Micro Module

5000 Questions
1. The overall heat transfer coefficient (U) for a composite wall of thicknesses x 1,
x2, x3 and of corresponding thermal conductivities k1, k2, k3 is given by
equation
1 k1 k 2 k 3
a) = + + c) U = k1x1 + k 2 x 2 + k 3x 3
U x1 x 2 x 3
1 x1 x 2 x 3 1 x1 x 2 k 3
b) = + + d) = + +
U k1 k 2 k 3 U k1 k 2 x 3
2. For a fluid with Prandtl number Pr > 1, momentum boundary layer thickness
a) Decreases rapidly compared to the thermal boundary layer thickness
b) And thermal boundary layer thickness increase at the same rate
c) Increases rapidly compared to the thermal boundary layer thickness
d) And thermal boundary layer thickness decrease at the same rate
3. Radiation thermal resistance may be written as [where F, A, σ are shape factor,
Area and Stefan-Boltzmann constant respectively]
1 1
a) b)
FA(T1 + T2 )(T12 + T22 ) FA(T1 + T2 )(T12 − T22 )
1 1
c) d)
FA(T14 − T24 ) FA(T14 + T24 )
4. Heat conduction equation in spherical coordinate system will be when
temperature varies in r direction only
 2T 1 T q 1 T  2T 1 T q 1 T
a) 2 + + = b) 2 + + =
r 2r r k 2 r r r r k  r
 2T 2 T q 1 T  2T 2 T q 1 T
c) 2 + + = d) 2 + + =
r r r k  r r r r 2k  r
5. Sphere 1 with a diameter of 0.1m is completely enclosed by another sphere 2 of
diameter 0.4m. The view factor F12 is
a) 0.0625 b) 0.25 c) 0.5 d) 1.0
6. A copper rod is of 12 mm diameter and 60 mm long is to be used as a fin with
an insulated tip. For this fin, the efficiency was found to be 60%, the
effectiveness of the fin is:
a) 12 b) 6 c) 5.4 d) 3.7
7. The maximum dimension of the edge of a solid aluminium cube (k = 250 W/m
K) which is subjected to a connective heat transfer with h = 30 W/m2K for
lumped parameter analysis to be fairly accurate is:
a) 1.25m b) 7.5m c) 5m d) 2.5m
8. For an opaque plane surface the radiosity, irradiation and emissive power are
respectively 16, 24 and 12 W/m2. Determine the emissivity of surface.
a) 0.2 b) 0.45 c) 0.83 d) 0.67
9. Which of the following is a case of steady-state heat transfer?
a) IC Engine b) Air Preheater
c) Heating of building in winter d) Large furnace
10. Laminar sub-layer acts as
a) An insulating medium b) Good conductor of heat
c) Refractory substance d) Heat absorber
11. The steady state heat conduction equation in radial direction in spherical
coordinates in absence of any heat source is given by
1 d  dT  1 dT
a) r =0 b) =0
r dr  dr  r 2 dr
1 d  2 dT  1 d  2 dT 
c) r =0 d) r =0
r dr  dr 
2
r dr  dr 
12. In a laminar developing flow through a pipe with constant wall temperature, the
magnitude of the pipe wall inner surface convective heat transfer coefficient
shall be maximum at the:
a) Middle length of flow b) Beginning of flow
c) End of flow d) None of the above
13. If 5 radiation shields are placed between two parallel plates, the rate of
radiation heat transfer is reduced to:
[ε = 1 for all surfaces]
a) ¼ times b) 1/5 times c) 1/6 times d) 1/10 times
14. Consider the following statements regarding Heat conduction equation in
Cartesian coordinate system,
1) At steady state without internal heat generation and constant thermal
conductivity, conduction equation takes form of a poisson equation.
2) At steady state with internal heat generation and constant thermal
conductivity, conduction equation takes form of a laplace equation.
