Sample Paper

General Instructions
(i) The question paper comprises four sections A, B, C, and D. There are
36 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) (Section–A - question no. 1 to 20 - all questions and parts thereof are
of one mark each. These questions contain multiple-choice questions
(MCQs), very short answer questions, and assertion - reason type
questions. Answers to these should be given in one word or one
sentence.
(iii) Section–B - question no. 21 to 26 are short answer type questions,
carrying 2 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the
range of 30 to 50 words.
(iv) Section–C - question no. 27 to 33 are short answer type questions,
carrying 3 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the
range of 50 to 80 words.
(v) Section–D – question no. - 34 to 36 are long answer type questions
carrying 5 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in the
range of 80 to 120 words.
(vi) There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been
provided in some questions. A student has to attempt only one of the
alternatives in such questions.
(vii) Wherever necessary, neat, and properly labelled diagrams should be
drawn.

Section A

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1. The heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particles do not
dissolve and remain suspended throughout the solvent and the solute
particles can be seen with the naked eye is known as:
OR
Which subatomic particle is absent in an ordinary hydrogen atom?
2. In what respect does a true solution differ from a colloidal solution?
3. What is the name of the metal which exists in the liquid state at
room temperature?
A. Mercury
B. Bromine
C. Sodium
D. Potassium
4. After studying the motion of a ball rolling on a straight line as shown
in the figure.

Find its distance and displacement covered.

(i) when it rolls from P to Q and then to R (i.e., P to Q to R)

(ii) Finally comes back to P (i.e., P to P)(take, P as reference point).

5. If the distance-time graph of a particle is parallel to the time axis,

then how much is the velocity of the particle?
6. When a force of 40 N is applied on a body it moves with an acceleration
of 5 m s-2. Calculate the mass of the body.
OR
It is required to increase the velocity of a scooter of mass 80 kg from
5 to 25 m s-1 in 2 second. Calculate the force required.
7. A man is at rest in the middle of a pond on perfectly smooth ice. He
can get himself to the shore by making use of:
A. Newton’s First law
B. Newton’s Second Law
C. Newton’s Third law
D. None of the above
8. Under what conditions a body becomes weightless?
9. Give reason for the following:

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 The potential energy of a freely falling object decreases progressively.
Does this violate the law of conservation of energy? Why?
OR
Give reason for the following:
Pardeep says that the acceleration in an object could be zero even
when several forces are acting on it. Do you agree with him? Why?

10. A cool breeze after a hot day brings all of us considerable relief. This
breeze is actually the moving air. What is the basic process that
causes this movement of air?

A. Pressure difference between the air of two regions

B. Moving leaves of the plants
C. Temperature difference between the two regions
D. Striking of air with the mountains
11. Why is plasma membrane called a selectively permeable membrane?
12. Name the living elements of xylem and phloem.
13. What is an epidemic disease?
14. DIRECTION: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A)
is followed by a statement of the reason (R).
Assertion: The atoms of different elements having the same mass
number but different atomic numbers are known as isobars.
Reason: The sum of protons and neutrons in isobars is always
different.
A. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the
correct explanation of the assertion
B. Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of assertion (A)
C. Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
D. Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true
15. Assertion: Use of fertilizers and pesticides is good for soil.
Reason: It improves the quality of soil
Choose the correct alternative
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B. Both A and R are true, R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false.
D. A is false but R is true

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16. The questions in this segment consists of two statements, one labelled
as "Assertion A" and the other labelled as "Reason R".

Assertion (A): If a light body and a heavy body possess the same
momentum, the lighter body will possess more kinetic energy.

Reason (R): The kinetic energy of a body varies as the square of its
velocity.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

A. Both Assertion and reason are true and the Reason is the correct
explanation of the Assertion.
B. Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct
explanation of the Assertion.
C. Assertion is true but Reason is false.
D. Both Assertion and Reason are false.

