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Social Sciences
Grade 5
Extension and Remediation

Worksheet Book
http://schools.pearson.co.za
MA S K E W MI LL E R L O N G M AN
9780636143081_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za_cvr.indd All Pages 2015/01/28 8:42 AM

Geography Topic 1: Target Worksheet A
1. Complete this drawing to show the eight points of the compass. (5)
N
2. Look at the map below. In which compass direction from India are
each of the following countries:
a. Germany b. Uruguay c. Australia d. South Africa (4)
3. Say whether each of the African countries listed below have a

coastline or are landlocked.
a. South Africa b. Tanzania c. Zimbabwe d. Chad (4)
4. Use the map on the next page to help you answer these questions.
a. Name a big city in the following countries: Namibia, Tanzania
and Mozambique. (3)
b. Name the sea along the north coast of Africa. (1)
c. Name the ocean on the east coast of Africa. (1)
Social Sciences Grade 5 © Pearson Marang (Pty) Ltd. Permission is granted to photocopy this page.
9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 1 2015/02/26 10:53

d. What are the two capital cities of South Africa? (2)
e. Name the two countries that border South Africa that have a
coastline and write the name of their capital cities next to each
of them. (4)
5. Answer the following questions on a physical map of Africa.

a. Say which of these things we find on a political or physical
map: rivers, capital cities, mountains and borders of
countries. (4 × ½ = 2)
b. Match the physical feature in the first column with its
description in the second column. (6)
Nile The largest hot, sandy desert in the world
Thabana Ntlenyana The highest point in Africa
Sahara The Nile River begins in this large area of fresh water
Maletsunyane The longest river in the world
Lake Victoria The highest peak in the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg mountains
Mount Kilimanjaro The highest waterfall in southern Africa

6. Fill in the name of a river, ocean, or country for each of the spaces
below.
a. Beitbridge crosses the ________ River, and is on the border
between South Africa and ________.
b. The ________ River crosses the Equator twice. It flows into the
________ Ocean.
c. The Kalahari Desert lies in Namibia and ________. (5)
7. Pictures of Africa. Look at the photographs below. Say which of the
photographs show:
a. a village
b. a city
c. subsistence farming (3)
(40 marks)

Geography Topic 1: Target Worksheet B
1. Look at the map below. In which compass direction from Germany

is each of the following countries:
a. South Africa b. Canada c. Uruguay d. Australia (4)
2. Remember that the Earth is round. In what direction would

an aeroplane fly from China to reach the United States and
South Africa? (2)
3. In which ocean do the following islands lie?
a. Comoros
b. Cape Verde (2)
4. Use the map on the following page to help you answer these questions.
a. What is the largest country in Africa? (1)
b. How many of the countries that the Equator runs through have
a coastline? Name these countries. (6)
c. Name the capital cities of the two landlocked countries
bordering South Africa. (2)
d. Name the two capitals of South Africa and say what province
each is in. (4)

5. Five physical features are described in the table below. Write down
the name of each feature in Column B. In Column C, write down the
name of the country in which the feature is found. Some of the
features stretch across more than one country. Write down just one
of the countries in which the feature is found. (10)
Column A: Description Column B: Name Column C: Country/
of feature countries where it is found
The highest point in Africa
The highest peak in the
uKhahlamba-Drakensberg
mountains
The highest waterfall in
southern Africa
The biggest waterfall in
the world
The largest lake in Africa
6. Fill in the name of a physical feature for each of the spaces below.
a. The ________ River is the longest river in the world. It starts in
Lake ________ and flows north into the ________ Sea.
b. The ________ River is the longest river in South Africa. It flows
into the ________ Ocean. (5)
7. How much higher is Mount Kilimanjaro than Mount Kenya?
8. How much higher is Mount Cameroon than Thabana Ntlenyana? (4)
(40 marks)

1. Match the words in the first column with the description in the
second column. (3)
Escarpment High lying areas that are inland
Coastal plain This is formed by the mountains between the coast and
the high lying inland areas
Plateau The flat low lying areas near the sea
2. Look at the physical map and answer the questions.
Height
Metres Limpopo
2 500 rg
Soutpa n s be
Lim
po
2 000
po
Low
1 500
veld
1 000
Waterberg
500 M
ar
ico
0
Croco
dile
Magaliesberg
Highveld
l
Vaa
l
Vaa P hongol o
Kalahari
Um Lake St. Lucia
Asbesberge foloz i
nge Augrabies Ga Tu
Nam
-O nge
O ra
Falls
rie
on
G arie p - la
ge
p
r
led
aqu
Ca
U
rg
alan
be
om
mk
aas
ns
d
ra
ke
-D
ba
zim
a m M
al
ku
uKh
lu
zimv u b
Stormberge
Rog
Sneeuberge
g
eve
Great
rge
Oli
Ke
eldbe
St
ldb
.H
fan
ev
Ced
Nuw
el
Winterberge
i
en
erg
ts
a
arbe
Ba
Great F
e
G am
y
Atlantic Ocean Great Karoo toos Su

nd
rg
ish
Be
Swartberg ay
rg
Lang s
Ta
berg Little Karoo

Gourits
bl
e
Ba
Bree
Al
y
Table
Table Mountain
go
de
Pl
St
a
et
M
Ba
.F
te
os
Cape Point
Fa
y
ra
nb
se
nc
ls
e
lB
rg
e
i sB
ay
Ba
Ba
ay
Cape Agulhas
y
Indian Ocean
a. What shade on the map (light, medium or dark) shows land

between 2 000 m and 2 500 m above sea level?
b. How high above sea level is the Kalahari?
c. How high above sea level are the Winterberge? (3)

3. Match each of these words to a photograph: mountain range, cape,
valley, bay. (Write each word next to the letter of the photograph.) (4)
A B
C D
4. Place the following in the correct columns in the table below:

Kalahari, Roggeveldberge, Great Kei, Great Karoo, Cedarberg,
Namaqualand, Tugela, Olifants, Sneeuberge. (9)
Rivers Mountain ranges Areas
5. Name the province in which each of the following physical features

is found:
a. Lake St Lucia (1)
b. Hole in the Wall (1)
c. Table Mountain (1)
d. Mossel Bay (1)

6. Match the word in the first column with its meaning in the second
column. (5)
Source the area drained by a river system
Catchment area a small river that flows into a bigger river
Tributary the start of a river or stream
Mouth a small river
Stream where a river flows into the sea
7. Look at the map.
Metres
Limpopo
2 500
rg
Soutpa n sbe
Lim
2 000
po
po
1 500
LIMPOPO
Low
1 000
veld
500 Waterberg
M
ar
0
ico
Croco
nsberg
dile
GAUTENG MPUMALANGA
Magaliesberg
-Drake
NORTH- Highveld
WEST l SWAZILAND
Vaa
lamba
uKha
l
Vaa P hongol o
Kalahari
Asbesberge FREE KWAZULU-Um folozi Lake St. Lucia
ge Augrabies Ga STATE NATAL Tu
rg
Nam
-O nge
sbe
O ra
Falls
rie
G arie p - on la
ge
p
r
led
en
aqu
rak
Um
Ca
LESOTHO
a-D
alan
ma
ko
NORTHERN mb as
M
ala
d
zim
CAPE uK
ku
lu
Mz
Stormberge
imv u b
Rog
Sneeuberge EASTERN
gev
e CAPE Great Ke
Oli
berg
eldb
St
eveld i
.H
fan
Ced
Nuw
el
Winterberge
en
erg
ts
a
Indian Ocean
a
Ba
Great F
e
rber
G am
y

