Software Engineering (BSc/BCA)

Question Bank
PART A

Unit 1

1. The main challenge in the software engineering problem domain is:

A) Designing systems that will not fail

B) Ensuring software can be easily scaled
C) Managing complex requirements and evolving user needs
D) Developing software without errors

2. Which phase of the software process model focuses on analysing user needs and
requirements?

A) Design phase
B) Planning phase
C) Requirement gathering phase
D) Testing phase

3. The Waterfall model is best suited for:

A) Projects with unclear requirements

B) Projects with well-defined and stable requirements
C) Rapidly changing projects
D) Projects requiring constant feedback and iteration

4. In the Spiral model of software development, what is the main focus?

A) Cost reduction and project speed

B) Risk management and iterative development
C) Continuous testing and validation
D) Detailed documentation and planning

5. What is a significant challenge of using the Waterfall model?

A) It requires frequent changes in requirements

B) It is too flexible and unstructured
C) It does not easily accommodate changes after the project begins
D) It emphasizes too much on customer feedback

6. In the Spiral model, each phase includes.

A) Only planning and design

B) Planning, risk analysis, engineering, and evaluation
C) Design and development followed by final testing
D) Design followed by direct delivery of the software
7. The term "software process" refers to

A) A step-by-step sequence of activities for creating software

B) The project management tasks associated with software development
C) The flow of information between software tools
D) A methodology for testing software

8. In which software development process model does validation and verification occur
concurrently with development?

A) Waterfall model
B) V-Model
C) Spiral model
D) Incremental model

9. In the context of software engineering, "maintainability" refers to:

A) The software’s ability to be easily updated and fixed

B) The time required to develop the software
C) The ability of the software to be marketed successfully
D) The software’s performance and efficiency

10. Which of the following is NOT typically part of a software development process model?

A) Requirements gathering
B) Design and implementation
C) Marketing and sales
D) Testing and maintenance

11. What is the main objective of the software process?

A) To develop software quickly

B) To provide a framework for managing software development activities
C) To create software with the lowest cost
D) To reduce the size of the software

12. The Waterfall model of software development follows which type of approach?

A) Iterative and incremental

B) Sequential and linear
C) Parallel development
D) Prototyping

13. In which model is the development process divided into small, manageable iterations?

A) Waterfall model
B) V-Model
C) Agile model
D) Spiral model

14. Which of the following is a characteristic of the V-Model in software development?

A) It focuses on iterative development with frequent releases

B) It emphasizes validation and verification during development
C) It uses feedback to continuously improve the software
D) It has no phases for testing

15. Which software development model is based on prototyping and allows for continuous
feedback?

A) Agile model
B) Waterfall model
C) Prototyping model
D) Spiral model

PART B

1. What is prime objective of Software Engineering?

2. List out two challenges in Software Engineering?
3. Define Software process. State its features.
4. What are the limitations of waterfall model?
5. What is the basic aim of Problem Analysis?
6. List the advantages of good coding.
7. What is KLOC?
8. What is ETVX?

PART C

1. Elaborate the Challenges in Software Engineering?

2. Write on characteristic of software process
3. Why software is expensive? Justify.
4. Elaborate iterative software development process model
5. Explain waterfall model of software development process
6. State the objectives of software testing.
7. Elaborate prototyping software development process model
8. Write a notes on SDLC.(Software Development Life cycle).
9. Draw a picture to illustrate the problem domain in Software Development.
10. What does requirement analysis of Software problem solving do?