17. Read the following and answer any four questions from (a) to (e):

Health means a state of physical, mental and social well-being, it

cannot be something that each one of us can achieve entirely on our
own. The health of all organisms will depend on their surroundings or
their environment. The environment includes the physical
environment. So for example, health is at risk in a cyclone in many
ways. Human beings live in societies. Our social environment,
therefore, is an important factor in our individual health. We live in
villages, towns or cities. In such places, even our physical environment
is decided by our social environment.

(a) In the given passage, it is stated that we alone cannot achieve

good health. What does this mean?

(b) How is our physical environment decided by our social

environment?

(c) Is economy and health inter-related somehow?

(d) Is good health for you the same as that as your grandmother?

(e) What is health?

18. Read the following and answer any four questions from (a) to (e)

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words

(a) The particle which is formed by the gain of electrons by an atom

is called ………….

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 (b) The particle which is formed by the loss of electrons by an atom
is called ………….

(c) The particle which is formed by the loss or gain of electrons by an

atom is called ……….

(d) A potassium ion has a positive charge because it contains less

…………. than ………….

(e) A sulphide ion has a negative charge because it contains less

…………… than

19. Read the following and answer any four questions from (a) to (e)

Write the cations and anions present, if any, in the following:

(a) CH3COONa

(b) NaCl

(c) H2

(d) NH4NO3

(e) O2

20. Read the following and answer any four questions from (a) to (e)

Consider a ball moving on a horizontal table with some speed. Suppose

we do not do anything to the ball, and just watch. We find that its
speed decreases and it stops after some distance. It may appear that
the ball is slowing down although no force is acting on it. However,
this is not true. Although we have not applied any force on the ball,
there are other agencies applying forces on it. The table exerts a force
of friction on the ball, and it is this unbalanced force that is responsible
for the slowing down of the ball. If the table is made smoother, the
force of friction is reduced and the ball moves through a larger
distance. Imagine a situation in which we get rid of friction completely.
Then the ball will continue to move without slowing down till it reaches
the edge of the table and drops off.

(a) Which of Newton’s Laws explain the above phenomena?

A. Newton’s First Law

B. Newton’s Second Law
C. Newton’s Third Law

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 D. None of the above

(b) Why does the ball go on indefinitely without friction?

A. The ball is unable to change its state of motion

B. The ball has infinite energy
C. The ball has high speed
D. All of the above

(c) What is the name given to the ball’s inability to change its state of
motion?

A. Energy
B. Momentum
C. Inertia
D. Mass

(d) Which of these quantities is a measure of the inertia of a body?

A. Mass
B. Gravitational Constant
C. Acceleration
D. None of these

(e) An object is moving at a speed of 5 m/s on a frictionless horizontal

surface. What will be its speed after 5 s if there is no obstruction in its
path?

A. 5 m/s
B. 2 m/s
C. 1 m/s
D. 2.5 m/s

Section B

21. How does the cell wall help the cells to survive in a hypotonic solution?

OR

State in brief three roles of the epidermis in the plant.

22. Do you agree “A cell is a building unit of an organism”. If yes, explain

why.
23. Distinguish between elements and compounds with one example of
each

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 OR

Rainwater stored in a tank contains sand grains, clay particles, calcium

carbonate, salt, pieces of paper and some air bubbles. Select from
amongst these one example each of a solvent, a solute, a colloid and
a suspension.

24. (a) Define ‘atomic mass unit’. How is it linked with relative atomic
mass?

(b) How do you know the presence of atoms if they do not exist
independently for most of the elements?

25. A body starts to slide over a horizontal surface with an initial velocity
of 0.5 m/s. Due to friction, its velocity decreases at the rate 0.105
m/s2. How much time will it take for the body to stop?
26. A body of mass 500 g is at rest on a frictionless surface. Calculate the
distance travelled by it in 10 second when acted upon by a force of 10 -
2 N

Section C

27. Which cycle is known as the perfect cycle in the biosphere? Why?

OR

If you go to the hospital to meet your friend suffering from malaria,

what are the chances of malaria spreading to you and your friends?

