Class Notes on Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
Introduction: Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was one of the most
influential leaders of India's freedom struggle. His determination, military
strategies, and nationalist vision made him a unique figure in Indian
history. Born on January 23, 1897, in Cuttack, Odisha, he dedicated his life
to the country's independence, inspiring millions with his call for complete
self-rule.
Early Life and Education:
Subhas Chandra Bose was born into a well-off Bengali family and
was highly intelligent from a young age.
He completed his schooling in Cuttack and later studied at
Presidency College and Scottish Church College in Kolkata.
In 1919, he went to England to appear for the Indian Civil Services
(ICS) exam, which he passed with high ranks. However, he resigned
from his position in 1921, choosing to join India's struggle for
independence instead.
Political Career:
Bose joined the Indian National Congress (INC) and quickly became
one of its prominent leaders.
He worked closely with leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal
Nehru but had ideological differences with them, particularly
regarding non-violence.
In 1938, he was elected as the President of the Indian National
Congress but resigned in 1939 due to conflicts with the party’s
leadership.
He believed that India's freedom could not be achieved through
passive resistance alone and sought military support to fight British
rule.
Formation of the Indian National Army (INA):
After escaping British surveillance in 1941, Bose traveled to
Germany and later to Japan to seek assistance.
In 1943, he took charge of the Indian National Army (INA), originally
formed by Captain Mohan Singh.
With the slogan "Give me blood, and I will give you freedom!", Bose
motivated thousands of Indian soldiers to fight against British rule.
The INA, with the support of Japan, launched military campaigns in
Burma (now Myanmar) and northeastern India.
Role in the Freedom Struggle:
Bose established the Provisional Government of Free India in 1943,
which was recognized by several countries.
The INA fought alongside Japanese forces against the British, but
after Japan’s defeat in World War II, the INA suffered setbacks.
Though the INA could not achieve military success, it played a
crucial role in awakening nationalist sentiments among Indians.
Mysterious Disappearance and Legacy:
Bose's sudden disappearance in 1945 remains one of the greatest
mysteries in Indian history. It is widely believed that he died in a
plane crash in Taiwan, but many theories suggest otherwise.
Despite his absence, his legacy lived on, and his ideas inspired
future generations.
His contributions significantly influenced the Indian National Army
trials, which further fueled the Indian independence movement.
Netaji’s dedication to the motherland is remembered every year on
his birth anniversary, which is celebrated as Parakram Diwas (Day of
Valor).
Conclusion: Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose remains a symbol of courage,
patriotism, and sacrifice. His vision for a free India and his willingness to
fight for it through any means necessary continue to inspire people today.
His contributions to India's freedom struggle, though different from
mainstream approaches, played a vital role in securing the nation's
independence in 1947.
