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The document is an examination report for the Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) certification, indicating a passing score of 92%. It includes multiple-choice questions and answers related to causes of shock, treatment protocols, and emergency response guidelines in pediatric care. Key topics covered include the management of bradycardia, shock types, medication use, and resuscitation techniques.

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Julissa Barcia
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
81 views12 pages

Salvar Una Vida4

The document is an examination report for the Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) certification, indicating a passing score of 92%. It includes multiple-choice questions and answers related to causes of shock, treatment protocols, and emergency response guidelines in pediatric care. Key topics covered include the management of bradycardia, shock types, medication use, and resuscitation techniques.

Uploaded by

Julissa Barcia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

22/1/25, 20:15 Salvar una vida

  

Examen de certificación PALS


 ¡Felicitaciones! Has aprobado este examen con un puntaje del 92%.

1. Todas las siguientes son causas de shock obstructivo EXCEPTO:

 Malformaciones cardíacas congénitas


 Taponamiento cardíaco
 Pérdida aguda de sangre
 Neumotórax a tensión
Correcto. La respuesta es: Pérdida aguda de sangre.
2. ¿Cuándo se debe administrar estimulación cardíaca a un individuo con bradicardia
sintomática con pulso?

 Si el individuo no responde a la RCP y al apoyo farmacológico


Si la bradicardia es el resultado de un bloqueo cardíaco completo o de una función
 anormal del nódulo sinusal
 Si el individuo no responde a la RCP
 Ninguna de las anteriores
Correcto. La respuesta es: Si la bradicardia es el resultado de un bloqueo cardíaco completo o
de una función anormal del nódulo sinusal.
3. El pilar del tratamiento del shock anafiláctico es:

 Dobutamina
 Epinefrina
 Noradrenalina
 Dopamina Hola. ¿En qué puedo
Correcto. La respuesta es: Epinefrina
ayudarte?
4. El paro cardíaco en pediatría es causado más comúnmente por ____________.

 Problemas respiratorios
 Ejercicio
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 Mala dieta
 Lesión   
Correcto. La respuesta es: Problemas respiratorios.
5. ¿Qué afirmación sobre el apoyo cardiovascular durante el manejo posterior a la
reanimación NO es correcta?

 La disfunción cardíaca puede durar horas después de la reanimación.


Nunca se deben utilizar técnicas invasivas para controlar la presión arterial en personas
 con mala perfusión o arritmia frecuente.
El shock y la insuficiencia respiratoria pueden producir una disminución de la perfusión
 y la oxigenación tisular, lo que puede causar problemas cardiovasculares continuos.

 Debes controlar la producción de orina.


Correcto. La respuesta es: Nunca se deben utilizar técnicas invasivas para controlar la presión
arterial en personas con mala perfusión o arritmias frecuentes.
6. ¿Cuál es el mejor agente vasoactivo para el shock séptico frío?

 Dopamina
 Epinefrina
 Noradrenalina
 Milrinona
Incorrecto. La respuesta correcta es: epinefrina
7. ¿Qué afirmación sobre la dexametasona NO es correcta?

 La dexametasona está indicada para el crup de leve a grave.


La dexametasona reduce el número y la activación de linfocitos, eosinófilos, mastocitos
 y macrófagos.

 La dexametasona suele causar hipotensión.


 La dexametasona es un corticosteroide.
Correcto. La respuesta es: La dexametasona suele causar hipotensión.
8. The acute treatment of shock consists of all of the following EXCEPT:

 Improving volume and distribution of cardiac output


 Optimizing oxygen content of the blood
 Correcting metabolic imbalances
Hola. ¿En qué puedo
 Starting therapeutic hypothermia ayudarte?
Correct. The answer is: Starting therapeutic hypothermia
9. Amiodarone is indicated for all of the following EXCEPT:

 Pulseless arrest
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 Ventricular fibrillation
 Supraventricular tachycardia   
 Sinus tachycardia
Correct. The answer is: Sinus tachycardia
10. When using a manual defibrillator, what is the recommended initial dose?