28. What are the effects of air pollution on human beings?

29. Write the differences between diffusion and osmosis.
30. (a) A stone thrown vertically upwards takes 3 seconds to attain
maximum height, calculate

(i) initial velocity of stone

(ii) maximum height attained by the stone

(b) Why is the weight of a body zero at the centre of earth?

(b) When you're at the centre of the earth, you'd have equal amounts
of gravitational force pulling you in all directions from the mass of the
earth evenly distributed around you. Thus, the net gravitational force
would be zero. This is also known as your weight. Additionally,

31. A solution contains 60 g of sugar in 480 g of water. Calculate the

concentration of the solution in terms of mass by mass percentage of
the solution.

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32. An element ‘Z’ forms the following compound when it reacts with
hydrogen, chlorine, oxygen and phosphorus.

ZH3, ZCl3, Z2O3 and ZP

(a) What is the valency of element ‘Z’?
(b) Element ‘Z’ is metal or non-metal?

33. (a) What will be the effect of temperature on speed of sound?

(b) A man standing in front of a vertical cliff fires a gun. He hears the
echo after 4 seconds. On moving closer to the cliff by 84 m, he hears
the echo after 3.5 seconds. Calculate the distance of the cliff from the
initial position of the man.

Section D
34. Distinguish between compounds and mixtures. Give at least five
points.
OR
(i) You are provided with a mixture containing sand, iron filings,
ammonium chloride and sodium chloride. Describe the procedures
you would use to separate these constituents from the mixture.
(ii) On heating, calcium carbonate gets converted into calcium oxide
and carbon dioxide. (a) Is this a physical or a chemical change?(b)
Can you prepare one acidic and one basic solution by using the
products formed in the above process? If so, write the chemical
equation involved.
35. (a)If you are provided with some vegetables to cook, you generally
add salt into the vegetables. After adding salt, vegetables release
water. Why?
(b) State two types of plastids. Write one function of each.
(c) What is endocytosis? Give one example.
36. (a) A boy, who weighs 40 Kg, ate a wholesome meal that gave him
an energy of 21 KJ. He then decides to climb a tree. If the efficiency
of the boy is 28 % then the height climbed by him is equal to?
(b) Three different objects of masses m1 , m2, and m3 are made to fall
from rest along three frictionless paths, from the same height. What
is the ratio of their speeds to reach the ground?
(c) Give reason for the following :
Can a body have momentum without having energy? Explain

***

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 Hints & Solutions
Section A
1. Answer: Suspension
OR
Answer: Neutron
2. Solution: A true solution is homogeneous whereas a colloidal solution
is a heterogeneous mixture.
3. Solution: A, Mercury
4. Solution:

(i) Distance would be PQ+QR = 12m whereas displacement is path

PR= 8m as displacement is the shortest distance between two
points.

(ii) In this case displacement is zero as the initial and final point is
the same but distance would be PQ+QP= 20m.

5. Solution:

The velocity of the particle will be zero because the distance is constant
and the time is increasing and this will happen only when the particle
is stationary.
6. Solution: We have, for the body:
Force = 40 N
Acceleration = 5 m s-2
From Second law of motion
Force = mass × acceleration
𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 =
𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
40
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 = = 8 𝑘𝑔
5
OR
Here we have been given, for the body:

2
 Mass = 80 kg
Initial velocity, u = 5 m s-1
final velocity, v = 25 m s-1
Time, t = 2 sec
From the second law of motion, we know that the rate of change of
momentum is equal to force applied. Therefore
𝑚(𝑣 − 𝑢) 80(25 − 5)
𝐹= = = 800 𝑁
𝑡 2
7. Answer: C
Solution: When the man pushes the ice backward the ice will give an
equal reaction in the forward direction and thus helps him to reach
the shore. This action reaction law is explained in third law. First law
is also known as law of inertia & second law is known as law of force
and acceleration.
8. Solution: Weight of a body is nothing but the force with which it is
attracted towards the centre of earth.
Force = Mass × Acceleration
W=m×g
Since, we have Force = Weight = W and acceleration is acceleration
due to gravity or g.
A body becomes weightless when g becomes zero and this happens
when acceleration due to gravity becomes zero and thus body becomes
weightless.
Example:
At centre of earth, far away from earth’s surface, freely falling body
9. Solution: According to the law of conservation of energy, Energy can
neither be created nor be destroyed. It can only be transformed from
one form to another. Total energy before and after transformation
remains the same.
So, if the potential energy of a freely falling object decreases
progressively then it is transformed into an equal amount of kinetic
energy and the sum of both energies remains constant all the time.
OR

