STD- X - B,C

LIFE PROCESSES ( CHAPTER-5)

PREVIOUS YEARS’ QUESTIONS ( 7 YEARS’ PYQ)

DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS

NUTRITION
2024
Q1- Name the type of Nutrition exhibited by Amoeba. Explain how food is taken in and digested
by this organism.
2023
Q1- State the role of the following in the process of digestion.
( a) bile juice and bile salts.
( b) pancreatic enzymes
Q2- Write in sequence the steps for experiment verification of the fact that sunlight is essential
for photosynthesis.
2022- Term-2
2021- MCQ
2020
Q1- Complete the following flowchart as per the given instructions

(2019)
Q1- Write the function of the following in the human alimentary canal.
a- saliva
b- HCL in stomach
c- bile juice
d- Villi
Q2- Write one function each of the following enzyme:
a- pepsin. b- lipase
Q3- Write four sequential steps of the procedure of the experiment "Preparing a temporary
mount of a leaf peel to show stomata."
(2018)
Q1- List the steps of preparation of temporary mount of a Leaf peel to observe stomata.

RESPIRATION
2024- X
2023
Q1- In the human respiratory system name the following:
a) part where air is filtered by fine hairs and mucus lining
b) part which separates chest cavity from abdominal cavity
c) balloon like structures where exchange of gases takes place
d) the two large air passages that lead from trachea to the lungs
Q2- List any two characteristics of lungs which make it an efficient respiratory surface.
Q3- What is the first step in the breakdown of glucose during aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Where does it take place?
Q4- ATP is called the energy currency of the cell. Why?
Q5- What is meant by residual volume of air in a breathing cycle?
2022- Term-2
2021- MCQ
2020- x
(2019
Q1- In the experimental set up to show that “the germinating seeds give out carbon dioxide”
answer the following questions:
i) Why do we keep the conical flask air tight?
ii) Name the substance kept in the small test tube inside the conical flask. Write it's role.
iii) Why does water rise in the delivery tube?

TRANSPORTATION.
2024 Q1- We need to water
the soil in plants on a regular basis. But it ultimately reaches the leaves of the plant. Explain
how this takes place?
2023
Q1- What will happen if
a) xylem tissue in plants is removed?
b) we are injured and start bleeding?
Q2- Why is it important to prevent oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing in birds and
mammals? (
Q3- Which animal can tolerate some mixing of the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
stream? On what factor does the body temperature of these animals depend?
2022- Term-2
2021- MCQ
2020-x
Q1- Blood circulation in fishes is different from the blood circulation in human beings justify the
statement.
Q2- Describe blood circulation in human beings.
(2019) - X
(2018)
Q1- Mention any two components of blood.
Q2- Trace the movement of oxygenated blood in the body.
Q3- Write the function of valves present in between atria and ventricle.
Q4- Write structural difference between the composition of artery and vein.
EXCRETION
2024
Q1- Name the artery that brings oxygenated blood to the kidney.
Name the cluster the thin walled blood capillaries present in the bowman's capsule.
Q2- In the human excretory system, name the organ which stores urine. Is this organ under
hormonal control or nervous control?
Q3- List two major steps involved in the formation of urine and state in brief their functions.
i) Filtration- nitrogenous waste such as urea or uric acid are removed.
ii) Reabsorption- glucose, amino acid, salt ,some useful materials and major amount of water
reabsorbed.
Q4- In which part of the nephron does selective reabsorption take place?
Tubular part of nephron
2023
Q1- What is meant by excretion( define excretion)?
The biological process involved in the removal of harmful nitrogenous metabolic waste from the
body is called excretion.
Q2- Name the organ that connects the Kidneys with the urinary bladder. State its function.
Ureter -it serves as a passage for the urine to move from kidney to the urinary bladder
Q3- List two factors on which the amount of water reabsorbed depends. 2020
Amount of excess water in the body.
Amount of dissolved waste that is to be excreted.
2022- Term-2
2021- MCQ
2020
Q1- (a) Describe the structure and function of the basic filtering unit of kidney.
Q2- Draw a diagram of human excretory system and label on it the following parts:
a- urinary bladder
b- left kidney
c- left ureter
d- urethra
Write one function of each of the following part.
2019
Q1- Draw a diagram of human excretory system and label the following:
i) urinary bladder
ii) left kidney
iii) left ureter
(2018)
Q1- Define excretion.
Q2- Name the basic filtration unit present in the kidney.
Q3- Draw an excretory system in human being and label the following organs of excretory
system which perform the following function.
a- form urine
b- is a long tube which collects urine from kidney
c- stores urine until it is passed out
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS ( MCQ)

2020 From Ch-16 ( Now Deleted)

2021
Q- Consider the following statements
in connection with the functions of the blood vessels marked A and B in the diagram of
a human heart as shown.

(i) Blood vessel A – It carries carbon dioxide blood to the lungs.

(ii) Blood vessel B – It carries oxygen rich blood from the lungs.
(iii) Blood vessel B – Left atrium relaxes as it receives blood from this blood vessel
(iv) Blood vessel A – Right atrium has thick muscular wall as it has to pump blood to this
blood vessel.
The correct statements are
(a) (i) and (ii) only
(b) (ii) and (iii) only
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv) only
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
Answer: (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(2021)

Q- In living organisms during respiration which of the following products are not formed if
oxygen is not available?
(a) carbon dioxide + water
(b) carbon dioxide + alcohol
( c) lactic acid + alcohol
(d) carbon dioxide + lactic acid
Ans- (a) (2021)
Q- The correct statements with reference to single celled organisms are
i) Complex substances are not broken down into simple substances
ii) Simple diffusion is sufficient to meet the requirement of exchange of gases.
iii) Specialized tissues perform different functions in the organism.
iv) Entire surface of the organism is in contact with the environment for taking in food.
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
( c) (ii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)
Ans- ( c ) (2021)

Q- Which one among the following is not removed as a waste product from the body of a plant?
(a) Resins and Gums
(b) Urea
( c) Dry leaves
(d) Excess water
Ans- (b) (2021)

Q- Which of the following statements are correct in reference to the role of A (shown in the
given diagram) during a breathing cycle in human beings?

(i) It helps to decrease the residual volume of air in lungs.

(ii) It flattens as we inhale
(iii) It gets raised as we inhale
(iv) It helps the chest cavity to become larger.
(a) (ii) and (iv)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
( c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (i) (ii) and (iv)
Ans- (a) (2021)

Q- Which one of the following conditions is true for the state of stomata of a green leaf shown in
the given diagram.

(a) Large amount of water flows into the guard cells.

