[go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd
Upload
12 views16 pages

physics project combined

The document is an investigatory project on logic gates submitted by Soumil Bhople from Pioneer Convent School for the academic year 2024-2025. It covers the definition, principles, types of logic gates (AND, OR, NOT), and their applications in digital electronics, along with a practical experiment on the OR gate. The project includes acknowledgments, an index, and a bibliography of sources used.

Uploaded by

suba0078
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views16 pages

physics project combined

The document is an investigatory project on logic gates submitted by Soumil Bhople from Pioneer Convent School for the academic year 2024-2025. It covers the definition, principles, types of logic gates (AND, OR, NOT), and their applications in digital electronics, along with a practical experiment on the OR gate. The project includes acknowledgments, an index, and a bibliography of sources used.

Uploaded by

suba0078
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

PIONEER CONVENT SCHOOL

INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ON
LOGIC GATES

SUBMITTED BY:

SUBMITTED TO: Pooja Bhondve

CLASS: XII C

SESSION: 2024-2025
1|Page
This is to certify that Soumil Bhople,
Student of XII C (Science) worked on
project titled – “LOGIC GATES” during the
academic year 2024-2025
He worked sincerely under the guidance
of faculties and prepared the dissertation

___________ ____________
External Teacher Subject Teacher

_____________
Principal
2|Page
To the Principal,
First of all, I am immensely indebted to
almighty god for her blessing and grace
without which I could not undertaken this
task and my efforts would never have been
success
I humbly consider a privilege honor to express
my heartiest and profound gratitude to Ms.
Rashmi Harkarni Ma’am, Principal of Pioneer
Convent School, Indore for her appropriate
direction, valuable suggestion, underjudging
assistance so generously extended to me

_______________
Principal

3|Page
To the Teachers,
I wish to express my deepest feelings of gratitude
to, Mrs. Pooja Bhondve Ma’am Physics
department. For their erudite involvement and
sustained guidance which has been pivotal in my
project work. Their minute observation, precious
insights, critical comments have indeed greatly
helped to shape my ideas.
This guidance and support received from my
entire classmates who contributed and who are
contributing to this project, is vital for the success
of this project. I am grateful for their constant
support and help.
I also owe sense of gratitude to my parents for
encouragement and support throughout the
project.

_______________
4|Page
INDEX
Sr no. Title Page no.
1 Introduction
2 Principle
3 Basic Gates
4 Some facts
5 The OR Gates
6 Conclusion
7 Bibliography

5|Page
INTRODUCTION
GATE: -
A gate is defined as a digital circuit which
follows some logical relationship between
the input and output voltages. It is a digital
circuit which either allows a signal to pass
through or stop it.

The logic gates are building blocks in


digital electronics. They are used in digital
electronics to change one voltage level into
another according to some logic statement
relating to them.

Truth Table: -

6|Page
A logic gate may have one or more than
one input, but it has only one output. The
relationship between the possible values of
input and output voltages are expressed in
the form of a table called TRUTH TABLE.

Truth table of a logic gate is a table that


shows all the inputs and outputs that are
possible for the logic gates.

Boolean algebra
-The algebra which is based on
binary nature of the logic gates.

Boolean Expressions:
-They are the logical statement
which are followed by logical gates.
7|Page
PRINCIPLE
Any Boolean algebraic operation can be associated
with the input and output, which represents the
statement of Boolean algebra. Although these
circuits may be complex, they may all be
constructed from three basic Devices like a P-N
junction diode, a resistance and an N-P-N
Transistor.
We have three different types of logic gates, and
they are the AND gate, the OR gate and the NOT
gate.
LOGICAL STATEMENT
1 0
High Low
Positive Negative
On Off
Close Open
Conducting Non-Conducting
Right Wrong
True False
8|Page
Yes No

Basic Gates
The OR Gate: - It is a device that combines A and B
to give Y as the result. The OR gate has two or
more inputs and one output. In Boolean algebra,
addition symbol (+), is referred as the OR.
The Boolean expression: A+B=Y
This indicates that Y equals to A or B.

The AND Gate: - It is a device that combines A with


B to give Y as the result. The AND gate has two or
more inputs and one output. In Boolean algebra,
multiplication sign is referred as the AND.
The Boolean expression: A. B=Y or A X B=Y
This indicates that Y equals to A and B.
9|Page
The NOT Gate: - It is a device that inverts the
inputs. The NOT has one input and has one o u t
put. In Boolean algebra, bar symbol is referred as
the NOT.
The Boolean expression:
This indicates that Y is not equal to A.

10 | P a g e
Some Facts about logic gates

1. Making of logic gates was started with


binary numbers.
2. Logic gates can also store information.

11 | P a g e
THE OR-Gate
AIM: -
To design and stimulate the OR gate circuit.
Components: -
2 Ideal P-N Junction diode (D1 D2).

Theory and construction


An OR gate can be realized by the electronic
circuit, making use of 2 diodes.

12 | P a g e
Hear the negative terminal of the battery is
grounded and corresponds to the 0 level, and the
positive terminal of the battery corresponds to level
The Output Y is voltage at C with respect to earth.

The following conclusion can be drawn from the


above circuit:-
1. If the switch A and B are kept open A = 1
B= 0, then bulb does not glow, hence Y = 0.
2. If switch A is kept closed and B is kept open
( A = 1, B = 0 ) , then bulb does not glow, hence
Y = 0.
3. If switch A is kept open and B is kept closed
(A = 0 B = 1), then bulb does not glow, hence
Y= 0.
13 | P a g e
4. If switch A and B both are kept closed (A=1,
B=1), then bulb glows, hence Y=1.

14 | P a g e
Conclusion
Logic gates are used to develop many IC circuits or
microchips in today's modern world.
NAND gate and NOR gate are known as universal
gates because we can construct all the three basic
gates using NAND & NOR gates.
Without logic gates electronic world would be
nearly incomplete.

Thank you
--------------

15 | P a g e
Bibliography
This project would be nearly incomplete if I had not
used the information given in the following
websites. My special thanks to the up loader of
information on these websites.
If considered, I have used everything that GOOGLE
shows me.......

16 | P a g e

You might also like