Yes, I agree with Pardeep. According to newton’s law of motion for a

body

Net force = mass × acceleration

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 Every object on the Earth possesses some mass. So, if the resultant
or net force due to several forces acting on the object is zero then
acceleration of the body will be zero by the above mentioned formula.

10. Answer: C
11. Solution- The plasma membrane is called a selectively permeable
membrane because it allows the entry and exit of certain substances
while restricts the passage of other substances.
12. Solution- Living element of xylem: Xylem parenchyma. Living
elements of phloem: Sieve tubes, companion cells, and phloem
parenchyma.
13. Solution- An epidemic disease is a disease which spreads rapidly and
extensively to many individuals simultaneously in a particular area. It
is generally an infectious disease.
14. Answer: C
15. Answer - d) A is false but R is true
Solution:
Excessive chemicals kill the microbes and earthworms in soil.Hence it
deteriorates the soil quality because these microbes and earthworms
are not present which would otherwise add humus to the soil.

16. Answer: B

Solution: E=p2/2m

For two bodies with the same momentum, KE is inversely proportional

to m. Hence, the assertion is correct

Also, KE = 0.5 × mv2

Thus, the reason is also correct

Although, the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

Hence, option B is the correct answer.

17. Solution

(a) This means that our health is dependent on our physical

environment, good mental state and social harmony.

4
 (b) According to our social environment, which may be clean, well
kept, pollution free, green etc., our physical environment will be
conducive to good health. If there are people in our neighborhood
who do not care about their own surroundings, then even our
health will be affected.

(c) Yes, they both are interrelated as an economically sound person

with a good job will be normally happy, well nourished and
satisfied and this helps in his mental well-being.

(d) For me, good health means being physically fit to be able to play
outdoor sports, study, help around the house etc., while for my
grandmother it means that she should be able to interact with
people around her, talk to neighbors, go to the nearby park or
market on her own, do her own chores herself etc. So good health
for different age groups, different professions would be different.

(e)Health is not merely the absence of diseases. It is a state of

complete physical, mental and social well being. Health of a
person depends upon one's personal habits as well as physical
and social environment.

18. Solution:

(a) Anion is formed by the acceptance/gain of electrons by an atom.

(b) Cation is formed by donating/loss of electrons by an atom.

(c) ion

(d) electrons; protons

(e) protons; electrons

19. Solution

(a) Cation: N+; Anion: CH3COO-

(b) Cation: Na+; Anion Cl-

(c) H2 is a covalent molecule. It has no cation and anion

(d) Cation: ; Anion:

(e) O2 is a covalent molecule. It has no cation and anion

20. Answer: A

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 Solution: According to Newton’s First Law, a body cannot change its
state of motion unless acted upon by an external force.

(b) Answer: A

Solution: According to Newton’s First Law, a body cannot change its

state of motion unless acted upon by an external force.

(c) Answer: C

Solution: Inertia is the inability of an object to change its state of

motion.

(d) Answer: B

Solution: The mass of a body is a direct measure of its inertia.

(e) Answer: A

Solution: The speed of the body will remain constant and be 5 m/s
because no external force is acting on the object.

Section B

21. Solution - When surrounded by a hypotonic solution, the cell takes

up water by endocytosis. The cell swells, building up pressure against
the cell wall. The cell wall exerts equal pressure against the swollen
cell. Because of the wall, the cell can withstand the hypotonic
solution to a great extent.