Berg nd
ish
g
Swartberg ay
WESTERN L s
Ta
angb Little Karoo

Gourits
b le
CAPE erg
Ba
Bree
Al
y
TTable
able Mountain
go
de
Pl
St
a
et
M
Ba
.F
te
os
Cape Point
Fa
y
ra
nb
se
nc
ls
er
lB
e
is
g
ay
Ba
Ba
Ba
Cape Agulhas
y
y
a. Name two rivers that flow into the Atlantic Ocean. (2)
b. In which provinces are the Tugela, Great Fish and Breede Rivers
found? (3)
c. The Vaal, Caledon and Malopo Rivers are tributaries. Name the
river that each flows into. (3)
8. Why do more people live in flat or gently sloping areas than in
steep or rocky areas? (1)
9. Match the physical feature to the human activity that takes place there. (3)
Physical feature Human activity

Coastal plain Building a dam
Mountains Growing bananas
River Rock climbing
(40 marks)

1. The sketch below shows what South Africa looks like from the side.
Use these words to label the main physical features: coastal plain,
plateau, escarpment and ocean. (4)
D
C
B
A
2. Look at the physical map.
Metres
Limpopo
2 500
rg
Soutpa n sbe
Lim
2 000
po
po
1 500
LIMPOPO
Low
1 000
veld
500 Waterberg
M
ar
0
ico
Croco
nsberg
dile
GAUTENG MPUMALANGA
Magaliesberg
-Drake
NORTH- Highveld
WEST l SWAZILAND
Vaa
lamba
uKha
l
Vaa P hongol o
Kalahari
rg
Nam
-O nge
sbe
O ra
Falls
rie
on
G arie p - la
ge
p
r
led
en
aqu
rak
Um
Ca
LESOTHO
a-D
alan
ma
ko
mb
NORTHERN as
M
ala
d
h
zim
CAPE uK
ku
lu
Mz
Stormberge
imv u b
Rog
Sneeuberge EASTERN
gev
e CAPE Great Ke
Oli
berg
eldb
St
eveld i
.H
fan
Ced
Nuw
el
Winterberge
en
erg
ts
a
Indian Ocean
a
Ba
Great F
e
rber
G am
y

Berg nd
ish
g
Swartberg ay
WESTERN L s
Ta
angb Little Karoo

Gourits
b le
CAPE erg
Ba
Bree
Al
y
TTable
able Mountain
go
de
Pl
St
a
et
M
Ba
.F
te
os
Cape Point
Fa
y
ra
nb
se
nc
ls
er
lB
e
is
g
ay
Ba
Ba
Ba
Cape Agulhas
y
y
a. Name a mountain range that is higher than 2 000 m. (1)

b. Name three rivers that have their source in uKhahlamba-
Drakensberg. (3)
c. Name two mountain ranges in Limpopo Province. (2)
3. Complete the table by placing each of these physical features in the
correct column: Langberg, Plettenberg Bay, Umkomaas,
Asbesberge, Little Karoo and Sundays. (6)
Rivers Mountains Coastline features Areas

4. In which province is each feature in the table in question 3 found?
Write down the feature and next to it the province it is found in. (6)
5. Look at the map. Which rivers form the borders between these provinces?
a. Free State and Eastern Cape
b. North West and Free State (2)
Metres
Limpopo
2 500
rg
Soutpa n sbe
Lim
2 000
po
po
1 500
LIMPOPO
Low
1 000
veld
500 Waterberg
M
ar
0
ico
Croco
nsberg
dile
GAUTENG MPUMALANGA
Magaliesberg
-Drake
NORTH- Highveld
WEST a l SWAZILAND
V a
lamba
uKha
l
Vaa P hongol o
Kalahari
rg
Nam
-O nge
sbe
O ra
Falls
rie
on
G arie p - la
ge
p
led
en
aqu
rak
Um
Ca
LESOTHO
a-D
alan
ma
ko
mb
NORTHERN as
M
ala
d
zim
CAPE uK
ku
lu
Mz
Stormberge
imv u b
Rog
Sneeuberge EASTERN
gev
u
e CAPE Great Ke
Oli
berg
eldb
St
ld i
.H
e
fan
v
Ced
w e
el
N u Winterberge
en
erg
ts
a
Indian Ocean
a
Ba
Great F
e
rber
G am
y

Berg nd
ish
g
Swartberg ay
WESTERN L s
Ta
angb Little Karoo

Gourits
ble
CAPE erg
Ba
Bree
Al
y
TTable
able Mountain
go
de
Pl
St
a
et
M
Ba
.F
te
os
Cape Point
Fa
y
ra
nb
se
nc
ls
er
lB
e
is
g
ay
Ba
Ba
Ba
Cape Agulhas
y
y
6. Which rivers form the borders between the countries given below?
a. South Africa and Zimbabwe
b. South Africa and Namibia (2)
7. Follow the course of the Caledon River. Fill in the missing words.
The Caledon River has its source in the ________ Mountains. It flows
in a ________ direction along the border of ________ and the country
of ________. It then becomes the border between the Free State and
the ________. It changes direction and flows in a ________ direction
into the ________ River. (7)
8. The physical features of an area can have a lot to do with the

human activities that take place there.
a. Think of four activities that can take place in a river valley. (4)
b. Name three activities that can take place at the sea. (3)
(40 marks)

1. Arrange the wind speeds from the weakest to the strongest: breeze,
gale, strong wind, calm. (2)
2. List three types of precipitation. (3)
3. Say what element of weather we measure with:
a. a thermometer
b. a wind sock (2)
4. Use the weather map below to complete the following table. (12)
City Highest Lowest Wind Weather
temperature temperature direction
Cape Town
Johannesburg
Durban
CAPE TOWN
5. Each of these sentences is incorrect. Correct the sentences by

changing the underlined words.
a. The Northern Cape gets its rain in winter.
b. The province with the lowest rainfall is the Eastern Cape.
c. The areas that get rain all year round lie on the plateau.
d. The northern part of Limpopo gets 50 mm of rain a year. (4)

6. Look at the rainfall graph for Johannesburg to answer the questions.
a. How much rain usually falls in March?

b. Which is the wettest month?
c. Which is the driest month? (3)
7. What is the difference between weather and climate? (2)
8. Match the area in the first column with the description of the
weather in the second column. (4)
Namaqualand Most rain in summer. Very cold winter nights.
Highveld Hot and sticky in summer. Summer rain.
Eastern Coast Winter rain. Hot dry summers.
Western Cape Warm winters with cold frosty nights. The driest part of
South Africa.
9. Match the province with the type of vegetation found there. (4)
Open areas of grass Limpopo
Tough plants with thin leaves Northern Cape
Grass and scattered trees Western Cape
Plants with juicy leaves, stems, or roots Free State
10. Give one example of a savannah plant and explain how it is able to
survive. (3)
11. What kind of climate do savannahs have? (1)
(40 marks)

