Shree Consultants
Architectural Planning & Design, Structural Design & Drawing, Soil Investigations & Foundation
Design, Estimation & Valuation and Project Management - Site Supervision & Consultancy, DPR,
Cost Benefit Analysis & Environmental Impact Analysis(EIA).
TRAFFIC SURVEY, AXLE LOAD SURVEY,
EVALUATION OF VEHICLE DAMAGE FACTOR -
VDF & PAVEMENT DESIGN
Name of work: Strengthening of (R-32) TM ROAD to
MELNALLATHUR THANDUPATTAI Road KM 0/000-2/900 in
KADAMBATHUR Block of Thiruvallur District.
Name of Scheme: MGSMT
Name of the Road: (R-32) TM ROAD to MELNALLATHUR
THANDUPATTAI Road KM 0/000-2/900 in KADAMBATHUR
Block of Thiruvallur District.
Road code: 32
Road length: 2.9km
Block: KADAMBATHUR
District: THIRUVALLUR
TRAFFIC SURVEY
A traffic survey is needed for existing roads that are proposed for up gradation in
order to estimate the extent of pavement strengthening. Such surveys may also be
useful in prioritizing maintenance activities. The purpose of the traffic survey is to
establish the Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT). Traffic is likely to be the highest
in the post-harvest season. But the survey cannot always wait till the post-harvest
season, and has to be taken up immediately after a particular project is identified for
being included in that year’s programme. If the traffic survey is done in a lean season,
local enquiry should be done to ascertain the post-harvest traffic, particularly of
agricultural tractor-trailers, MCVs and trucks, and necessary adjustments for traffic is
to be made for seasonal variation.
Classified traffic volume count was carried out at one selected location for this project
road for 24 hours for 3 consecutive days. Commercial Vehicles having laden weight
of 3 tones and above (Sum of MCV, multi axles, trucks, tractors and buses) have been
considered for design of flexible pavement. The traffic growth rate considered for
design is 6% per annum. The design life for all the project roads has been taken as 10
years.
Three days continuous classified traffic volume count has been carried out at KM
1/000 of this road. Details of Traffic survey conducted are depicted in the Table -
Traffic Census - ATCC Method in the annexure below. The seasonal correction
factor is taken as 1.0 and hence the computed AADT is same as ADT. The traffic has
been projected for 10 years design life adopting 6% annual traffic growth rate as per
IRC : SP 72– 2015. A one year construction period is considered. Average daily
traffic corresponding PCU values and Commercial Vehicles Per Day (CVPD) were
calculated and reported.
AXLE LOAD SURVEY
Axle Load Survey: A one day Axle load survey was conducted @ Km. 1/000 to
determine the Vehicle Damage Factor (VDF) for the commercial vehicles whose
gross weight is more than 3 tonnes. This survey was done for one day during the
period of 3 days classified traffic volume count survey been conducted. On the basis
of vehicle axle load data, VDF for each vehicle class /axle load spectrum was
calculated and the combined VDF values were evaluated. These combined VDF
values are used to calculate the traffic in terms of ESAL which forms the basis for
pavement design.
The axle load survey was conducted at a location where it is possible to stop the
vehicles and take measurements without causing disturbance to the traffic flow. The
data on axle loads of the vehicles were collected by calibrated portable weigh pads.
The tyres of the vehicle were mounted on the portable weigh pad and the load
indicated on the digital meter was recorded in the standard format. The axle load data
is collected for all the axles of the vehicles. Calibration certificate of portable weigh
pad used in the axle load survey is enclosed. Figures 1-6 below illustrates the Axle
load survey being conducted on the road.
PAVEMENT DESIGN
The design calculations,overall pavement crest thickness and thicknesses of
various pavement layers are evaluated based on the Soil CBR values and the projected
Traffic ESAL evaluated as per guidelines prescribed in IRC-SP 72:2015 and
reported in the annexure below.
AXLE LOAD SURVEY
Figure1- Axle load survey at Ch. 10/025 of R32
Figure 2- Axle load survey at Ch. 10/025 of R32
Figure 3- Axle load survey at Ch. 10/025 of R32
Figure 4- Axle load survey at Ch. 10/025 of R32
Figure 5- Axle load survey at Ch. 10/025 of R32
Figure 6- Axle load survey at Ch. 10/025 of R32
EQUIVALENT AXLE LOAD FACTORS USING FOURTH POWER
DAMAGE FORMULA
Actual Load/Std Axle Load )^4
Single Dual
Axle wheel wheel Rear
Load / /Front /Rear Tandem Rear Tridem
Std load
Sl No ----> 6500 8000 14800 22400
1 2000 0.009 0.004 0.001 0.001
2 4000 0.144 0.063 0.006 0.002
3 6000 0.727 0.317 0.028 0.006
4 8000 2.295 1.000 0.086 0.017
5 10000 5.603 2.442 0.209 0.040
6 12000 11.617 5.063 0.433 0.083
7 14000 21.521 9.379 0.801 0.153
8 16000 36.714 16.000 1.366 0.261
9 18000 58.809 25.629 2.188 0.417
10 20000 89.633 39.063 3.335 0.636
11 22000 131.232 57.192 4.883 0.931
VEHICLE AXLE LOAD
AXLE LOAD CLASS MID VALUES
1000 - 3000
2000
3000 - 5000
4000
5000 - 7000
6000
7000 - 9000
8000
9000 - 11000
10000
11000 - 13000
12000
13000 - 15000
14000
15000 - 17000
16000
17000 - 19000
18000
19000 - 21000
20000
21000 - 23000
22000