OR

Solution –

Role of the epidermis in plants:

(i) Protection (ii) Exchange of gases (iii) Absorption (iv) Water

resistance (v) Formation of cork

22. Solution - An organism is made up of various organ systems like digestive

system, nervous system, etc. These organ systems in turn are made up of
various organs which are made up of tissues. Also tissues are a group of cells
performing the same function. Hence, a cell is the building unit of an organism.
Cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism.
23. Solution: An element cannot be broken into simpler or smaller
constituents but a compound can be broken as a result of a chemical
reaction or bypassing electric current (electrochemical reaction). For
example, sodium (element), sodium chloride (compound).

6
 OR

Solution: Solvent – water, Solute – salt

Colloid – air bubbles in rainwater and Suspension – clay particles in

rainwater.

24. Solution: (a) Atomic mass unit (amu) is 1/12 of the mass of one
atom of C-12. The relative atomic mass of the atom of an element is
the average mass of the atom as compared to 1/12th of the mass of
the C-12 atom.

(b) Atoms of most of the elements do not exist independently.

However, they combine in specific numbers to form molecules or ions
which we can feel and know about their presence.

For example,

A molecule of H2SO4 consists of 2 atoms of H + 1 atom of S + 4

atoms of O

A molecule of C12H22O11 consists of 12 atoms of C + 22 atoms of H +

11 atoms of O

Ammonium ion (NH4+) consists of 1 atom of N + 4 atoms of H

25. Solution: Using the first equation of motion

𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡

Where v = 0 m/s, u = 0.5 m/s and a =0 - 0.105 m/s2

Substituting the values

0 = 0.5 − 0.105𝑡
𝑡 = 4.76 𝑠

26. Solution: From second law of motion

𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎

Therefore,

7
 𝑎 = 𝐹/𝑚 = 0.01/0.5 = 0.02 𝑚/𝑠 2

Using the equation

1
𝑆 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
1
𝑠 = 0 × 10 + × 0.02 × 100 = 1 𝑚
2

Section C

27. Solution - Nitrogen cycle is called a perfect cycle in the biosphere

because it keeps or maintains the overall amount of nitrogen
constant in the atmosphere, soil and water decay causes, Nitrogen
cycle depends upon different kinds of bacteria, the nitrifiers, the
denitrifiers, and the nitrogen fixers. There is a regular circulation of
nitrogen through the air, soil, plants and animals through nitrogen
cycle.

OR

Solution - Malaria is caused by Plasmodium which is carried by the bite

of female Anopheles mosquito. So, it is not spread by the diseased
patient.

28. Solution- Effects of air pollution are: i. Air pollution can have serious
consequences on the health of human beings. Human beings may
suffer from respiratory problems, high blood pressure, renal problems,
eye irritation, problems in the nervous system, etc. ii. Air pollution
causes falling of leaves, reduced growth of plants, degeneration of
chlorophyll, etc. iii. Air pollution leads to acid rain which further
damages soil, plants and buildings, etc.
29. Solution - Differences between diffusion and osmosis

diffusion osmosis

It occurs in any medium It occurs only in liquid medium

This process does not require a This process requires a semi-

semipermeable membrane. permeable membrane.

It involves the movement of It involves the movement of

solid, liquid or gaseous solvent (usually water)
molecules. molecules only.

8
30. Solution: (a) (i)From first equation of motion

𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡

Here, we have at maximum height , final velocity, v = 0 and a = -g,

and time taken = 3 s

0 = 𝑢 − 3𝑔
𝑢 = 3 × 9.8 = 29.4 𝑚/𝑠

(ii) From second equation of motion

1
𝑆 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
1
𝐻 = 29.4 × 3 + × 9.8 × 9
2
𝐻 = 88.2 + 44.1
𝐻 = 132.3 𝑚

(b) When you're at the centre of the earth, you'd have equal amounts
of gravitational force pulling you in all directions from the mass of the
earth evenly distributed around you. Thus, the net gravitational force
would be zero. This is also known as your weight. Additionally,

31. Solution:

32. Solution: (a) The valency of ‘Z’ is 3.

(b) Element ‘Z’ is metal because it is electropositive and is reacting

with non-metals.