PART C

1. With suitable diagram explain the various software development process models.
2. Compare the Water fall model and Prototyping models.
3. Describe the Software Engineering Approach each phase in detail.
4. What is software testing? Explain the various stages in Software testing.
5. Explain the following : (i) Waterfall model. (ii) Spiral model.
Unit 2

Part A

1. What is the primary purpose of software requirements?

A) To define the system’s architecture

B) To outline the hardware specifications
C) To describe the functionality that the software must provide
D) To specify the marketing strategy

2. In requirement analysis, the primary goal is to:

A) Design the software’s user interface

B) Understand and document what the software should do
C) Write the code for the software
D) Conduct software testing

3. What does requirement specification involve?

A) Gathering the hardware specifications

B) Describing the detailed functionality of the system
C) Coding the software
D) Testing the software after development

4. What is the main objective of use case validation?

A) To verify that the software is bug-free

B) To ensure that the use case accurately represents the user’s needs and goals
C) To create detailed database schema
D) To validate the software’s user interface

5. What is the purpose of software validation?

A) To ensure the software is working as intended and meets the requirements

B) To optimize the software’s performance
C) To identify potential hardware requirements
D) To reduce the software’s code size

6. Which of the following is a software metric used to evaluate software quantity?

A) Lines of code
B) The number of use cases
C) The amount of documentation produced
D) The speed of the user interface

7. Software architecture provides a blueprint for

A) Coding the software

B) Defining the system’s interactions and components
C) Managing the software’s marketing
D) Writing the documentation
8. Which of the following best describes the role of software architecture?

A) It defines how the software is organized and how components interact with each other
B) It focuses only on the database schema
C) It writes the code for each software component
D) It provides a detailed user interface design

9. The component-and-connector view of software architecture primarily describes

A) The data flow between different components of the system

B) How the software’s user interface is structured
C) The hardware requirements of the system
D) The coding standards to be followed by developers

10. In the context of software architecture, "components" refer to

A) The physical machines on which the system runs

B) The individual units or modules that make up the system
C) The users who interact with the system
D) The different versions of the software

11. In software architecture, "connectors" refer to

A) The programming language used for development

B) The communication mechanisms that enable components to interact
C) The tools used to create user interfaces
D) The hardware used to host the system

12. What is the primary purpose of defining software quality metrics?

A) To help the team design the user interface

B) To measure the quality, performance, and maintainability of the software
C) To create a detailed codebase
D) To gather customer feedback

13. What is the main goal of software testing?

A) To create detailed user documentation

B) To ensure the software meets requirements and works as expected
C) To develop the software quickly
D) To reduce the size of the software code

14. Which of the following is NOT a phase of the software development life cycle?

A) Requirements analysis
B) Design
C) Marketing
D) Testing

15. Which of the following is NOT one of the common architecture views?

A) Module view
B) Component and connector view
C) Allocation view
D) Testing view
Part B

1. What is the goal of requirements process?

2. Differentiate DFD and Flow chart.
3. List the characteristics of SRS.
4. Why validation of SRS Document is needed
5. What are the three types of architectural views?
6. Draw some example for components software architecture components
7. What is the relationship between C&C view and Module view ?
8. Why SRS is need for a development project?
9. What is software metrics?
10. How software quality is improved? Justify.
11. What are Connectors?
Part B
1. What are the Different Architecture views ?explain .
2. Justify the need of s/w architecture.
3. Describe the Role of software architecture.
4. List the characteristics of SRS?

5. Why SRS is need?

6. Write on requirement process?
7. Compare DFD and Data Dictionary.
8. Draw the Class diagram to maintain a Medical shop.
9. Draw a DFD Diagram for Bank Enterprises .
10. What are minimum features are required to be present in a good SRS?
11. What is Metrics? State the objectives of software metrics.
Part C

1. A Restaurant is being run manually it is to be computerized for better management and

customer satisfaction. perform the following tasks
a) Draw DFD of existing restaurant system
b) Draw DFD for the new restaurant system
c) Class diagram for new restaurant automation.

