d. Strategy to meet all our wants 12. A market is
3. Microeconomics is concerned with a. Only a place to buy things
a. The economy as a whole b. Only a place to sell things
b. Different sectors of an economy c. Only a place where prices adjust
c. The study of individual economic units behaviour d. A system where persons buy and sell goods directly
d. The interactions within the entire economy or indirectly
4. Which of the following is a microeconomics 13. Which one of the following is not a point in the
statement? Welfare Definition of Economics?
a. The real domestic output increased by 2.5 a.Study of an ordinary man
percentlast year. b.Economics does not focus on wealth alone
b. Unemployment was 9.8 percent of the labour c.Economics is the study of material welfare
forcelast year. d.Economics deals with unlimited wants and limited
c. The price of wheat determines its demand means
d. The general price level increased by 4 percent 14. Growth definition takes into account
lastyear. a. The problem of choice in the dynamic framework of
5. Find the odd one out: Economics
a. “An inquiry into the nature and the causes b. The problem of unlimited means in relation to wants
of theWealth of Nations” c. The production and distribution of wealth
b. “Principles of Economics” d. The material welfare of human beings
c. “Nature and Significance of Economic Science” 15. Which theory is generally included under micro
d. “Ceteris paribus” economics?
6. The equilibrium price is the price at which a. Price Theory b. Income Theory
a. Everything is sold c. Employment Theory d. Trade Theory
b. Buyers spend their money 16. ....................... have exchange value and their
c. Quantity demanded equals quantity supplied ownership rights can be established and exchanged
d. Excess demand is zero a. Goods b. Services c. Markets d. Revenue
7. Author of “An Inquiry into the Nature and 17. Identify the correct characteristics of utility
Causes of a. It is equivalent to ‘usefulness’ b. It has moral
Wealth of Nations” significance
a. Alfred Marshall b. Adam Smith c. It is same as pleasure
c. Lionel Robbins d. Paul A d. It depends upon consumer’s mental attitude
Samuelson 18. Who has given scarcity definition of economics?
8. “Economics studies human behaviour as a a. Adam Smith b. Marshall c. Robbins d.
relationship between ends and scarce means Robertson
which havealternative uses” is the definition of 19. The process of reasoning from particular to
economics of generalis
a. Lionel Robbins b. Adam Smith a. Deductive method b. Inductive method
c. Alfred Marshall d. Paul A Samuelson c. Positive economics d. Normative
9. Who is the Father of Economics? economics
a. Max Muller b. Adam Smith 20. Total revenue is equal to total output sold
c. Karl Marx d. Paul A multipliedby
Samuelson a. Price b. Total cost c. Marginal revenue d.
10. “Economics is a science” The basis of Marginal cost
this statement is—
a. Relation between cause and effect
b. Use of deductive method and inductive
method forthe formations of laws
c. Experiments d. All of the above

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Very Short Answers

21.What is meant by Economics?
The term ‘Economics’ means ‘management of households’.
22. Define microeconomics.
Micro Economics deals with the behaviour of individual economic units.
23. What are goods?
Any thing that satisfies a human want can be considered as goods in Economics.
24. Distinguish goods from services.
S.no Goods Services
1 Tangible Intangible
2 Can be stored Can not be stored

25. Name any two types of utility

1.Form Utility 2.Time Utility 3.Place Utility

26.Define positive economics.

Positive economics analyses cause and effect relationship.

27.Give the meaning of Deductive method

Deductive method process moves from general to particular.

II. Short Answer Questions:

28. Explain the scarcity definition of Economics and assess it.
Definition:
“Economics is a science which studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends and scarce
means which have alternative uses”.
Major Features.
a. Ends refer to human wants.
b. Resources or means that got to satisfy the unlimited human wants.

29. What are the crucial decisions involving ‘what is produced?’

 Whether to produce more of food, clothing and housing or to have more luxury goods
 Whether to have more agricultural goods or to have industrial goods and services
 Whether to have more consumption goods or to have investment goods
30. Explain different types of economic activities.
1.Consumption 2.Production 3.Distribution 4. Exchange
31. Elucidate different features of services.
1.Intangible 2. Heterogeneous 3. Inseparable from their makers 4. Perishable
32. What are the important features of utility?
1.Utility is psychological. 2.Utility is not equivalent to usefulness. 3.Utility is not the same as
pleasure.

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33. Distinguish between microeconomics and macroeconomics.

S.No. Micro Economics Macro Economics

1 Micro means small Macro means large.
2 Micro Economics is the study of Macro Economics concerned with the
individuals households, firms etc. economy as a whole.
3 Price theory Income theory
34.Compare positive economics and normative economics.

S. No Positive Economics Normative Economics

1 Positive science deals with 'what it is’ Normative Economics deals with “what ought to be”
2 Can be proved Can not be proved
3 Based on facts Not based on Facts

III. Long Answer Questions:

34. Compare and contrast various definitions of Economics.

Wealth Definition Welfare Definition

Author Adam Smith Alfred Marshal

Definition “Economics as the science of “Economics is a study of mankind in
wealth” the ordinary business of life”
Criticisms It teaches selfishness whichDoes
is not Consider immaterial things
against ethics

Scarcity Definition Growth Definition

Author Lionel Robbins Paul Samuelson
“Economics is the study of how men and
“Economics is a science which society choose, with or without the use of
studieshuman behaviour as a money, to produce various commodities over
“Definition” relationship between ends and time, and distribute them for consumption,
scarce means whichhave alternative now and in the
uses”. future”
Does not make any distinction Samuelson’s definition is applicable also in a
Criticisms between goods conducive to human barter economy, wheremoney is not used.
welfare and goods that are not

36 . Explain various Steps of Deductive and Inductive methods

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37. Elaborate the nature and scope of Economics.
Nature of Economics:
 Smith’s Wealth - Definition
 Marshall’s Welfare - Definition
 Robbins’ Scarcity - Definition
 Samuelson’s Growth - Definition,

Scope of Economics

The scope of the subject of Economics refers to on the subject-matter of Economics.

1. All human activities related to wealth constitute the subject-matter of Economics.
2. Production, consumption and capital formation are called the basic economic
activities of an economy.
3. The flow chart give the scope of economics.