1. Arrange the wind speeds from the highest to the lowest: breeze,
gale, strong wind and calm. (2)
2. The highest temperature in Pretoria is 12 degrees, and the lowest
temperature is 4 degrees. It is partly cloudy and there is a north-
easterly wind blowing.
a. Draw the weather station information. (4)
b. Is this information for a summer or winter day? Why do you say so? (2)
3. Use the weather map to complete the table. (8)
CAPE TOWN
City Highest Lowest Wind Weather

temperature temperature direction
Port Elizabeth
Upington
4. Each of these sentences is incorrect. Correct the sentences by

changing the underlined words.
a. The rainfall in South Africa increases as we move from south
to north.
b. The province with the highest rainfall is the Northern Cape.
c. The areas that get rain in winter are on the south coast.
d. Gauteng gets 750 mm of rain a year. (4)

5. Look at the rainfall graph for Johannesburg to answer the questions.
a. How much more rain falls in February than in October? (2)

b. How much more does it rain in the wettest month than in the
driest month? (2)
c. In which two months is the rainfall the same? (2)
6. What is the difference between weather and climate? (2)
7. Which areas in South Africa have the following weather?
a. Warm, wet summers, and dry and very cold nights, sometimes
with snow.
b. Cold, wet winters and hot, dry summers.
c. Summer temperatures can reach over 40 degrees and there is
very little rain.
d. Most rain falls in summer and the winter nights are very cold. (4)
8. Complete the table. Fill in where this type of vegetation grows in
the second column, and give one characteristic of the vegetation in
the third column. (8)
Vegetation type Where it grows A characteristic
Protea
Aloe
Baobab trees
Forests
(40 marks)

1. Rocks and minerals are a non-renewable resource. What does

this mean? (2)
2. Use the map to answer the questions.
a. Name two provinces where diamonds are found. (2)

b. In which province do we find the largest coalfields? (1)
c. Name the two minerals that are found in the Western Cape. (2)
d. Give two uses for platinum. (2)
e. Give one use, other than jewellery, for diamonds. (1)
3. Place the following sentences in the correct order to show how coal
is formed.
More sand and rock piled on top of the old swamps.
Trees died and fell into the swamps.
The trees, sand and soil were squashed into different rocks.
Rivers washed sand and soil into the swamps. (4)
4. List three ways that industries use coal. (3)
5. What is the difference between a shaft and a tunnel? (2)

6. Label the diagram of a deep level gold mine. Use the following labels:
lift, tunnel, ventilation pipes, special lift bucket, shaft, ventilation
pump, roof supports, explosives are used to break up rocks. (8)
7. Write down four ways that mining damages the environment. (4)
8. What is silicosis? (1)
9. What causes silicosis? (2)
10. How does it affect the lungs? (2)
11. Write down two other dangers that miners face. (2)
12. How do miners protect themselves from rock falls? (2)
(40 marks)

1. Give two examples of renewable resources and two examples of

non-renewable resources. (2)
2. Use the map to answer the questions.
a. Name the main province where each of the following minerals is

found: coal, diamonds, platinum. (3)
b. In which provinces do we find the largest goldfields? (2)
c. Name three minerals that can be used for jewellery. (3)
3. Draw a simple mind map to show all the different uses of coal. Your
mind map must show how we use coal for fuel, in industry, and in
our homes. (10)
4. Mining damages our environment in many different ways. Write
a paragraph that tells of the different ways that mining causes
damage. (5)
5. Draw a simple sketch to show a shaft mine. You must label the
following on your sketch: shaft, tunnel, roof supports, ventilation
pump and lift. (10)
6. Miners face many dangers when they work underground. Write a
paragraph describing the dangers miners face every day at work. (5)
(40 marks)

History Topic 1: Target Worksheet A
1. Answer the following questions about the San.

a. What did men do to provide food?
b. What did women do to provide food?
c. In what age did the San live?
d. Why did the San live in small groups or families?
e. What is a shaman? (5)
2. Answer the following questions about the Khoikhoi.
a. When did the Khoikhoi arrive in southern Africa?
b. Where did they come from?
c. Which part of southern Africa did they inhabit?
d. Give the name for people who look after livestock.
e. Why did the Khoikhoi move when the seasons changed? (5)
3. Look at the South African Coat of Arms
alongside.
a. Fill in the missing words for A–E on
the Coat of Arms. (5) A
b. What does (B) symbolise (stand for)? (1)
B
c. Why has (D) been included in the B
national Coat of Arms? (1) E
d. Why is South Africa’s motto written
C
in the San language? (1)
e. Give the English translation of D
the motto. (2)
4. Say what the San used the following
plants for:
a. Hoodia b. Buchu c. Bushman’s poison
d. Sickle bush roots e. Sickle bush bark (5)
5. Say whether the following statements are true or false.
a. The Khoikhoi were the earliest inhabitants of what is now South Africa.
b. San hunters’ bows were made from tough, elastic branches.
c. Linton is in the Eastern Cape.
d. The San made tools from iron.
e. Archaeology is the study of objects to find out how people lived
in the past. (5)
6. What were the main differences between the Khoikhoi and the San
way of life? (5)
7. Write a paragraph on what happened when the Khoikhoi met the San. (5)
(40 marks)

History Topic 1: Target Worksheet B
1. What is archaeology? (2)

2. What materials did San artists use to make brushes? (2)
3. How did the San make white paint and what was it used to paint? (2)
4. How were the colours red, orange and purple made? (2)
5. What is the main disadvantage that archaeologists experience? (2)
6. Answer the following quiz questions.
a. Why is it possible to look at San rock art in every part of South Africa?
b. What is ethnography?
c. Explain the term ‘hunter-gatherers’.
d. How did the San use poison in their daily life?
e. What is the point of keeping a cow if you are not going to eat it?
(5 × 2 = 10)
7. Write an email to a friend who has
moved to another town. In your email
describe your visit to either the South
African Museum in Cape Town or the
site of a San rock painting. The
painting you saw is the one shown
here. Explain to your friend what
you think the painting shows. (10)
8. What were the main differences
between the Khoikhoi and San
way of life? (5)
9. What are the main differences between the way of life of the people
studied in this chapter (the San and Khoikhoi) and you and your
classmates in modern times? Use this table as a guide. You need
only fill in five rows and you can use your own categories. This is
just a suggestion.
San and Khoikhoi Modern

Housing
Transport
Education
Art
Communication
Diet
(5)
(40 marks)

1. Why are the Ages named after iron and stones?

2. Which came first, the Iron Age or the Stone Age?
3. Which group of people in southern Africa first domesticated animals?
4. How long is a decade?
5. How long is a millennium?
6. What is the name given to a person who makes iron tools?
7. What is the word for melting metal at high temperatures?
8. What is used to melt metal?
9. Why did farmers need sharp tools?
10. Which date is further in the past, 250 BC or 120 BC? (10)
11. Fill in the missing words.
For Khoikhoi people and African farmers, cattle were a symbol of
________(a)________. They were only slaughtered on
________(b)________ occasions involving the ________(c)________.
Only cattle that were no longer able to ________(d)________ or
produce ________(e)________ were killed. Cattle ________(f)________
were made into leather for clothes. (6)
12. Explain how important cattle were in terms of:

a. helping poorer people b. allowing a man to marry (2 × 2 = 4)
13. List the main things that an African farming community had
to think about before settling in an area. (3)
14. Name the two most important crops of African farmers. (2)
15. Why do metal-smiths heat metal? (2)
16. When were the Lydenburg Heads made? (1)
17. Where are the Lydenburg Heads today? (1)
18. Why were the Lydenburg Heads buried? (1)
19. What do archaeologists believe the Lydenburg Heads were used for? (2)
20. Was land in African farming communities owned by private
individuals or by the community? (1)
21. Say who was in charge of:
a. a household b. a homestead c. a village (3)
22. Which members of the community would help chiefs if there were
arguments between people? (1)
23. Write down three tasks that were given to women in African
farming communities. (3)
(40 marks)

