Social Justice
1. Definition of Social Justice
   •   Social justice refers to the fair and equitable distribution of resources, opportunities, and
       privileges within a society. It emphasizes eliminating systemic inequalities that
       disadvantage marginalized groups.
   •   It involves addressing issues like poverty, discrimination, access to education, healthcare,
       housing, and labor rights.
2. Key Principles of Social Justice
   •   Equity: Ensuring fair treatment and providing resources according to individual needs to
       achieve equal outcomes.
           o Example: Implementing need-based scholarships for students from low-income
               backgrounds.
   •   Access: Guaranteeing all individuals have access to essential resources and opportunities.
           o Example: Ensuring people with disabilities have access to public transportation
               and educational facilities.
   •   Participation: Involving marginalized communities in decision-making processes
       affecting their lives.
           o Example: Including indigenous groups in environmental conservation discussions.
   •   Rights: Protecting human rights and ensuring that everyone’s dignity is respected.
           o Example: Advocating for LGBTQ+ rights to prevent discrimination in
               workplaces.
3. Historical Background of Social Justice
   •   The concept gained prominence in the early 19th century with movements aimed at
       addressing poverty and labor conditions.
   •   Influenced by John Rawls' Theory of Justice, which argues for a fair system of
       distribution where social and economic inequalities are arranged to benefit the least
       advantaged.
   •   Modern social justice movements, such as Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. and Anti-
       Apartheid Movement in South Africa, have fought against racial discrimination and
       systemic oppression.
II. Key Areas of Social Justice
1. Economic Justice
   •   Focuses on reducing income inequality, promoting fair wages, and ensuring economic
       opportunities for all.
   •   Example: The fight for a living wage to lift workers out of poverty, as seen in the “Fight
       for $15” campaign in the U.S.
2. Racial Justice
   •   Seeks to address systemic racism and promote racial equity.
   •   Example: The “Black Lives Matter” movement advocates for justice in cases of police
       brutality and systemic discrimination against Black communities.
3. Gender Justice
   •   Involves addressing inequalities faced by women, non-binary, and transgender
       individuals.
   •   Example: Campaigns against gender-based violence, such as the “#MeToo” movement,
       which raises awareness about sexual harassment.
4. Environmental Justice
   •   Focuses on the fair treatment of all communities in environmental policies, especially
       those disproportionately affected by environmental hazards.
   •   Example: Advocating for the rights of indigenous communities to protect their land from
       industrial pollution or deforestation.
5. Healthcare Justice
   •   Ensuring equitable access to healthcare services regardless of socio-economic status.
   •   Example: Expanding public health services to reach marginalized populations, such as
       providing free vaccines in underserved areas.