38 Production Possibility Curve

 The Problem of Choice between relatively scarce commodities due to limited
productive resources with the help of a “Geometric Device” (that is production possibility
curve)
Assumptions
(i) The time period does not change.
(ii) Techniques of production are fixed.
(iii) Only two goods can be produced from the given resources.
Production Book Food
Possibilities
P1 100 0
P2 50 50
P3 100 0

Explanation
1. The quantity of food is shown on x-axis and the
number of cars is shown on y-axis.
2. The different three production possibilities are
being shown aspoint P1 P2 P3
3. A maximum of 100 tons of food can be produced,
given theexisting technology.
4. If on the other hand, all resources are instead used for
producing Books, 100 books can be produced.
5. In between these two extremes, possibilities exist.
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CHAPTER 2
Consumption Analysis
1. Pick the odd one out 11. The concept of elasticity of demand was introduced
a. Luxuries b. Comforts by
c. Necessaries d. Agricultural goods a. Ferguson b. Keynes c. Adam Smith d. Marshall
2. Choice is always constrained or limited by the -
12. Increase in demand is caused by
--- of our resources.
a. Scarcity b. Supply a. Increase in tax b. Higher subsidy
c. Demand d. Abundance c. Increase in interest rate d. decline in population

3. The chief exponent of the Cardinal utility 13. The movement on or along the given demand curve
approachwas is known as
a. J.R.Hicks b. R.G.D.Allen c. Marshall d. Stigler a. Extension and contraction of demand.
b. shifts in the demand.
4. Marginal Utility is measured by using the c. increase and decrease in demand. d. all the
formula of above
a. TUn-TUn-1 b. TUn-TUn+1
c. TUn+TUn+1 d. TUn-TUn+1
14. In case of relatively more elastic demand the shape
5. When marginal utility reaches zero, the total of the curve is
utilitywill be a. Horizontal b. Vertical c. Steeper d. Flatter
a. Minimum b. Maximum c. Zero d. Negative
15. A consumer is in equilibrium when marginal
6. Gossen’s first law is known as. utilities from two goods are
a. Law of equi-marginal utility. a. Minimum b. Inverse c. Equal d. Increasing
b. Law of diminishing marginal utility
c. Law of demand. d. Law of Diminishing returns. 16. Indifference curve was first introduced by
a. Hicks b. Allen c. Keynes d. Edgeworth
7. The basis for the law of demand is related to
a. Law of diminishing marginal utility 17. Elasticity of demand is equal to one indicates
b. Law of supply c. Law of equi-marginal utility.
a. Unitary Elastic Demand
d. Gossen’s Law.
b. Perfectly Elastic Demand
8. The concept of consumer’s surplus is associated
with c. Perfectly Inelastic Demand
a. Adam Smith b. Marshall c. Robbins d. Ricardo d. Relatively Elastic Demand
18. The locus of the points which gives same level of
9. Given potential price is Rs.250 and the actual satisfaction is associated with
price isRs.200. Find the consumer surplus. a. Indifference Curves b. Cardinal Analysis
a. 375 b. 175 c. 200 d. 50 c. Law of Demand d. Law of Supply
19. Ordinal Utility can be measured by
10. Indifference curve approach is based on a. Ranking b. Numbering
a. Ordinal approach b. Cardinal approach
c. Wording d. None of these
c. Subjective approach d. Psychological 20. The indifference curve are
approach a. vertical b. horizontal
c. positive sloped d. Negatively sloped

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II. Very Short Answer Questions:
21. Define Utility.
Utility is the want-satisfying power of a commodity or a service.
22. Mention the classifications of wants.
1.Necessaries : food 2. Comforts : TV, Fan 3. Luxuries : Diamonds and
Cars.

23. Name the basic approaches to consumer behaviour.

1.Cardinal Approach 2. Ordinal Approach
24. What are the degrees of price elasticity of Demand?
Ep = ∞ Ep>1 Ep<1 Ep =1
Ep =0
25. State the meaning of indifference curves.
An Indifference Curve is the locus of all combinations of any two goods which give equal
satisfaction to the consumer.
26. Write the formula of consumers surplus.
Consumer’s surplus = Potential price – Actual price

27. What are Giffen goods? Why?

 Rice and Ragi
 When the price of an inferior good falls, the poor will buy less and vice versa.
III. Short Answer Questions:
28. Describe the feature of human wants.
1.Wants are unlimited 2. Wants become habits 3.Wants are Alternative
4.Wants are Competitive 5.Wants are complementary 6.Wants are recurring
29. Mention the relationship between marginal utility and total utility.
MARGINAL UTILITY TOTAL UTILITY
1 It declines It increases
2 It reaches zero It reaches maximum
3 It becomes negative It declines
30.Explain the concept of consumer’s equilibrium with a diagram.
Meaning ; Consumer will attain equilibrium when he gets maximum satisfaction from his
expenditure on different goods is highest.

 E is the point of equilibrium as budget line AB

is tangent on indifference curve IC2 the upper IC
which implies maximum possiblelevel of
satisfaction.
 At equilibrium point, MRSx,y = Px/Py.

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31& 33. Explain the theory of “consumer’s surplus” .

“The excess of price which a person would be willing to pay rather than go without the
thing, over that which he actually does pay, is the economic measure of this surplus of satisfaction.
It may be called consumer’s surplus.”

Consumer’s surplus = Potential price – Actual price

Consumer’s Surplus = TU – (P x Q)

where, TU = Total Utility, P = Price and Q= Quantity of the commodity

32 Distinguish between extension and contraction of demand

Extension Contraction
Buying more at lower Price Buying less at higher price

33.What are the properties of indifference curves?

1. 1.Indifference curve must Indifference curves do 2.Indifference curve
have negative slope not touch the cannot intersect
horizontal or vertical
axis.

4.Indifference Curves are convex to the origin

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IV. Long Answer Questions:

34. Explain the law of demand and its exceptions.
Definition
According to Alfred Marshall, The Law of Demand said as “the quantity demanded increases
with a fall in price and diminishes with a rise in price”.
Assumptions of Law of Demand
1. The income of the consumer remains constant.
2. The taste, habit and preference of the consumer remain the same.
3. The prices of other related goods should not change
DEMAND SCHEDULE

Price Demand
3 1
2 2
1 3

Explanation
1. Quantity demanded and Y axis represents the price of the commodity.
2. DD is the demand curve, which has a negative slope.
A fall in price brings about a contraction of demand and a rise in price results in
an extension of demand. Therefore the demand curve slopes upwards from left to right.

Exception to the Law of Demand

1.Giffen Paradox 2.Veblan Effect 3.Speculation 4.Ignorance

35. Elucidate the law of diminishing marginal utility with diagram.

Definition
Marshall states the law as, “the additional benefit which a person derives from a given increase
of his stock of a thing, diminishes with every increase in the stock that he already has”.
Assumption
1. Utility can be measured by cardinal number (Eg:1,2, 3..)
2. The marginal utility of money remains constant.

Units of Apple TU MU
1 20 20
2 30 10
3 30 0
4 25 -5

Explanation
1. Suppose a consumer wants to consume 4 apples one after another.
2. The utility from the first apple is 20. But the utility from the second apple will be less
than that of the first (say 10), the third less than that of the second (say 0) and so on.
3. Finally, the utility from the third apple becomes zero and the utilities from fourth
apples are negative.
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37. What are the methods of measuring Elasticity of demand?