1. Place the arrival of the following groups in southern Africa in the

correct order: Khoikhoi, European, San, African farmers. (4)
2. Place these dates in the correct order (earliest first):
100 BC, 1650 AD, 400 BC, 400 AD, 18 000 BC. (4)
3. Explain in detail why the first farmers in southern Africa settled in
the eastern half of the country. (4)
4. Explain how the lifestyles of the Khoisan and the African farmers
were:
a. different (2)
b. similar (2)
5. Write a paragraph explaining the central role played by cattle in the
life of African farmers. (5)
6. Write a paragraph in which you describe the religious and healing
powers that sangomas and herbalists had in African farming culture. (5)
7. Why are archaeologists
more likely to discover
objects from the Iron Age
than from the Stone Age? (2)
8. Why do archaeologists
often find objects that
were used in cooking or
preparing food? (2)
9. Give examples of useful
objects from the Iron Age
that tell us about life in
southern Africa at that
time. (2)
10. Why was the discovery of
the Lydenburg Heads so
important? (3)
11. Imagine that you have to introduce to a Khoikhoi leader a group of
African farmers who want to move into the area where the Khoikhoi
have been living for many years. You must prepare notes for a
speech you will give to the Khoikhoi leader. You must:
a. explain the most important aspects of the African farmers’ lifestyle
b. suggest ways that the two communities can get along peacefully. (5)
(40 marks)

1. When did the following events take place?

a. Settlement of people along the Nile River
b. The construction of the Great Pyramid at Giza
c. Egyptians developed a system of writing
d. The discovery of the Rosetta Stone
e. The discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun (5)
2. Explain the importance of the Nile River for:
a. farming
b. religion
c. trade (3 × 2 = 6)
3. What kind of work did these people do in ancient Egypt?
a. slave
b. pharaoh
c. craftsman
d. scribe (4 × 2 = 8)
4. Fill in the missing words.
Egyptians believed in ________(a)________ gods, including the
________(b)________ and the Nile River. The rise of floodwaters
represented the ________(c)________ of the land. The most powerful
god was called ________(d)________. Rich Egyptians had their
dead bodies preserved because they believed that a person’s
________(e)________ lived on after death. The high priest in every
temple was the ________(f)________ . (6)
5. What kept Egyptians safe from attack? (2)

6. How did the fertile soil of Egypt help the country become so good
at inventions? (2)
7. Write down four things invented by ancient Egyptians. (4)
8. Why was mathematics important to Egyptians? (3)
9. What did ancient Egyptian doctors find out about the human pulse? (2)
10. Name two famous Greek philosophers who studied in Egypt. (2)
(40 marks)

1. Fill in the crossword. Read the clues and fill in the crossword. Down
clues are given as letters of the alphabet (a–e). Across clues are
given as numbers (1–5).
(b)
(a) 1
(d) 2 (e)
(3)
(c)
(4)
(5)
Clues: ACROSS
1. A holy man
2. Worked for seven years, and then made a great discovery
3. The greatest god (two words together)
4. Egypt’s first queen
5. Container in a tomb that you can see, but not a basket
Clues: DOWN
a. Another word for royalty
b. Where the Great Pyramid was built
c. It has the body of a lion and the head of king
d. Egypt’s most famous queen
e. A stone that helped translators (10 × 2 = 20)

2. Write down four Egyptian inventions that proves their civilisation
was advanced. (4)
3. Explain why it was in Egypt and not in other places that these
inventions could take place. Why were Egyptians able to spend
time studying mathematics and astronomy and inventing things? (4)
4. How do we know that Egyptian medicine was very advanced? (1)
5. How did Egyptian doctors learn about anatomy? (1)
6. What do we learn about ancient Egypt from studying pyramids
and temples? (3)
7. What do we learn about ancient Egypt from studying the contents
of Tutankhamun’s tomb? (3)
8. How did the wider world first come to learn about the amazing
civilisation of Egypt and what it had to offer? (4)
(40 marks)

1. Give the meaning of the following words:

a. heritage
b. diverse
c. fossil
d. indigenous
e. hominid (5)
2. In which province is Mapungubwe located? (1)
3. What is the capital city of that province today? (1)
4. What kind of farming was done there? (2)
5. What did the people make from iron? (2)
6. Why was the black rhinoceros chosen as a symbol of leadership? (2)
7. What does the Golden Rhinoceros that was found at the site tell us
about the people who used to live at Mapungubwe? (2)
8. Write a short paragraph about heritage in each of the following
provinces:
a. Gauteng
b. Free State
c. KwaZulu-Natal
d. North West (4 × 3 = 12)
9. Why do international scientists travel to Barberton? (2)
10. In what modern province is Barberton located and what is the
capital city of that province? (2)
11. What are the leaves of aloes used for? (2)
12. In what province are aloes found and what is the capital city of
that province? (2)
13. Explain why Frances Baard was honoured by having a District
Municipality named after her. (5)
(40 marks)

1. Do you agree with the following statement: ‘South Africa has a very
diverse heritage’? (2)
2. List three types of:
a. tangible heritage b. intangible heritage (6)
3. Of the six items you wrote down in 2, which item is the most useful
for historians? Give a reason. (2)
4. Look at the heritage map and answer the questions.
a. Match each of the heritage 1
sites numbered on the map
with one of the heritage
sites listed here. There are 3
more sites listed than there 5
are numbers on the map

so you must leave some
out. Gariep Dam, 2
Mapungubwe, Makhonjwa
4
Mountains, The Castle,
Cradle of Humankind,
uKhahlamba Park,
Kaditshwene. (5 × 1 = 5)
b. For each of the heritage
sites that you have listed,
give the province in which that site is located and the capital city
of that province. Number your answers a–e. (5 × 2 = 10)
5. What does a paleontologist do? (2)
6. What is a fossil? (2)
7. Why did the people of Mapungubwe choose the black rhinoceros as
a symbol of leadership? (2)
8. Who built the Castle of the Cape of Good Hope? (2)
9. Why do international scientists visit the Makhonjwa Mountains? (2)
10. What do we learn about history and heritage by studying the fact
that the name of South Africa’s biggest dam has been changed?
What was the dam called and what is it called now? Do you agree
that the name should have been changed? (5)
(40 marks)

