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MATPLOTLIB

The document provides various examples of using Matplotlib for plotting different types of graphs, including line diagrams, scatter plots, bar graphs, histograms, and pie charts. It explains how to customize plots with markers, colors, labels, and legends. Additionally, it covers advanced features like setting font properties and using color maps.

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Mahesh Kumar
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4 views14 pages

MATPLOTLIB

The document provides various examples of using Matplotlib for plotting different types of graphs, including line diagrams, scatter plots, bar graphs, histograms, and pie charts. It explains how to customize plots with markers, colors, labels, and legends. Additionally, it covers advanced features like setting font properties and using color maps.

Uploaded by

Mahesh Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATPLOTLIB

Draw a line in a diagram from position (1, 3) to (2, 8) then to (6, 1) and
finally to position (8, 10):

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


import numpy as np

xpoints = np.array([1, 2, 6, 8])


ypoints = np.array([3, 8, 1, 10])

plt.plot(xpoints, ypoints)
plt.show()
Draw a line diagram to plot from (1, 3) to (8, 10), we have to pass two
arrays [1, 8] and [3, 10] to the plot function.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


import numpy as np
xpoints = np.array([1, 8])
ypoints = np.array([3, 10])
plt.plot(xpoints, ypoints)
plt.show()

Markers

Draw a line diagram with marker to plot from (1, 3) to (8, 10), we have to
pass two arrays [1, 8] and [3, 10] to the plot function.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


import numpy as np
ypoints = np.array([3, 8, 1, 10])
plt.plot(ypoints, marker = 'o')
plt.show()
Marker Size
Draw a line diagram with marker size will be 20 to plot from (1, 3) to (8, 10),
we have to pass two arrays [1, 8] and [3, 10] to the plot function.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


import numpy as np
ypoints = np.array([3, 8, 1, 10])
plt.plot(ypoints, marker = 'o', ms = 20)
plt.show()
Marker Color
Draw a line diagram with marker size will be 20 with marker colour red to
plot from (1, 3) to (8, 10), we have to pass two arrays [1, 8] and [3, 10] to
the plot function.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


import numpy as np
ypoints = np.array([3, 8, 1, 10])
plt.plot(ypoints, marker = 'o', ms = 20, mec = 'r')
####plt.plot(ypoints, marker = 'o', ms = 20, mec = '#4CAF50', mfc
= '#4CAF50')
###plt.plot(ypoints, marker = 'o', ms = 20, mec = 'hotpink', mfc
= 'hotpink')
plt.show()
Create Labels for a Plot
With Pyplot, you can use the xlabel() and ylabel() functions to set a label
for the x- and y-axis.

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.array([80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125])
y = np.array([240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330])
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.title("Sports Watch Data")
plt.xlabel("Average Pulse")
plt.ylabel("Calorie Burnage")
plt.show()
Set Font Properties for Title and Labels
You can use the fontdict parameter in xlabel(), ylabel(), and title() to set font
properties for the title and labels.

Example

Set font properties for the title and labels:

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = np.array([80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125])

y = np.array([240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330])

font1 = {'family':'serif','color':'blue','size':20}

font2 = {'family':'serif','color':'darkred','size':15}

plt.title("Sports Watch Data", fontdict = font1)


plt.xlabel("Average Pulse", fontdict = font2)

plt.ylabel("Calorie Burnage", fontdict = font2)

plt.plot(x, y)

plt.show()

Matplotlib Scatter
With Pyplot, you can use the scatter() function to draw a scatter plot.

The scatter() function plots one dot for each observation. It needs two arrays
of the same length, one for the values of the x-axis, and one for values on
the y-axis:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.array([5,7,8,7,2,17,2,9,4,11,12,9,6])
y = np.array([99,86,87,88,111,86,103,87,94,78,77,85,86])
plt.scatter(x, y)
plt.show()

ColorMap
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.array([5,7,8,7,2,17,2,9,4,11,12,9,6])
y = np.array([99,86,87,88,111,86,103,87,94,78,77,85,86])
colors = np.array([0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100])
plt.scatter(x, y, c=colors, cmap='viridis')
plt.colorbar()
plt.show()

Creating Bars
With Pyplot, you can use the bar() function to draw bar graphs:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


import numpy as np
x = np.array(["A", "B", "C", "D"])
y = np.array([3, 8, 1, 10])
plt.bar(x,y)
plt.show()
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.array(["A", "B", "C", "D"])
y = np.array([3, 8, 1, 10])
plt.bar(x, y, color = "red")
plt.show()

Histogram
A histogram is a graph showing frequency distributions.

It is a graph showing the number of observations within each given interval.

In Matplotlib, we use the hist() function to create histograms.

The hist() function will use an array of numbers to create a histogram, the
array is sent into the function as an argument.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.random.normal(170, 10, 250)
plt.hist(x)
plt.show()

Creating Pie Charts


With Pyplot, you can use the pie() function to draw pie charts:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


import numpy as np
y = np.array([35, 25, 25, 15])
plt.pie(y)
plt.show()
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
y = np.array([35, 25, 25, 15])
mylabels = ["Apples", "Bananas", "Cherries", "Dates"]
plt.pie(y, labels = mylabels)
plt.show()

Explode
The explode parameter, if specified, and not None, must be an array with one
value for each wedge.

Each value represents how far from the center each wedge is displayed:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
y = np.array([35, 25, 25, 15])
mylabels = ["Apples", "Bananas", "Cherries", "Dates"]
myexplode = [0.2, 0, 0, 0]
plt.pie(y, labels = mylabels, explode = myexplode)
plt.show()

Legend
To add a list of explanation for each wedge, use the legend() function:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


import numpy as np

y = np.array([35, 25, 25, 15])


mylabels = ["Apples", "Bananas", "Cherries", "Dates"]
plt.pie(y, labels = mylabels)
plt.legend()
plt.show()

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