Methods of measuring Elasticity of Demand:
1.The Percentage Method 2. Total Outlay Method 3. Point or Geometrical Elasticity
1. The Percentage Method
It is also known as ratio method, when we measure the ratio as:

2. Total Outlay Method

This examines the change in total outlay of the consumer ortotal revenue of the firm.
Total Revenue = ( Price x Quantity Sold)
TR =(P x Q)
3. Point or Geometrical Elasticity
L - Lower segment of the
demandcurve
U- Upper segment of t e
demand curve

36. Explain the law of Equi-marginal utility.

Meaning
 The law of equi-marginal utility states that the consumer will distribute his money
 income between the goods in such a way that the utility derived from the last rupee
spend on each good is equal.
 . In other words, consumer is in equilibrium position when marginal utility of money
expenditure on each goods is the same.

Equi-marginal =
Assumption
1. The consumer is rational in the sense that he wants to get
maximum satisfaction.
2. The utility of each commodity is measurable in cardinal numbers.
Explanation

1. X axis represents the amount of money spent and Y axis represents the marginal
utilities of Apple and Orange respectively.
2. If the consumer spends .6 on Apple and .5 on Orange, the marginal utilities of
both are equal i.e.,AA1=BB1 (4=4).
3. Hence, he gets maximum utility.

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CHAPTER 3
Production Analysis
1. The primary factors of production are: 13. Name the returns to scale when the output
a. Labour and Organisation increasesby more than 5%, for a 5% increase in
b. Labour and Capital c. Land and Capital the inputs,
d. Land and Labour. a. Increasing returns to scale
2. The man-made physical goods used to produce b. decreasing returns to scale
other goods and services are referred to as. c. Constant returns to scale d. All of the above
a. Landb. Labour 14. Which of the following is not a characteristic
c. Capital d. Organization. ofland?
3. Formula for calculating AP is
a. Its limited supply. b. It is mobile
a. ΔTP/N b. ΔTP/ΔN c. Heterogeneous d. Gift of Nature
c. TP/MP d. TP/N
4. Which factor is called the changing agent of the 15. Product obtained from additional factors of
Society production is termed as
a. Labourer b. Land a. Marginal product b. Total product
c. Organizer d. Capital c. Average product d. Annual product
5.Who said, that one of the key of an entrepreneur is
“uncertainty-bearing”.
16. Modern economists have propounded the law of
a. J.B.Clark b. Schumpeter
a. Increasing returns b. decreasing returns
c. Knight d. Adam Smith c. Constant returns d. variable proportions.
6. The functional relationship between “inputs” and
“outputs” is called as 17. Producer’s equilibrium is achieved at the
a. Consumption Function point
b. Production Function where:
c. Savings Function d. Investment Function a. Marginal rate of technical substitution (MRTS) is
7. In a firm 5 units of factors produce 24units of the
product. When the number of factor increases by one, greater than the price ratio
the production increases to 30 units. Calculate the b. MRTS is lesser than the price ratio
Avarage Product. c. MRTS and price ratio are equal to each other
a. 30 b. 6 c. 5 d. 24 d. The slopes of isoquant and isocost lines are different.
8. The short-run production is studied through
a. The Laws of Returns to Scale 18. The relationship between the price of a commodity
b. The Law of Variable Proportions c. Iso-quants and the supply of commodity is
d. Law of Demand a. Negative b. Positive c. Zero d. Increase
9. The long-run production function is explained by
a. Law of Demand b. Law of Supply 19. If average product is decreasing, then marginal
c. Returns to Scale d. Law of Variable Proportions product
10. An Iso-quant curve is also known as a. must be greater than average product
a. Inelastic Supply Curve b. Inelastic Demand Curve b. must be less than average product
c. Equi-marginal Utility d. Equal Product Curve c. must be increasing d. both a and c
11. Mention the economies reaped from inside the
firm 20. A production function measures the relation
a. financial b. technical between
c. managerial d. all of the above a. input prices and output prices
12. Cobb-Douglas production function assumes b. input prices and the quantity of output
a. Increasing returns to scale c. the quantity of inputs and the quantity of output.
b. Diminishing returns to scale d. the quantity of inputs and input prices.
c. Constant returns to scale d. All of the above

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II. Very Short Answer Questions:
21. Classify the factors of production.
Land, Labour ,Capital and Organisation
22. Define Labour.
It refers to any work undertaken for securing an income or reward
23. State the production function.
Production function is the technological relationship between inputs and outputs .
24. Define Marginal Product of a factor.
It is the addition or the increment made to the total product when one more unit of the
variableinput is employed. MP = ΔTP/ΔN
25. What is Iso-cost line?
The iso-cost line illustrates all the possible combinations of two factors that can be used at given
costs and for a given producer’s budget.

26.What are conditions for Producer’s Equillibrium?

1.The iso-cost line must be tangent to iso-quant curve

2.At point of tangency, the iso-quant curve must be convex to the origin.
27.What are the reasons for upward sloping supply curve?
As the price of the commodity increases, the quantum supplied of the commodity also
increases.
Thus the supply curve has a positive slope (upward slop) from left to right.
III. Short Answer Questions:
28. What are the characteristics of land?
1) Land is a primary factor of production. 2) Land is a passive factor of production.
3) Land is the free gift of Nature 4) Land has no cost of production.
5) Land is fixed in supply. It is inelastic in supply 6) Land is permanent.
29.What are the factors governing elasticity of supply?
1.Nature of the commodity 3. Technical condition
2 .Cost of production 4.Time factor
30. What are the functions of Entrepreneur?
1.Initiation 2. Innovation 3.Coordination
4. Control, Direction&Supervision. 5.Risk-taking and Uncertainty-bearing
31. State and explain the elasticity of supply.
Elasticity of supply may be defined as the degree of responsiveness of change in supply to
changein price on the part of sellers.
Elasticity of Supply = proportionate change in supply / proportionate change in price

31.Bring out the Relationship among Total, Average and Marginal Products.

Stages TP MP AP
I increases reaches maximum Increases-attain maximum
II increase equal to zero Equal to MP

III Diminishes Becomes negative Continues to diminish but always greater

than zero
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32. llustrate the concept of producer’s Equilibrium

The producer manufactures a given amount of output with ‘least cost combination of factors’,
with his given budget.

Conditions for Producer Equilibrium:

 The iso-cost line must be tangent
to iso-quant curve.
 At point of tangency, the iso-
quant curve must be convex to the
origin or MRTSLk must be declining.
MRTSLX = PL / PX

34.State the Cobb-, Douglas Production Function.