Target Worksheet Answers

1. (5)
N
NW NE
W E
SW SE
S
2. a. Germany – north-west b. Uruguay – south-west

c. Australia – south-east d. South Africa – south-west (4)
3. a. South Africa – has a coastline b. Tanzania – has a coastline
c. Zimbabwe – landlocked d. Chad – landlocked (4)
4. a. Namibia – Windhoek, Tanzania – Dar es Salaam, Mozambique – Maputo (3)
b. Mediterranean Sea (1)
c. Indian Ocean (1)
d. Cape Town and Pretoria (2)
e. Namibia – Windhoek, Mozambique – Maputo (4)
5. a. Rivers – physical; capital cities – political; mountains – physical; borders of
countries – political (4 × ½ = 2)
b. (6)
Nile D The longest river in the world
Thabana Ntlenyana E The highest peak in the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg mountains
Sahara A The largest hot, sandy desert in the world
Maletsunyane F The highest waterfall in southern Africa
Lake Victoria C The Nile River begins in this large area of fresh water
Mount Kilimanjaro B The highest point in Africa
6. a. Beitbridge crosses the Limpopo River, and is on the border between South Africa
and Zimbabwe.
b. The Congo River crosses the Equator twice. It flows into the Atlantic Ocean.
c. The Kalahari Desert lies in Namibia and Botswana. (5)
7. a. a village – photograph 3
b. a city – photograph 2
c. subsistence farming – photograph 1 (3)
(40 marks)

1. a. South Africa – south b. Canada – west
c. Uruguay – south-west d. Australia – south-east (4)
2. China to the United States – east
China to South Africa – south-west (2)
3. a. Indian b. Atlantic (2)

4. a. Algeria (1)
b. Five: Gabon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Somalia (6)
c. Maseru and Mbabane (2)
d. Pretoria – Gauteng, Cape Town – Western Cape (4)
5. (10)
Column A: Description Column B: Name Column C: Country/
of feature countries where it is found
The highest point in Africa Mount Kilimanjaro Tanzania
The highest peak in the Thabana Ntlenyana Lesotho

uKhahlamba-Drakensberg
mountains
The highest waterfall in Maletsunyane Lesotho

southern Africa
The biggest waterfall in Victoria Falls Zimbabwe/Zambia

the world
The largest lake in Africa Lake Victoria Uganda/Kenya/Tanzania
6. a. The Nile River is the longest river in the world. It starts in Lake Victoria and flows
north into the Mediterranean Sea.
b. The Orange River is the longest river in South Africa. It flows into the
Atlantic Ocean. (5)
7. Mount Kilimanjaro is 5 895 m, Mount Kenya is 5 199 m; 5 895 m – 5 199 m = 696 m
8. Mount Cameroon is 4 095 m, Thabana Ntlenyana is 3 482 m; 4 095 m – 3 482 m = 613 m (4)
(40 marks)

1. (3)
Escarpment This is formed by the mountains between the coast and the
high-lying inland areas
Coastal plain The flat low-lying areas near the sea
Plateau High-lying areas that are inland
2. a. Medium to dark
b. Between 500 and 1 000 m
c. Between 1 500 and 2 000 m (3)
3. mountain range – D, cape – A, valley – B, bay – C (4)
4. (9)
Rivers Mountain ranges Areas
Great Kei Roggeveldberge Kalahari
Tugela Cedarberg Namaqualand
Olifants Sneeuberge Great Karoo
5. a. Lake St Lucia – KwaZulu-Natal (1)
b. Hole in the Wall – Eastern Cape (1)
c. Table Mountain – Western Cape (1)
d. Mossel Bay – Western Cape (1)

6. (5)
Source the start of a river or stream
Catchment area the area drained by a river system
Tributary a small river that flows into a bigger river
Mouth where a river flows into the sea
Stream a small river
7. a. Any two of following: Orange, Olifants, Berg (2)
b. Tugela – KwaZulu-Natal, Great Fish – Eastern Cape, Breede – Western Cape (3)
c. Vaal – Orange, Caledon – Orange, Malopo – Limpopo (3)
8. It is easier to build there. (1)
9. Match the physical feature to the human activity that takes place there. (3)
Physical feature Human activity

Coastal plain Growing bananas
Mountains Rock climbing
River Building a dam
(40 marks)

1. A – ocean B – coastal plain C – escarpment D – plateau (4)
2. a. uKhahlamba-Drakensberg (1)
b. Any three of following: Umzimvubu, Umkomaas, Caledon, Tugela, Mzinkulu (3)
c. Waterberg, Soutpansberg (2)
3. (6)
Rivers Mountains Coastline features Areas
Umkomaas Langberg Plettenberg Bay Little Karoo
Sundays Asbesberge
4. a. Langberg – Western Cape
b. Plettenberg Bay – Western Cape
c. Umkomaas – KwaZulu-Natal
d. Asbesberge – Northern Cape
e. Little Karoo – Western Cape
f. Sundays – Eastern Cape (6)
5. a. Caledon; b. Vaal (2)
6. a. Limpopo b. Gariep-Orange (2)
7. The Caledon River has its source in the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Mountains. It flows in
a south-westerly direction along the border of Free State and the country of Lesotho. It
then becomes the border between the Free State and the Eastern Cape/Northern Cape. It
changes direction and flows in a north-westerly direction into the Gariep-Orange River. (7)
8. Learners answers will vary. Accept any valid answer. Examples are:
a. Crop farming, fruit farming, settlement, boating, fishing, hiking (4)
b. Fishing, boating, swimming, seaweed collecting, shell collecting, surfing, settlement,
hiking (3)
(40 marks)

1. calm, breeze, strong wind, gale (2)
2. Any three of the following: rain, snow, hail, sleet (3)
3. a. a thermometer – temperature

b. a wind sock – wind direction (2)
4. (12)
City Highest Lowest Wind direction Weather
temperature temperature
Cape Town 17 12 north-west rain

Johannesburg 23 7 west sunny
Durban 27 16 south cloudy
5. a. The Western Cape gets its rain in winter.
b. The province with the lowest rainfall is the Northern Cape.
c. The areas that get rain all year round lie on the coast.
d. The northern part of Limpopo gets 300 mm of rain a year. (4)
6. a. 90 mm
b. January
c. July (3)
7. The weather describes the conditions on a particular day. The climate describes the
general weather conditions for a long period of time. (2)
8. (4)
Namaqualand Warm winters with cold frosty nights. The driest part of South Africa.
Highveld Most rain in summer. Very cold winter nights.
Eastern Coast Hot and sticky in summer. Summer rain.
Western Cape Winter rain. Hot dry summers.
9. (4)
Open areas of grass Free State
Tough plants with thin leaves Western Cape
Grass and scattered trees Limpopo
Plants with juicy leaves, stems, or roots Northern Cape
10. The Acacia tree has long tap roots to find water far under the ground. They have thorns
to protect them from being completely eaten by animals. (3)
11. Warm, dry winters and summer rainfall (1)
(40 marks)

1. gale, strong wind, breeze, calm (2)
2. The highest temperature in Pretoria is 12 degrees, and the lowest is 4 degrees. It is partly
cloudy and there is a north-easterly wind.
a. Pretoria 4/12 (4)
b. Winter. It is cold/the temperatures are low. (2)

3. (8)
City Highest Lowest Wind direction Weather
temperature temperature
Port Elizabeth 16 11 south-westerly Cloudy/rain
Upington 25 7 south-easterly Sunny/clear
4. a. The rainfall in South Africa increases as we move from west to east.