2. Given a detail account of component and connector view of software architecture.

3. What is metrics ? Explain the differences between Quantity and Quality metrics.
4. Why software Architecture is important in a software process? List the uses of Software
Architecture.
5. What is meant by Software Validation? Explain.
Unit 3:

Part A

1. What is the primary goal of software process planning?

A) To define the project's goals

B) To schedule resources for each task
C) To set guidelines and strategies for developing software
D) To prepare marketing materials for the software

2. Effort estimation in software engineering is primarily concerned with

A) Identifying project deadlines

B) Estimating the time and resources needed for project completion
C) Analyzing the code quality
D) Setting up the development environment

3. What is the main purpose of project scheduling?

A) To manage team communication

B) To allocate resources and time for project activities
C) To estimate project cost
D) To test the software product

4. A Quality Plan in software engineering primarily focuses on

A) Setting the project timeline

B) Defining the processes to ensure software meets required quality standards
C) Estimating project costs
D) Assigning project team members

5. A Project Monitoring Plan is used to:

A) Track the progress and performance of the software project

B) Define the project’s code structure
C) Identify potential risk factors
D) Estimate the cost of the project

6. PDL (Program Design Language) is used for:

A) Documenting the software requirements

B) Writing detailed pseudocode to design the system
C) Implementing the actual code
D) Writing high-level design specifications

7. Which of the following is an example of a software Quality metric used to evaluate

performance?

A) Lines of code
B) Number of functions
C) Response time
D) Team members’ feedback
8. Which of the following is NOT part of a Quality Plan in software development?

A) Testing procedures
B) Performance requirements
C) Project cost estimation
D) Quality assurance processes

9. A risk management plan in software development primarily includes:

A) A list of possible risks and their mitigation strategies

B) A list of project deadlines
C) A design for the user interface
D) A list of team members

10. Detailed Design focuses on

A) High-level system architecture

B) Identifying and mitigating risks
C) Developing specific components, modules, and interfaces
D) Estimating project cost

11. A software project’s verification process ensures that the system

A) Is delivered within budget

B) Performs efficiently
C) Meets the specified requirements
D) Has no errors

12. Which metric is commonly used to evaluate the complexity of a software project?

A) Lines of code
B) Cyclomatic complexity
C) Function points
D) Code churn

13. What is the purpose of the software project’s effort estimation?

A) To predict the time and cost required for software development

B) To develop the software’s user interface
C) To allocate tasks to the team members
D) To measure the quality of the software

14. Which of the following is NOT a software metric for project monitoring?

A) Velocity
B) Cost per defect
C) Lines of code
D) Number of project managers

15. What is the role of verification in software testing?

A) To ensure the software works correctly

B) To ensure the software meets the requirements
C) To ensure the system is properly documented
D) To test the system’s performance.

PART B

1. Write the goal of software project planning

2. Justify why process planning should be done
3. What the basic steps in COCOMO effort estimation model
4. What is PDL ?
5. What is the goal of detailed design?
6. Draw a tree structure of Risk management activities.
7. Give guidelines for risk prioritization
8. Differentiate UML and PDL?
PART C

1. Explain software metrics for detailed design.

2. Explain PDL with an example to add a given set of numbers
3. What are limitations of cost estimation models
4. Draw a table of some 5 risk items and mitigation techniques for resolving them.
5. What are the merits and demerits of PDL?
6. Justify that why Verification process should be done on software development.
7. Give guidelines for risk prioritization
8. Write a short notes on quality plan.

PART D:

1. What is meant by Software Verification? Explain.

2. Give a detail account of COCOMO effort estimation model

3. Use the following table to compute the final estimate effort E using COCOMO model for
a S/w project having 3.0 KLOC.

System a b Data Size

Organic 3.2 1.05
Data Entry 0.6 KLOC
Semidetached 3.0 1.12
Data Update 0.6 KLOC
Embebbed 2.8 1.2 Query 0.8 KLOC
Report 1.0 KLOC
Total 3.0 KLOC

4. List the major risks and risk mitigation strategy for resolving them.
5. Write a PDL description to find the greatest number of given set of numbers.
Unit 4

1. The process of dividing a software system into smaller, manageable parts is known as:

A) Coupling
B) Cohesion
C) Modularity
D) Encapsulation

2. What is a "module" in the context of software design?

A) A function or a block of code that performs a specific task

B) A class or object that stores data
C) A hardware component used in software development
D) A user interface screen