According Cobb-Douglas, “ Linear homogeneous production function implies that the factors of
production can be substituted for one another up to a certain extent only.”
The Cobb-Douglas production function can be expressed as follows.
Q = AL ά K β
Where, Q = output; A = positive constant; K =
capital; L = Laborα and β are positive fractions .
i) (ά + β) = 1, Constant returns to scale
ii) (ά + β) < 1, Dimnishing returns to scale
iii) (ά + β) > 1 , Increasing returns to Scale

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CHAPTER 4
Costs and Revenue Analysis
1. Cost refers to 11. Wage is an example for cost of the production.
a. price b. value a. fixed b. variable
c. fixed cost d. cost of production c. marginal d. opportunity

2. Cost functions are also known as function. c. less than d. not related to
a. production b. investment 12. The cost per unit of output is denoted by----- cost.
c. demand d.consumption a. average b. marginal c. variable d. total

3. Money cost is also known as cost. 13. Identify the formula of estimating average cost.
a. explicit b. implicit c. social d. real a. AVC/Q b. TC/Q c. TVC/Q d. AFC/Q

4. Explicit cost plus implicit cost denote cost. 14. Find total cost where TFC=I00 and TVC = 125.
a. social b. economic c. money d. fixed a. 125 b. 175 c. 225 d. 325

5. Explicit costs are termed as 15. Long-run average cost curve is also called as curve.
a. out of pocket expenses b. real cost a. demand b. planning c. production d. sales
c. social cost d. sunk cost
16. Revenue received from the sale of products is
6. The costs of self–owned resources are termed as known as revenue.
cost. a. profit b. total revenue
a. real b. explicitc. money d. implicit c. average d. marginal

7. The cost that remains constant at all levels of 17. Revenue received from the sale of additional unit is
output is cost. termed as revenue.
a. fixed b. variable c. real d. social a. profit b. average c. marginal d. total

8. Identify the formula of estimating average 18. Marginal revenue is the addition made to the
variable cost. a. total sales b. total revenue
a. TC/Q b. TVC/Q c. TFC/Q d. TAC/Q c. total production d. total cost

9. The cost incurred by producing one more unit of 19. When price remains constant, AR will be---MR.
output is cost. a. equal to b. greater than
a. variable b. fixed c. marginal d. total c. less than d not related to
20. A book seller sold 40 books with the price of Rs.10
10. The cost that varies with the level of output is each. The total revenue of the seller is RS. .
termed as cost. a. 100 b. 200 c. 300 d. 400
a. money b. variable cost c. total cost d. fixed cost

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II. Very Short Answer Questions:

21. Define cost.

22. Define cost function.

The functional relationship between cost and output is expressed as ‘Cost Function’(or)
C=f(Q)
where, C=Cost and Q=Quantity of output.
23. What do you mean by fixed cost?
Expenses on fixed factors are called fixed cost.
24. Define Revenue. The amount of money that a producer receives in exchange for the
sale of goods is known as revenue.
25. Explicit Cost - Define.
It refers to the actual expenditures of the firm to purchase or hire the inputs the firm needs.
26. Give the definition for ‘Real Cost’.
It includes the efforts and sacrifices landlords in the use of land.
27. What is meant by Sunk cost?
A cost incurred in the past and cannot be recovered in future is called as Sunk Cost
III. Short Answer Questions:
28. Distinguish between fixed cost and variable cost.
Fixed cost Variable cost
Expenses on fixed factors are called fixed cost Expenses on variable factors are called
variable cost
Fixed cost does not vary with the level of output Variable cost vary with the level of output
Eg : Rent,Interest Eg : Factor Price,Wages

29. State the differences between money cost and real cost.
Money cost Real Cost
Production cost expressed in Real cost expressed in terms of
terms of money is called as money efforts and sacrifices of the owner.
cost
It includes cost of raw materials It includes the expenses on
and wages owner’s own land and vechiles
Money costs are also called Real costs are called
NominalCost or Explicit Cost Opportunity Cost

30. Distinguish between explicit cost and implicit cost.

Explicit cost Implicit cost
It includes actual money It is not actual money expenditure
expenditure incurred by a firm incurred by a firm
It enters in the firms books of It does not enter in the firms books
accounts of accounts
It is payment concept It is receipt concept

31. Define opportunity cost and provide an example.

1. It refers, the value of the next best alternative foregone.
2 .For example, a farmer cultivate paddy instead of sugar cane,the opportunity cost of
paddy out put is the amount of sugarcane output given up.

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32. State the relationship between AC and MC.

1. When MC < AC , AC falls
2. When MC = AC ,AC is Constant at it’s minimum point
3. When MC > AC , AC rises

33. Write a short note on Marginal Revenue.

Marginal Revenue is the addition to the total revenue by the sale of an additional unit of a
commodity.
MR = ΔTR/ ΔQ
1.MR curve perfectly elastic in perfect completion.
2. MR curve less elastic in monopoly

34. Discuss the Long run cost curves with suitable diagram.
1. In the long run all factors of production become
variable.
2 LAC = LTC/Q
3. The LAC curve is derived from short- run average cost
curve
4. It is the locus of points denoting the least cost curve of
producing the corresponding output.
Other names of LAC:
The LAC curve is called as ‘Plant Curve’ or ‘Boat shape
Curve’ or ‘Planning Curve’ or ‘Envelop Curve

37. Bring out the relationship between AR and MR curves under various price conditions.
Average Revenue
AR = TR / Q
Marginal Revenue
MRn = TRn – TRn-1

Explanation
1. If a firm is able to sell additional units at the same price then AR and MR will be
constant and equal (Perfect Competition)
2. If the firm is able to sell additional units only by reducing the price, then both AR and
MR will fall and be different (Monopolistic Competition)

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CHAPTER 5
MARKET STRUCTURE AND PRICING
1. In which of the following is not a type of market
structure Price will be very high? 12. In monopolistic competition, the essential feature is
a. Perfect competition b. Monopoly ..…
c. Duopoly d. Oligopoly a. Same product b. selling cost
c. Single seller d. Single buyer
2. Equilibrium condition of a firm is......
a. MC = MR b. MC > MR c.MC<MR d. MR=Price 13. Monopolistic competition is a form of .…….
a. Oligopoly b. Duopoly
3. Which of the following is a feature of c. Imperfect competition d. Monopoly
monopolistic competition?
14. Price leadership is the attribute of …………
a. One seller b. Few sellers a. Perfect competition b. Monopoly
c. Product differentiation d. No entry c. Oligopoly d. Monopolistic competition