 2 J/kg
 1 J/kg
 3 J/kg
 4 J/kg
Correct. The answer is: 2 J/kg
11. Suitable oxygen delivery to body tissue is dependent on all of the following EXCEPT:

 Adequate blood oxygenation


 Adequate hemoglobin
 Adequate perfusion
 Adequate IV access
Correct. The answer is: Adequate IV access
12. Types of shock include all of the following EXCEPT:

 Hypovolemic shock
 Distributive shock
 Hypothermic shock
 Cardiogenic shock
Correct. The answer is: Hypothermic shock
13. It is appropriate to administer one oral dose of ___________ for mild croup.

 Dexamethasone
 Epinephrine
 Albuterol
 Atropine
Correct. The answer is: Dexamethasone Hola. ¿En qué puedo
ayudarte?
14. When should you use the "pediatric bradycardia with a pulse" algorithm?

 Only on bradycardic individuals with signs of shock


 Only on bradycardic individuals with signs of respiratory distress or failure
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 On individuals with symptomatic bradycardia


 all bradycardic individuals without a pulse
On
  
Correct. The answer is: On individuals with symptomatic bradycardia
15. Which statement about hydrocortisone is NOT correct?

 Hydrocortisone cannot be used for adrenal insufficiency associated with septic shock.
 Hydrocortisone is classified as a corticosteroid.
 Hydrocortisone inhibits vascular leak due to proinflammatory mediators.
 A common side effect is hyperglycemia.
Correct. The answer is: Hydrocortisone cannot be used for adrenal insufficiency associated
with septic shock.
16. Untreated shock can lead to:

 Hypotension
 Cardiopulmonary problems
 Cardiac arrest
 All of the above
Correct. The answer is: All of the above
17. Which statement concerning asystole is NOT correct?

 Drowning, hypothermia, or infection can lead to asystole.


 An asystolic individual has no detectable electrical activity.
 Asystole is one of the rhythms associated with cardiac arrest.
 A flat line on an ECG always indicates asystole.
Correct. The answer is: A flat line on an ECG always indicates asystole.
18. Which statement is correct with concerns to PEA?

 An individual in PEA has no electrical activity.


 Reversible conditions, including hypovolemia and cardiac tamponade, can cause PEA.
 PEA always converts to asystole.
 An individual in PEA has a detectable pulse.
Correct. The answer is: Reversible conditions, including hypovolemia and cardiac tamponade,
can cause PEA. Hola. ¿En qué puedo
19. Which statement concerning cardiac arrest is NOT correct?
ayudarte?

 Cell death within the brain often causes irreversible neurological damage.
 An individual may display signs of agonal breathing in stages of cardiac arrest.

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High-quality CPR always produces good outcomes for pediatric cardiac arrest
 individuals.
 
 Pediatric
Correct. The answer is: High-quality
individuals
cardiac arrest individuals.
in cardiacCPR always
arrest oftenproduces
have poorgood outcomes
outcomes and for
poorpediatric
survival rates.
20. What is the primary therapy for hypovolemic shock?

 Fluid resuscitation
 Correction of metabolic derangements
 Vasopressors
 Antibiotics
Correct. The answer is: Fluid resuscitation
21. Which statement about sinus bradycardia is correct?

 Sinus bradycardia often is the result of increased metabolic demand.


 Sinus bradycardia is never a normal rhythm.
 Sinus bradycardia always originates at the AV node.
Sinus bradycardia may be an abnormal heart rate resulting from a pathological
 condition.
Correct. The answer is: Sinus bradycardia may be an abnormal heart rate resulting from a
pathological condition.
22. Respiratory acidosis is caused by:

 Hypocarbia
 Insufficient ventilation
 Hyperoxia
 Hypoglycemia
Correct. The answer is: Insufficient ventilation
23. Which of the following is a wide complex tachycardia?

 Sinus tachycardia
 Atrial flutter
 Supraventricular tachycardia
 Ventricular tachycardia
Hola. ¿En qué puedo
Correct. The answer is: Ventricular tachycardia
ayudarte?
24. Which is a common cause of quiet tachypnea?