33. Solution: (a) The speed of sound increases with the increase of
temperature of the medium. The speed of sound in air increases by
0.61 m/s when the temperature is increased by 1° C. Hence, option
D is the correct answer.

(b) Let the speed of sound be v

Distance of the man from the cliff is d

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 Time taken to hear the echo is 4 s

Velocity of the sound wave to reach the person before he moved

closer

2𝑑
𝑣=
4

Now, after moving closer the distance of man is (d – 84) m

Time elapsed before the man hear the echo again after moving closer
to the cliff is 3.5 s
2(𝑑 − 84)
𝑣=
3.5
The speed of the sound remains the same in either case. Thus,
2𝑑 2(𝑑 − 84)
=
4 3.5
3.5𝑑 = 4𝑑 − 336
0.5𝑑 = 336
𝑑 = 672 𝑚

Section D
34. Solution:

OR
Solution: (i) Removing iron filings from the mixture by magnetic
separation: Take the mixture in a petri dish and roll a bar magnet over
it. Iron filings will get attached to the magnet and thus separate from
the mixture.
Removing ammonium chloride by sublimation: Transfer the remaining
mixture into a China dish and heat it. On heating, ammonium chloride

10
 sublimes and solidifies on cooling. The mixture contains a sand and
sodium chloride left behind in the China dish.
Removing sand by filtration: Make a solution of sand and sodium
chloride in water. Filter the solution. Sodium chloride will dissolve in
water and sand is left as residue on the filter paper.
Evaporate the filtrate to dryness to get sodium chloride or by
crystallisation.
(ii) (a) Chemical change.
(b) Acidic and basic solutions can be prepared by dissolving the
products of the above process in water.
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 (basic solution)
CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 (acidic solution)
35. Solution- (a) When salt is added, a hypotonic medium is created, i.e.,
the concentration of salt molecules is more outside the vegetables
than inside. Hence, due to osmosis, water from the vegetables comes
out.
(b) Chloroplasts and chromoplasts are two types of plastids.
(i)Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and are important for
photosynthesis. (ii)Chromoplasts are coloured plastids which impart
colour to fruits and vegetables.
(c) The flexibility of the cell membrane enables the cell to engulf food
and other materials from its external environment. This process is
called endocytosis. Example: Amoeba engulfs its food by endocytosis.
36. Solution: (a) Mass of the boy = 40 Kg
The efficiency of the boy is 28 %.
Therefore, the total energy utilized by him is 28 % of 21 KJ
0.28 × 21 KJ = 5.88 KJ
Now, according to the conservation of energy,
Loss in energy due to climbing = Gain in potential energy
5.88 𝑘𝐽 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
5.88 × 1000
ℎ= = 14.7 𝑚
40 × 10
(b) If the balls fall through the same height along a frictionless path,
their velocity on reaching the ground will be equal. This is according
to the law of conservation of energy.
If they fall from a point at a height ‘h’ from the ground, the potential
energy at the point is, PE = mgh
The kinetic energy on reaching the ground is, KE = ½ mv2
Since, PE = KE

11
 1
𝑚𝑔ℎ = 𝑚𝑣 2
2
𝑣 = √2𝑔ℎ

The equation is independent of mass.

Then the ratio of speeds would 1:1:1
(a) We know that - momentum = mass × velocity
A body can only possess velocity if it has kinetic energy and if does not
have that energy than velocity = 0, using this value in above
mentioned formula
Momentum = mass × 0
Momentum = 0
So, a body cannot have momentum without having energy.
Sometimes even if a body has energy, its momentum can be zero. For
example: a brick lying on the roof of a building possesses potential
energy but no velocity so momentum will be zero.

***

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