4. A firm under monopoly can earn …………. in the 15. Price discrimination will always lead to………….
short run. a. Increase in output b. Increase in profit
a. Normal profit b. Loss c. Different prices d. b and c
c. Super normal profit d. More loss
16. The average revenue curve under monopolistic
5. There is no excess capacity under ………………… competition will be……
a. Monopoly b. Monopolistic competition a. Perfectly inelastic b. Perfectly elastic
c. Oligopoly d. Perfect competition c. Relatively elastic d. Unitary elastic

6. Profit of a firm is obtained when …………….. 17. Under perfect competition, the shape of demand
a. TR < TC b. TR - MC c. TR > TC d. TR = TC curve of a firm is...............
a. Vertical b. Horizontal
7. Another name of price is…………….. c. Negatively sloped d. Positively sloped
a. Average Revenue b. Marginal Revenue \
c. Total Revenue d. Average Cost 18. In which market form, does absence of competition
prevail?
8. In which type of market, AR and MR are equal ….. a. Perfect competition b. Monopoly
a. Duopoly b. Perfect competition c. Duopoly d. Oligopoly
c. Monopolistic competition d. Oligopoly
19. Which of the following involves maximum
9. In monopoly, MR curve lies below …………. exploitation of consumers?
a. TR b. MC c. AR d. AC a. Perfect competition b. Monopoly
c. Monopolistic competition d. Oligopoly
10. Perfect competition assumes …………
a. Luxury goods b. Producer goods 20. An example of selling cost is …
c. Differentiated goods d. Homogeneous goods a. Raw material cost b. Transport cost
c. Advertisement cost d. Purchasing cost
11. Group equilibrium is analysed in …….
a. Monopolistic competition b. Monopoly
c. Duopoly d. Pure competition

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II. Very Short Answer Questions:

21. Define Market.
In Economics, the term ‘market’ refers to a system of exchange between the buyers and
the sellers of a commodity directly or indirectly.
22. Who is price-taker?
1. A price taker is a seller who has no control to fix prices for a good or service
23. Point out the essential features of pure competition.
a. Large Number of Buyers and Sellers
b. Free Entry and Exit
24. What is selling cost?
Selling costs refer to those expenses which are incurred for popularizing the differentiated
product and increasing the demand for it.
25. Draw demand curve of a firm for the following:
a) Perfect Competition b) Monopoly

26. Mention any two types of price discrimination

(i) Personal (ii) Geographical

27. Define “Excess capacity”.

A monopolistic firm produces deliberately output which is less than the optimum output
that is the output corresponding to the minimum average cost.

IV. Long Answer Questions:

35. Bring out the features of perfect competition.
1. Large Number of Buyers and Sellers
2. Homogeneous Product and Uniform Price
3. Free Entry and Exit
4. Absence of Transport Cost
5. Perfect Knowledge of the Market
6. No Government Intervention

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CHAPTER 6
Distribution Analysis
1. In Economics, distribution of income is among the 12. According to the Loanable Funds Theory, supply of
a. factors of production b. individual loanable funds is equal to
c. firms d. traders a. S + BC + DH + DI b. I + DS + DH + BM
c. S + DS + BM + DI d. S + BM + DH + DS
2. Theory of distribution is popularly known as,
a. Theory of product-pricing 13. The concept of meeting unexpected expenditure
b. Theory of factor-pricing according to Keynes is
c. Theory of wages d. Theory of Interest a. Transaction motive b. Precautionary motive
c. Speculative motive d. Personal motive
3. Rent is the reward for the use of
a. capital b. labour c. land d. organization 14. The distribution of income or wealth of a country
among the individuals are
4. The concept of ‘Quasi-Rent’ is associated with a. functional distribution b. personal distribution
a. Ricardo b. Keynes c. Walker d. Marshall c. goods distribution d. services distribution

5. The Classical Theory of Rent was propounded by 15. Profit is the reward for
a. Ricardo b. Keynes c. Marshall d. Walker a. land b. organization c. capital d. labour

6. ‘Original and indestructible powers of the soil’ is 16. Innovation Theory of profit was given by
the a. Hawley b. Schumpeter c. Keynes d. Knight
term used by
a. J.S.Mill b. Walker c. Clark d. Ricardo 17. Quasi-rent arises in
a. Man-made appliances b. Homemade items
7. The reward for labour is c. Imported items d. None of these
a. rent b. wage c. profit d. interest
18. “Wages as a sum of money are paid under contract
8. Money wages are also known as by an employer to a worker for services rendered” – Who
a. real wages b. nominal wages said this?
c. original wages d. transfer wages a. Benham b. Marshall c. Walker d. J.S.Mill

9. Residual Claimant Theory is propounded by 19. Abstinence Theory of Interest was propounded by
a. Keynes b. Walker c. Hawley d. Knight a. Alfred Marshall b. N.W Senior
c. Bohm-Bawerk d. Knut Wicksell
10. The reward given for the use of capital
a. rent b. wage c. interest d. profit 20. Loanable Funds Theory of Interest is called as
a. Classical Theory b. Modern Theory
11. Keynesian Theory of interest is popularly known c. Traditional Theory d. Neo-Classical Theory
as
a. Abstinence Theory b. Liquidity Preference Theory
c. Loanable Funds Theory d. Agio Theory

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36. Illustrate the Ricardian Theory of Rent.

Definition
According to Ricardo,“Rent is that portion of the produce of the earth which is paid to the landlord
for the use of the original and indestructible powers of the soil”.
Assumption
1. Land differs in fertility.
2. The law of diminishing returns operates in agriculture.
3. Rent depends upon fertility and location of land.

Schedule of Ricardian Theory of Rent

Explanation
1. In diagram, X axis represents various grades of land and Y
axis represents yield per
acre (in bags).
2. OA, AB and BC are the ‘A’ grade, ‘B’ grade and ‘C’ grade
lands respectively.
3. The application of equal amount of labour and capital on
each of them gives a yield
represented by the rectangles standing just above the
respective bases.
4. The ‘C’ grade land is the “no–rent land” ‘A’ and ‘B’ grade
lands are “intra – marginal lands”.