 (b) Gaseous exchange is occurring in large amount.
( c) Large amount of water flows out from the guard cells.
( d) Large amount of sugar collects in the guard cells.
Ans- ( c) ( 2021)

Q- A student was asked to write a stepwise procedure to demonstrate that carbon dioxide is
necessary for photosynthesis. He wrote the following steps. The wrongly worded step is:

(a) Both potted plants are kept in dark room for at least 3 days.
(b) Bottom of the bell jars is sealed to make them airtight.
( c) Both potted plants are kept in sunlight after the starch test.
(d) A leaf from both the plants is taken to test the presence of starch.
Ans- ( c) (2021)

Q- Respiratory structures of two different animals - a fish and a human being are as shown:
Observe (a) and (b) and select one characteristic that holds true for both of them.

(a) Both are placed internally in the body of the animal.

( b) Both have thin and moist surface of gaseous exchange.
( c ) Both are poorly supplied with blood vessels to conserve energy.
(d) In both, the blood returns to the heart after being oxygenated.
Ans - (b) (2021)

Q- Observe the diagram of an activity given here. What does it help to conclude, when the
person exhales into test tube ?
(a) Percentage of carbon dioxide is more in inhaled air.
(b) Fermentation occurs in the presence of oxygen.
( c) Percentage of carbon dioxide is more in the exhaled air.
(d) Fermentation occurs in the presence of carbon dioxide.
Ans- ( c) (2021)
Q- The length of small intestine in a deer is more as compared to the length of small intestine of
a tiger. The reason for this is-
(a) Mode of intake of food.
(b) Type of food consumed.
( c) Presence or absence of villi in intestine.
(d) Presence or absence of digestive enzymes.
Ans- ( b) (2021)

Q- Identify the two components of phloem tissue that help in transportation of food in plants.
(a) Phloem parenchyma and sieve tubes.
( b) Sieve tubes and companion cells.
( c) Phloem parenchyma and companion cells.
( d) Phloem fibres and sieve tubes.
Ans- (b) (2021)
2022—- No MCQ
2023
Q1- Sphincter muscles are present at the exit of:
(a) Stomach and small intestine. (b) Stomach and anus
(c) Small intestine and large intestine. (d) Oesophagus and stomach

Q2-. In the following diagram, identify the cells through which massive amounts of gaseous
exchange takes place for photosynthesis:

(a) I (b) IV. (c) III (d) II

Q3- During vigorous exercise the occurrence of cramps in the outer muscles of an athlete is due
to the conversion of pyruvate to:
(a) Glucose. (b) Ethanol. ( c) Lactic acid. ( d) Lactose
2024
Q1 -In human beings, when the process of digestion is completed, the (i) proteins, (ii)
carbohydrates, and (iii) fats are respectively finally converted into:
(A) (i) Amino acids, (ii) glucose and (iii) fatty acids
(B) (i) Amino acids, (ii) glucose, (iii) fatty acids and glycerol
(C) (i) Glucose, (ii) fatty acids and glycerol, (iii) amino acids
(D) (i) Sugars, (ii) amino acids, (iii) fatty acids and glycerol

ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTIONS

2020 Biology- No any

2021
Q1-Assertion- Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and is taken up by plants in the
form of inorganic nitrates or nitrites.
Reason- The soil is the nearest and richest source of raw materials like nitrogen, Phosphorus
and other minerals for the plants.
Ans- (a)

Q2- Assertion- Hydrochloric acid helps in the digestion of food in the stomach.
Reason - Hydrochloric acid creates an acidic medium to activate protein digestive enzymes.
Ans- (a)

2022 No A/R, No MCQ only case

2023 - X
2024
Q1- Assertion- In the human heart ventricles have thicker muscular walls than atria.
Reason- Ventricles have to pump the blood into various organs.
Q3- Assertion- Most of the plants close their stomata at night.
Reason- Closing of stomata helps to conserve water as large amount of water evaporate from
the leaves.

CASE BASED QUESTIONS

2020
Case-Thyroid gland is a bilobed structure situated in our neck region. It secretes a hormone
called thyroxine. Iodine is necessary for the thyroid gland to make thyroxine. Thyroxine
regulates Carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body. It promotes growth of body
tissues also. When there is an excess of thyroxine in the body a person suffers from
hyperthyroidism and if this gland is under active it results in hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is
diagnosed by a blood test that measures the levels of thyroxine and thyroid stimulating
hormone. Hypothyroidism is caused due to the deficiency of iodine in our diet resulting in a
disease called goitre. Iodised salt can be included in our diet to control it.
a) Where is the thyroid gland situated in our body?
b) State one function of thyroxine hormone in the human body.
c) What is hyperthyroidism?
d) How can we control hypothyroidism?

2021
Case- The figure shown below represents a common type of dialysis called as hemodialysis. It
removes waste products from the blood. Such as excess salts and urea which are insufficiently
removed by the kidney in patients with kidney failure. During the procedure the patient's blood is
cleaned by filtration through a series of semipermeable membranes before being returned to the
blood of the patient. On the basis of this answer the following questions:

Q- The hemodialyzer has a semi permeable lining of tubes which helps to.
( a) Maintain osmotic pressure of blood.
( b) To filter nitrogenous waste from the dialysing solution.
( c) In passing the waste products in the dialyzing solution.
( d)To pump purified blood back into the body of the patient.
Ans- ( c)

Q- Which one of the following is not a function of an artificial kidney?

( a) To remove nitrogenous waste from the blood.
( b)To remove excess fluid from the blood.
( c) To reabsorb essential nutrients from the blood.
(d) To filter and purify the blood.
Ans- ( c)

Q- The used dialysing solution is rich in:

( a) Urea and excess salts ( b) Blood cells ( c) Lymph ( d) Proteins
Ans- (a)

Q- Which part of the nephron in human kidney, serves the function of reabsorption of certain
substances?
( a) Glomerulus. ( b) Bowman's Capsule ( c) Tubules ( d) Collecting duct
Ans- ( c)

2022 - X
2023 - X
2024
Case- Kidneys are vital organs for survival. Several factors like infections, injury or restricted
blood flow to kidneys reduce the activity of kidneys. This leads to accumulation of poisonous
wastes in the body, which can even lead to death. In case of kidney failure, an artificial kidney
can be used. An artificial kidney is a device to remove waste products from the blood through
dialysis.

(a) (i) Name the artery that brings oxygenated blood to the kidney.
(ii) Name the cluster the thin-walled blood capillaries present in the Bowman's capsule.
(b) In human excretory system name the organ which stores urine. Is this organ under hormonal
control or nervous control?
(c) (i) List two major steps involved in the formation of urine and state in brief their functions.
OR
(c) (ii) In which part of the nephron does selective reabsorption take place? List the factors
which the amount of water reabsorbed depends on.

EXTRA QUESTIONS

ÐESCRIPTIVE
NUTRITION & RESPIRATION

Q1- Draw the flowchart of aerobic respiration.

Q2- Where are fat digested and what are end products?
Q3- Explain the digestion of protein.
Q4- What are enzymes? Name one enzyme of our digestive system and write its function.
Q5- Name the gland associated with digestion of starch in the human digestive tract.
Q6- How does exchange of respiratory gases and carbon dioxide take place between lungs and
blood in human beings?
Q7- List three characteristics of lungs which makes it an efficient respiratory surface.
Q8- What are the important features of all respiratory structures in animals?

