Python Final Exam Notes

1. Which of the following is not an operating system?

d. Photoshop
2. 1GB = ?

c. 1024 MB

3. Which of the following is an input device?

b. Keyboard

4. A) ASCII is an encoding scheme developed in the 1960s for standardizing keyboard

character representation.

B) ISCII is an encoding scheme developed to support all the characters of every written
language of the world.

b. Only A is correct

5. What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 128?

d. 10000000

6. Concatenation of strings is called:

a. Joining strings

7. Which technology allows devices to communicate over the internet?

d. Internet of Things

8. Spell checking feature is an example of:

b. Natural Language Processing

9. Which of the following is the mathematical function in Python?

d. max()

10. What is the first step in problem-solving as per the document?

c. Analyzing the problem

11. What does the process of coding involve?

c. Converting the algorithm into a program

12. Which is the correct statement to retrieve elements from index 2 to 6 from a tuple?
a. tuple1[2:7]

13. Which symbol is used for comments in Python?

b. #

14. Visual representation of an algorithm is:

c. Flowchart

15. What will be the output of the following code: print((4 + 3) / 2)?

c. 3.5

PART B

II. Fill in the blanks:

16. Secondary memory is used for permanent storage of data.

17. The mechanism of converting data into an equivalent cipher using specific code is
called encoding.

18. Machine learning is a subsystem of artificial intelligence wherein computers learn

from data.

19. The symbol used for input and output operation in a flowchart is oval.

20. In Python, every value or data item is considered as an object.

III. Answer any FOUR (2 marks each):

21. Execution modes in Python:

Interactive Mode

Script Mode
22. Smart cities:

Smart cities use digital technologies like IoT, AI, and big data to improve infrastructure,
enhance public services, and optimize resource usage for a better quality of life.

23. Radix of number systems:

Binary: 2

Decimal: 10
24. Artificial intelligence:
AI refers to systems that mimic human intelligence. Example: Siri.
25. Pseudo code to add two numbers:

Start

Input num1, num2

Sum = num1 + num2

Output Sum

End

26. Two symbols used in flowcharts:

Oval: Start/End

Parallelogram: Input/Output

27. Operations on tuples:

Indexing

Slicing
PART C (3 Marks Each)

28. Define the following:

a) Data Bus: A communication pathway that transfers data between the processor,
memory, and peripherals in a computer system. It determines the amount of data a
system can transfer at one time.

b) Address Bus: Used to specify the address of a memory location or device the CPU
intends to interact with.
c) Control Bus: Transmits control signals to coordinate various operations, like
reading/writing data and managing hardware components.
29. What is an Operating System? Mention its functions.

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages hardware and software
resources in a computer system.
Functions of OS:

1. Process Management: Schedules and manages processes for efficient CPU usage.

2. Memory Management: Allocates and monitors memory to ensure smooth execution.

3. File System Management: Manages data storage, retrieval, and organization.

4. Device Management: Controls and coordinates connected hardware like printers and
keyboards.

30. Explain the Hexadecimal Number System with Applications.

Hexadecimal Number System: A base-16 number system using digits 0–9 and letters A–
F to represent values.

Applications:

1. Memory Addressing: Used in programming for referencing memory locations.

2. Web Design: Used in color codes, e.g., #FFFFFF for white.

3. Digital Systems: Simplifies binary-to-decimal conversions for compact representation.

31. What is Immersive Experience? Explain one method to achieve it.

Immersive Experience: A technological simulation where users feel fully engaged in a

virtual or augmented environment.
Method:

Virtual Reality (VR): Uses devices like headsets to create simulated environments
where users can interact in real time, e.g., VR gaming or training simulations.

32. Write a Flowchart to Calculate the Area of a Rectangle.

Steps:

1. Start

2. Input Length (L) and Breadth (B).

3. Calculate Area = .

4. Output Area.
5. End

Diagram Description:

Oval (Start and End)

Parallelogram (Input and Output operations)

Rectangle (Processing Step: Area = ).

33. What is Problem Solving? Mention the Steps Involved.

Problem Solving: The process of finding solutions to a problem systematically.
Steps Involved:

1. Understand the Problem: Analyze the issue and its requirements.

2. Design a Solution: Plan an algorithm or approach.

3. Implement the Solution: Write code or perform steps to solve the issue.

4. Test and Debug: Check if the solution works and fix errors.

34. What is a Function? Write the Advantages of Functions in Python Programming.

A function is a block of reusable code designed to perform a specific task.