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CHAPTER 7
Indian Economy
1. The main gold mine region in Karnataka is ………..
a. Kolar b. Ramgiri c. Anantpur d. Cochin 12. Density of population =
a. Land area / Total Population b. Land area /
2. Economic growth of a country is measured by Employment
national income indicated by ….. c. Total Population / Land area of the region
a. GNP b. GDP c. NNP d. Per capita income d. Total Population / Employment

3.Which one of the following is a developed nations ? 13. Who introduced the National Development Council
a. Mexico b. Ghana c. France d. Sri Lanka in India?
a. Ambedkar b. Jawaharlal
4. The position of Indian Economy among the other Nehru
strongest economies in the world is .. c. Radhakrishanan d. V.K.R.V. Rao
a. Fourth b. Seventh c. Fifth d. Tenth
14. Who among the following propagated Gandhian
5. Mixed economy means …… Ecomomic thinkings.
a. Private sectors and banks a. Jawaharlar Nehru b. VKRV Rao
b. Co-existence of Public and Private sectors c. JC Kumarappa d. A.K.Sen
c. Public sectors and banks d. Public sectors only
15. The advocate of democratic socialism was
6. The weakness of Indian Economy is ……. a. Jawaharlal Nehru b. P.C. Mahalanobis
a. Economic disparities b. Mixed economy c. Dr. Rajendra Prasad d. Indira Gandhi
c. Urbanisation d. Adequate employment
opportunities 16. Ambedkar the problem studied by in the context of
Indian Economy is …….
7. A scientific study of the characteristics of a. Small land holdings and their remedies
population is … b. Problem of Indian Currency
a. Topography b. Demography c. Geography c. Economics of socialism d. All of them
d.Philosophy
17. Gandhian Economics is based on the Principle
8. The year 1961is known as ….. a. Socialistic idea b. Ethical foundation
a. Year of small divide b. Year of Population Explosion c. Gopala Krishna Gokhale d. Dadabhai Naoroji
c. Year of Urbanisation d. Year of Great Divide
9. In which year the population of India crossed one 18. V.K.R.V Rao was a student of
billion mark ? a. J.M. Keynes b. Colin Clark
a. 2000 b. 2001 c. 2005 d. 1991 c. Adam smith d. Alfred Marshal

10. The number of deaths per thousand population is 19. Amartya Kumara Sen received the Nobel prize in
called as … Economics in the year
a. Crude Death Rate b. Crude Birth Rate a. 1998 b. 2000 c. 2008 d. 2010
c. Crude Infant Rate d. Maternal Mortality Rate
11. The number of births per thousand population is 20. Thiruvalluvar economic ideas mainly dealt with
called as a. Wealthb. Poverty is the curse in the society
a. Crude death rate b. Mortality rate c. Agriculture d. All of them
c. Morbidity rate d. Crude Birth Rate

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21. Write the meaning of Economic Growth
Economic growth refers to an increase in the size of a country's economy over a period of time.
The size of an economy is typically measured by gross domestic product (GDP).

22. State any two features of developed economy

1. High national income 2. High per capita income

23. Write the short note on natural resources

1. Any stock or reserve that can be drawn from nature is a Natural Resource.
2. The major natural resources are -land, forest, water, mineral and energy.

24.Point out any one feature of Indian Economy.

1. Indian economy is a mixed economy. 2.Agriculture plays the key role

25.Give the meaning of non-renewable energy

The sources of energy which cannot be renewed or re-used are called non- renewable energy
sources. Coal, oil, gas etc.

26.Give a short note on Sen’s ‘Choice of Technique’.

In a labour surplus economy (like India), generation of employment cannot be increased at
the initial stage by the adaptation of capital-intensive technique.

27. List out the reasons for low per capita income as given by V.K.R.V. Rao.
 Low levels of water availability for crops
 Absence of capital

III. Short Answer Questions:

28. Define Economic Development.
1. The level economic development is indicated not just by GDP, but by an increase in
citizens’
quality of life or well-being.
2. The quality of life is being assessed by several indices such as HDI,PQLI,GNHI
3. The level of economic development, nations are classified as developed and developing
economics

29. State Ambedkar’s Economic ideas on agricultural economics.

o In 1918, Ambedkar published a paper “Small Holding in India and their Remedies”.
o Citing Adam Smith’s ‘Wealth of Nations”, he made a fine distinction between
“Consolidation of Holdings” and “Enlargement of Holdings”.
o This paper attempts to deal with the problem of the size of holding it affects
agricultural productivity.

30. Write on short note on village sarvodhaya.

 According to Gandhi, “Real India was to be found in villages and not in towns or
cities.”
 So he suggested the development of self- sufficient, self-dependent villages.
 Sarvodaya is a Sanskrit term meaning 'universal uplift' or 'progress of all'.

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31. Write the strategy of Jawaharlal Nehru in India’s planning.

 The Plan was essentially an integrated approach for development.
 The essence of planning is to find the best way to utilize all resources of manpower, of
money and so on.
 Economic growth on a self- accelerating growth.

32. Write the V.K.R.V.Rao’s contribution on multiplier concept.

 Rao’s examination of the “interrelation between investment, income and multiplier in an
under developed economy”.
 Dr. Rao argued that whereas a primary increase in investment would take place, a
subsequent, secondary and tertiary affects through the expansion of output in the
consumption goods sector would not take place.
 Consequently, the multiplier process would not be operation.

33. Write a short note on Welfare Economics given by Amartya Sen.

1. Sen’s major point has been that the distribution of income/ consumption among the
persons below the poverty line is to be taken into account.
2. The concept of capabilities developed by Sen has been cited as a better index of wellbeing
than commodities or utilities.
3. Sen has included the concept of entitlement items like nutrition, food, medical and health
care, employment, security of food supply in times of famine etc.

34. Explain Social infrastructure.

 Social infrastructure refers to those structures which are improving the quality of manpower
and contribute indirectly towards the growth of an economy.
 These structures are outside the system of production and distribution.
 The development of these social structures help in increasing the efficiency and
productivity of manpower. For example, schools, colleges, hospitals and other civic
amenities.

IV. Long Answer Questions:

35. Explain strong features of Indian economy
1. India has a mixed economy
2. Agriculture plays the key role
3. An emerging market
4. Fast Growing Economy
5. Fast growing Service Sector
6. Demographic dividend

36. Write the importance of mineral resources in India.

1. Iron-Ore - Jharkhand, Odisha, Goa and Karnataka.
2. Mica -India stands first
3. Coal and Lignite - Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.
4. Gold – Kolar
5. Bauxite - Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.
6.Crude Oil - Assam and Gujarat.

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37. Bring out Jawharlal Nehru’s contribution to the idea of economic development.
 Jawaharlal Nehru, one of the chief builders of Modern India,
 To Jawaharlal Nehru, the Plan was essentially an integrated approach for development.
 Jawaharlal Nehru was responsible for the introduction of planning in our country.
 It was during his period, many IITs and Research Institutions were established.
 Socialism is another contribution of Nehru to India. Nehru’s socialism is democratic
socialism.

38. Write a brief note on the Gandhi an economic ideas.

Gandhian Thought Gandhian Economics is based on ethical foundations.

Village Republics To Gandhi, India lives in villages. He was interested in
developing the villages as self-sufficient units.
On Machinery Gandhi described machinery as ‘Great sin’.
Industrialism Gandhi considered industrialism as a curse on mankind.
Decentralization He advocated a decentralized economy,
Village Sarvodaya He suggested the development of self-sufficient, self-
dependent villages.