CRITICAL THINKING BASED

Q1- In green plants during the day CO2 is generated in respiration but not released out ?
Q2- During the breathing cycle even in forceful exhalation, the exchange of gases will continue.

TRANSPORTATION & EXCRETION

Q1- What are the advantages of four chambered heart?

Q2- Why do leaves of plants help in excretion?
Q3- Name three types of blood vessels. Write one function of capillaries.
Q4- Leaves of a healthy potted plant were coated with vaseline to block the stomata. Will this
plant remain healthy for long? State three reasons for your answer.
Q5- What is the main toxic waste kidney filters from the blood?
Q6- Name any two substances which are selectively reabsorbed from the tubules of a nephron.
Q7 - Where in plants are the following synthesis?
i) sugar. ii) hormone

CRITICAL THINKING BASED QUESTIONS

Q1- Why are ventricles thick walled and muscular?
Q2- Why are arteries thick walled and elastic?
Q3- Why is translocation important?
Q4- Why is the amount of glomerular filtrate / urine produced more than the volume of urine
excreted?

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS ( MCQ)

NUTRITION AND RESPIRATION
SHEET-1
Q1- The gas which is released during photosynthesis is-.
[a] CO2 [b] O2. [c] N2. [d] SO2
Q2- Desert plant take up oxygen during-
[a] Day. [b] Night. [c] Either day or Night. [d] Never take 02
Q3- Protein is digested in which of the argan ?
[a] Mouth. [b] Stomach & small intestine. [c] Large intestine. [d] Stomach only
Q4- Final product of digestion of protein is______.
[a] Amino Acid. [b] Fat. [c] Urea. [d] Starch
Q5- The breakdown of food in cells to release energy is called_______.
[a] Photosynthesis. [b] Transportation. [c] Respiration. [d] Digestion
Q6. The raw material responsible for releasing of oxygen in photosynthesis is-
[a] Water. [b]CO₂ [c] Chlorophyll. [d] Sunlight.
Q7- The universal source of energy in a cell is
[a] ADP. [b] Carbohydrates. [c] ATP. [d] fats
Q8-The process by which organism take food iis called-
[a] Respiration. [b] Nutrition. [c] Photosynthesis. [d] Circulation
Q9- The _____ is produced by the bacteria when they break down food debris or sugar on the
tooth surface.
[a] Plaque. [b] Base. [c] Acid. [d] None of these
Q10- What is the part of the tooth you can see above the gum?
[a] Crown. [b] Pulp. [c] Cap. [d] Cavity
Q11- What hard, tough, and shiny substance covers the crown?
[a] Wax. [b] Diamonds. [c] Keratin. [d] Enamel
Q12- An organism which breaks down the food material outside the body and then absorbs it is
–
(a) a plant parasite, Cuscuta. (b) an animal parasite, Tapeworm.
(c) a bacteria, Rhizobium. (d) a fungi, Rhizopus.
Q13- . Consider the following statements about small intestine and select the one which is NOT
correct:
(a) The length of the small intestine in animals differs as it depends on the type of food they eat.
(b) The small intestine is the site of complete digestion of food.
(c) The small intestine receives secretions from liver and pancreas.
(d) The villi of the small intestine absorb water from the unabsorbed food before it gets removed
from the body via the anus.
Q14- A stomata closes when:
(i) it needs carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
(ii) it does not need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
(iii) water flows out of the guard cells.
(iv) water flows into the guard cells.
The correct reason(s) in this process is/are:
(a) (1) only. (b) (1) and (ii)
(c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)
Q15- During deficiency of oxygen in the tissues of human beings, pyruvate is converted into
lactic acid in:
(a) cytoplasm. (b) golgi body. (c) mitochondria. (d) chloroplast
ANSWER KEY
1- B 2- B 3- B 4- A 5- D 6- A 7- C 8- B 9- C 10- A 11- D 12- D 13- D. 14- C 15- A
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: NUTRITION AND RESPIRATION (SHEET-2)

Q-1 . Which of the following statement is true about lungs.

(A)Within the lungs, the passage divides into smaller and smaller tubes
(B)The lungs always contain a residual volume of air so that there is sufficient time for oxygen to
be absorbed.
(C)Both (A) and (B)
(D)None of the above
Q-2 Pyruvate is a _____ carbon molecule.
(ATthree (B)Four(C)Five(D)Six
Q-3 The process of breaking molecules in the absence of oxygen is called-
(A)Respiration. (B)Aerobic respiration. (C)Anaerobic respiration. (D)None of the above

Q-4 Lactic acid is a ____ carbon molecule.

(A)Three (BFour (C)Five. (D)Six

Q-5 Breaking down of glucose in the presence of oxygen produces-

(A)Carbon dioxide. (B)Water. (C)Energy. (D)All of the above

Q-6 The energy released during the process of respiration is used to make an _____ molecule.
(A)ATP. (B)ADP. (C) AVP. (D) ATC

Q-7 The enzymes present in the secretion of intestinal juice finally convert the-
(A)Proteins to amino acids. (B)Complex carbohydrates into glucose
(C)Fats into fatty acids and glycerol. (D)All of the above
Q-8 The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called-
(A)Vitli. (B)Villi. (C)Vipli. (D)None of the above

Q-9 Glucose is a _____ carbon molecule.

(A)Four. (B)Five. (C)Six. (D)Seven

Q-10 ATP can be used in the cells for the-

(A)Contraction of muscles. (B)Protein synthesis
(C)Conduction of nervous impulses. (D)All of the above

Q-11 In human beings, the respiratory pigment is-

(A)Haemoglobin. (B)Insulin. (C)Enzyme. (D)None of the above

Q-12 Haemoglobin is present in-

(A)Red blood corpuscles. (B)White blood corpuscles
(C)Plasma. (D)None of the above

Q-13 Example(s) of some organisms which derive nutrition from plants or animals without killing
them-
(A)Cuscuta. (B)Ticks. ,(C)Leeches. (D)All of the above

Q-14 _____ takes in food using temporary finger-like extensions of the cell surface.
(A)Amoeba. (B)Green plants. (C)Tape worms. (D)None of the above

Q-15 The _____ is basically a long tube extending from the mouth to the anus.
(A)Alimentary canal. (B)Oesophagus. (C)Diaphragm. (D)Bile duct

Q-16 Gastric glands release ____, a protein digesting enzyme called pepsin, and mucus.
(A)Sulphuric acid. (B)Hydrochloric acid
(C)Nitric acid. (D)None of the above

. Q-17 Tiny pores present on the surface of the leaves are known as-
(A)stomata. (B)Chloroplast. (C)Organelles. (D)None of the above

Q-18 For photosynthesis which of the following is taken up from the soil by the roots in terrestrial
plants?
(A)Water. (B)Nitrogen. (C)Magnesium. (D)All of the above

Q-19 Example(s) of some organism(s) which break-down the food material outside the body
and then absorb it are-
(A)Fungi. (B)Yeast ,(C)Mushrooms. (D)All of the above

Q-20 Which of the following is true for heterotrophs-

(A)Heterotrophs survival depends directly or indirectly on autotrophs
(B)Heterotrophic organisms include animals and fungi
(C)In heterotrophs, complex substances have to be broken down into simpler ones.
(D)All of the above

Q-21 Glycolysis process occurs in which part of the cell?

