Fresh Water Generator

The Fresh Water Generator is short written as FWG and is

rendered in Greek as fresh water producer, but
it has
prevailed to be called as vaporeta or kettle or Distiller
With the kettle we produce distilled water from sea water. The
conversion process is carried out with
two heat exchangers. One is called an evaporator (Evaporator) or kettle and inside it
the water is heated,
boiled andevaporated. The other is called a condenser or refrigerator and inside it the
is cooled with sea water and produced steam
condensed into distilled water.
Operating Principle
The boiler (FWG) receives the heat for evaporating the seawater from the
cooling water (jacket) of the
main engine. Part of the engine cooling water, which normally has a temperature of
600C-65oC at the
exhaust from the driving engine, is led to the boiler heat exchanger. There it circulates and gives off
to the seawater. heat

This seawater evaporates, since its boiling point is around 38oC due to the vacuum
created in the kettle
by the ejector (around 93%) (cifari or ejector). The produced
steam in the heat exchanger passes through
the separator (demister) and is led to the refrigerator (condenser), where it is
cooled by the sea water,
which circulates through the internal passages of the refrigerator.
The ejector creates a vacuum the boiler (approx. 93%) and
this is due to the low evaporation
temperature (approx. 38 o C) of the seawater. The ejector pump is a common
sends seawater to the ejector. The condensate suction pump (Fresh Water centrifugal pump that
sweet water from the boiler cooler and depresses it into the ship's
Pump) sucks the produced
fresh water tanks.
Useful Explanations
Ejector Pump =Ejector pump
A pump that feeds driving water to the Water Ejector of the
Fresh Water Generator. A
pump that feeds
the kettle fire.

Feed Water = Supply water

Seawater that is a source of distillate. Seawater is the source of the distillation
Deflector = reflector

Aplate that separates seawater paticles being transported together with the vapor
Evaporator. plate that separates the marine particles that are generated in the
to the kettle.
carried along with the produced steam

Evaporator = Evaporator
Being composed of the Evaporation Chamber,
Deflector and Mesh Separator, the Evaporator evaporates
seawater. The evaporator produces seawater, which passes
reflector and separator. through the evaporation chamber,

Distillate (Product Water) = Distillate

 Water generated by condensation of vapor generated in the Evaporator. The water is produced by the
condensation of the steam produced by the evaporator.
Distillate Pump =Distillate Pump (water)
Apump that transfers the distillate produced in the Fresh Water Generator to the Fresh Water Tank.
Apump that transfers the distilled water from the kettle to the fresh water tank.
Fresh Water Generator = Kettle
A unit that produces distilate from fresh
water or seawater. Aunit that produces distilled water from
fresh or sea water.

Water Ejector
Adevice that evacuates the Evaporator and discharges cooling
seawater and brine overboard. A device
which creates a vacuum in the kettle and forces the cooled water and brine out of
the ship.
Condenser = Condenser

Aheat exchanger that condenses vapor into distillate. A heat exchanger that condenses steam into
distillate.

Procedure for Starting

1. Open valves on the suction and discharge side of the ejector pump.2.
Open overboard valve for
ejector.3. Close air valve on the upper part of the separator vessel.4. Start ejector pump to create a
vacuum of min. 90%. Pressure at ejector inlet minimum 350 kPa (3.5 kg/cm ).
Back pressure at ejector outlet maximum 60 kPa (0.6 kg/cm ' ).
5. When there is a minimum of 90% vacuum, open very slowly hot water inlet
and outlet valves from
jacket cooling system. 6. Start hot water supply to evaporator section by adjusting by-pass valve, until
the desired jacket water temperature is reached inlet 75°Coutlet 60 C. The boiling
temperature inside
the separator vessel ought to be about 40°C.
ATTENTION

Improper hot water flow / adjust by- pass/will cause the following effects:
In case the flow is too low - low boiling temperature, drop the fresh water production / High brine level
in sight glass in separator vessel.
In case the flow is too big - high boiling water temperature, drop of fresh water production, increase of
salinity and drop of vacuum/low brine level in sight glass is separator vessel.
7. Switch on Salinometer.8. Start Fresh Water Pump.

ATTENTION

During the first few minutes, after fresh water pump starts, salinity of produced water may be higher
than 2ppm, this it is recommended to dump it to bilge / open valve on the discharge side of fresh water
pump. When evaporation starts, the boiling temperature rises, while the
obtained vacuum drops to
aprox. 90% After a few minutes normal vacUum and boiling
temperature re-established.
is
Procedure for Stopping
1. Fully open by pass valve.2. Close the inlet and outlet valve of the jacket.3. Stop fresh
water pump.
4. Switch off salinometer5. Wait for the temperature to decrease.6. Stop the ejector pump.7. Open the
air valve.8. Close the valves in the suction and discharge side of the ejector pump.9. Close overboard
valve for ejector.

40°C|
20°C
96%

to Jacket
water cooler
60*C

Fresh
water
from jacket Pump
water pump 35°C
Separator
vessel
20
Vmln 0,30 0,06 MPa
MPa

0.20 Air/brine Jector over board

MPa
to fresh from sea
to bilge water tank Ejector pump
lash Process (Flash Evapoator)
it s reikases lo a
{ yp erYAY he te water in one compartment befre
w es
i wichhe peR K ttally kuer, casng soene a te

Densr orts

I!
 Shell,ueually fabricated steel
cooted with sheet rubber which
is rolled & bonded
Knitted monel metol
wire demister,scrubs off Plote type vapour
seo water droplets from condensor Saety
the vopours

Cooling sea woter

Evaporator-plote
type heat exchanger.

Jocket
woter out

Alternate steam
heating connection
Brine Door
Jacket
woter
inlet Orifice)
Overboard
Airi Brine Ejector

Jocket water
cooler
pump
Sea water
Jacket cooling Air extraction
Water out
Diesel
Vapours
Distillote
Engine
Solinormeter

To fresh water
tank

Distillate Back to evaporator shell

(Also give alarm)
Pump
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JACKET WATER BRONE

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CONTOL PINS

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