3) At unsteady state without internal heat generation and constant thermal
conductivity, conduction equation takes form of a diffusion equation.
a) 1 and 2 b) 1 and 3 c) 3 d) 1, 2 and 3
15. In a counterflow heat exchanger, hot gases enter the system at 200°C and leave
at 80°C, the temperature of the outside air entering the unit is 35°C. Its
temperature at the exit 90°C, the heat exchanger has an effectiveness of
a) 0.81 b) 0.84 c) 0.73 d) 0.75
16. For a hydrodynamically and thermally fully developed laminar flow through a
circular pipe of constant cross-section, the Nusselt number at constant wall heat
flux (Nuq) and that at constant wall temperature (NuT) are related as
a) Nuq > NuT b) Nuq = NuT c) Nuq < NuT d) Nuq = (NuT)2
17. The product of Grashoff number and Prandtl number is termed as _____.
a) Reynolds number b) Peclet number
c) Fourier number d) Rayleigh number
18. Ratio of convective mass transfer to the mass diffusion rate is called?
a) Sherwood number b) Schmidt number
c) Rayleigh number d) Strouhal number
20. The typical range of Prandtl number for water is
a) 0.004 – 0.300 b) 1.7 – 13.7
c) 50.500 d) 2000 – 1000
21. Analogy between momentum and heat transfer is known as
a) Stanton-Prandtl analogy b) Grassoff-Meyer analogy
c) Chilton-Colburn analogy d) None of the above
22. A fluid having a density of 1g/cc is in a state with Grashoff number 2 × 106 and
Prandtl number 0.7. Assuming acceleration due to gravity as 10 m/s2, calculate
the Rayleigh number?
a) 1.4 × 106 b) 2.86 × 106 c) 3.7 × 105 d) 8.4 × 106
23. A cold liquid enters a counter flow heat exchanger at 15 deg at a rate of 8 kg/s.
A hot stream of the same liquid enters the heat exchanger at 75°C at 2 kg/s.
Assuming the specific heat of the fluid 4 kJ/kg°C, determine the maximum heat
transfer rate.
a) 960 kW b) 240 kW c) 1920 kW d) 480 kW
24. The temperature of a surface with 0.2 m2 area is 17°C. Calculate the
wavelength corresponding to maximum monochromatic emissive power
a) 20 micrometers b) 30 micrometers
c) 10 micrometers d) 40 micrometers
25. For a surface, the direct and diffuse components of the solar radiation are 400
and 300 W/m2 and the direct radiation makes 60° angle with the normal. If the
surface temperature is 300 K and effective sky temperature is 200 K, calculate
the net rate of radiation heat transfer. (Assume solar absorptivity and emissivity
as 0.1 each; For calculation Take Stefan Boltzmann’s constant as 6 × 10-8
W/m2.K4)
a) 11 W/m2 b) 45 W/m2 c) 33 W/m2 d) 64 W/m2
26. The external surface of a wall of 3m height, 5m width and 0.5m thickness is at
a temperature of 2°C. If a heat loss of 150 W from the room is measured across
the wall, find the inner wall temperature?
The thermal conductivity of wall material can be taken as 1 W/m.K
a) 280 K b) 285 K c) 268 K d) 282 K
27. For the calculation of the shape factor
a) There should not be any intervening reflections between the surfaces.
b) There should be at least one intervening reflection between the surfaces.
c) Reflections do not affect the shape factor.
d) None of the above.
28. The NTU of a heat exchanger is an index of its
a) Number of tubes b) Number of passes
c) Mode of operation d) Performance
29. Which of the following has least conductivity?
a) Air b) Water c) Plastic d) Rubber
30. The ratio of thermal diffusivity to mass diffusivity is known as
a) Schmidt number b) Sherwood number
c) Lewis number d) Stanton number
31. The overall heat transfer coefficient for a heat exchanger is the
a) Sum of all conductance b) Sum of all resistances
c) Sum of all convective coefficients
d) Sum of thermal conductivities of all surfaces
32. If one of the two fluids flowing through a heat exchanger of NTU = 2 remains
at constant temperature throughout the exchanger length, the effectiveness of
the heat exchanger will be

-4 -2 1 − e −2 1 − e2
a) 1 – e b) 1 – e c) d)
2 2
33. Which of the following is NOT an application of condensation process?
a) Breath vapour in winters b) Falling of rainwater
c) Formation of dew on leaves d) Melting of ice cubes
34. Conduction will not occur when bodies are
a) At same temperature b) Kept in vacuum
c) Immersed in water d) kept in still air
35. Sun’s surface at 6400 K emits radiation at a wavelength of 0.75 μ. A furnace at
327°C will emit through a small opening, radiation at a wavelength of nearly:
a) 12 μ b) 8 μ c) 0.25 μ d) 0.025 μ
36. For the circular tube of equal length and diameter shown in figure below, the
view factor F13 = 0.17. The view factor F21 in this case will be

a) 0.17 b) 0.21 c) 0.83 d) 0.79

37. Heat is conducted through a 10 cm thick wall at rate of 30 W/m2. When the
temperature difference across wall is 10°C. What is the thermal conductivity of
wall?