(A)Cytoplasm. (B)Nucleus. (C)Mitochondria. (D)Chloroplast

Q-22 Carbon and energy requirements of the autotrophic organism are fulfilled by-
(A)Enzymes. (B)Photosynthesis ,(C)Bacteria. ,(D)None of the above

Q-23 _____ are utilised for providing energy to the plant.

(A)Carbohydrates. (B)Vitamins. (C)Proteins. ,(D)Fats

Q-24 Which of the following event(s) occur during photosynthesis.

(A)Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
(B)Conversion of light energy to chemical energy.
(C)Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.
(D)All of the above

Q-25 The processes which together perform the maintenance job are-
(A)Life proceedings. (B)Life processes
(C)Life maintenance. ,(D)None of the above

Q-26 The blood leaving the tissues becomes rich in _____.

(A)Haemoglobin ,(B)Carbon dioxide. ,(C)Water ,(D)Oxygen

Q-27 The process of acquiring oxygen from outside the body and to use it in the process of
breakdown of food sources for cellular needs is called-
(A)Respiration. (B)Digestion. (C)Transportation. (D) Excretion
Q-28 The waste products removed from the body and discarded by a process is called-
(A) Respiration. (B)Digestion. (C)Transportation. (D) Excretion
Q29 Which of the following are autotrophs-
(A)Green plants. (B)Some bacteria ,(C) Enzymes. (D) Both A and B
Q-30 The pancreatic juice doesn't contain following enzyme -
(A)Trypsin. (B)Amylase ,(C)Lipase. (D)Ptyalin

Q-31 The internal (cellular) energy reserve in autotrophs is-

(A)Glycogen. (B)Protein (C)Starch. (D)Fatty acid

ANSWER KEY
1- C 2- A 3- C 4- A 5- D 6- A 7- D 8- B 9-C 10- D 11- A. 12- A. 13- D. 14- A. 15- A. 16- B
17- A 18- A 19- D 20- D 21- A 22- B 23- A 24- D 25- B 26- B 27- A 28- D 29- D 30- D
31- C

TRANSPORTATION AND EXCRETION

SHEET- 1

(i) The filtration units of kidneys are called

(a) Ureter
(b) Urethra
(c) Neurons
(d) Nephrons

(ii) Urine is produced in

(a) Kidney
(b) Urethra
(c) Ureter
(d) Urinary bladder

(iii) Which one among the following is not removed as a waste product from the body of a plant?
(a) Resins and Gums
(b) Urea
(c) Dry Leaves
(d) Excess Water

(iv) The excess of water from plants is removed by

(a) perspiration
(c) evaporation
(b) transpiration
(d) distillations

(v) In the excretory system of human beings, some substances in the initial filtrate such as
glucose, amino acids, salts and water are selectively reabsorbed in
(a) Urethra
(b) Nephron
(c) Ureter
(d) Urinary bladder

( vi) The given diagram shows the human excretory system. Identify the function of part labelled
as X.
(a) To excrete urea
(b) To produce urea
(c) To produce urine
(d) To store urine

(vii) The transport of water and minerals in plants done by

(a) xylem
(c) tissues
(b) hormone
(d) chloroplast

(viii) What prevents backflow of blood inside the heart during contraction?
(a) Valves in heart
(b) Thick muscular walls of ventricles
(c) Thin walls of atria
(d) All of the above

(ix) Which one of the following statements is correct about the human circulatory system?
(a) Blood transports only oxygen and not carbon dioxide.
(b) Human heart has five chambers.
(c) Valves ensure that the blood does not flow
backwards.
(d) Both oxygen rich and oxygen deficient blood gets mixed up in the heart.

(x) Blood vessel carry blood from lungs to heart through

(a) Pulmonary artery
(b) Pulmonary vein
(c) Coronary artery
(d) None of these

( xi) Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about human heart?

i) It is a hollow muscular organ.

ii) It is four chambered having three auricles and one ventricle.
iii) It has different chambers to prevent the oxygen-rich blood from mixing with the blood
containing carbon dioxide.
iv) Arteries always carry blood away from the heart.
(a) I and II
(b) II and III
(c) I, II and III
(d) I, III and IV

(xii) Choose the correct combination of plots provided in the following table :

category Systolic (mmHg) Diastolic (mmHg)

Normal 120 80

Normal 80 120

Hypertension 120 80

Hypertension 70 60

(a) Normal 120 80

(b) Normal 80 120
( c) Hypertension 120 80
(d) Hypertension 70 60

(xiii) Oxygenated blood from lungs enters left atrium through

(a) vena cava
(b) pulmonary artery
(c) pulmonary vein
(d) aorta

(iv)Dialysing unit (artificial kidney) contains a fluid which is almost same as plasma except that it
has-
(a ) high glucose (b) high urea ( c) no urea (d) high uric acid
(iv)Structural and functional unit of kidney is-
(a ) nephron (b) uretor ( c) neurone (d) urethra
(vi) - The process in which loss of water in the form of vapours from the aerial parts of plants
takes place is X, which helps in Y. Here X and Y respectively are:
(a) transpiration and photosynthesis.
(b) transpiration and temperature regulation.
(c) translocation and movement of soluble products of photosynthesis in phloem.
(d) translocation and absorption of water and minerals from soil by roots.
(vii) - Observe the following diagram and identify the process and its significance from the
following options :
(a) Evaporation maintains water content in leaf cells.
(b) transpiration creates a suction force which pulls water inside the plant.
( c) Excretion helps in excreting out waste water from the plant.
(d) Translocation helps in transporting materials from one cell to another

( TABLE/DIAGRAM BASED M. C. Q.)

Q-1 In photosynthesis, which substances are used up, which are produced and which are
necessary, but remain unchanged after the reaction?