b. The province with the lowest rainfall is the Northern Cape.
c. The areas that get rain in winter are the south western parts.
d. Gauteng gets 500 mm of rain a year. (4)

5. a. February – 90 mm, October – 70 mm: 90 mm – 70 mm = 20 mm (2)
b. Wettest month – 122 mm, driest month – 3 mm: 122 mm – 3 mm = 119 mm (2)
c. February and March (2)
6. The weather describes the conditions on a particular day. The climate describes the
general weather conditions for a long period of time. (2)
7. a. Drakensberg
b. Western Cape
c. Kalahari
d. Highveld (4)
8. Answer guide: (8)
Vegetation type Where it grows A characteristic

Protea South-western parts of South Can survive strong winds and hot
Africa/winter rainfall area summers
Aloe The Karoo/very dry areas Have thick, juicy leaves, stems, or roots
Baobab trees Places with dry, warm winters They store water in their trunks
and wet summers
Forests Areas that are warm and wet Trees are tall and dense
all year round
(40 marks)

1. They are something we can use only once. They do not grow again. (2)
2. a. Free State, Northern Cape, Western Cape (Accept any two answers.) (2)
b. Mpumalanga (1)
c. Diamonds, iron (2)
d. jewellery, car industry, electrical industries (Accept any two answers.) (2)
e. cutting machines (1)
3. Trees died and fell into swamps.
Rivers washed sand and soil into the swamps.
More sand and rock piled on top of the old swamps.
The trees, sand and soil were squashed into different rocks. (4)
4. Accept any three ways in which industries use coal. (3)
5. A shaft is a vertical passage through rocks that can be used as an air vent. A tunnel is a
horizontal passage. (2)
6. (8)
roof supports
ventilation
pump
ventilation
pipes
lift
special lift
bucket
shaft
explosives are used
tunnel to break up rocks

7. Accept any four of the following answers:
• Soil and vegetation is removed.
• Animals die because they lose their food supplies.
• Mines may replace valuable farmland and forests.
• The dust from mines is bad for people’s health.
• Acid mine water can get into our water supply.
• Mines can pollute the air, water and soil. (4)
8. Silicosis is a lung disease that miners can get. (1)
9. It is caused by breathing in air that contains a lot of dust. (2)
10. The dust attacks the lining of the lungs and stops the lungs from getting enough oxygen. (2)
11. Accept any two of the following: rock falls, explosions, injury from machinery. (2)
12. They wear helmets and other protective clothing. (2)
(40 marks)

1. Accept any two of the following or any other valid answer.
Renewable – trees, fish, water, plants, animals, soil
Non-renewable – gold, coal, diamonds, oil, copper (2)
2. a. coal – Mpumalanga, diamonds – Northern Cape, platinum – North West (3)
b. Gauteng and Free State (2)
c. Gold, platinum, diamonds (3)
3. Learners draw mind maps of the uses of coal. The mind maps must show how we use
coal for fuel (transport, powering machines in industry, in products, electricity) and in
our homes (electricity, products that are made from or that contain coal). (10)
4. Paragraph to include any five impacts:
• Soil and vegetation is removed.
• Animals die because they lose their food supplies.
• Mines may replace valuable farmland and forests.
• The dust from mines is bad for people’s health.
• Acid mine water can get into our water supply.
Mines can pollute the air, water and soil. (5)
5. (10)
roof supports
ventilation
pump
lift
shaft
tunnel
6. Paragraph to include five dangers (accept any valid points):

• rock falls
• explosions
• heat
• dust which may cause silicosis
• poisonous gases
• injury (5)
(40 marks)

1. a. The men hunted.
b. The women gathered plants and herbs.
c. Stone Age
d. Small groups are easier to feed when you are on the move/resources are limited
e. a holy man/ can enter a trance and communicate with god (5)
2. a. 2 000 years ago
b. north
c. south-western
d. pastoralists
e. for better grazing for their livestock/cattle (5)
3. a. secretary bird, elephant tusks, San, wheat, knobkerrie (5)
b. power, strength (1)
c. to show that people must eat, to represent agriculture, to symbolise fruitfulness
(Accept any reasonable answer.) (1)
d. to honour the memory of the San in South African history (1)
e. ‘People who are different join together.’ (2)
4. a. Hoodia: to stop hunger and thirst
b. Buchu: cure stomach aches
c. Bushman’s poison: to put poison on arrow tips, kill animals
d. Sickle bush roots: cure snake bite
e. Sickle bush bark: cure for headaches and toothache (5)
5. a. False b. True
c. True d. False
e. True (5)
6. San hunted meat. Khoikhoi herded animals.
San ate game animals. Khoikhoi ate cows, goats and sheep.
San carried all their belongings (they had very few). Khoikhoi transported their
belongings on animals (cattle).
San lived all over South Africa at one time. Khoikhoi lived in the south west.
(Award 2 marks for two points and 1 mark for a good paragraph.) (5)
7. There was competition for scarce resources, cattle.
The Khoikhoi thought the San inferior because they did not keep livestock.
When game stocks dropped, the San stole from the Khoikhoi.
This caused conflict.
Khoikhoi organised into larger groups to fight.
San went into the mountains and desert areas.
Some San joined the Khoikhoi as servants and married.
They became known as Khoisan.
(Award any four points 1 mark each and 1 mark for a good paragraph.) (5)
(40 marks)

1. Archaeology is the study of objects to find out how people lived in the past. (2)
2. feathers, hair (2)
3. from white clay, to paint faces (2)
4. from heating iron /that was rusted/ and grinding it into power (Accept any two answers.) (2)
5. The main disadvantage that archaeologists face is that no-one from the era they study is
alive, and/or there are no written records to confirm the meaning of objects or works of
art. (Award 2 marks for either answer.) (2)
6. a. The San settled in every part of South Africa (before moving west to the desert).
b. Ethnography is the study of the way people live now to understand how their
ancestors lived many years ago (if those people live in similar ways).

c. The San are known as ‘hunter-gatherers’ because the men hunted game (for meat)
and the women gathered plants and herbs.
d. The poison was placed on the tips of arrows, which were used to disable animals.
e. Cows can be kept for milk, or for religious reasons. (5 × 2 = 10)
7. Award marks as follows.
• Email format: 2
• Items in painting chosen and described: 4
• Quality of description and imagination shown: 4
• Items that must be mentioned:
– human in top left with arms outstretched
– giraffes
– that a hunt is under way
– eland (and mention of special power San believed this animal had) (10)
8. San hunted meat, Khoikhoi herded animals.
San ate game animals. Khoikhoi ate cows, goats and sheep.
San carried all their belongings. Khoikhoi transported their belongings on animals (cattle).
San lived all over South Africa at one time. Khoikhoi lived in the south-west.
(Award 2 marks for any two points and 1 mark for a good paragraph.) (5)
9.
San and Khoikhoi Modern
Housing In the open In a house, flat
Transport Walk Cars, trains, taxis
Education From parents, grandparents, School, college, university
from life
Art Rock art with natural Paint still exists but now also
material sculpture, other materials
Communication Talking, song, dance Still talking dance and song, but also
technology: telephone, radio,
television, etc.
Diet Meat, milk, plants in natural The same but also much more
state. Cooking. processed food, more salt, more sugar.
Two good entries per line earn one mark. Learners can come up with their own category
(e.g. dance, religion). (5)
(40 marks)