Chapter 8
Indian Economy Before and After Independence

36. Explain the role of SSIs in economic development?

1. Provide Employment
2. Bring Balanced Regional Development
3. Help in Mobilization of Local Resources
4. Pave for Optimisation of Capital
5. Promote Exports
6. Complement Large Scale Industries
7. Meet Consumer Demands
8. Develop Entrepreneurship

37. Explain the objectives of nationalization of commercial banks.

1. The main objective of nationalization was to attain social welfare.
2. Nationalisation of banks helped to curb private monopolies in order to ensure a
smooth supply of credit
3. To encourage the banking habit among the rural population.
4. To reduce the regional imbalances
5. After nationalization, new bank branches were opened in both rural and urban.
6. Credit facilities mainly to the agriculture sector and its allied activities

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CHAPTER 10
Rural Economy
1. Which is considered as the basic unit for rural 10. Indicate the cause for rural poverty.
areas? a. Lack of non-farm employment b. High employment
a. Panchayat b. Village c. Town d. Municipality c. Low inflation rate d. High investment.

2. Which feature is identified with rural areas? 11. What is the other name for
a. Low population density b. High population density concealed unemployment?
c. Low natural resources d. Low human resources a. Open b. Disguised c. Seasonal d. Rural

3. Identify the feature of rural economy. 12. How do you term the employment occurring only
a. Dependence on agriculture b. High population on a particular season?
density a. Open b. Disguised c. Seasonal d. Rural
c. Low level of population d. Low level of inequality
13. Identify an example for rural industries?
4. What percentage of the total population live in a. Sugar factory b. Mat making industry
rural area, as per 2011 censes? c. Cement industry d. Paper industry
a. 40 b. 50 c. 60 d. 70
14. How much share of rural families in India is in
5. How do you term people employed in excess over debt?
and above the requirements? a. Half b. One fourth c. Two third d. Three fourth
a. Unemployment
b. Underemployment or Disguised Unemployment 15. Identify the cause for rural indebtedness in India.
c. Full employment d. Self-employment a. Poverty b. High population
c. High productivity d. Full employment
6. What is the term used to denote the coexistence
of two different features in an economy? 16. In which year, Regional Rural Banks came into
a. Technology b. Dependency existence?
c. Dualism d. Inequality a. 1965 b. 1970 c. 1975 d. 1980

7. The process of improving the rural areas, rural 17. Identify the year of launch of MUDRA Bank?
people and rural living is defined as a. 1995 b. 2000 c. 2010 d. 2015
a. Rural economy b. Rural economics
c. Rural employment d. Rural development 18. Identify the year in which National Rural Health
Mission was launched.
8. Identify the agriculture related problem of rural a. 2000 b. 2005 c. 2010 d. 2015
economy.
a. Poor communication b. Small size of landholding 19. Identify the advantages of rural roads.
c. Rural poverty d. Poor banking network a. Rural marketing b. Rural employment
c. Rural development d. All the above
9. The recommended nutritional intake per person
in rural areas. 20. “ An Indian farmer is born in debt, lives in debt,
a. 2100 calories b. 2100 calories dies in debt and bequeaths debt”-who said this?
c. 2300 calories d. 2400 calories a. Adam Smith b. Gandhi
c. Amartya Sen d. Sir Malcolm Darling

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21.Define Rural Economy.
Rural economy refers to the economy of villages.
22.What do you mean by Rural Development?
Rural development is a process of improving the rural areas, rural
people and rural living.
23.Rural Poverty – Define.
An individual fails to earn sufficient income to buy the basic minimum of subsistence.
24.Define Open Unemployment.
In Open Unemployment, unemployed persons are identified as they remain
without work.
25.What is meant by Disguised Unemployment?
A situation more people are employed than are required and their marginal productivity
is zero.
26.Define Cottage Industry.
Cottage industries are generally associated with agriculture and provide both part-
time and full-time jobs in rural areas.
Examples: Pottery, Basket Weaving
27.What do you mean by Micro Finance?
Micro finance, also known as micro credit, is a financial service that offers
loans, savings and insurance to entrepreneurs.
28.State any two causes of housing problem in rural areas.( Write any Two)
● Lack of proper water supply
● Lack of good sanitation and
29..Define Rural Electrification.
 To provide electricity to agricultural operations
 To enhance agricultural productivity,
30.State any two factors hindering Rural Electrification in India.
● Lack of Funds
● Inter-state Disputes

III. Short Answer Questions:

31. State the importance of Rural Development.
● The rural economy supports the urban sectors
● Providing gainful employment in rural areas and improving overall food production.
● Rural-urban migration can be reduced

32.Explain the causes for rural Backwardness. (Any Three )

● The distribution of land is highly unfair in rural areas.
● Non-farm employment opportunities do not match the increasing labour force.
● Low productivity of rural labour
33.Enumerate the remedial measures to Rural Poverty. (Any Three )
● Creation of employment opportunities.
● To help the poor to become more productive.
● Effective implementation of assets.
34.What are the remedial measures for Rural Unemployment?
● To reduce the seasonal unemployment rural people should be encouraged to adopt
subsidiary occupations.
● The increased cropping intensity creates additional demand for labour.
● To provide employment new industries should be set up in rural areas.

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35.Write a note on Regional Rural Banks.

● Regional Rural Banks came into existence in 1975.
● At present, there are 64 Regional Rural Banks in India.
● To develop rural economy by providing credit and,Other facilities to the farmers.
36.Mention the features of SHGs.
● SHG is generally an economically homogeneous group
● Most SHGs are women’s groups with membership ranging between 10 and 20.
● SHGs are self-managed institutions
37.List out the objectives of MUDRA Bank.
 Regulate the lender and the borrower of microfinance
 bring stability to the microfinance system .
 lend money to small businesses, retailers, self-help groups and individuals.

IV.Long Answer Questions:

38.The features of Rural Economy are peculiar’- Argue.
1. Village is an Institution
1.Dependence on Agriculture
2.Lifestyles of Rural People are very simple.
3.Population Density is very low
4.Exixts unemployment and Seasonal Unemployment.
5.Poverty
6. Low Income
7. Dependency
8. Dualism.
39.Discuss the problems of Rural Economy.

1.People Related Problems like illiteracy etc.

2.Agricultural problems as Lack of expected awareness, Knowledge and unavailability
of inputs.
3.Poor infrastructure facilities like water, electricity, transport, educational institution,
health etc.
4.The economic problems are inability to adopt high cost technology, high cost of
inputs and so on
5: Leadership Related Problems

40.Analyse the causes for Rural Indebtedness.