S.No. Used up Produced Remain

unchanged

a. Carbon dioxide Water Oxygen

b. Chlorophyll Carbon dioxide Water

c. Oxygen Starch Cellulose

d. Water Oxygen Chlorophyll

Ans- (d) Used up- water, Produce - oxygen, Remain unchanged - chlorophyll
Q-2 Match column (A) with column (B)
Column A Column B

(A) Autotrophic nutrition (i) Leech

(B) Heterotrophic nutrition (ii) Paramoecium

(C) Parasitic nutrition (iii) Deer

(D) Digestion in food vacuoles (iv) Green plant

 a. A-(iv), B- (iii), C- (ii), D- (i)
b. A-(iv), B- (iii), C- (i), D- (ii)
c. A-(iii), B- (iv), C- (i), D- (ii)
d. A-(iii), B- (iv), C- (ii), D- (i)
Ans- (b) A-(iv), B- (iii), C- (i), D- (ii)
Q-3 Match the term in column (A) with those in column (B)
Column A Column B

(A) Trypsin (i) Pancreas

(B) Amylase (ii) Liver

(C) Bile (iii) Gastric gland

(D) Pepsin (iv) Saliva

a. A-(ii), B- (iv), C- (i), D- (iii).

b. A-(iv), B- (i), C- (ii), D- (iii)
c. A-(i), B- (iv), C- (ii), D- (iii)
d. A-(ii), B- (i), C- (iv), D- (iii)
Ans- ( c) A-(i), B- (iv), C- (ii), D- (iii)

Q-4 When a person eats some egg white, proteins and water enter the stomach. Which
substances are found leaving the stomach and leaving the small intestine?
S.No. Leaving the stomach Leaving the small intestine

a. Amino acids and water Amino, acids and water

b. Fatty acids, glycerol and water Fatty acids, glycerol and water
c. Protein and water Fatty acids and glycerol
d. Protein, amino acid and water Water

Ans- (d) Protein, amino acid and water, Water

In stomach, egg white is broken down into amino acids. It contains albumin protein which is not
completely broken down. Some of it is further hydrolysed in intestine from their amino acids are
absorbed by food.
Q-5 Match the column l with column ll and select the most appropriate one from the
options given.
Column l Column ll
A. Amoeba 1. Extensive coiling
B. Trypsin 2.Pseudopodia
C. Liver 3.Pancreatic juice
D. Small intestine 4.Bile
 Codes
A B C D
(a) 1 2 4 3
(b) 2 1 3 4
(c) 2 3 4 1
(d) 2 3 1 4
Ans- c
Q-6 An experiment is set up as shown. Flasks 1 and 2 contain lime water. Air is pumped
through the flasks.

What is the appearance of lime water in flasks 1 and 2 after a period of time?

S. No. Flask 1 Flask 2

a. Clear Clear

b. Clear White/Cloudy

c. White/Cloudy Clear

d. White/Cloudy White/Cloudy

Ans- (b) Clear, White/ Cloudy

Q-7 Which substances are produced by anaerobic respiration in yeast?

S.No. Carbon dioxide Alcohol Lactic acid Water

e. ✔️ ✔️ ✖️ ✖️
f. ✔️ ✖️ ✔️ ✖️
 g. ✖️ ✔️ ✖️ ✔️
h. ✖️ ✖️ ✔️ ✔️
✔️ ✖️
✔️ ✔️ ✖️ , Water- ✔️
Key = produced = not produced
Ans. ( a) CO2 - , Alcohol - ,Lactic acid-

Q-8 The table shows the characteristics of blood in one blood vessel of the body.

Oxygen Carbon dioxide Pressure

concentration concentration

High Low High

Which blood vessel contains blood with these characteristics?

(a) Aorta (b) Pulmonary artery
( c) Pulmonary vein (d)Vena cava
Ans-( a) Aorta
Oxygenated blood is carried back to the left atrium through the pulmonary vein and is pumped
into the left ventricle before leaving the heart through the aorta. The thick muscular wall of the
left ventricle of the heart contracts to generate the highest pressure possible to pump blood into
the aorta and to the rest of the body.

Q- 9 What are the functions of the xylem?

S.No. Carrying sugars Carrying water Carrying mineral Giving support

ions

i. ✔️ ✖️ ✖️ ✔️
j. ✔️ ✔️ ✖️ ✖️
k. ✖️ ✔️ ✔️ ✖️
l. ✖️ ✔️ ✔️ ✔️
Key ✔️ = a function of xylem ✖️ = not a function of xylem
Ans. ( d) ✖️, ✔️,✔️, ✔️

Xylem is a part of vascular tissue which not only supports a stem, but also transports water and
mineral ions. Phloem is involved in the transport of sugars dissolved in water.
Q-10 Match the words of column (A) with that of column (B) :
Column A Column B
 (A) Phloem (i) Transport of water

(B) Xylem (ii) Translocation of food

(C) Veins (iii) Clotting of blood

(D) Platelet (iv) Deoxygenated blood

a. A-(ii), B- (i), C- (iv), D- (iii).

b. A-(iii), B- (ii), C- (iv), D- (i)
c. A-(iii), B- (iv), C- (i), D- (ii)
d. A-(ii), B- (iv), C- (i), D- (iii)
Ans- ( a) A-(ii), B- (i), C- (iv), D- (iii).

Q-11 Which substances will be present in the glomerular filtrate from the kidneys of a
mammal?

S.No. Glucose Protein Salts

m. ✔️ ✔️ ✖️
n. ✖️ ✔️ ✔️
o. ✔️ ✖️ ✔️
p. ✖️ ✖️ ✔️
Key ✔️ = present ✖️ = absent
Ans. ( c) ✔️, ✖️ , ✔️

In mammals the glomerular filtrate will consist of glucose and salts by the filtration of blood
plasma. The proteins are not present in glomerular filtrate because they are relatively larger in
physical size.

Q-12 The diagram shows the human gut. Which number structures secrete digestive
enzymes?
a- 1,2,3,&4
b- 1,2,3,&6
c- 2,3,4&5
d- 2,3,5,&6
Ans- (b) 1,2,3,&6

Q-13 the diagram shows part of the human respiratory system.

What are W, X, Y and Z?

S. No. Bronchus Bronchiole Larynx Rings of cartilage

a. W X Z Y

b. X Z Y W

c. Y W X Z

d. Z Y W X

Ans- (d) Bronchus -Z, Bronchiole- Y, Larynx- W, Rings of cartilage- X

Q-14 Figure given below is representing the dialysis machine for removing nitrogenous
waste in patients with kidney failure.
Which substances out of the following in the dialysis fluid should be at a lower
concentration than in the blood of the patient?
a. glucose and urea
b. glucose and amino acid
c. salts and urea
d. glucose and salts
Ans- ( c) salts and urea
Q-15 In the following diagram of the stomatal apparatus, which parts are correctly
labelled.

a- (i) and (v)

b- (ii) and (v)
c- (iv) and (ii)
d- (v) and (iv)
Ans- (a) (i) and (v)

Q- 16 In the below mentioned sketch of stomatal apparatus, parts l, ll, lll and IV were
labelled differently by four students. The correct labeling is

(a) I- guard cell, ll- stomata, lll- starch granule, lV- nucleus
(b) I- cytoplasm, ll- nucleus, lll- stomata, lV- chloroplast
(c) I- guard cell, ll- starch granule, lll- nucleus, lV- stomata
(d) I- cytoplasm, ll- chloroplast, lll- stomata, lV- nucleus
Ans (b) I- cytoplasm, ll- nucleus, lll- stomata, lV- chloroplast

Q-17 Identify the correct pair of labelled parts with the help of the given figure:
a. W- Sieve plate, Y- Companion cells
b. X- Sieve plate, Y- Companion cells
c. Y- Sieve tubes, Y- Sieve plate
d. X- Companion cell, Y- Phloem parenchyma
Ans- (a) W- Sieve plate, Y- Companion cells

Q-18 The given figure represents a single nephron from a mammalian kidney. Identify the
labelled parts, match them with the options (l to lV) and select the correct answer.