1. Tools were made from stone and iron in those times.
2. Stone Age 3. Khoikhoi
4. ten years 5. one hundred years (a century)
6. metal-smith 7. smelting
8. furnace 9. to clear bush to make fields for their crops
10. 250 BC (10)
11. a. wealth b. special or religious
c. ancestors d. breed
e. milk f. hides (6)
12. a. Cattle could be loaned to poorer people, giving that family milk and eventually
calves (thus wealth).
b. Cattle were used as lobola, so if a man had many cows he could afford to marry
many women. (2 × 2 = 4)
13. soil quality; rainfall; temperature (3)
14. sorghum; millet (2)

15. They heat it to make it soft so that it can be made into weapons. (2)
16. about 500 AD (1)
17. South African Museum in Cape Town (1)
18. They were thought to be dangerous. (1)
19. The Lydenburg Heads were used in initiation ceremonies, the heads were used as masks
when contacting ancestors. (2)
20. community (1)
21. a. a household – wife
b. a homestead – husband (headman)
c. a village – chief (3)
22. older men (1)
23. cooking, brewing beer, fetching wood, fetching water, looking after children, working in
fields (Accept any three of these.) (3)
(40 marks)

1. San, Khoikhoi, African farmers, Europeans (4)
2. 18 000 BC, 400 BC, 100 BC, 400 AD, 1650 AD (4)
3. Farmers had crops (millet and sorghum); the crops needed summer rain, only the eastern
half of southern Africa has summer rain, also good soil and good temperature. (Accept
any four of the answers.) (4)
4. a. different:
Khoikhoi were nomadic; African farmers settled in one place.
Khoikhoi gathered herbs and plants; African farmers grew crops. (2)
b. similar:
Both had domestic animals.
Women worked with plants (in the field/in the veld). (2)
5. Central role played by cattle in the life of African farmers:
• symbolic of wealth
• kraal containing cattle placed at centre of settlement
• only slaughtered on special occasions (religious, ancestors)
• only cattle beyond breeding age were slaughtered
• only cattle no longer able to deliver milk were slaughtered
• cattle could be loaned to poorer people (for milk and later wealth through calves)
• cattle were used as lobola in marriage
(Accept any five.) (5)
6. Sangomas:
• also called healers and nyangas
• specially trained
• chosen by ancestors
• they could communicate with ancestors (Accept any three.)
Herbalists:
• also called healers
• used plant medicine
• have a good knowledge of what each plant can cure
(Accept any two.) (5)
7. Iron Age objects will last longer because they are made from a more durable material.
Objects include arrow heads (stone will turn to dust over time). (2)
8. The kitchen or food preparation area was the most used by the community. The
community’s most important objects were pots. (2)
9. pots, arrow heads (weapons), religious artefacts (Lydenburg Heads), tall stone marking a
chief’s kgotla, old furnace
(Accept any two.) (2)
10. The discovery of the Lydenburg Heads was important because it was believed that these

types of masks were thrown away after use and therefore they were very rare. They give
clues as to the spiritual life of Iron Age people. They give clues into initiation rituals.
They are very old (500 AD). (Accept any three.) (3)
11. Learners’ notes for a speech should include:
a. Most important lifestyle elements:
African farmers farm land collectively.
African farmers have domestic animals (like the Khoikhoi).
African farmers grow crops so they will not be nomadic.
African farmers have iron technology.
(Accept any three.)
b. Ways that the two communities can get along peacefully:
It would not be diplomatic to suggest that the Khoikhoi become servants!
Khoikhoi are skilled herders. They could work for farmers or become farmers.
Intermarriage
(Learners’ suggestions will vary. Accept any two reasonable suggestions.) (3 + 2 = 5)
(40 marks)

1. a.5 000 years ago or 3 000 BC
b.2450 BC
c.3400 BC
d.1799
e.1922 (5)
2. a.farming: irrigated crops, flooding improved soil, fishing good
b.religion: river brought life, after floods the crops would grow, it could also bring
death (flooding)
c. trade: Egyptians could trade up and down the 6 600 km waterway, trading gold,
copper, tin, granite, wheat and barley for silver, spices, etc. (3 × 2 = 6)
3. a. slave: housework, mining, building, manual labour
b. pharaoh: king, ruler of the country, high priest of every temple
c. craftsman: made pots, clothes, jewellery, shoes
d. scribe: reading, research, keeping records, writing things down (4 × 2 = 8)
4. a. many
b. sun
c. death
d. Amun Ra
e. spirit
f. pharaoh (6)
5. the mountains, the desert (2)
6. The fertile soil meant that fewer people were needed for farming, which meant more
people could study. (2)
7. Paper, the sail, 365-day calendar, fractions, ox-drawn plough, legal contracts, black ink
(Accept any four.) (4)
8. Farmers used mathematics to work out planting schedules. Builders used mathematics to
work out angles in building and how much stone to use. Traders used mathematics to
work out the value of trade items. Astronomers used mathematics. (Accept any three.) (3)
9. They discovered that the human pulse is related to the heart beat. (2)
10. Plato. Pythagoras. (2)
(40 marks)

1. (b)
G
(a) 1
P R I E S T
H Z
(d) 2 (e)
A A C A R T E R
(3)
A M U N R A L O
(c)
O S E S
A P O E
(4)
H A T S H E P U T
I A T
N T A
X R
(5)
C A S K E T
ACROSS
1. Priest
2. Carter
3. AmunRa
4. Hatsheput
5. casket (clue contains a pun on ‘see’ = letter c in casket)
DOWN
a. pharaoh
b. Giza
c. sphinx
d. Cleopatra
e. Rosetta (10 × 2 = 20)
2. paper, the sail, 365-day calendar, fractions, legal contracts, black ink
3. The Nile River is the key:
• fertile soil meant it was very easy to grow things
• fewer people were needed to farm
• because people did not need to spend all their time farming, they were able to study,
have recreation and experiment
• cities were formed
• Egypt was also protected by mountains and the desert from attack. This safe
environment created stability.
4. We can tell from the information they left behind. (1)
5. They learnt by preparing dead bodies for mummification. (1)

6. Ancient Egypt had plenty of cheap labour. Slaves did most of the heavy lifting.
There were clever builders who used sophisticated mathematics to work out building
supplies and angles for construction.
Ancient Egyptian society was wealthy and could afford to build monuments.
Ancient Egyptians cared deeply about their souls after they died (only nobility had
money to spend on tombs though).
(Accept any three points, or any other valid points that learners may make.) (3)
7. Egypt was very wealthy. The coffin was made of pure gold.
Egyptians believed the soul/spirit lived on.
Egyptians used perfume.
Egyptian leaders used chariots. (3)
8. The wider world first came to learn of the amazing civilisation of Egypt through trade.
Egypt’s location is very central: it is on the Mediterranean Sea; Red Sea; Sahara Desert
(through which there are many trade routes); and the Nile River itself, which carries
trade and people thousands of kilometres. Greek philosophers came to study in Egypt.
They took the ideas and knowledge they had gained from the Egyptians back to Greece.
Other countries also came to know about Egypt through conflict (war). (4)
(40 marks)