Meaning:
Rural indebtedness refers to the situation of the rural people unable to repay the loan
accumulated over a period.

1.Poverty of Farmers
2.Failure of Monsoon
3.Litigation
4.Money Lenders and High Rate of Interest

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CHAPTER 11
Tamil Nadu Economy
1. In health index, Tamil Nadu is ahead of 11. In investment proposals filed by MSMEs, TN ranks
a) Kerala b) Punjab c) Gujarat d) all the above a) I b) II c) III d) IV

2. In sex ratio, Tamil Nadu ranks 12. Which district in TN has the highest sex ratio?
a) first b) second c) third d) fourth a) Nagapattinam b) Nilgiris
c) Tiruchirappalli d) Thanjavur
3. Tamil Nadu is rich in
a) Forest resource b) human resource 13. Which district has the lowest child sex ratio?
c) mineral resourced) all the above a) Madurai b) Theni c) Ariyalur d) Cuddalore

4. The main source of irrigation in Tamil Nadu is 14. Which Union Territory has the highest sex ratio?
a) river b) tank c) well d) canals a) Chandigarh b) Pondicherry
c) Lakshadeep d) Andaman Nicobar
5. Knitted garment production is concentrated in
a) Coimbatore b) Tiruppur c) Erode d) Karur 15. The largest contribution to GSDP in Tamil Nadu
comes from
6. Which of the following is wrongly matched? a) agriculture b) industry c) mining d) services
a) Gateway of Tamil Nadu – Thoothukudi
b) Home textile city - Erode 16. In human development index, TN is ranked
c) Steel city - Salem d) Pump city – Coimbatore a) Second b) fourth c) sixth d) seventh
7. Which of the following cities does not have 17. SPIC is located in
international airport? a) Chennai b) Madurai
a) Madurai b) Tiruchirappalli c) Tuticorin d) Pudukkottai
c) Paramakudi d) Coimbatore
18. The TICEL park is
8. TN tops in the production of the following crops a) Rubber Park b) Textile park
except c) Food park d) Bio park
a) Banana b) Coconut
c) plantation crops d) cardamom 19. In India’s total cement production, Tamil Nadu
ranks
9. Largest area of land is used in the cultivation of a) third b) fourth c) first d) second
a) Paddy b) sugarcane c) Groundnut d) Coconut
20. The Headquarters of Southern Railway is at
10. In literacy rate, TN ranks
a) secondb) fourth c) sixth d) eighth a) Tiruchirappalli b) Chennai c) Madurai d)
Coimbatore.

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11.Very Short Answer Questions:
21.State any two districts with favorable sex ratio. Indicate the ratios.
1. The Nilgiris - 1041
2. Kanyakumari – 1031

22.Define GSDP.
The total money value of all the goods and services produced annually in the State.

23.Mention any four food crops which are favourable to Tamil Nadu.
1. Rice, 2. Kambu, 3. Corn, 4. Groundnut

24.What are major ports in Tamil Nadu?

Chennai, Ennore and Tuticorin
25.What is heritage tourism?
Heritage tourism means practice of travelling to historical and cultural places.

26.What are the nuclear power plants in Tamil Nadu?

1. Kalpakkam 2. Koodankulam

27.Define Micro industry

Enterprise with a capital investment, not exceeding 25 lakhs is called micro industry
III.Short Answer Questions:
28.Write a note on mineral resources in Tamil Nadu.
 Tamil Nadu has a few mining projects based on Titanium, Lignite, Magnesite, Graphite,
Limestone, Granite and Bauxite.
 Magnesite mining is at Salem
 Kajamalai is rich in iron ore.

29.Explain GSDP in Tamil Nadu.

● Tamil Nadu is the second largest economy in India with a GSDP
● The GSDP of Tamil Nadu is equal to the GDP of Kuwait on nominal
term and GDP of UAE on PPP terms.
● The GSDP of Tamil Nadu is far higher compared to many countries

30.Describe development of textile industry in Tamil Nadu.

● Tamil Nadu is the largest textile hub of India.
● Tamil Nadu is known as the “Yarn Bowl” of the country accounting for
41% of India’s cotton and yarn production.
● Employment to an estimated 35 million people
● The textile sector contributes to 14% of the manufacturing sector.

31.Compare productivity of any two food crops between Tamil Nadu and India.
● The Government of Tamil Nadu lays emphasis on agricultural production and productivity.
● As a result, Tamil Nadu tops in productivity, in food crops as well as non-food crops,among
the States in India.
32.Explain the prospect for development of tourism.
● Tamil Nadu has since ancient past been a hub for tourism
● The State currently ranks the highest among Indian States with about 25 crore arrivals
● Approximately 28 lakh foreign and 11 crore domestic tourists visit the State.

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33.What are the renewable sources of power in Tamil Nadu?
1.Hydel Energy - Mettur, Periyar, Maravakandy, Parson Valley etc.
2.Solar Energy - Kamuthi
3.Wind Energy – Thuthukudi ,Thiruneiveli

34.Describe the performance of Tamil Nadu economy in health.

Tamil Nadu has a three – tier health infrastructure comprising
1.Hospitals,primary health centres, health units
2.community health centres and
3.sub-centres.

IV.Long Answer Questions:

35.Describe the qualitative aspects of population.
1.Sex ratio (Number of female per 1000 males- in tamilnadu 555)
2,Infant Mortality Rate (mortality before completing 1 year)
3.Maternal Mortality Rate (Mother’s death at the time of delivery per 1 Lakh)
4.Life Expectancy at birth (The average period that a person may expect to live)
5.Literacy (The literacy rate in Tamil Nadu is 80.33%)
6.Densiy (The density of population which measures population per sq.km is 555 (2011)

36.Explain the various sources of energy in Tamil Nadu.

● Tamil Nadu tops in power generation among the southern States
● There are about 20 hydro electric units in Tamil Nadu.
● The Kalpakkam Nuclear Power Plant and the Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant are the
major nuclear energy plants for the energy grid.
● The thermal power plants are at Athippattu (North Chennai) Ennore,Mettur, Neyveli and
Thoothukudi.
● Tamil Nadu has the highest installed wind energy capacity in India.

37.Explain the public transport system in Tamil Nadu.

Tamil Nadu has a well established transportation system that connects all
parts of the State.
1. Road: There are 28 national highways in the State.
2. Rail: Tamil Nadu has a well-developed rail network as part of Southern Railway,
Headquartered at Chennai.
3. Ports: Tamil Nadu has three major ports; one each at Chennai,Ennore, and Tuticorin,
as well as one intermediate port in Nagapattinam, and 23 minor ports.
4. Airports: Tamil Nadu has four major international airports. They are
Chennai,Madurai,Trichy and Coimbatore.

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