 Upper respiratory obstruction


 Hypoglycemia
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 High fever
 None of the above   
Correct. The answer is: High fever
25. A normal heart rate in an awake child between the ages of 2 to 10 years old is:

 75 to 160 beats per minute


 60 to 140 beats per minute
 100 to 190 beats per minute
 85 to 205 beats per minute
Incorrect. Correct answer is: 60 to 140 beats per minute
26. Acute community-acquired pneumonia causes include:

 Chlamydia pneumonia
 Mycoplasma pneumonia
 Streptococcus pneumonia
 All of the above
Correct. The answer is: All of the above
27. Epinephrine may be used in managing which of the following conditions:

 Anaphylaxis
 Symptomatic bradycardia
 Asthma
 All of the above
Correct. The answer is: All of the above
28. If at any time you determine that an individual is experiencing a life-threatening
emergency, you should support breathing and cardiovascular function immediately by:

 Treating respiratory failure


 Evaluating for airway obstruction
 Providing high-quality CPR
 Giving medications for respiratory distress
Correct. The answer is: Providing high-quality CPR
Hola. ¿En qué puedo
29. What is the preferred priority for drug delivery routes?
ayudarte?

 IV route, IO route, ET route


 IO route, ET route, IV route
 IV route, ET route, IO route
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 ET route, IV route, IO route


Correct. The answer is: IV route, IO route, ET route   
30. The purpose of defibrillation is to:

 Provide electrically stimulated contraction of the heart


 Recharge the heart
 Treat symptomatic bradycardia
 Reset the electrical systems of the heart allowing a normal rhythm a chance to return
Correct. The answer is: Reset the electrical systems of the heart allowing a normal rhythm a
chance to return
31. Which of the following is true regarding ventilation during suctioning?

 Interrupt suctioning and administer oxygen if indicated.


 The patient is not receiving 100% oxygen during suctioning.
 Suctioning is essential to maintain a patent airway.
 All of the above
Correct. The answer is: All of the above
32. All of the following are assessments of primary disability EXCEPT:

 Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)


 AVPU pediatric response scale
 Comprehensive history and physical exam
 Pupillary response
Correct. The answer is: Comprehensive history and physical exam
33. Common causes of lower airway obstruction include:

 Foreign body aspiration and croup


 Pleural effusion and bronchospasm
 Bronchiolitis and asthma
 Pneumonia and pulmonary edema
Correct. The answer is: Bronchiolitis and asthma
34. In assessing level of responsiveness, the AVPU scale consists of all of the following
ratings EXCEPT: Hola. ¿En qué puedo
ayudarte?
 Airway
 Alert
 Voice
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 Unresponsive
Correct. The answer is: Airway
for every
35. For fluid resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock, give about _____ of crystalloid  
_____ of blood lost.

 1 mL, 3 mL
 3 mL, 1 mL
 2 mL, 3 mL
 3 mL, 2 mL
Correct. The answer is: 3 mL, 1 mL
36. Which statement is correct concerning pharmacological support during post-resuscitation
management?

 Dobutamine generally decreases myocardial contractility.


 Milrinone and inamrinone always increase heart rate and myocardial demand.
 Treat hypotension with vasopressors if needed, titrated to BP.
In infants, with significant circulatory instability and hypotensive shock, do not
 administer epinephrine.
Correct. The answer is: Treat hypotension with vasopressors if needed, titrated to BP.
37. Which statement regarding distributive shock is NOT true?

 Warm shock is characterized by cool, pale extremities.


 Distributive shock commonly results in inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation.
 Distributive shock can be characterized as either warm shock or cold shock
Common forms of distributive shock include septic shock, anaphylactic shock, and
 neurogenic shock.
Correct. The answer is: Warm shock is characterized by cool, pale extremities.
38. Which of the following symptoms demonstrate increased work of breathing?

 Use of accessory thoracic muscles


 Grunting
 Nasal flaring
 All of the above
Correct. The answer is: All of the above Hola. ¿En qué puedo
39. Initial management of respiratory distress or failure include:
ayudarte?