3. Which design notation is commonly used to represent system architecture and behavior in a
graphical format?

A) Flowchart
B) Pseudocode
C) Unified Modeling Language (UML)
D) BNF notation

4. What is the goal of "modularization" in software design?

A) To create software that can be quickly developed

B) To divide the software system into smaller, manageable pieces for easier maintenance
C) To minimize the number of functions used
D) To reduce the number of users interacting with the system

5. The main purpose of verification in software design is to

A) Ensure that the design is correct and meets the requirements

B) Identify potential bugs in the code
C) Test the software's performance
D) Create user documentation

6. The "Object-Oriented" (OO) design approach primarily focuses on

A) Modularizing code through functional decomposition

B) Defining classes, objects, and their interactions
C) Avoiding abstraction in code
D) Designing user interfaces only

7. In Object-Oriented Design, "encapsulation" refers to:

A) The ability of an object to inherit properties and behaviors from another object
B) The process of combining data and methods into a single unit (object)
C) The creation of relationships between multiple objects
D) Defining objects without any data members
8. Which of the following best describes "inheritance" in object-oriented design?

A) Creating a new object by combining two existing objects

B) Making an object visible to other objects
C) Allowing a new class to inherit properties and behaviors from an existing class
D) Changing the behavior of an existing object dynamically

9. What is the role of "polymorphism" in object-oriented design?

A) To combine objects into one larger object

B) To allow different objects to respond to the same method in different ways
C) To limit access to an object’s properties
D) To define the relationships between objects

10. The "Use Case Diagram" in UML is used to

A) Describe the internal structure of a class

B) Represent interactions between the system and external entities
C) Show the sequence of operations within a system
D) Model the system’s database structure

11. In Object-Oriented Design, "abstraction" refers to

A) The process of making the object data inaccessible to other objects

B) Hiding the complex implementation details and showing only essential features
C) Combining several methods into one
D) Limiting the number of classes in the system

12. Which of the following is NOT typically a goal of software design?

A) Ensuring the software meets user needs

B) Defining a system architecture
C) Writing unit tests for the software
D) Organizing the system into smaller, maintainable parts

13. Which of the following best describes "coupling" in software design?

A) The degree to which elements within a module are related

B) The degree of dependence between different modules
C) The complexity of the software code
D) The number of classes in the system

14. What is the key purpose of design metrics?

A) To measure the execution time of the software

B) To evaluate the quality of the design and identify areas for improvement
C) To define the system's architecture
D) To write user documentation

15. What is the role of design in software development?

A) To translate requirements into a solution that can be implemented

B) To write the actual code
C) To test the system
D) To gather user feedback

PART B

1. How does a function oriented system design differ from object oriented system
design?
2. What is module?
3. Justify the need for system design
4. What are the advantages of object oriented system design
5. Draw a diagram to illustrate relationship between OOA and OOD
6. List out the steps in design methodology for producing an OOD.
7. Why are private parts of super class generally not made accessible to subclasses?
8. What is the relationship between object and classes?
9. Define coupling
10. Define Cohesion

PART C

1. List the Advantages of structured function oriented design of a system

2. List out the steps in design methodology for producing an OOD.
3. Differentiate function oriented design and object oriented design
4. Draw a diagram to illustrate relationship between OOA and OOD.
5. What are the advantages of object oriented system design
6. With neat sketch explain the 5 types of Inheritance.
7. What is encapsulation? explain
8. Describe the structure of Class and objects.
9. What is meant by modularity.
10. Write how objects are related among themselves

PART D

1. Discuss in detail about Objected oriented Design concept (OOD).

2. Explain in detail about OOA (Object oriented Analysis) concepts with special reference
of Class and objects.
3. Why Encapsulation is used in object oriented design.
4. Justify modularization criteria for modules in function oriented system design
5. Explain the Objected oriented design concepts with special reference to
Classes , Objects, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism.
6. What is inheritance? explain the 5 types of Inheritance.
7. Differentiate the function oriented design and OOD.
Unit 5:

1. Which of the following is a primary goal of programming principles and guidelines?

A) To reduce the overall size of the software

B) To enhance the readability and maintainability of the code
C) To increase the number of features in the software
D) To write the software as quickly as possible