(I) The site of ultrafiltration

(Il) Collect the urine and make it more concentrated
(Ill) The main site for the absorption of glucose and amino acid
(IV) Largely responsible for the maintenance of blood PH
a. (I) -A, (ll) -E, (lll) -C, (lV) -D
b. (I) -A, (ll) -B, (lll) -C, (lV) -D
c. (I) -B, (ll) -A, (lll) -C, (lV) -E
d. (I) -E, (ll) -B, (lll) -D, (lV) -A
Ans- (a) (I) -A, (ll) -E, (lll) -C, (lV) -D

Q-19 The diagram shows parts of a flowering plant. Where does the most transpiration
take place?
 ( a) upper surface of leaf
(b) lower surface of leaf
( c) root
(d) stem
Ans- (b) lower surface of leaf

ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTIONS

SHEET-1
NUTRITION AND RESPIRSTION
Q1-Assertion: HCl helps in the digestion of food in the stomach.
Reason: HCl creates an acidic medium to activate protein digesting enzymes.
Аnswer : (a)

Q2- Assertion: Raw material needed for photosynthesis are СO2, water and minerals.
Reasons: Nutrients provide energy to an organism.
Answer: (b)

Q3- Assertion: Digestion breaks large complex molecules to simpler smaller molecules which
can be easily absorbed.
Reasons: Digestion is necessary for the absorption of all molecules.
Answer: ( c )

Q4- Assertion: Alveoli is designed to maximize the exchange of gases.

Reason: The walls of alveoli have extensive network of blood vessels which help im
exchange of gases.
Answer: (a)

Q5-Assertion: Anaerobic, respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen

Reason: Food substances like glucose get oxidized completely in anaerobic respiration.
Аnswer: (c)

Q6- Assertion: If mucus is not secreted by gastric glands, the inner lining of the stomach may
get damaged.
Reason: HCl is secreted by gastric glands in stomach
Аnswer- (b)
Q7- Assertion: Energy is used during the process of respiration.
Reason: Mitochondria stores energy in the form of ATP.
Answer: (d)

Q8- Assertion: The opening and closing of stomata is controlled by guard cells.
Reason: The pore is the site for exchange of gases in plants.
Answer: ( a)

Q-9 Assertion (A) : Bile is essential for digestion of lipids.

Reason(R ): Bile juice contains enzymes.
Аnswer: ( c)

Q10-Assertion(A) : Digestion of carbohydrates mainly takes place in the small intestine.

Reason(R) : Pancreatic juice contains the enzyme lipase.
Аnswer: (b)

Q-11- Assertion (A) : The digestive system is different in various organisms.

Reason(R ): The food and the way it is obtained, differ in different organisms.
Answer- ( a)

Q-12 Assertion(A) : Complete digestion takes place in large intestine.

Reason(R) : Digested food is taken up by the walls of the intestine.
Answer- (d)

ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTIONS

NUTRITION AND RESPIRSTION

SHEET-2

NUTRITION AND RESPIRATION

Q 1. Assertion -Raw materials needed for photosynthesis are carbon dioxide, water and
minerals.
Reason - Carbohydrates are utilised for providing energy to the plants.
Ans. (b)

Q 2, Assertion - Photosynthesis takes place in green parts of the plants.

Reason - Photosynthesis always takes place in leaves.
Ans. ( c)
In a few plants, the stem is green which also takes part in photosynthesis.

Q 3. Assertion - Amoeba is an omnivore organism.

Reason - Lion is a carnivore organism.
Ans. (b)
Amoeba is an omnivore organism, its mode of nutrition is holozoic. Lion is a carnivore organism
because it eats other animals (meat eaters).
Q 4 Assertion (A): HCL sterilises food by killing pathogens and other microbes.
Reason (R): HCI helps to emulsify food and protects against harmful bacteria.
Ans. (b)
Cellulose is not digested by carnivores

Q 5. Assertion (A): Herbivores have longer small intestines than carnivores.

Reason (R): Carnivores can digest cellulose due to the presence of enzyme, cellulose.
Ans. ( c)
Cellulose is not digested by carnivores

Q 6 . Assertion (A): Pancreatic juice digests starch, proteins and fats.

Reason (R): Pancreatic juice contains digestive enzymes like pancreatic amylase, trypsin and
lipase.

Ans. (a)
Q 7. . Assertion (A): The large intestine is the largest part of the alimentary canal.
Reason (R): Tiger has a shorter small intestine, than herbivores.
Ans. (d)

Q 8. Assertion (A): Walls of the small intestine have numerous villi.

Reason (R): These villi increase the surface area of digestion.
Ans. ( c)
All the digested food is taken up by the walls of the small intestine, which has numerous villi.
These increase the surface area of absorption.

Q 9. Assertion (A): Digestion breaks large complex molecules to simple smaller molecules
which can be easily absorbed.
Reason (R): Digestion is necessary for the absorption of all molecules.
Ans. (c)
Digestion breaks large complex organic molecules to simple smaller ones which can be easily
absorbed. However, certain molecules such as glucose, vitamin C etc, do not need any
digestion before their absorption.

Q 10. Assertion (A): Lipase helps in emulsification of fats.

Reason (R): Lipase converts fat into fatty acids and glycerol.
Ans. (d)
Bile helps in emulsification of fats whereas lipases are the enzymes which converts fat into fatty
acids and glycerol
Q 11. Assertion (A): Liver is known as the largest gland of the body.
Reason (R): It secretes salivary amylase.
Ans. (c)
Liver is known as the largest gland of the body, which secretes bile juice. Salivary glands
secrete salivary amylase.

Q 12. Assertion (A): Carbohydrate digestion mainly takes place in the small intestine.
Reason (R): Pancreatic juice contains the enzyme trypsin.
Ans. (b)

Q 13. Assertion (A): The accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles causes muscle cramps.
Reason (R): During vigorous physical exercise leg muscles respire anaerobically.
Ans. (a)

Q 14. Assertion (A): Most of the living organisms carry out aerobic respiration.
Reason (R): Mitochondria is the site of aerobic respiration in the cell.
Ans. (b)

Q 15. Assertion (A): Humans are not truly aerobic.