Advantages of Functions:

1. Reusability: Eliminates redundancy by using the same code in multiple places.

2. Modularity: Breaks complex programs into manageable pieces.

3. Improved Debugging: Errors can be identified and resolved within specific functions.

4. Ease of Maintenance: Updates to functionality can be made in one place.

PART D (5 Marks Each)

35. Explain the Von Neumann Architecture with a Neat Diagram.

Definition: A computer architecture model proposed by John Von Neumann. It describes

how data and instructions are stored in a single memory unit and processed
sequentially.

Components:
1. Input Unit: Accepts data and instructions.

2. Memory Unit: Stores data, instructions, and results.

3. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU): Performs calculations and logical operations.

4. Control Unit: Directs the flow of data and instructions between components.
5. Output Unit: Displays the processed results.

Diagram:

Input and Output Units connected to Control and ALU.

Memory Unit links data to ALU and Control Unit.
Key Feature: The fetch-decode-execute cycle for program execution.

36. Define Data. Explain Structured Data in Detail.

Definition: Data refers to raw facts and figures without context, which can be processed
into meaningful information.

Structured Data:

Organized and stored in a defined format, such as tables with rows and columns.

Examples:
Databases (SQL databases).

Spreadsheets.
Advantages:

1. Easy to retrieve and analyze.

2. Compatible with relational database systems.

3. Suitable for processing by software tools.

37. What is an Operating System? Explain the Graphical User Interface (GUI).
An Operating System manages hardware and software, ensuring efficient operation of a
computer.
Graphical User Interface (GUI):

1. Allows users to interact with the system using visual elements like icons, menus, and
windows.
2. Reduces the need for command-line instructions, making systems user-friendly.

Features of GUI:

3. Drag-and-drop functionality.

4. Customizable appearance.

5. WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) editing.

38. Define Robotics. Explain Robots with an Example.

Robotics: A branch of engineering that designs, builds, and operates robots to perform
tasks autonomously or semi-autonomously.
Robots: Machines programmed to perform specific tasks, often replacing human effort
in repetitive or hazardous environments.
Example:

1. Industrial Robots: Used for welding, assembling, and painting in manufacturing

industries.

2. Humanoids: Robots designed to mimic human movements and assist in healthcare,

like "Pepper."

39. What is an Algorithm? Explain the Characteristics of a Good Algorithm.

Algorithm: A step-by-step procedure to solve a problem.

Characteristics of a Good Algorithm:

1. Finiteness: Must have a limited number of steps.

2. Definiteness: Steps should be clear and unambiguous.

3. Input/Output: Accept inputs and produce outputs.

4. Effectiveness: Each step must be feasible.

5. Generality: Should solve a class of problems, not just one specific case.

40. What is a Function? Write the Advantages of Functions in Python Programming.

Definition: A function is a reusable block of code that performs a specific task.

Advantages:
1. Code Reusability: Avoid repetition by using functions multiple times.

2. Improved Clarity: Code becomes easier to read and understand.

3. Modularity: Divide large problems into smaller, manageable parts.

4. Ease of Maintenance: Updates to code can be made in one place.

5. Debugging: Isolated testing of individual functions.

Example:

def add_numbers(a, b):

return a + b
print(add_numbers(3, 5)) # Output: 8

41. What is Mapping Data Type in Python? Explain Dictionary with an Example.

Mapping Data Type: Maps keys to values, where each key-value pair is unique.
Dictionary: A built-in Python data type that stores key-value pairs.
Syntax:

my_dict = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}

Features:

Keys must be unique and immutable.

Values can be of any data type.

Example:

person = {"name": "John", "age": 30, "city": "New York"}

print(person["name"]) # Output: John

II Answer any TWO questions, each question carries FIVE marks 2 x 5 = 10

42. Solve the following

i) 10010.101(2) =? (10)

ii) ii) 24.13(8) =? (10)

iii) iii) FF (16) =? (2)

43. Predict the output of the following python code

i. x, y=2,3

x, y=x+2, y+3

print (x, y)

ii. a=1

a+=3

print(a)
iii. name=” python”

print (“Hello “, name)

iv. a=2

print(a>=20)

v. x, y=8,6

x, y=y, x
print (“x=”, x,” y=”, y)
44.Write a python program to generate the pattern

12

123
1234

12345