 Suctioning and providing supplemental oxygen


 Opening and supporting the airway
 Assessing oxygenation with a pulse oximeter
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 All of the above


Correct. The answer is: All of the above   
40. What is the best vasoactive agent for severe warm septic shock?

 Norepinephrine
 Dobutamine
 Milrinone
 Phenylephrine
Correct. The answer is: Norepinephrine
41. The initial assessment consists of assessing all of the following EXCEPT:

 Deformity
 Color
 Breathing
 Consciousness
Correct. The answer is: Deformity
42. Which statement best describes cardiogenic shock?

 Individuals in cardiogenic shock have normal peripheral pulses and blood pressure.
Increased blood pressure with wide pulse pressures always indicates cardiogenic
 shock.
Increased myocardial dysfunction indicates cardiogenic shock and deteriorating
 condition.
 Aggressive fluid therapy is always indicated for cardiogenic shock.
Correct. The answer is: Increased myocardial dysfunction indicates cardiogenic shock and
deteriorating condition.
43. ¿Cuál afirmación sobre el manejo posterior a la reanimación es correcta?

Nunca se deben utilizar analgésicos ni sedantes debido a posibles problemas


 respiratorios.
 Puede ser necesario corregir los desequilibrios ácido-base y electrolíticos.
 Es importante prevenir la hipotermia después de una lesión cerebral.
El tratamiento posterior a la reanimación no debe comenzar hasta que los sistemas
 orgánicos estén funcionando normalmente. Hola. ¿En qué puedo
Correcto. La respuesta es: Es posible que sea necesario corregir los desequilibrios ácido-base
ayudarte?
y electrolíticos.
44. El tipo de shock asociado con la perfusión tisular inadecuada resultante de la disfunción
miocárdica es:

 Choque hipovolémico
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 Choque distributivo
 Choque cardiogénico   
 Choque obstructivo
Correcto. La respuesta es: Shock cardiogénico
45. ¿Qué ritmo debe ser impactado?

 Actividad eléctrica sin pulso (AESP)


 Fibrilación ventricular
 Fibrilación auricular
 Taquicardia supraventricular
Correcto. La respuesta es: fibrilación ventricular
46. ​Restaurar la permeabilidad de las vías respiratorias superiores en un niño NO incluye:

Utilizar la maniobra de inclinación de la cabeza y elevación del mentón para abrir la vía
 aérea

 Cricotirotomía
Uso de complementos para las vías respiratorias (por ejemplo, vías respiratorias
 nasofaríngeas u orofaríngeas)
Realización de técnicas de alivio de la obstrucción de las vías respiratorias por cuerpos
 extraños
Correcto. La respuesta es: Cricotirotomía
47. Los medicamentos que se pueden utilizar para tratar el asma de moderado a grave
incluyen todos los siguientes, EXCEPTO:

 Albuterol
 Antibióticos
 Sulfato de magnesio
 Bromuro de ipratropio
Correcto. La respuesta es: Antibióticos.
48. ¿Qué respuesta NO se puntúa mediante la GCS (Escala de Coma de Glasgow)?

 Respuesta verbal
 Respuesta motora
 Apertura de ojos Hola. ¿En qué puedo
ayudarte?
 Ventilación por minuto
Correcto. La respuesta es: Ventilación por minuto.
49. Todos los siguientes están incluidos en el historial de SPAM EXCEPTO:

 Exposición
https://lms.nhcps.com/exam/pals-certification-exam 10/12

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 Signos y síntomas
  
 Historial médico pasado
 Alergias
Incorrecto. La respuesta correcta es: Exposición
50. La primera dosis energética recomendada para la cardioversión sincronizada en caso de
taquicardia supraventricular (TSV) inestable o TV con pulso que causa inestabilidad
cardiovascular es:

 1 a 2 julios por kg
 0,1 a 0,5 julios por kg
 3 a 5 julios por kg
 0,5 a 1 julios por kg
Incorrecto. La respuesta correcta es: 0,5 a 1 julio por kg.

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