a) 0.03 W/mK b) 0.3 W/mK c) 3 W/mk d) 30 W/mK
38. The unit of Stefan Boltzmann constant is
a) Watt/cm2K b) Watt/cm4K c) Watt/cmK4 d) Watt/cm2K4
39. In a furnace, the wall thickness is 60 cm and is 100 cm wide by 150 height
made of material with thermal conductivity 0.4 W/mK. The temperature inside
and outside are 1000°C and 4°C respectively. The thermal resistance is
a) 1 K/W b) 2 K/W c) 18 K/W d) 15 K/W
40. The rate of heat flow through a composite wall of three layers of thickness 0.3
m, 0.2 m, 0.15 m and of corresponding thermal conductivities 1.2, 0.8 and 0.6
kJ/hr-m°C is 1280 kJ/hr. If the surface area normal to the direction of heat flow
is 1 sq.mtr. and inner surface temperature is 1000°C, then the interface
temperature at the end of first layer will be
a) 700°C b) 680°C c) 500°C d) 360°C
41. A 100 W electric bulb was switched on in a 2.5 m × 3m × 3 m size thermally
insulated room having temperature of 20°C. The room temperature at the end
of 24 hrs. will be
a) 100°C b) 470°C c) 370°C d) 600°C
Consider density and specific heat of air as 1.2 kg/m3 and 0.718 kW/°C/kg
42. A solar energy based heat engine which receives 80 kJ of heat at 100°C and
rejects 70 kJ of heat to the ambient at 30°C is to be designed. The thermal
efficiency of heat engine is
a) 70% b) 18.8% c) 12.5% d) cannot be calculated
43. In a Counter flow heat exchanger design, fluid rates and specific heats were
chosen in such a manner that heat capacities of both the fluids are same. A hot
fluid enters at 100°C and leaves at 60°C. The cold fluid enters heat exchanger
at 40°C. The mean temperature difference between the two fluids is
a) 40°C b) 60°C c) 20°C d) 36.6°C
44. In a condenser of a power plant, the steam condenses at temperature of 60°C.
The cooling water enters at 30°C and leaves at 45°C. The logarithmic mean
temperature difference will be around
a) 20°C b) 80°C c) 200°C d) 5°C
45. For a glass plate, transitivity and reflectivity are specified as 0.86 and 0.08
respectively, the absorptivity of the glass plate is
a) 0.86 b) 0.06 c) 0.08 d) 1.00
46. A composite slab has two layers of different materials with thermal
conductivities k1 and k2. If each layer has same thickness, then the equivalent
thermal conductivity will be:
2k1k 2 (k1 + k 2 )
a) k1k2 b) k1 + k2 c) d)
(k1 + k 2 ) k1k 2
47. The ratio of heat flow Q1/Q2 from two walls of same thickness having their
thermal conductivities as K1 = 2K2 will be:
a) 1 b) 1/2 c) 3/4 d) 2
48. If thermal conductivity of a material of wall varies as k0(1 - αT), the
temperature at the center of the wall will be (α is +ve)
a) Depends on other factors.
b) More than in case of constant thermal conductivity
c) Less than that in case of constant thermal conductivity
d) None of the above.
49. The spectral emissive E1 for a diffusely emitting surface is E1 = o for λ < 3 μm;
E1 = 150 W/m2 μm for 3 < λ < 12 μm; E1 = 300 W/m2 μm for 12 < λ < 25 μm;
E1 = 0 for λ > 25 μm. The total emissive power of the surface over the entire
spectrum is
a) 1250 W/m2 b) 2500 W/m2 c) 400 W/m2 d) 5250 W/m2
50. A sphere, a cube and a disc all of the same material, quality and volume are
heated to 900 K and left in air. Which of these have the lowest rate of cooling
a) Cube b) Disc c) Sphere
d) All will have the same rate of cooling
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76. Consider the development of laminar boundary layer for a
moving non-reacting fluid in contact with a flat plate of
length ‘L’ along the flow direction. The average value of
heat transfer coefficient can be obtained by multiplying the
local heat transfer coefficient at the trailing edge by the
factor:
(a)0.75
(b) 1.0
(c) 1.5
(d) 2.0
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