2. Which of the following best describes the concept of "coding standards"?

A) Guidelines for how to manage software development teams

B) A set of rules or guidelines that developers follow when writing code
C) The number of lines of code written
D) The programming languages to be used

3. The purpose of refactoring in software development is to

A) Add new features to the software

B) Improve the internal structure of the code without changing its external behaviour
C) Increase the size of the codebase
D) Test the software after each update

4. What does verification in software development ensure?

A) The software has no bugs

B) The software meets its specified requirements
C) The software is optimized for performance
D) The software is free of errors

5. Which of the following is an example of a software metric used to evaluate software quality?

A) Number of test cases

B) Lines of code
C) Function points
D) Response time

6. Black box testing focuses on

A) The internal structure of the code

B) The system's behaviour and functionality from the user’s perspective
C) Optimizing code performance
D) Identifying memory leaks in the system

7. In white box testing, the tester

A) Tests the functionality of the system without knowledge of the code

B) Only focuses on the system’s user interface
C) Has access to the source code and tests the internal structure of the application
D) Uses external test tools to verify performance

8. Which of the following is a key difference between black box testing and white box testing?

A) Black box testing focuses on the internal code structure, while white box testing tests the
external behavior.
B) Black box testing does not require knowledge of the system’s code, while white box
testing requires detailed knowledge of the code.
C) White box testing is performed by end-users, while black box testing is performed by
developers.
D) Black box testing is cheaper than white box testing.

9. The purpose of unit testing is to

A) Test the entire system

B) Test individual components or functions of the software
C) Test the user interface
D) Test the interaction between different software systems

10. Which of the following is the correct sequence of testing levels?

A) Integration testing → Unit testing → System testing → Acceptance testing

B) Unit testing → Integration testing → System testing → Acceptance testing
C) System testing → Acceptance testing → Unit testing → Integration testing
D) Integration testing → System testing → Acceptance testing → Unit testing

11. A "defect" in software refers to

A) A situation where the software performs an unintended action

B) An error in the code that causes the software to fail
C) A change made to the software after the initial release
D) The feature set of the software

12. In black box testing, the tester is primarily concerned with

A) The code's structure and internal logic

B) The system’s performance
C) The system's inputs and outputs, without concern for its internal workings
D) The memory usage of the system

13. Which of the following is an example of a non-functional testing type?

A) Usability testing
B) Unit testing
C) Integration testing
D) System testing

14. What is the primary focus of white box testing?

A) Testing the software from the perspective of the end-user

B) Validating the system’s behavior against the user requirements
C) Verifying the internal workings of the application and logic flow
D) Testing only the system's outputs
15. Which of the following best describes the purpose of acceptance testing?

A) To test the system for usability

B) To ensure the system meets the business requirements and is ready for deployment
C) To identify security flaws in the system
D) To test individual functions of the system

PART B

1. What is coding errors?

2. What is software testing.
3. Define Unit testing.
4. Define Integrated testing
5. Define system Testing.
6. Define Acceptance test.
7. List the advantages of coding.
8. Why black box testing is require for software?
9. What is the role of testing ? Mention its types.
10. What is test plan?

PART C

1. Explain the common coding errors committed.

2. Justify how structured programming reduces coding errors.
3. Explain how a program is proved for its correctness.
4. Write on Test cases and Test criteria
5. Draw the State model used in Black box testing for a Student survey system
6. Discuss in detail on the various levels of testing.
7. What are the components of a state model for a system in Black box testing ?
8. List the Test cases and Test criteria
9. Justify how improving methods, classes and class hierarchies can help in Refactoring.
10. Design a check list for code inspection.
PART D

1. Explain some common programming practices that help to write simple and clear code
with less error.
2. Write out coding standards used in programming languages to make the code easier to
read.
3. Write on the processes used by developers during coding.
4. With neat sketch explain black box testing.
5. Explain the role of White box testing
6. Differentiate black box and white box testing.
7. List the various levels of testing and explain each of them.