Reason (R): They produce lactic acid anaerobically.
Ans. (b)
Humans are aerobically respiring animals, but sometimes anaerobic respiration takes place in
muscle cells to produce lactic acid and energy from glucose.

Q 16. Assertion (A): In anaerobic respiration, one of the end products is alcohol.
Reason (R): There is an incomplete breakdown of glucose,
Ans.(a)

Q17. Assertion (A): Energy is used during the process of respiration.

Reason (R): Respiration stores energy in the form of ATP.
Ans. (d)
Q 18. Assertion (A): Respiration is a biochemical process opposite to photosynthesis.
Reason (R): Energy is released during respiration.
Ans. (a)
Respiration is defined as the process of biochemical oxidation of nutrients at cellular level. It
occurs in the presence of specific enzymes at optimum temperature in the cells to release
energy for various metabolic activities.
Q 19. Assertion (A): The release of energy in the aerobic process is much more than in
anaerobic process.
Reason (R): Each glucose molecule produces 2 molecules of ATP and 38 molecules of ATP in
aerobic and anaerobic respiration, respectively.
Ans. (c)
In the aerobic process 38 molecules of ATP are released per one glucose molecule is much
more than the 2 molecules of ATP per one glucose molecule in anaerobic process.
Q 20. Assertion (A): The rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is faster than that seen in
terrestrial organisms.
Reason (R) : The amount of dissolved oxygen is fairly low compared to the amount of oxygen in
the air.
Ans. (a)
Q 21. Assertion (A): Blood takes up oxygen from the alveolar air and releases CO₂ during
exchange.
Reason (R): The concentration of O, is more in alveolar air.
Ans. (b)
Q 22. Assertion (A): Trachea does not collapse, when there is no air in it.
Reason (R): Trachea is supported by rings of cartilage.
Ans (a)
Q 23. Assertion (A): Lungs always contain a residual volume of air.
Reason (R): It provides sufficient time for oxygen to be absorbed and for carbon dioxide to be
released.
Ans. (a)
During the breathing cycle, when air is taken in and let out the lungs always contain a residual
volume of air. It provides sufficient time for oxygen to be absorbed and for carbon dioxide to be
released.
Q 24. Assertion (A): Haemoglobin is the respiratory pigment in human beings.
Reason (R): It transports oxygen in the human body.
Ans (a)
Haemoglobin is the respiratory pigment in human beings. It takes up oxygen from the air in the
lungs and carries it to tissues.

Q 25. Assertion (A): Alveoli contain an extensive network of blood vessels.

Reason (R): Alveoli is the site where exchange of gases occurs.
Ans. (a)
The alveoli of lungs are richly supplied with blood and are the sites where exchange of gases
(02, and CO₂) occurs. between blood and atmosphere

Q26. Assertion: The rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than in terrestrial
organisms.
Reason: The amount of oxygen dissolved in water is very high as compared to the amount of
oxygen in air.
Ans- (a)
Q27 Assertion: The inner walls of the small intestine have finger like projections called villi which
are rich in blood.
Reason: These villi have a large surface area to help the small intestine in completing the
digestion of food.
Ans- ( a)

ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTIONS

NUTRITION AND RESPIRSTION

SHEET- 3
Q-1 Assertion : Simple diffusion is not sufficient to carry out the life processes of
multicellular organisms.
Reason: In multicellular organisms, all the cells may not be in direct contact with the
surrounding environment.
Ans-A

Q- 2 Assertion :The inner lining of the small intestine has numerous finger-like
projections called villi.
Reason : The villi increase the surface area for absorption.
Ans- A

Q-3 Assertion: Due to plaque saliva cannot reach the tooth surface.
Reason: Brushing removes the plaque and allows the bacteria to multiply and produce
acid.
Ans- C

Q- 4 Assertion : Molecular movements are needed for life.

Reason : Body structures made up of these molecules need continuous repair and
maintenance.
Ans- A

Q-5 Assertion : In plants the rate of respiration is very slow.

Reason : Plants remain fixed so they do not require axcess energy.
Ans- A

Q-6 Assertion : In human beings, the respiratory pigment is haemoglobin.

Reason : It is a type of protein which has high-affinity for carbon dioxide.
Ans- C

Q-7Assertion : Diffusion does not meet high energy requirements of multi-cellular

organisms.
Reason : Diffusion is a fast process but only occurs at the surface of the body.
Ans- C

Q-8 Assertion : Saliva contains pepsin enzyme.

Reason : Pepsin digests protein.
Ans- D

Q-9 Assertion : In anaerobic respiration one of the end products is alcohol.

Reason : There is an incomplete breakdown of glucose.
Ans- A

Q-10 Assertion : Rings of cartilage are present in the throat.

Reason : These ensure that the air-passage does not collapse.
Ans- A

Q-11 Assertion : The opening and closing of the stomatal pore is a function of the
guard cells.
Reason : Stomatal pores are the site for exchange of gases by diffusion.
Ans- B

Q-12 Assertion : Pyruvate is a three - carbon molecule.

Reason: It is prepared in the cytoplasm as the first step to cellular respiration.
Ans- A

Q-13 Assertion : Lipase helps in emulsification of fats.

Reason :Lipase converts fat into fatty acid and glycerol.
Ans- D

Q-14 Assertion : Liver is known as the largest gland of the body.

Reason: It secretes salivary amylase.
Ans- C

ASSERTION AND REASON

TRANSPORTATION AND EXCRETION
SHEET-1
1. Assertion- Transpiration is essential for plants.
Reason- It helps in regulating temperature of the plant as transpiration (evaporation) causes cooling.
Ans- A
2- Assertion- Arteries have thick, elastic, muscular walls.
Reason- Arteries do not have valves.
Ans- B
3- Assertion- Blood consist of a fluid medium called plasma in which RBC, WBC and other cells are
present.
Reason- Plasma transports food, CO2 and nitrogenous wastes in dissolved form.
Ans- B
4- Assertion- . In the daytime, CO₂ generated during respiration is used up for photosynthesis.
Reason- . There is no CO₂ release during the day.
Ans- A
5- Assertion- . Translocation of sugar occurs through the phloem.
Reason- It is achieved by diffusion of sugars through phloem.
Ans- C
6- Assertion- The amount of urine produced depends upon the amount of excess water and dissolved
wastes in our body.
Reason- Urine contains uric acid. ADH is Antidiotic hormone.
Ans- B
7- Assertion- . Haemodialysis can save the life of a patient with kidney failure case.
Reason- . Waste products like urea, uric acid can be removed from the blood by the process of
Haemodialysis.
Ans- A
8- Assertion- . Excretion is the removal of nitrogenous waste products from the body.
Reason- . Egestion is the discharge of undigested matter from the digestive tract.
Ans- B
9- Assertion- Excretory unit of the kidney is nephrons.
Reason- . It has no role in secretion of urine.
Ans- C
10- - Assertion- . Artificial kidney is a device used to remove nitrogenous waste products from the blood
through dialysis.
Reason- . Reabsorption does not occur in artificial kidneys.
Ans- B
11- Assertion- The main organ of human excretory system is the kidney.
Reason- . Kidneys perform the function of removing excess water and nitrogenous wastes from the body.
Ans- A
12- Assertion- capillaries have walls that are just one cell thick.
Reason- Exchange of materials between the blood and surrounding cells takes place across the
capillaries.
Ans- A
Q-13 Assertion (A) - Plants excrete various waste products during their life processes.
Reason (R) -They produce urea just like humans.
Ans- c

ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTIONS

SHEET-2

TRANSPORTATION & EXCRETION

Q 1. Assertion (A): Ventricles have thicker walls than auricles.