1. a. heritage: handed down from the past
b. diverse: different, showing variety
c. fossil: remains of plants and animals preserved in rocks
d. indigenous: local
e. hominid: an early being that walked and used tools (5)
2. Limpopo (1)
3. Polokwane (1)
4. crop farming, livestock farming (2)
5. weapons, tools (2)
6. The black rhinoceros is strong. The black rhinoceros is aware of what goes on around it. (2)
7. The Golden Rhinoceros tells us that Mapungubwe had gold; they had craftsmen who
could make beautiful objects; it was a sophisticated civilization. (Accept any two.) (2)
8. a. Gauteng
Sterkfontein is a famous fossil site. It is home to the Cradle of Humankind.
Hominid remains from 3 million years ago were found in the area. Examples of the
remains are Mrs Ples, Little Foot and Karabo.
b. Free State
This province has a major dam that was named after a former prime minister,
Verwoerd. Verwoerd was famous for inventing apartheid (a founder). The old name
has been changed to a new, San name, Gariep. The name was changed to
acknowledge the San’s role in history. Gariep Dam is the largest dam in South Africa.
c. KwaZulu-Natal
This province is home to the uKhahlamba Park in the Drakensberg Mountains.
The park is a world heritage site. There are more than 40 000 rock art paintings in it.
d. North West
The North West province has good examples of traditional architecture. It is home to
the ancestors of Setswana-speaking people. African farmers formed towns in this
area. The towns had walls built of stone. The ruins of the town of Kaditshwene are
situated near the town of Zeerust. Kaditshwene was built on a steep hill for
protection from its enemies. (4 × 3 = 12)
9. They came to study ancient mountains. The Makhonjwa Mountains are the oldest
mountains in the world. They tell scientists how Earth was formed. (2)
10. Mpumalanga, Mbombela (Nelspruit) (2)
11. They are used to heal cuts and bruises. (2)
12. Eastern Cape, Bhisho (2)

13. She was born in Kimberley.
She worked as a teacher.
Apartheid discriminated against black people, it denied them rights.
She was an anti-apartheid activist.
She was put in prison by the apartheid government.
When she was released, she continued to work for democracy.
In 1994 she achieved the goal and voted in the first democratic election.
She is a hero of the people who sacrificed for other people. (5)
(40 marks)

1. Agree. South Africans are a diverse people with many different stories and histories. Our
history has a lot of variety.
OR: Agree, but we all have a share in each others’ history in that we share a country.
Either answer is acceptable. (2)
2. a. tangible heritage: art, objects, heritage sites, plants, people, mountains
b. intangible heritage: music, songs, religion, memories, festivals, dance (6)
3. Any item, with a good reason.
Or learner can argue that no one thing is more important: historians need to study a
variety of sources. (2)
4. a. 1. Mapungubwe
2. uKhahlamba Park
3. Kaditshwene
4. Gariep Dam
5. Cradle of Humankind (5)
b. a. Limpopo, Polokwane
b. KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg
c. North West, Mafikeng
d. Free State, Bloemfontein
e. Gauteng, Johannesburg (5 × 2 = 10)
5. A paleontologist studies fossils, ancient bones and hominids. (2)
6. A fossil is the remains of a plant or animal preserved in rock. (2)
7. The black rhinoceros is incredibly strong, and has a great sense of what is going on
around him (vision and smell). (2)
8. The Dutch colonists were in charge. But the work was done by slaves, soldiers and sailors. (2)
9. The Makhonjwa Mountains are the oldest mountains in the world. They tell scientists
how Earth was formed. (2)
10. Accept any well supported opinion for this answer. Learners must give the name Verwoerd
and the name Gariep Dam. Verwoerd was the architect of apartheid. Gariep is a word
from the San language. They may conclude that it is not wise to name things after people,
that it is wiser to choose a word from an old language that is not going to be controversial.
Or that places should only be named after people once they are dead. But learners must
state whether they agree that the name should have been changed or not. (5)
(40 marks)

Pearson Marang (Pty) Ltd
Forest Drive, Pinelands, Cape Town
Offices in Johannesburg, Durban, East London, Polokwane, Bloemfontein,

Rustenburg and Mbombela.
website: http://schools.pearson.co.za
© Pearson Marang (Pty) Ltd
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a

retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the copyright holder.
Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders of material produced
in this title. We would like to apologise for any infringement of copyright so
caused, and copyright holders are requested to contact the publishers in order
to rectify the matter.
Maskew Miller Longman is an imprint of Pearson Marang (Pty) Ltd
First published in 2012
ISBN: 978 0 636 14308 1

Pack ISBN: 978 0 636 13762 2
Book design by MML Studio

Cover design by MML Studio
Artwork by Claudia Eckard, Rudi Elliott, Rob Foote
Typesetting by Baseline Publishing Services
Printed by
Photo acknowledgements
The publisher and authors wish to thank the following individuals and/or
companies for permission to reproduce photographic material: Alamy; Big
Stock Photo; Bureau of Heraldry; iStock Photo

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Social Sciences
Grade 5
Extension and Remediation

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3. Say whether each of the African countries listed below have a

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 1 2015/02/26 10:53

5. Answer the following questions on a physical map of Africa.

Thabana Ntlenyana The highest point in Africa

Maletsunyane The longest river in the world

Lake Victoria The highest peak in the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg mountains

Mount Kilimanjaro The highest waterfall in southern Africa

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 2 2015/02/26 10:53

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 3 2015/02/26 10:53

1. Look at the map below. In which compass direction from Germany

2. Remember that the Earth is round. In what direction would

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 4 2015/02/26 10:53

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 5 2015/02/26 10:53

2. Look at the physical map and answer the questions.

Atlantic Ocean Great Karoo toos Su

berg Little Karoo

a. What shade on the map (light, medium or dark) shows land

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 6 2015/02/26 10:53

4. Place the following in the correct columns in the table below:

Rivers Mountain ranges Areas

5. Name the province in which each of the following physical features

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 7 2015/02/26 10:53

7. Look at the map.

Atlantic Ocean Great Karoo toos Su

angb Little Karoo

Physical feature Human activity

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 8 2015/02/26 10:53

2. Look at the physical map.

Atlantic Ocean Great Karoo toos Su

angb Little Karoo

a. Name a mountain range that is higher than 2 000 m. (1)

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 9 2015/02/26 10:53

Atlantic Ocean Great Karoo toos Su

angb Little Karoo

8. The physical features of an area can have a lot to do with the

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 10 2015/02/26 10:53

5. Each of these sentences is incorrect. Correct the sentences by

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 11 2015/02/26 10:53

a. How much rain usually falls in March?

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 12 2015/02/26 10:53

City Highest Lowest Wind Weather

4. Each of these sentences is incorrect. Correct the sentences by

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 13 2015/02/26 10:53

a. How much more rain falls in February than in October? (2)

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 14 2015/02/26 10:53

1. Rocks and minerals are a non-renewable resource. What does

a. Name two provinces where diamonds are found. (2)

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 15 2015/02/26 10:53

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 16 2015/02/26 10:53

1. Give two examples of renewable resources and two examples of

a. Name the main province where each of the following minerals is

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 17 2015/02/26 10:53

1. Answer the following questions about the San.

9780636143081_m01_plt_ssc_g05_wsb_eng_za.indd 18 2015/02/26 10:53

1. What is archaeology? (2)