Missouri State University - Fall 2021

Art history 263, Chapter 3 Essay

Professor Frederick, Section 4

April 12, 2021

Then, as in many cases today, faculty who teach in women's studies often hold faculty

appointments in other departments on campus. For instance, The first scholarly journal in

interdisciplinary women's studies, Feminist Studies, began publishing in 1972.

Class Date: 1/8/2024

Instructor’s Note: Good work on referencing historical context.

GENERIC CONTENT:

## Analysis

The National Women's Studies Association (of the United States) was established in 1977.

In 1977, there were 276 women's studies programs nationwide in the United States. The

number of programs increased in the following decade, growing up to 530 programs in

1989, which included the program at the University of Puerto Rico founded by Margarita

Benítez in 1986. Around the 1980s, universities in the U.S. saw the growth and development

of women's studies courses and programs across the country while the field continued to

grapple with backlash from both conservative groups and concerns from those within the
women's movement about the white, existentialist, and heterosexual privilege of those in

the academy. In Canada The first few university courses in Women's Studies were taught in

the early 1970s.

## Discussion (List)

- In 1984 the federal government established five regional endowed chairs in Women's

Studies for each region of the country at:

Simon Fraser University (British Columbia),

University of Winnipeg and University of Manitoba (Prairies, joint chair)

Carleton University and the University of Ottawa (Ontario, joint chair),

Université Laval (Quebec), and

Mount St Vincent University (Atlantic Canada).

- Around the same time, women academics in Latin America began to form women's studies

groups.

- : 17 The first chair of women's studies in Mexico was created in the political and social

sciences faculty of the National Autonomous University of Mexico in 1970.

- Starting in 1979, the Grupo Autónomo de Mujeres Universitarias (GAMU, Autonomous

Group of University Women), which included both Mexican faculty and students began

meeting periodically to discuss how feminism could be introduced to various campuses

across the country.

## Findings
In 1982, a women's studies program was created at the Universidad Autónoma

Metropolitana-Xochimilco. Similarly in 1983, activists in the Mexican feminist movement,

including Lourdes Arizpe, Flora Botton, and Elena Urrutia, founded the Programa

Interdisciplinario de Estudios de la Mujer (PIEG, Interdisciplinary Women's Studies

Program) at El Colegio de México in Mexico City.

## Background

In 1984, academics formed the Centro de Estudios de la Mujer (Center for Women's

Studies) in the psychology faculty at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. The

field was formalized with the creation of the Programa Universitario de Estudios de Género

(PUEG, University Program on Gender Studies) in 1992, at the urging of academics like

Gloria Careaga, Teresita de Barbieri, Graciela Hierro, Araceli Mingo, Lorenia Parada, and

Alicia Elena Pérez Duarte.

## Conclusion

Activists and researchers in Chile began meeting in 1978 with creation of the Círculo de la

Mujer (Women's Circle). In 1984, they founded the Centro de Estudios de la Mujer (CEM,

Center for Women's Studies) in Santiago to facilitate multi-disciplinary studies on women

and gender. That same year, Virginia Vargas began teaching women's studies in Peru, and

the following year, she along with Virginia Guzmán Barcos and others, founded the Flora

Tristán Peruvian Women's Center. : 288 The center provided a research facility for women

scholars and provided publishing for their works. : 289 From the early 1980s, women like

Juanita Barreto Gama, Guiomar Dueñas Vargas, Florence Thomas, Magdalena León Gómez,
María Martínez, Donny Meertens, Yolanda Puyana Villamizar, María Himelda Ramírez and

Ana Rico de Alonso worked to create an interdisciplinary field of feminist study in

Colombia.

## Analysis

: 17 First they met informally, then were able to gain official recognition in 1985 as the

Grupo de Estudios Mujer y Sociedad (Women & Society Study Group) and finally in 1994,

they launched the Programa de Estudios de Género, Mujer y Desarrollo (PGMD, Gender,

Women and Development Studies Program) in the Human Sciences Department at the

National University of Colombia. : 17

In 1985, activists in Argentina launched the "Introduction to Women's Studies" and a post-

graduate seminar, "La construcción social del género sexual" (The Social Construction of

Sexual Gender) at the University of Buenos Aires. In 1987, María Fernández became the

chair of UBA's degree program in women's studies. In 1992, the Area Interdisciplinaria de

Estudios de la Mujer (AIEM, Interdisciplinary Area of Women's Studies), which became the

Instituto Interdisciplinario de Estudios de Género (Interdisciplinary Institute of Gender

Studies) in 1997, was founded at UBA linking academics from the faculties of Arts,

Anthropology, Classics and Letters, Education, History, Languages, and Philosophy to

encourage broader research and analysis of women in these fields. Hilda Habichayn

founded the Centro de Estudios Históricos sobre las Mujeres (Center for Historical Studies

on Women), which began in 1993 to offer the first master's degree in women's studies in

Latin America.

## Discussion (List)
- The first women's study program in Paraguay was the Centro Paraguayo de estudios de la

Mujer (Paraguayan Center of Women's Studies) at the Universidad Católica "Nuestra Señora

de la Asunción".

- It was founded in 1983 by Olga Caballero, Manuelita Escobar, Marilyn Godoy and Edy

Irigoitia.

References / Works Cited:

1. Wikipedia (n.d.). Retrieved from https://wikipedia.org/

2. Random Book Title (2022). Academic Publishing House.