Reason (R): Ventricles have to pump blood into various organs with great pressure.
Ans. (a)
Q 2. Assertion (A): Capillaries are the thinnest blood vessels.
Reason (R): Capillaries connect the branches of arteries and veins.
Ans. (b)
Q 3. Assertion (A): In the human heart, there is no mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Reason (R): Valves are present in the heart which allows the movement of blood in one direction only.
Ans. (b)
Q 4. Assertion (A): All the arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart to various organs.
Reason (R): Vena cava carries deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Ans. (d)
Q 5. Assertion (A): Valves are present in the arteries.
Reason (R): Arteries carry oxygenated blood from heart to different body parts except pulmonary artery.
Ans. (d)
Q 6. Assertion (A): It is necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and
birds.
Reason (R): Mammals and birds are warm blooded animals and they depend on the environment for
their body temperature regulation.
Ans. (c)
Q 7. Assertion (A): Phloem helps in translocation of food from the leaves.
Reason (R): Phloem provides mechanical support to plants.
Ans. (c)
Q 8. Assertion (A): The movement of water and dissolved salts in xylem is always upwards.
Reason (R): The upward movement of water is due to low pressure created by transpiration.
Ans. (a)
Q 9. Assertion (A): Transpiration is a necessary evil.
Reason (R): It causes water loss but helps in absorption and upward movement of water and minerals.
Ans. (a)
Q 10. Assertion (A): Translocation of sugar occurs through the phloem.
Reason (R): It is achieved by diffusion of sugars through phloem.
Ans. ©
Q 11. Assertion (A): In humans, a major amount of water is absorbed by tubular part of nephron.
Reason (R): The amount of water reabsorbed depends on how much dissolved waste is to be excreted
from the body.
Ans. (b)
Q 12.Assertion (A): The Bowman's capsule and the tubule together make a nephron.
Reason (R): The function of tubule is to allow the selective reabsorption of substances like glucose,
amino acids, urea,salts and water into the blood capillaries.
Ans. (b)
Q 13. Assertion (A): The main organ of human excretory system is kidney.
Reason (R): Kidneys perform the function of removing excess water and nitrogenous wastes from the
body.
Ans. (a)
Q 14. Assertion (A): Artificial kidney is a device used to remove nitrogenous waste products from the
blood through dialysis.
Reason (R): Reabsorption does not occur in artificial kidneys.
Ans. (b)
Q 15. Assertion (A): Human body produces highly toxic substances, which if not eliminated cause death.
Reason (R): Excretory organs remove nitrogenous waste from the body.
Ans. (b)
Q 16. Assertion (A): Haemodialysis can save the life of patients with kidney failure.
Reason (R): Waste products like urea can be removed from the blood by haemodialysis.
Ans. (a)
Q 17. Assertion (A): In humans, a major amount of water is absorbed by the tubular part of nephron.
Reason (R): Absorption of water depends on the dissolved waste to be excreted from the body.
Ans. (b)
Q 18. Assertion (A): Excretion is the biological process by which harmful wastes are removed from an
organism's body.
Reason (R): The mode of excretion is completely same in both unicellular and multicellular organisms.
Ans. (c)
Q 19. Assertion (A): Plants excrete various waste products during their life processes.
Reason (R): They produce urea just like humans.
Ans. (c)
CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS

CASE-1 : Carbon and energy requirement of the autotrophic organisms are fulfilled by
photosynthesis. It is the process by which autotrophs take in substances from outside and
convert them into stored forms of energy. This material is taken in the form of C02 & water
which is converted into carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight & chlorophyll.

Q1- .Write the equation of photosynthesis? Q2- Where does the O2 liberated during
photosynthesis come from?
Q3- What are the raw materials for photosynthesis?

CASE-2 The heart has four chambers.

The two upper chambers are called the atria (singular: atrium) and the two lower chambers are
called the ventricles. The partition between the chambers helps to avoid mixing up of blood rich in
oxygen with the blood rich in carbon dioxide.
Q1- Where is the heart located?
Q2- Why do Atria have thin walls and ventricles have thick walls?
Q3- Why is it necessary to prevent mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood?

MIND MAP

NUTRITION & RESPIRATION

TRANSPORTATION AND EXCRETION
TRANSPORTATION IN HUMAN BEINGS

TRANSPORTATION IN PLANTS

EXCRETION. ( MIND MAP)

DIAGRAM BASED QUESTIONS

NUTRITION & RESPIRATION

TRANSPORTATION AND EXCRETION
PERIODIC TEST- 1
SAMPLE PAPER M
M.- 15

SECTION- A. [ MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION] ( 1 mark )

Q5- During photosynthesis, light reaction occurs in which region of the chloroplast
(a) Stroma
(b) grana
(c ) outеr membrane
(d) inner membrane.

Q6- Gall bladder

( a) Reduces Bile.
( b) Adds mucus to the food.
( c ) Stores bile şecreted by liver
(d) Secretes saliva
Q7- Observe the diagram of an activity given below. What does it help to conclude when the
person exhales into the test tube.

(a) % of CO2 is more in inhaled air

(b) fermentation occurs in the presence of O2
( c) % of CO2 is more in exhaled air
(d) fermentation occurs in the presence CO2

ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTION

Q12- ASSERTION- Bile is not a true digestive juice.
REASON- Bile lacks digestive enzymes.

SECTION- B. VERY SHORT QUESTIONS ( 2 marks )

Q14- Why do fish die when taken out of water?

OR
Write two points of difference between respiration in plants and respiration in animals.
Q15- Explain why diffusion is not sufficient in multicellular organisms?
Q16- Define the following term:
i) glycolysis
ii) emulsification

SECTION- C SHORT QUESTIONS ( 3 marks )

Q19- Explain the mechanism of inhalation.

SECTION- D CASE BASED QUESTIONS ( 2 marks )

CASE- Carbon and energy requirement of the autotrophic organisms are fulfilled by
photosynthesis. It is the process by which autotrophs take in substances from outside and
convert them into stored forms of energy. This material is taken in the form of C02 & water
which is converted into carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight & chlorophyll.
i) Write the mechanism of photosynthesis.
ii) What are the raw materials required for photosynthesis?

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ORAL REVISION